考研考博-英语-宁波财经学院考试押题三合一+答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-宁波财经学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Therealitydoesnotalways（

）toone’sexpectations.

问题1选项

A.contribute

B.add

C.amount

D.correspond

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项contribute“贡献；出力”；B选项add“增加”；C选项amount“总计；合计；等于”；D选项correspond“符合；相应”。句意：现实并不总是尽如人意。句中的reality“现实”和expectation“期望”之间应有的关系是“符合”，因此D选项正确。

2.单选题

Heopenedhislipsasif（）something.

问题1选项

A.saying

B.havingsaid

C.tohavesaid

D.tosay

【答案】D

【解析】考查asif的用法。asif引导从句，结构是“主语+系动词”，并且主语跟系动词都可以省略。本句完整的句子应该是：heopenedhislipsasifhewasgoingtosaysomething.其中asif引导的从句的主语跟系动词可以省略，所以选项D符合题意。

3.单选题

InScotland,asintherestoftheUnitedKingdom,（）schoolingbeginsatage5andendsatage16.

问题1选项

A.compelling

B.forced

C.obliged

D.compulsory

【答案】D

【解析】compulsoryschooling指义务教育,为习惯用法。compelling引人注目的；forced强迫的；obliged感激的,有责任的；compulsory义务的,必修的。句意：和在英国其他地方一样,苏格兰的义务教育从5岁开始,到16岁结束。选项D正确。

4.单选题

Somereaders,especiallychildren,findhisworksamongthemost（）bookstheyeverread.

问题1选项

A.captivating

B.captivated

C.capturable

D.captious

【答案】A

【解析】考查形近词辨析。captivating“迷人的，有魅力的”；captivated“迷住，迷惑”，是captivate的过去分词形式；capturable“可捕获的”；captious“挑剔的，吹毛求疵的”。句意：一些读者，尤其是孩子们，发现他的作品是他们读过最……。此处需填入形容词，根据句意，A选项符合。

5.单选题

DuringthedecadesaftertheUnitedStatesCivilWar,ahostoftechnicaladvancesmadepossible（）anduniformityofrailroadservice.

问题1选项

A.andanewintegration

B.foranewintegration

C.thatanewintegration

D.anewintegration

【答案】D

【解析】考查语法。B项made后面没有了宾语；C项that后面没有谓语，无法构成从句；A项made后面没有了宾语，而且and前后也不是平行结构。故D项正确。句意：在美国内战之后的几十年里,大量的技术进步使铁路服务重新整合保持一致性成为可能。

6.单选题

Kazakhstanisto（）businessregistrationproceduresbylesseningthenumberofthedocumentsforbusinessregistration.

问题1选项

A.simplify

B.signify

C.stimulate

D.stipulate

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。simplify简化；signify表示，意味着；stimulate刺激，鼓舞；stipulate规定，保证。由lessening…可知哈萨克斯坦正在减少办理商业登记的文件数量，目的是为了简化商业登记手续。故空格处所填单词与lessening意思接近，A项符合题意。

7.单选题

Withintenyearstheyhavetamedthe（

）hillintogreenwoods.

问题1选项

A.vacant

B.barren

C.weird

D.wasteful

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项vacant“空虚的；空的；空闲的”；B选项barren“贫瘠的，荒芜的；不生育的；无益的”；C选项weird“怪异的；超自然的”；D选项wasteful“浪费的；不经济的；奢侈的”。句意：十年之内，他们将那座……山开垦成了绿林。由句意可知此处表示“荒山”，能表示此义的只有B选项barrenhill“荒山”。

8.单选题

Themostprominentcharacteristicsofhandwritingareundoubtedlyletterformationandslant.

问题1选项

A.presumably

B.inmanycases

C.surely

D.withoutbias

【答案】C

【解析】presumably大概，推测起来，可假定；inmanycases在许多情况下；surely当然，无疑；withoutbias不偏不倚。undoubtedly意为毫无疑问地，选项C与之意思最为相近。

9.单选题

Mostforeigntouristsdon’tfindluxurioushotelsveryattractive.Theyprefertheirholidaystobeexotic.

问题1选项

A.inexpensive

B.economical

C.plain

D.unusual

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项inexpensive“便宜的”；B选项economical“经济的”；C选项plain“朴素的”；D选项unusual“不同寻常的”。句意：大多数外国游客不觉得豪华旅馆有吸引力。他们喜欢有异国情调的假期。划线部分exotic是异国情调的意思。因此D选项正确。

10.单选题

Learningisuniqueanddependentonmanyfactors,manyoftheminternaland（

）totheindividual.

问题1选项

A.intrinsic

B.narrative

C.primitive

D.emphatic

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。intrinsic“本质的，固有的”；narrative“叙事的”；primitive“原始的”；emphatic“强调的”。句意：学习非常独特，取决于多种因素，这些因素对个体而言既是内在的，也是与生俱来的。选项A符合句意。

11.单选题

Huntingisthoughttobe（）fortheextinctionofsomewildlife.

