考研考博-英语-安阳学院考试押题三合一+答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安阳学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.翻译题

中国人讲究“义利相兼，以义为先”。中非关系最大的“义”，就是用中国发展助力非洲的发展、最终实现互利共赢、共同发展。中方支持非洲人以非洲方式解决非洲问题，主张解决安全问题要标本兼治、综合施策。在工业、基础设施建设、投资和贸易便利化等领域，中非合作将为双方企业投资和贸易提供更多机会，从而提高非洲产业竞争力，弥补非洲基础设施缺口。在现代农业、绿色发展、减贫惠民等方面的合作，将促进中非企业分享先进技术和建立可持续发展模式，增强自主发展能力，提高公共治理水平。

【答案】Chinesepeoplepayattentiontothephaseofrighteousnessandconcurrentlytorighteousnessfirst.China-AfricarelationstherighteousnessofthebiggestboostAfrica’sdevelopmentistouseChina’sdevelopment,Ultimatelyachievemutualbenefitandwin-winresults.ThecommondevelopmentofChina’ssupportoftheAfricanpeopleinAfricawaysolvetheproblemofAfrica,arguesthattosolvesecurityproblemstotreatbothcomprehensiveShiCe.Intheindustrialareassuchasinfrastructureconstructioninvestmentandtradefacilitation,china-Africacooperationwillprovidemoreopportunitiesforbothbusinessinvestmentandtrade,toimproveindustrialcompetitiveness,AfricagapsAfricaninfrastructureGreendevelopmentinmodernagriculture

Cooperationinpovertyreductionandpeople’swell-beingwillencourageChineseandAfricancompaniestoshareadvancedtechnologies,establishsustainabledevelopmentmodels,enhancetheircapacityforindependentdevelopmentandimprovepublicgovernance.

2.单选题

Underthe（

）ofProfessorRoberts,the900delegatesassessedanddiscussedthesocialmarketeconomy.

问题1选项

A.custodian

B.alienation

C.tutelage

D.help

【答案】C

【解析】custodian管理人，监护人；alienation异化，疏远；tutelage指导。句意：在Roberts教授的指导下，900名代表对社会市场经济进行了评估和讨论。选项C更符合语境。

3.不定项选择题

Justiceinsocietymustincludebothafairtrialtotheaccusedandtheselectionofanappropriatepunishmentforthoseprovenguilty.Becausejusticeisregardedasoneformofequality,wefindinitsearlierexpressiontheideaofapunishmentequaltothecrime.RecordedintheOldTestamentistheexpression:“aneyeforaneye,andatoothforatooth.”Thatis,theindividualwhohasdonewronghascommittedanoffenceagainstsociety.Tomakeupforhisoffence,societymustgeteven.Thiscanbedoneonlybydoinganequalinjurytohim.Thisconceptionofretributivejusticeisreflectedinmanypartsofthelegaldocumentsandproceduresofmoderntimes.Itisillustratedwhenwedemandthedeathpenaltyforapersonwhohadcommittedmurder.ThisphilosophyofpunishmentwassupportedbytheGermanidealistHegel.Hebelievedthatsocietyowedittothecriminaltogiveapunishmentequaltothecrimehehadcommitted.Thecriminalhadbyhisownactionsdeniedhistrueselfanditisnecessarytodosomethingthatwillcounteractthisdenialandrestoretheselfthathasbeendenied.Tothemurderernothinglessthangivinguphisownwillpayhisdebt.Thedemandofthedeathpenaltyisarightthestateowesthecriminalanditshouldnotdenyhimhisdue.

Modernjuristshavetriedtoreplaceretributivejusticewiththenotionofcorrectivejustice.Theaimofthelatterisnottoabandontheconceptofequalitybuttofindamoreadequatewaytoexpressit.Ittriestopreservetheideaofequalopportunityforeachindividualtorealizethebestthatisinhim.Thecriminalisregardedasbeingsociallyillandinneedoftreatmentthatwillenablehimtobecomeanormalmemberofsociety.Beforeatreatmentcanbeadministered,thecausesofhisantisocialbehaviormustbefound.Ifthecausecanberemoved,provisionsmustbemadetohavethisdone.

