Arteries动脉专题知识

Arteries动脉第1页Arteries动脉CharacteristicsSymmetry

对称Inthetrunkofthebodyconsistparietalandvisceralbranches壁支和脏支ShortestpossiblecourseRunonflexorsurfacesUsuallydonotpassdirectlythroughmuscles,avoidingcompressionTogetherwiththeveinsandnervesinasheathoffasciatoformneurovascularbundle

血管神经束第2页ArteriesofpulmonarycirculationPulmonarytrunk

肺动脉干ArisesfromrightventricleRunsup,back,andtotheleftBifurcatesinferiortoaorticarchintorightandleftpulmonaryarteries左、右肺动脉,oneforeachlung★Arterialligament

动脉韧带

Remnantofductusarteriosus动脉导管Afibrousbandthatconnectsbifurcationofpulmonarytrunkwithinferiorborderofaorticarch第3页PulmonaryArteryAortaPatentDuctusArteriosus第4页Arteriesofsystemiccirculation

体循环旳动脉第5页★

Aorta积极脉

Ascendingaorta

升积极脉Aorticarch

积极脉弓lowerborderofT4vertebraAbdominalaorta

腹积极脉lowerborderofL4vertebraCommoniliaca.

髂总动脉secondrightsternocostaljointThoracicaorta

胸积极脉atlevelofT12vertebra升积极脉积极脉弓胸积极脉腹积极脉髂总动脉第6页升积极脉积极脉弓胸积极脉腹积极脉颈总动脉锁骨下动脉髂外动脉髂内动脉髂总动脉头臂干第7页Ascendingaorta升积极脉

ArisesfromleftventricleRunsupward,forwardandtotherightExtendstolevelofrightsecondsternocostaljoint★

BranchesRightcoronaryartery右冠状动脉Leftcoronaryartery左冠状动脉第8页Aorticarch积极脉弓ContinuationofascendingaortaCurvesupward,totheleftandposteriorly,thendownward,archingoverleftprincipalbronchusandpulmonarytrunktolowerborderofT4level,andbecomesthoracicaorta★

Branches(fromrighttoleft)Brachiocephalictrunk头臂干RightcommoncarotidA右颈总动脉RightsubclavianA右锁骨下动脉LeftcommoncarotidA左颈总动脉LeftsubclavianA左锁骨下动脉Aorticglomera

积极脉小球chemoreceptorAorticisthmus积极脉峡Baroreceptor

第9页Commoncarotida.

颈总动脉★

Origin(arisesfrom)Right：BrachiocephalictrunkLeft：Aorticarch★Ascendsinnecktoupperborderofthyroidcartilage★

BranchesInternalcarotidartery颈内动脉Externalcarotidartery颈外动脉第10页Commoncarotida.

颈总动脉★

Carotidsinus

颈动脉窦LocatedatalocalizesdilationofterminalpartofcommoncarotidarteryandbeginningofinternalcarotidarterySensitivetobloodpressurechanges(baroreceptor)★

Carotidglomus

颈动脉小球LiesposteriortothepointofbifurcationofcommoncarotidarterySenseschangesinbloodcarbondioxide(oxygen)levels(chemoreceptor)

CarotidsinusCarotidglomus第11页★颈外动脉externalCarotidA.Superiorthyroida.

甲状腺上动脉DescendstosupplyupperpoleofthyroidglandandlarynxLinguala.

舌动脉Faciala.

面动脉Loopsaroundmandible(whereitispalpable),atanteriorborderofmasseter,toenterthefaceOccipitala.

枕动脉Posteriorauriculara.

耳后动脉Maxillarya.

上颌动脉Middlemeningealartery

脑膜中动脉Superficialtemporala.

颞浅动脉颞浅动脉脑膜中动脉枕动脉上颌动脉甲状腺甲状腺上动脉面动脉舌动脉第12页Subclavianartery锁骨下动脉

★Origin(arisesfrom)Right：BrachiocephalictrunkLeft：Aorticarch★Becomesaxillaryarteryatlateralborderoffirstrib★BranchesInternalthoracica.胸廓内动脉Vertebrala.椎动脉Thyrocervicaltrunk甲状颈干Inferiorthyroidartery甲状腺下动脉Superascapulara.肩胛上动脉Costocervicaltrunk肋颈干第13页Subclavianartery锁骨下动脉第14页Axillaryartery

腋动脉★Continuationofsubclavianarteryatlateralborderoffirstrib,BecomesbrachialarteryatlowerborderofteresmajorBranchesThoracoacromiala.胸肩峰动脉Lateralthoracica.胸外侧动脉Subscapulara.肩胛下动脉Throcodorsala.胸背动脉

Circumflexscapulara.旋肩胛动脉Anterior

humeralcircumflexa.旋肱前动脉Posteriorhumeralcircumflexa.旋肱后动脉第15页Axillaryartery

腋动脉第16页Brachialartery肱动脉★Continuationofaxillaryarteryatlowerborderofteresmajor.DividesintoradialandulnararteriesatlevelofneckofradiusBranchesRadialartery

桡动脉Ulnarartery

尺动脉Deepbrachiala.

