Welcomeunit句子成分讲解 习题课件-高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

Unit4SpaceExplorationDiscoveringUsefulStructures组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分，你所知道的句子成分有哪些?1.主语(subject)2.谓语(predicate)3.宾语(object---直宾directobject

间宾indirectobject)4.表语(predicative)5.定语(attribute)6.状语(adverbial)7.补语(objectcomplement)1.主语(subject)它是句子的主体部分，是说明的对象，是动作的执行者或发出者。主语通常由名词、代词及动词-ing形式等充当。Tomisgoodatplayingthepiano.Somkingisbadforhealth.Theyoungshouldrespecttheold.Toreadinthesunisbadforyoureyes.Whathehassaidistrue.2.谓语(predicate)它用来说明主语的状态或主语所做的动作。它由一个动词或动词短语构成，也会由情态动词、be动词及助动词加动词构成。Thestudentsareplayingbasketball.LucycanspeakEnglishwell.Myfatherdidn’tlistentomyadvice.Herunseverymorning.DavidtookpartintheFootballClub.3.宾语(object---直宾directobject

间宾indirectobject)它表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词(vt)（短语）和介词后面。间接宾语通常是人，直接宾语通常是物。Mikelovesswimming.Iwantedtoleavehere.Heenjoyedplayingbasketball.Hegivesmeapen.Alexgavehissisterthepiano.Maryhandedmetheletter.7.宾语补足语(objectcomplement)它补充说明宾语的动作或状态，使句子的意义完整。Ifoundthebookinteresting.TheycalledtheirdaughterAmy.Wesawherenteringtheroom.Whenhewokeup,hefoundhimselfunderthebed.Theypaintedthedoorgreen.洞(v)前有猪(主)洞(v)后有兵(宾)4.表语(predicative)它用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态。它一般位于系动词之后，由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及从句充当。常见的系动词有：1.be：am,is,are,was,were2.感官：smell,feel,sound,taste,look...3.变化：become,get,turn,go,come,get...4.持续性:keep,remain,stay,stand...5.状态：seem,appear...

系动词不用于被动语态！！！Theappletastessweet.Thatwaswasover.Heremainedinpoorhealthallthoseyears.Youlooksunhappytoday.Theteacherwassingingintheclassroom.5.定语(attribute)它起修饰限制名词或代词的作用，分为前置定语和后置定语，一般由形容词性物主代词、数词、形容词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词或句子充当。XiaoMingisacleverboy.(adj.)Thereare50studentsinourclass.(num.)Thegirlinredishissister.Chinaisadevelopingcountry.ThemanwhoisplayingtheguitarisJack.6.状语(adverbial)它用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征，可表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、方式、伴随、条件、程度、让步等。Theyareplayingontheplayground.Hewaslatebecausehegotuplate.Weoftengotoschoolbybus.Ilikeyouverymuch.WhenIwasyoung,Ialwayslistenedtotheradio.1.主+谓

Allofuslaughed!

2.主+系+表

Sheisbeautiful.3.主+谓+宾

Imissmygrandma.4.主+谓+间宾+直宾

Hetoldusafunnystory.

5.主+谓+宾补

Ifoundthebikeold.6.主谓状

Irunquickly.

7.主谓宾状

Ihadmyfirstmathsclassatseniorhighschool.8.therebe结构ThereisanEnglishCorneratourschool.基本句型1.Icouldn’tconcentrateontheexperiment.2.Ifeltmuchmoreconfident.3.Iwanttomakeagoodfirstimpression.4.Tomorrowwillbegreat.5.Imissmyfriendsfromjuniorhighschool.6.Wehado