Onlythosecriminalswhoareincurableshouldbepermanentlyseparatedfromtherestofthesociety.Thisdoesnotmeanthatcriminalswillescapepunishmentorbequicklyreturnedtotakeupcareersofcrime.Itmeansthatjusticeistohealtheindividual,notsimplytogetevenwithhim.Ifseverepunishmentistheonlyadequatemeansforaccompanyingthis,itshouldbeadministered.However,theindividualshouldbegiveneveryopportunitytoassumeanormalplaceinsociety.Hisconvictionofcrimemustnotdeprivehimoftheopportunitytomakehiswayinthesocietyofwhichheisapart.

1.Thebesttitleforthispassageis（）.

2.Thepassageimpliesthatthebasicdifferencebetweenretributivejusticeandcorrectivejusticeisthe（）.

3.Thepunishmentthatwouldbemostinconsistentwiththeviewsofcorrectivejusticewouldbe（）.

4.TheBiblicalexpression“aneyeforaneye,andatoothforatooth”waspresentedinorderto（）.

问题1选项

A.FittingPunishmenttotheCrime

B.ApproachestoJustPunishment

C.ImprovementinLegalJustice

D.AttainingJusticeintheCourts

问题2选项

A.typeofcrimethatwasproven

B.severityofthepunishment

C.reasonforthesentence

D.outcomeofthetrial

问题3选项

A.forcedlabour

B.imprisonment

C.fairsentence

D.theelectricchair

问题4选项

A.provethatequalitydemandsjustpunishment

B.justifytheneedforpunishmentasapartoflaw

C.givemoralbacktoretributivejustice

D.showthatmanhaslongbeeninterestedinjustice

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:D

【解析】第1题:1.【选项释义】

1.Thebesttitleforthispassageis______.1.这篇文章最好的题目是______。

A.FittingPunishmenttotheCrimeA.对罪行的适当惩罚

B.ApproachestoJustPunishmentB.公正惩罚的方法

C.ImprovementinLegalJusticeC.加强司法公正

D.AttainingJusticeintheCourtsD.在法庭上获得公正

【考查点】主旨大意题。

【解题思路】首先定位文章段落中心句，第一段首句“社会的正义必须包括对被告的公平审判和对被证明有罪的人选择适当的惩罚”，第二段首句“现代法学家试图用纠正正义的概念来取代报应正义”以及第三段首句“只有那些无法治愈的罪犯才应该与社会的其他部分永久隔离”；然后，文章的行文结构是总分结构，也就是说第一段中心句为文章的主旨，即公正惩罚的途径，所以B项“公正惩罚的方法”符合文章主旨。

【干扰项排除】A项“对罪行的适当惩罚”、C项“加强司法公正”和D项“在法庭上获得公正”都是以偏概全。

第2题:2.【选项释义】

2.Thepassageimpliesthatthebasicdifferencebetweenretributivejusticeandcorrectivejusticeisthe______.2.这篇文章暗示了报应正义和纠正正义的根本区别是______。

A.typeofcrimethatwasprovenA.被证实的犯罪类型

B.severityofthepunishmentB.惩罚的严厉程度

C.reasonforthesentenceC.判刑的原因

D.outcomeofthetrialD.审判的结果

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据关键词retributivejustice和correctivejustice定位至文章第二段，第二和第三句提到“后者（纠正正义）的目的不是要放弃平等的概念，而是要找到一种更适当的方式来表达它。它试图保持这样一种理念（Ittriestopreservetheidea），即每个人都有平等的机会去实现自己最好的一面。”，从中可知，两种司法审判类型不同的根本原因在于司法理念的不同，所以两者之间最主要的差异应该是判刑的原因。故该题选择C项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A项“被证实的犯罪类型”和D项“审判的结果”没有提及，无中生有；

B项“惩罚的严厉程度”是德国唯心主义者黑格尔的观点，与题干无关，张冠李戴。

第3题:3.【选项释义】

3.Thepunishmentthatwouldbemostinconsistentwiththeviewsofcorrectivejusticewouldbe______.3.最不符合纠正正义观点的惩罚是______。

A.forcedlaborA.强迫劳动

B.imprisonmentB.监禁

C.fairsentenceC.公平判决

D.theelectricchairD.电椅

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据correctivejustice可以定位到第二段对correctivejustice的描述：它试图保持这样一种理念，即每个人都有平等的机会去实现自己最好的一面。罪犯被认为患有社会疾病，需要治疗，以使他成为社会的正常成员。在进行治疗之前，必须找出他反社会行为的原因。如果原因可以消除，就必须做出规定来做到这一点。从中可知，根据“correctivejustice”的理论，要先找出犯人犯罪的原因并想办法消除它；对犯人可以采取严厉的惩罚，但惩罚是为使犯人改过，不是为了使其得到相应的报应，四个选项中D项“电椅”是极端的做法，不符合此理论。故该题选择D项正确。

