谓语动词时态专题1 学案-高考英语语法专项复习

Whateverhappenedinthepastisgone,thebestisalwaysyettocome.无论过去发生什么，最好的永远尚未到来。专题一动词学案01：谓语动词（时态语态）一般现在时结构：_______________________动词第三人称单数变化规则：情形规则词例一般情况加-swork-works,live-lives,take-takes,write-writes以字母ch,sh,s,x,o结尾加-eswatch-watches,wish-wishes,kiss-kisses,fix-fixes,go-goes以辅音字母加y结尾但元音字母加y结尾变y为i，再加-esstudy-studies,carry-carries,bury-buries,fly-flies直接加-sdestroy-destroys,employ-employs,obey-obeys注：be的变化：_________________have的变化_________________定义：★通常表示现阶段经常发生的动作、存在状态或经常的习惯性的动作。Sheisalwaysreadytohelpothers.她总是乐于助人。The

sky

is

blue.天空是蓝色的。Theoldmangoestoparkeverymorning.这位老人每天早上都去公园。★表示永恒的真理以及客观事实。Theearthgoesroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。Thesuncomesoutfromtheeast.太阳从东边升起。★表示按规定或计划要发生的动作。Thetrainstartsatseveninthemorning.火车早上七点出发。★在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。Ifyouleavetomorrow,I’llseeyouattheairport.如果你明天走，我到机场送你。常用于一般现在时的标志词always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,never等表示频度的副词onSunday,onMondayafternoon,everyday,everymorning,everyyear等时间状语onceayear,twiceamonth,threetimesaweek之类的表示频率的词组被动形式：______________________一般过去时结构：________________________动词过去式变化规则：情形规则词例一般情况下词尾加-edWait-waited,borrow-borrowed,need-needed以e结尾只加-dArrive-arrived,excite-excited,change-changed以辅音字母加y结尾元音字母加y结尾变y为i，再加-edstudy-studied,carry-carried,burry-buried直接加-eddestroy-destroyed,obey-obeyed以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词双写辅音字母再加-edrob-robbed,rub-rubbed,stop-stopped以不发音的e结尾直接加-dlike-liked,provide-provided注：was用于第___________人称单数；were用于其他人称定义：★一般过去时表示过去某一时间发生的动作或情况。Imethimyesterday.昨天我遇见了他。Theybegantoworktwomonthsago.两个月前他们开始工作。★表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。She

went

to

the

cinema

once

a

month

when

she

was

at

school.

她上学时每个月去看一场电影。

When

I

was

in

the

countryside,

I

often

walked

by

the

riverside.

我在乡下时经常在河边散步。★通过语境、上下文或说话人的口气来判断。Hewroteanovel.他写了一部小说。Ididn’texpectyouwerewaitingforus.我没预料到你正在等我们。常用于一般过去时的标志词yesterday及相关短语：yesterday,

the

day

before

yesterday...“last+

时间状语”构成的短语：last

night/week/month/spring/year...“一段时间+ago”组成的短语：two

days/months/years

ago...“介词+

过去时间”组成的短语：in

1999

；intheTangDynasty,on

the

morning

of

December

25thjustnow,ontheotherday,oneday,then,thismorning,attheageof...被动形式：___________________________一般将来时结构：(1)助动词will(shall)+动词原形am/is/are+goingto+动词原形定义：★表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，或是打算要做的事。Hewillnotgototheairporttomeetherthisafternoon.今天下午他不去机场接她。Ishallbeeighteenyearsoldnextyear.明年我就十八岁了。Iamgoingtowatchthefilmontelevisiontonight?★表示同意或答应做某事。Thatbaglooksheavy.I'llhelpyouwithit.这个包看起来很重，我来帮你提。Iwon'ttellanyonewhathappened,Ipromise.我保证不告诉别人所发生的事。常用于一般将来时的标志词tomorrow,nextweek/month/year,inthefuture,in+时间段...被动形式：________________________________________现在进行时结构：am/is/are+v-ing动词的现在分词变化规则：情形规则词例大多数动词直接加-ingwork-working,rain-raining,run-ruining以不发音的-e结尾去掉e加-ingwrite-writing,come-coming,make-making以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词双写辅音字母再加-ingrob-robbing,rub-rubbing,shop-shopping定义：★现在进行时表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作。Listen,someoneiscrying.听，有人在哭。Whatareyoudoingthesedays?这些天你们在干什么？★表计划要做的动作或即将发生的动作时也用现在进行时。（常表位置移动的动词go,come,leave,arrive,start,begin等）TheyareleavingforShanghai.他们将动身去上海。★现在进行时也与always,allthetime,constantly等连用，表示反复出现的习惯性动作，用以表达说话人赞扬、讨厌等情绪。Heisalwaysaskingthesamequestion.他总是问同一个问题。（厌烦）常用于现在进行时的标志词now,atpresent,rightnow,look,listen...被动形式：_____________________________过去进行时结构：was/were+v-ing定义：★表示在过去某一时刻或过去一段时间内正在发生的动作。Iwasdoingmyhomeworkatthistimeyesterday.昨天的这个时候我正在做作业。★表示过去一个动作发生的时候，另一个动作同时也正在进行，常用when,while这样的时间状语引导词。Iwaswashingmyhairwhenyouknockedatthedoor.你敲门的时候我正在洗头发。Whileyouwerereadingthepaper,Iwasworking.你在看报纸的时候我正在工作。常用于过去进行时的标志词atthattime/moment,then等被动形式：__________________________【Exercise】Look!Thesweat______________(pour)downyourface.Letmeturnontheairconditioner.China'sFive-hundred-meterApertureSphericalradioTelescope____________(remain)thegloballeaderforthenext10to20years.I_____________(eat)lunchwhenIlearnedthatformerBritishprimeministerMargaretThatcherhadpassedaway.She______________(phone)someone,so

I

noddedtoherandwentaway.Wheneverypupilintheschoolwearstheuniform,nobody____________(have)toworryaboutfashion(时尚).TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernment______________(start)asoil-testingprogramthatgivesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers—and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.

Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiencesand______________(recommend)wonderfulplacestoeat,shop,andvisit.Thestudentshavebeenworkinghardontheirlessonsandtheirefforts______________(reward)withsuccessintheend.Weareconfidentthattheenvironment________________(improve)byourfurthereffortstoreducepollution.Mygrandpaoftenlooksbackonthosedaysinthecountryside,wherehe

_____________(work)forages.The____________(excite)momentwehadlookedforwardto_____________(come)atlast.Thebasketballcoach,aswellashisteam,__________________(interview)shortlyafterthematchfortheiroutstandingperformance.TheDragonBoatFestival___________(mark)thebeginningofthehottestseasonoftheyear.Duetothecountry’sgrowingrateofurbanization,China’smigrantpopulation________________(predict)tobeover200millionby2030.Oursocietywouldbebetteroffbutfort