肱深动脉Superiorulnarcollaerala.尺侧上副动脉Inferiorulnarcollaterala.尺侧下副动脉第17页Brachialartery肱动脉Deepbrachiala.肱深动脉brachiala.肱动脉Radialartery桡动脉Ulnarartery尺动脉第18页Radialartery桡动脉Course:

attheneckoftheradius

inthecubitalfossa,passesdownwardandlaterallyBranchesSuperficalpalmarbranch

掌浅支Principalarteryofthumb

拇重要动脉Radialrecurentbranch桡侧返动脉第19页Ulnarartery尺动脉

Course:

attheneckoftheradius

inthecubitalfossapassesdownwardandmediallyBranchesCommoninterosseousartery

骨间总动脉anteriorinterossousa.骨间前动脉posteriorinterosseousa.骨间后动脉Deeppalmarbranch掌深支第20页第21页Superficialpalmararch掌浅弓

★Formedbyulnarartery尺动脉andsuperficialpalmarbranchofradialartery桡动脉掌浅支Branchescommonpalmardigitalarteries指掌侧总动脉（3）properpalmardigitalarteries指掌侧固有动脉ulnarpalmararteryoflittlefinger小指尺掌侧动脉第22页Deeppalmararch掌深弓★Formedbyradialartery桡动脉anddeeppalmarbranchofulnarartery尺动脉掌深支Branchespalmarmetacarpalarteries掌心动脉（3）第23页VisualizingthepositionofthesuperficialanddeeppalmararchesThecurveofsuperficialpalmararch

liesatthelevelofmiddleofthemetacarpalboneThecurveofdeeppalmararchliesacrossthecarpometacarpaljoint第24页Thoracicaorta

胸积极脉★CourseContinuationofaorticarchatlowerborderofT4PassesthroughaortichiatusofdiaphragmatlevelofT12vertebratoenterabdominalcavityMainbranchesParietalbranchesPosteriorintercostalsarteries肋间后动脉subcostalartery肋下动脉Superiorphrenicarteries膈上动脉VisceralbranchesBronchialbranches支气管支Esophagealbranches食管支Pericardialbranches心包支第25页Thoracicaorta

胸积极脉第26页Abdominalaorta腹积极脉★ContinuationofthoracicaortaataortichiatusofdiaphragminfrontofT12TerminatesatlowerborderofL4vertebrabydividingintorightandleftcommoniliacarteriesGivesofftwogroupsofbranchesParietalbranches壁支Visceralbranches脏支pairedunpaired第27页Abdominalaorta腹积极脉ParietalbranchesInferiorphrenica.膈下动脉(onepair)superiorsuprarenalartery

肾上腺上动脉Lumbara.

腰动脉(fourpairs)

supplytheposteriorabdominalwallMediansacrala.

骶正中动脉

第28页Abdominalaorta腹积极脉★

Visceralbranches-PairedMiddlesuprarenalartery肾上腺中动脉Renalartery肾动脉inferiorsuprarenalartery

肾上腺下动脉Testicular(ovarian)artery睾丸（卵巢）动脉第29页Testicular(ovarian)arterySuperiorsuprarenala.Middlesuprarenala.Inferiorsuprarenala.Renala.Accessory

renala.Subphrenica.第30页Abdominalaorta腹积极脉★

Visceral

branches-UnpairedCeliactrunk

腹腔干Ashortlargearterythatarisesfromthefrontofaortaasitemergesthroughthediaphragm.Superiormesenterica.肠系膜上动脉Arisesfromthefrontofaorta,atthelevelofL1Inferiormesenterica.肠系膜下动脉Arisesfromthefrontofaorta,atlevelofL3CeliactrunkSuperiormesenterica.Inferiormesenterica.第31页Celiactrunk

腹腔干Superiormesenterica.肠系膜上动脉Inferiormesenterica.肠系膜下动脉第32页★Celiactrunk

腹腔干AshortlargearterythatarisesfromthefrontofaortaasitemergesthroughthediaphragmBranchesLeftgastricartery胃左动脉

Commonhepaticartery

肝总动脉Splenicartery

脾动脉LeftgastricarteryCommonhepaticarterySplenicartery第33页★Celiactrunk

腹腔干BranchesLeftgastricartery

胃左动脉Runsalonethelessercurvatureofstomach第34页★Celiactrunk

腹腔干Splenicartery

脾动脉pancreaticbranches胰支

leftgastrioeploicartery胃网膜左动脉shortgastricarteries胃短动脉posteriorgastricartery胃后动脉splenicbranches脾支第35页★Celiactrunk

腹腔干BranchesCommonhepaticA.