【干扰项排除】A项“强迫劳动”、B项“监禁”和C项“公平判决”都符合纠正正义的理论，属于反向干扰。

第4题:4.【选项释义】

4.TheBiblicalexpression“aneyeforaneye,andatoothforatooth”waspresentedinorder______.4.《圣经》中的表达“以眼还眼，以牙还牙”是为了______。

A.provethatequalitydemandsjustpunishmentA.证明平等需要公正的惩罚

B.justifytheneedforpunishmentasapartoflawB.证明惩罚是法律的一部分

C.givemoralbacktoretributivejusticeC.将道德还给报应正义

D.showthatmanhaslongbeeninterestedinjusticeD.表明人类长期以来对正义很感兴趣

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位第一段第二和第三句“由于正义被视为平等的一种形式，我们在它的早期表达中发现了惩罚等于犯罪的想法（wefindinitsearlierexpressiontheideaofapunishmentequaltothecrime）。《圣经》中有这样一种说法：‘以眼还眼，以牙还牙。’”，从中得知，正义在很久以前就已经以另外一种形式出现，即惩罚等于犯罪；在这里作者没有表达或反驳任何观点，只是做了介绍说明；综合理解可知，文章中使用《圣经》中的表达“以眼还眼，以牙还牙”是为了表明人类长期以来对正义很感兴趣。故该题选择D项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A项“证明平等需要公正的惩罚”没有体现，无中生有；

B项“证明惩罚是法律的一部分”表述错误，惩罚只是对现代法律文件和程序的许多部分的反映，而不是其中一部分，曲解原文；

C项“将道德还给报应正义”是第二段内容，与题干无关，张冠李戴。

4.单选题

“ThatEnglishfellow’ssongsareveryportic.”“（）thewordstothesongs,buthealsocomposesthemusic.”

问题1选项

A.Healsowrite

B.Althoughhewrites

C.Notonlydoeshewrite

D.Itisnotallthathewrites

【答案】C

【解析】notonly...butalso...为固定搭配。句意：他不仅自己作词,还自己作曲。

5.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.

Afteryearsofexpansion,thesmartphonemarketispeaking.Somefirmsstillthrive:China'sHuawei,atelecomsgiant,predictsthatrevenuesfromitsconsumer-devicesdivisionwillrisebyabout50%thisyear.ButXiaomi,aninnovativeelectronicsfirmonceseenasChina'sanswertoApple,islosingsteam.AppleitselfannouncedweakerresultsonApril26th.RevenuesfromsalesingreaterChinafellby26%yearonyear.Asthemarketfordevicesmatures,however,consumerspendingisshiftingtoservices:datausagehasgrownattriple-digitratessince2012.

UntillastyearhousepriceswererisingpredominantlyinprosperouscentralLondonboroughs.Thatwaslargelybecauseofaninfluxofcash-richbuyers,saysNealHudsonofSavills,anestateagency.Peoplesawposhpropertyinthecapitalasashelterfromeconomicturmoilabroad.ElsewhereinBritain,however,thehousingmarketwastorpid.Potentialbuyersstruggledtofindmortgages.Fallingrealwages,economicuncertaintyandthememoryofplummetinghousepricesduringthecrisiscurbedtheobsessionwithpropertyintheseareas.

【答案】经过多年的扩张，智能手机市场正处于顶峰状态。一些企业仍在茁壮成长：中国电信巨头华为预测，其自身消费设备部门今年的收入将增长约50%。然而，曾经被看成是中国对苹果公司竞争回应的一家创新性电子公司小米却正在失去收入增加的动力。在4月26日，苹果自己也宣布了较弱的业绩。苹果在大中华地区销售额同比下降26%。然而，随着电子设备市场的成熟，消费者的支出也正在转向服务方面：自2012年以来，数据流量使用一直保持三位数的增长率。

直到去年，在繁荣的伦敦市中心地区的房价一直在显著上升。房地产中介第一太平戴维斯公司(SaviHs)的尼尔•哈德逊(NealHudson)声称，这在很大程度上是因为现金充裕的买家涌入。人们把首都的高档房产看作是国外经济动荡的避风港。然而，在英国的其他地方，房地产市场却是萎靡不振的。潜在买家为了找到抵押贷款而苦苦挣扎。在经济危机期间，实际工资的下降、经济的不稳定性和对房价暴跌的记忆都遏制了英国人对这些地区房地产的痴迷。

6.单选题

Mendifferfromanimals（）theycanthinkandspeak.