问题1选项

A.responsible

B.blamed

C.charged

D.denounced

【答案】A

【解析】形容词词义辨析。responsible“负责任的”，词组beresponsiblefor“承担……责任”，tobeblamefor“应受责备”，bechargedwith“”被控告”，denounce“公然抨击”，句意：野生动物灭绝的原因应该归咎于狩猎。选项A符合题意。

12.单选题

Afterhavingdiscussedthematterwiththebankmanger,Peter（）receivedhisIoan.

问题1选项

A.instantly

B.instinctively

C.causally

D.inexpertly

【答案】A

【解析】句意:在与银行经理讨论这件事后，Peter即刻就得到了贷款。

考查副词辨析。instantly立刻，立即，马上；instinctively本能地；causally随便地，偶然地，临吋地；inexpertly外行地，不熟练地。因此A符合句意。

13.翻译题

Directions:TranslatethefollowingfiveunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheet.

1.Chinesedealers，collectorsandartlovershavebeenoutinforceatChristie’s,whichisauctioningtheartcollectionofRobertHatfieldEllsworthinfivedaysofsalesthatbeginonTuesday,withaweekofonlinesalestofollow.Ellsworth，areveredconnoisseurwhodiedlastyear,amassedoneofthefinestprivatecollectionsofAsianartintheWest,andthepresaleestimatestotal$35million.JinZhao,whocollectsTangandSongdynastyporcelaininasmallway,flewinfromTianjin,China,hopingtopickuponeortwopieces.“It'sworthit,”hesaid“Thisisaverygreatcollection.”

TheEllsworthsaleputsagiantexclamationpointonAsiaWeek,anannualeventthatmakesNewYorktheprimedestinationfordealers,museumcurators,scholarsandcollectorsfromaroundtheworld,avariedgroupthatincludedsharp-eyedyoungcollectorsindownjacketsandjeans,middle-ageddealershuntingtheirquarryinsmallpacks,tweedyconnoisseursandChinesewomendresseduptoMingvasestandards.

2.“ItisthelargestgroupofAsianartonthefaceoftheearth/’saidJavXu,directorofthe

AsianArtMuseuminSanFrancisco,whoisleadingateamofabouttwodozencurators,boardmembers,collectorsanddonorstoNewYorkforanexcitedroundoflooking,meeting,greeting,publicizingandacquiring.“Itisveryrich.”

Mr.Xuwasreferringtotheweek'sevents:theexhibits,oftenmuseumquality,atthemorethan40dealerswhoparticipateinAsiaWeek;theshowsandlecturesatinstitutionslikeAsiaSocietyandtheJapanSociety;thetwodozenauctionsofAsianartatSotheby's,Christie’s，BonhamsandDoyle;andbenefitpartiesliketheoneattheMetropolitanMuseumofArttocelebratethecentenaryofitsAsianartdepartment.

Lessthan10yearsago,themarketforAsianartinNewYorklookedquitedifferent.3.TheInternationalAsianArtFair,heldformanyyearsattheParkAvenueArmory,wentbustattheendof2008,avictimoftheeconomicdownturn.

4.Ms.MirvissandtheKoreanartdealerJiyoungKoohastilyorganizedanassociationof16dealers,whichtheycalledAsianArtDealersoftheUpperEastSide,toholdopenhousesthat,collectively,wouldreplacetheartfair.Atthesametime,ahalf-dozendealersmakinguptheJapaneseArtDealersAssociationstagedtheirownshow,whichhasbecomeanannualevent.

Fromthesebeginnings,AsiaWeekquicklydevelopedintoitscurrenthybridform.“Wearenotanartfair,”saidCarolConover,thedirectorofKaikodoAsianArtandthechairwomanofAsiaWeek.“Wearesomethingverydifferent.Theintimacyofagalleryisdifferentthanbeingonafloorinabigroom.

5.AsiaWeekhasprosperedinadecadedominatedby

badeconomicnews,thanksalmostentirelytowealthyChinesedealersandcollectors,whosefreespendinganddeeppocketshaveledtothefirstAsiaWeekinParis,scheduledforJune,andanewbranchofArtBaselinHongKong,whichstartedonSundayandwillrunforthreedays.“ThedominantforceistheChinesebuyer,”Mr.Lallysaid.“Theybuy75to80percentoftheChineseartattheauctionhouses.”

Andtheyhavebeenshowingupindroves.FrancescaGalloway,aLondondealerinIndianartshowingatW.M.BradyCampCompany,onEast80thStreet,putitbluntly:“Ifyou'reacollectorandyou'renothere,you'renotinthegame.”