肝总动脉Properhepatica.肝固有动脉rightgastricartery胃右动脉leftbranchrightbranch→cysticartery胆囊动脉Gastroduodenala.胃十二指肠动脉rightgastroepiploicartery胃网膜右动脉superiorpancreaticoduodenalartery胰十二指肠上动脉第36页Celiactrunk

第37页Leftgastrica.Commonhepatica.Splenica.Gastroduodenala.Properhepatica.Rightgastrica.LeftbranchRightbranchCystica.Shortgastrica.

Leftgastroepiploica.Rightgastroepiploica.Superiorpancreaticoduodenala.Splenicbranches

Celiactrunk

第38页★Superiormesenterica.肠系膜上动脉

Branches

Inferiorpancreaticodudenalartery

胰十二指肠下动脉Jejunalandilealarteries(13-18)空肠和回肠动脉Ileocolicartery

回结肠动脉

appendicularartery阑尾动脉Rightcolicartery

右结肠动脉Middlecolicartery

中结肠动脉

第39页Superiormesenterica.

Inf.pancreaticodudenala.Jejunalandileala.Ileocolica.Appendiculara.Rightcolica.Middlecolica.

SuperiorMesentericv.第40页★Inferiormesenterica.肠系膜下动脉

BranchesLeftcolicartery

左结肠动脉Sigmoidarteries

乙状结肠Superiorrectalartery

直肠上动脉第41页Inferiormesenterica.Leftcolica.Sigmoida.Superiorrectala.

Inferiormesentericv.第42页Ileocolicartery回结肠动脉appendicularartery阑尾动脉colicmarginalartery结肠缘动脉第43页Commoniliacartery髂总动脉ContinuationofabdominalaortaatlevelofL4vertebraRundownwardandlaterallytoendoppositethesacroiliacjointbydividingintointernal

and

externaliliacarteries.（髂内动脉和髂外动脉）第44页Internaliliacartery髂内动脉ParietalbranchesObturatora.

闭孔动脉Superiorgluteala.

臀上动脉Inferiorgluteala.

臀下动脉Iliolumbera.

髂腰动脉Lateralsacrala.

骶外侧动脉臀上动脉臀下动脉闭孔动脉髂内动脉髂腰动脉骶外侧动脉臀上动脉臀下动脉第45页Internaliliacartery髂内动脉VisceralbranchesUmbilicala.

脐动脉

superiorvesicala.

膀胱上动脉Inferiorvesicala.

膀胱下动脉Uterinea.

子宫动脉Inferiorrectala.

直肠下动脉Internalpudendala.

阴部内动脉髂内动脉阴部内动脉直肠下动脉子宫动脉膀胱上动脉脐动脉膀胱下动脉第46页Internaliliacartery髂内动脉Uterinea.

子宫动脉

About2cmfromneckofuterusitcrossesaboveandinfrontofureter小桥流水第47页Internaliliacartery髂内动脉Internalpudendalartery

阴部内动脉

CourseLeavesthepelvisthroughtheinfrapiriformforamenandenterstheglutealregionItenterstheperineumthroughthelessersciaticforamenandthenpassesforwardinthepudendalcanalwiththepudendalnerve

BranchesAnalartery肛动脉Perinealartery会阴动脉Dorsalarteryofpenis(clitoris)阴茎（蒂）背动脉

第48页第49页第50页Externaliliacartery髂外动脉BranchesInferiorepigastricartery

腹壁下动脉Deepiliaccircumflexartery旋髂深动脉第51页Femorala.股动脉

Continuationoftheexternaliliaca.BeginsmidpointofinguinalligamentEndsattheadductortendinousopeningbyenteringthepoplitealfossaasthepoplitealartery腘动脉股动脉股深动脉第52页Femorala.股动脉Principalbranch

Deepfemorala.

股深动脉

Arisesfromtheposterolateralsurfaceofthefemoralarteryabout2-5cmbelowtheinguinalligament.Branc