问题1选项

A.forwhich

B.forthat

C.inthat

D.inwhich

【答案】C

【解析】考查原因状语从句。A选项forwhich和D选项inwhich引导的是定语从句，排除A，D；B选项forthat不能引导从句，排除B。C选项inthat意思是“因为”，引导原因状语从句。句意：人不同于动物，因为人会思考和说话。因此C选项正确。

7.问答题

Amidthemultipleviolentincidents,acrackdownonterrorisminallformshasbeenaddedto

A

B

China’stoppriorities.Thegovernmentcalledonimprovedintelligencecollection,integrated

C

preventionandcontrolmeasures,andbetterearly-warningandemergencyresponsecapabilities

D

soastoleavenoloopholesforterroriststoexploit.

【答案】试题答案：D;controlling

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词且and连接的为并列成分，需用一个形容词来修饰名词measures，因此用control的现在分词形式controlling作定语。

8.单选题

Manycountriesarefacingthequestionofhowto（

）thebestofmodemtechnologywithoutlosingthebenefitsoftheirtraditionalwayoflife.

问题1选项

A.assimilate

B.utilize

C.extinguish

D.elude

【答案】B

【解析】动词词义辨析。Assimilate“同化”；utilize“利用”；extinguish“熄火，压制”；elude“避开，逃避”。句意：许多国家都面临着如何在不丧失其传统生活方式的好处的情况下，充分利用现代技术的问题。选项B符合题意。

9.单选题

Newtechnologylinkstheworldasneverbefore.Ourplanethasshrunk.It'snowa"globalvillage"wherecountriesareonlysecondsawaybyfaxorphoneorsatellitelink.And,ofcourse,ourabilitytobenefitfromthishigh-techcommunicationsequipmentisgreatlyenhancedbyforeignlanguageskills

Deeplyinvolvedwiththisnewtechnologyisabreedofmodernbusinesspeoplewhohaveagrowingrespectfortheeconomicvalueofdoingbusinessabroad.Inmodernmarkets,successoverseasoftenhelpsupportdomesticbusinessefforts.

Overseasassignmentsarebecomingincreasinglyimportanttoadvancementwithinexecutiveranks.Theexecutivestationedinanothercountrynolongerneedfearbeing"outofsightandoutofmind."Heorshecanbesurethattheoverseaseffortiscentraltothecompany'splanforsuccess,andthatpromotionsoftenfolloworaccompanyanassignmentabroad.Ifanemployeecansucceedinadifficultassignmentoverseas,superiorswillhavegreaterconfidenceinhisorherabilitytocopebackintheUnitedSateswherecross-culturalconsiderationsandforeignlanguageissuesarebecomingmoreandmoreprevalent.

Thankstoavarietyofrelativelyinexpensivecommunicationsdeviceswithbusinessapplications,evensmallbusinessesintheUnitedStatesareabletogetintointernationalmarkets.

Englishisstilltheinternationallanguageofbusiness.Butthereisanever-growingneedforpeoplewhocanspeakanotherlanguage.Asecondlanguageisn'tgenerallyrequiredtogetajobinbusiness,buthavinglanguageskillsgivesacandidatetheedgewhenotherqualificationsappeartobeequal.

Theemployeepostedabroadwhospeaksthecountry'sprincipallanguagehasanopportunitytofast-forwardcertainnegotiations,andcanhavetheculturalinsighttoknowwhenitisbettertomovemoreslowly.Theemployeeatthehomeofficewhocancommunicatewellwithforeignclientsoverthetelephoneorbyfaxmachineisanobviousassettothefirm.

1.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardhightechcommunicationsequipment?

2.Withtheincreaseduseofhigh-techcommunicationsequipment,businesspeople（）.

3.Inthispassage,"outofsightandoutofmind"(Lines2-3,Para.3)probablymeans（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisanimportantconsiderationofinternationalcorporationsinemployingpeopletoday?

5.Theadvantageofemployeeshavingforeignlanguageskillsisthattheycan（）.

问题1选项

A.Critical

B.Indifferent

C.Prejudiced

D.Positive

问题2选项

A.havetogetfamiliarwithmoderntechnology

B.aregainingmoreeconomicbenefitsfromdomesticoperations

C.areattachingmoreimportancetotheiroverseasbusiness

D.areeagertoworkoverseas

问题3选项

A.beingunabletothinkproperlyforlackofinsight

B.beingtotallyoutoftouchwithbusinessathome

C.missingopportunitiesforpromotionwhenabroad

D.leavingallcareandworthybehind

问题4选项

A.Connectionswithbusinessoverseas

B.Abilitytospeaktheclient'slanguage.

C.Technicalknowledge

D.Businessexperience

问题5选项

A.bettercontrolthewholenegotiationprocess

B.easilyfindnewapproachestomeetmarketneeds

C.fast-forwardtheirproposalstoheadquarters

D.easilymakefriendswithbusinesspeopleabroad

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.事实细节题。A项“批评的”，B项“漠视的，中立的”，C项“有偏见的”，D项“积极肯定的”。文章第一段提到“...ourabilitytobenefitfromthishigh-techcommunicationsequipmentisgreatlyenhancedbyforeignlanguageskills我们从这种高科技通信设备中获益的能力因外语技能而大大提高”可知D项符合题意，故选D。

2.事实细节题。A项“必须熟悉现代技术”，B项“从国内业务中获得更多的经济效益”，C项“更重视他们的海外业务”，D项“渴望去海外工作”。文章第二段提到“Deeplyinvolvedwiththisnewtechnologyisabreedofmodernbusinesspeoplewhohaveagrowingrespectfortheeconomicvalueofdoingbusinessabroad.深入参与这项新技术的是一群现代商人，他们越来越重视跨国商业的经济价值”可知C项正确。

3.词汇题。A项“因为缺乏洞察力而无法正确思考”；B项“与国内业务完全脱节”；C项“在国外失去晋升的机会”，D项“完全置之度外”。文章第三段提到“Heorshecanbesurethattheoverseaseffortiscentraltothecompany'splanforsuccess,andthatpromotionsoftenfolloworaccompanyanassignmentabroad.他或她可以确定，海外业务是公司成功计划的核心，外派往往意味着升职”是对"outofsightandoutofmind."的补充说明，选项C最符合题意，故选C。

4.判断推理题。A项“与海外商业的联系”，B项“能说驻国语”，C项“技术知识”，D项“商业经验”。最后一段提到“Theemployeepostedabroadwhospeaksthecountry'sprincipallanguagehasanopportunitytofast-forwardcertainnegotiations,andcanhavetheculturalinsighttoknowwhenitisbettertomovemoreslowly.外派员工能说驻国语，有机会快速推进某些谈判，并能有文化洞察力，知道何时更好地较慢行动”可知B项是“当今国际公司在用人方面的一个重要考虑”，故选B。

5.事实细节题。A项“更好地控制整个谈判过程”，B项“很容易找到新的方法来满足市场需求”，C项“迅速向总部反馈他们的建议”，D项“容易与海外商人交朋友”。文章最后一段提到“Theemployeepostedabroadwhospeaksthecountry'sprincipallanguagehasanopportunitytofast-forwardcertainnegotiations,andcanhavetheculturalinsighttoknowwhenitisbettertomovemoreslowly.外派员工能说驻国语，有机会快速推进某些谈判，并能有文化洞察力，知道何时更好地较慢行动”，可知A项“更好地控制整个谈判的进程”正确。BCD三项在文中均未提及。

10.单选题

TheUnitedNationsConferenceonDrugAbuse,whichtookplaceearlierthisyearinVienna,wasavery（

）meeting.

问题1选项

A.productive

B.overwhelming

C.compulsory

D.protective

【答案】A

【解析】考察形容词词义辨析。productive“多产的，富有成效的”；overwhelming“压倒性的”；compulsory“强制的”；protective“保护的”。句意：今年早些时候联合国在维也纳召开的滥用药品大会取得了相当大的成果。选项A符合题意。

11.单选题

SomeofthewordsemployedbyShakespeareinhisworkshavebecome____andarenolongerusedinthepresentdays.

问题1选项

A.obsolete

B.obscene

C.obvious

D.oblique

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.obsolete废弃的B.obscene淫秽下流的；令人憎恶的

C.obvious明显的D.oblique隐晦的

【考查点】句间逻辑

【解题思路】根据and可知空格处所填词与后文“现在已经不再使用了（nolongerused）”为并列关系，前后语义一致，因此，A选项obsolete“废弃的”符合原文。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项不符合原文语义逻辑，没有依据。

【句意】莎士比亚作品中使用的一些单词已经废弃了，现在已经不再使用了。

12.单选题

Manycriticsagreedthatbyandlarge,thismoviewasasuccessintermsofactingandphotography.

问题1选项

A.allatonce

B.byandby

C.tosomeextent

D.onthewhole

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.allatonce突然B.byandby不久以后

C.tosomeextent在一定程度上D.onthewhole总的来说

【考查点】短语辨析

【解题思路】原文byandlarge的意思是“总的来说”，四个选项中与该短语意思最接近的是D选项onthewhole“总的来说”。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项与原文不符。

【句意】许多影评人一致认为，总的来说，这部电影在表演和摄影方面都是成功的。

13.单选题

Thesuccessorfailureofacaseoftenhingesonanorganizingprincipleknownasacasetheme.Forexample,thecasethemeinthetrialofErickandLyleMenendez,twobrothersaccusedofmurderingtheirparents,was“theabuseexcuse”;Thebrothersshouldbeexcusebecausetheyhadbeenseverelyabused.AprimarycasethemeoftheO.J.Simpsondefensewas“thepolicemessedupandplantedevidence.”

Themesaresimple,brief（onesentence!）statementsthatcapturetheessenceofyourargument.Youcontrolthelensthroughwhichthefactswillbeviewed.Foratriallawyer,thisisabsolutelycritical.Ifthelawyerfailstoestablishacasetheme,heorshegivesopposingcounseltheadvantage.Orevenworse,thelisteners,orthoseyouaretryingtopersuade,willadoptthethemesuggestedtothembyyouradversary.Whoevercontrolsthedefinitionofthecaseisinevitablytheonewiththepower.

Justasathemegivesthelistenersageneralizingprinciplearoundwhichinformationcanbeorganized,sotoodoesitgiveyouone.Thegreattriallawyersemphasizetheneedforanoverallstrategyaswellasday-to-daytactics.Acasethemeembodiesalawyer'soverallstrategyinanutshellandhelpsherorganizethecasesothatshealwaysstaysontargetuseathemetohelpyoustaywellandeasilyfocusedontheoverallthrustofyourpresentation.

Agoodcasethemealsogreatlyenhancesyourcredibility.（41）Whenyouestablishasuccinct,easy-to-remember,youletpeopleknow-well-definedandthoughtourpointofview.Suchspecificityaddstoyourperceivedcompetenceandtrustworthiness.Remember:successfultriallawyersareneverwishy-washy.

1.Thecaseinvolvingtwobrotherkillersdemonstratesthat（）.

2.Themessageofthispassageisthat（）.

3.Agoodcasethemecanprevent（）.

4.Anadditionalmeritofagoodcasethemeisthatyoumay（）.

5.Thelastword“wishy-washy”isclosestinmeaningto（）.

问题1选项

A.evenmurdersmaybeexcusedsometimes

B.awell-definedargumentcanwinadifficultcase

C.childabusersshouldbedulypunished

D.upholdingjusticeisthemostimportantincourt

问题2选项

A.goodlawyersareofcriticalimportanceinalawsuit

B.legalproceduressometimesmayrunoutofcontrol

C.murdercasescanbemanipulatedaspeoplewish

D.awell-definedfocusingpointisakeytowinacase

问题3选项

A.thetriallawyerfromlosinghisorhertargetindefense

B.theopposingsidefromformingtheircasetheme

C.audiencefrombeingeasilypersuaded

D.thosewhohavepowerfromcontrollingthetrial

问题4选项

A.getmoreinformation

B.controltheopposingside

C.proveyourcompetence

D.trustthejuryandthejudge

问题5选项

A.indecisive

B.imaginative

C.inadequate

D.illogical

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.推理判断题。由第一段“Thesuccessorfailureofacaseoftenhingesonanorganizingprincipleknownasacasetheme.Forexample,thecasethemeinthetrialofErickandLyleMenendez,twobrothersaccusedofmurderingtheirparents,was“theabuseexcuse”;Thebrothersshouldbeexcusebecausetheyhadbeenseverelyabused.案例的成功或失败往往取决于一个被称为案例主题的组织原则。例如，Erick和LyleMenendez两兄弟被控谋杀他们的父母，他们的审判主题是“为虐待申辩”;兄弟俩应该得到原谅，因为他们受到了严重的虐待。”该案例中两兄弟杀害父母却得到了原谅，原因是他们被父母严重虐待，由此可知公平在法庭中起非常重要的作用。故D项正确。ABC三项均不能说明该案件体现的道理。

2.主旨大意题。第一段开头就提到了Thesuccessorfailureofacaseoftenhingesonanorganizingprincipleknownasacasetheme.案例的成功或失败往往取决于一个被称为案例主题的组织原则。接下来的段落都是围绕casetheme展开论述。全文主要讲述了一个好的案例主题（焦点）是赢得官司的关键。故D项正确。

3.判断推理题。由第三段Thegreattriallawyersemphasizetheneedforanoverallstrategyaswellasday-to-daytactics.Acasethemeembodiesalawyer'soverallstrategyinanutshellandhelpsherorganizethecasesothatshealwaysstaysontargetuseathemetohelpyoustaywellandeasilyfocusedontheoverallthrustofyourpresentation.伟大的辩护律师强调整体战略和日常战术的必要性。案例主题概括地体现了律师的总体策略，并帮助她组织案例，使她始终紧扣主题，帮助你保持良好的状态，轻松地聚焦于陈述的总体主旨。可知好的案例主题能使辩护律师在辩护时始终聚焦于主题，不会走偏。故A项正确。

4.判断推理题。由第二段Ifthelawyerfailstoestablishacasetheme,heorshegivesopposingcounseltheadvantage.Orevenworse,thelisteners,orthoseyouaretryingtopersuade,willadoptthethemesuggestedtothembyyouradversary.如果律师未能确立案件主题，他或她就会给予对方律师优势。更糟糕的是，听众或你试图说服的人会采用你的对手建议的主题。由此可知一个好的案件主题能控制反方。

5.词义题。Whenyouestablishasuccinct,easy-to-remember,youletpeopleknow-well-definedandthought-ourpointofview.Suchspecificityaddstoyourperceivedcompetenceandtrustworthiness.Remember:successfultriallawyersareneverwishy-washy.当你建立一个简洁的，易于记忆的案件主题时，你让人们明确地知道我们的观点。这种专一性会增加你的能力和可信度。记住:成功的辩护律师从不优柔寡断。indecisive犹豫不决的；imaginative富于想象力的，具有创造力的；inadequate不充足的；illogical不合逻辑的，不合理的。既然是成功的辩护律师的特点，那应该用褒义词，故先排除CD两项。B项“富有想象力的”不是律师的特点，相反律师是依据事实说话。故A项正确。

14.单选题

Relieforganizationshavecontributed（

）moneytofamineinAfrica.

问题1选项

A.bothtimeand

B.timebut

C.neithertimeand

D.neithertimenor

【答案】A

【解析】考查连接词的用法。句意：救援组织为非洲的饥荒出钱出力。选项A符合题意。

15.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintogoodEnglish.

明末清初之际，中国与欧美国家之间开始了具有近代意义的文化交流，这就是西方近代科学知识的东渐和以儒学为中心的中国传统文化的西传。对中国来说，这是继印度佛教文化传入中国之后，中国文化又一次大规模地对外来文化的吸收时期。在明末清初的100多年间，伴随着西方传教士的到来，中西文化的相互传播与交流进入了一个新的历史时期。

西藏的发展进步符合人类社会的发展规律。由传统的农牧业经济到现代市场经济，由政教合一至政教分离，由专制到民主，由迷信到科学，由封闭到开放，是人类社会普遍的发展规律。西藏60多年的发展正是遵循了这个规律和总趋势。

当今世界正在发生广泛而深刻的变化。由于经济全球化与信息化的发展，科学技术迅猛进步，世界变成了“地球村”。各国相互联系，相互依存，利益交融达到了前所未有的程度，需要携手应对的问题越来越多，互利合作的愿望越来越强，从某种意义上讲，世界已是一种“利益共同体”。

【答案】1.ChinabegantohaverealculturalexchangeswithEuropeanandAmericancountriesinthelateMingDynastyandtheearlyQingDynasty,whichiswhatisoftencalledXiXueDongJianinChinese—theintroductionofmodernWesternscience,technologyandculturetoChina—andDongXueXiJianinChinese—theintroductionoftraditionalChineseculturecenteredonConfucianismtotheWest.ThisturnedouttobethesecondperiodforChinatoabsorbandassimilateforeignculturesonalargescalefollowingtheintroductionofIndia’sBuddhistculturetoChina.Inaspanof100yearsbetweenthelateMingDynastyandtheearlyQingDynasty,withthearrivalofWesternmissionaries,thespreadanddiffusionofChineseandWesternculturesbothentereduponanewphaseofhistory.

2.ThedevelopmentandprogressofTibetisinaccordwiththerulesforthedevelopmentofhumansociety.Fromtraditionalagricultureandanimalhusbandrytoamodernmarketeconomy,fromtheintegrationofpoliticalandreligiouspowerstotheirseparation,fromautocracytodemocracy,superstitiontoscience,andisolationtoopenness—thesearethegenericlawsforthedevelopmentofhumansociety.Overthepast60yearsofitsdevelopment,Tibethasunfailinglyfollowedtheserulesandthegeneraltrend.

3.Theworldtodayisundergoingextensiveandprofoundchanges.Ithasbecome“aglobalvillage”duetotheeconomicglobalization,developmentofinformation,andtherapidadvanceofscienceandtechnology.Countriesaremorecloselylinkedandinterdependentwiththeirinterestsmorecloselyintertwinedthaneverbefore.Therearemoreandmoreissuesthatneedjointresponse,andthereisagrowingdesireformutuallybeneficialcooperation.Tosomeextent,theworldhasbecomeacommunityofinterest.

16.单选题

ManystatesinAmericahavepassedlawsthatsaychildrencannotbeenrolledinschoolsordaycareunlesstheyhavebeen______againsttetanus,diphtheria,measles,mumpsandwhoppingcough.

问题1选项

A.diagnosed

B.concurred

C.immunized

D.infected

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项diagnose表示“诊断，断定”，B项concur表示“同意，一致，互助”，C项immunize表示“赋予免疫性，（尤指通过注射疫苗）使免疫”，D项infect表示“感染，传染”。根据unless（除非）可知，后面的句子表示条件，结合前面的句子childrencannotbeenrolledinschoolsordaycare（儿童不能上学或上托儿所）以及后面的tetanus（破伤风）、diphtheria（白喉）等词，可知“使免疫”符合语境。句意：美国许多州都通过了法律，规定儿童不能上学或上托儿所，除非他们已经接种了预防破伤风、白喉、麻疹、腮腺炎和百日咳的疫苗。因此，该题选择C项正确。

17.单选题

Whenevertwoormoreunusualtraitsorsituationsarefoundinthesameplace,itistemptingtolookformorethanacoincidentalrelationshipbetweenthem.ThehighHimalayasandtheTibetanplateaucertainlyhaveextraordinaryphysicalcharacteristicsandthecultureswhicharefoundtherearealsounusual,thoughnotunique.However,thereisnointentionofadoptingMontesquieu'sviewofclimateandsoilasculturaldeterminants.Theecologyofaregionmerelyposessomeoftheproblemsfacedbytheinhabitantsoftheregion,andwhiletheproblemsfacingacultureareimportanttoitsdevelopment,theydonotdetermineit.

TheappearanceoftheHimalayasduringthelateTertiaryPeriodandtheaccompanyingfurtherraisingofthepreviouslyestablishedrageshadamarkedeffectontheclimateoftheregion.Primarily,ofcourse,itblockedtheIndianmonsoon（季风）fromreachingCentralAsiaatall.Secondarily,airandmoisturefromotherdirectionswerealsoreduced.

PriortotheraisingoftheHimalayas,thelandnowformingtheTibetanuplandshadadry,

continentalclimatewithvegetationandanimallifesimilartothatofmuchoftherestoftheregiononthesameparallel,butsomewhatdifferentthanthatoftheareasfarthernorth,whichwerealreadydrier.WiththecomingoftheHimalayasandtherelativelysuddendryingoutoftheregion,therewasaseverethinningoutoftheanimalandplantpopulation.TheensuingincompletePleistoceneglaciations（冰蚀）hadafurtherthinningeffect,butsignificantlydidnotwipeoutlifeinthearea.Thusaftertheendoftheglaciationstherewereonlyafewvarietiesoflifeextantfromtheoriginalcontinentalspecies.IsolatedbytheKunlunrangefromtheTarimbasinandTurfandepression,specieswhichhadalreadyadaptedtothedrysteppeclimate,andwouldotherwisehavebeenexpectedtoflourishinTibetan,theremainingnativefaunaandflora（动植物）multiplied.ArmanddescribestheTibetanfaunaasnothavinggreatvariety,butbeing"striking”intheabundanceoftheparticularspeciesthatarepresent.Theplantlifeissimilarlylimitedinvariety,withsomeobserversfindingnomorethanseventyvarietiesofplantsineventherelativelyfertileEasternTibetanvalleys;withfewerthant