【答案】1.从周二开始，佳士得拍卖行将开始拍卖安思远（RobertHatfieldEllsworth）的藏品，为期五天，其后还将举办一周的在线销售，中国的经销商、收藏家和艺术爱好者们趋之若鹜。

2.“这是地球上最大的亚洲艺术精英人群了，”旧金山亚洲艺术博物馆馆长许杰（JayXu）说，他率领二十多名策展人、董事会成员、收藏家与捐赠者来到纽约，进行一系列热闹的参观、会面、寒暄、公关和购买活动。

3.国际亚洲艺术博览会多年来一直在公园大道军械库举行，最终于2008年底宣告破产，成了经济低迷的牺牲品。

4.默维斯和韩国艺术交易商JiyoungKoo与16位交易商仓促成立了“上东区亚洲艺术交易商协会”，他们联合举办公开活动，试图取代艺术博览会。

5.在这个经济不景气的十年，亚洲周却一直保持着繁荣昌盛，这多亏了富裕的中国交易商与收藏家们，他们出手慷慨，身家阔绰，因此今年六月，巴黎也要举办第一届亚洲周了，此外，香港也开办了巴塞尔艺术展的分展，于周日举行，持续三日。

14.单选题

AlthoughAsiancountriesaregenerallymore（）insocialcustomsthanWesterncountries,therehavebeenseveralnotableexamplesofwomenleadersinbothChinaandIndia.

问题1选项

A.conservative

B.confidential

C.comprehensible

D.consistent

【答案】A

【解析】句意:尽管亚洲国家在社会习俗上普遍比西方国家保守，但中国和印度都有几位女性领导人的典型例子。

考查形容词辨析。conservative保守的；confidential机密的；获信任的；comprehensible可理解的；consistent始终如一的，坚持的。此句后半部分表示:中国和印度都有几位女性领导人的典型例子，而且前面用了转折让步连词although，因此A符合句意。

15.单选题

_____inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.

问题1选项

A.Dressed

B.Todress

C.Dressing

D.Havingdressed

【答案】A

【解析】考查非谓语动词。dress的常用搭配是bedressedin和dresssb.，前者表示的是状态，后者表示动作。本句空格后有in，且表示的是一种状态，故用过去分词形式dressed。本题“dressedinawhiteuniform”，是对he的情况进行说明。句意：穿着白色的制服，他看起来更像厨师而不是医生。

16.单选题

AsforAnn,Iamnotsureabouther（）inItalian.

问题1选项

A.fluency

B.clarity

C.coherence

D.excellency

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项fluency“（语言，文章）流利”；B选项clarity“清晰，清楚”；C选项coherence“一致，连贯性”；D选项excellency“优点，美德”。句意：至于安，我不确定她的意大利语是否流利。选项A符合语境。

17.单选题

TheculturesofChinaandJapanhavesharedmanyfeatures,buteachhasusedthemaccordingtoitsnational（

）.

问题1选项

A.personality

B.temperament

C.interest

D.destiny

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。句意：中日两国文化有许多共同的特点，但两国都根据各自的国情发挥了这些特点。Nationaltemperament指“国情”，为常用搭配。选项B正确。

18.单选题

Manyinthebusinessworldacceptthatthesuccessofacommercialventureheavilydependentonthepeopleworkingwithinit.Peopleare（1）makeabusinesssuccessful,whetheritisthelowestpaidemployeeswithintheorganizationor（2）management.Engagedemployeesareusuallyhappyemployeeswhoaremore（3）astheyhaveanaturalandgenuineinterestinthe（4）oftheorganization.

Staffbecomesengagedbecauseofanumberofissuesanditisessentialthatbusinessownersandmanagers（5）theseemotions.However,thefirstpartofensuringthatpeopleareconnectedwithacommongoalistogetrecruitment

（6）.Recruitingshouldincludeanumberofquestions（7）atgettinganunderstandingofaperson'smotivationsanddesires.Oncerecruited,communicationiskeytoensuringthatlevelsofengagementdonotwane.Forinstance,changeisoften（8）withworkers.Howevertheyarefarmorelikelyto（9）intochangewhenthereasonsforitandthepotentialbenefitsareclearlylaidout.

Instillingasenseofprideandpassioninabrand,productorethosisvitalin（10）engagedemployees.Ifpeopleenjoywhattheydoandfeelempoweredtoshapethedirectionofacompany,theyarefarmorelikelytoproducebetterresultsandworktothebestoftheirability.

问题1选项

A.who

B.how

C.that

D.what

问题2选项

A.senior

B.chief

C.high

D.tall

问题3选项

A.productive

B.effective

C.valid

D.available

问题4选项

A.estates

B.assets

C.fortunes

D.possessions

问题5选项

A.apply

B.utilize

C.execute

D.hire

问题6选项

A.well

B.over

C.right

D.up

问题7选项

A.aimed

B.focused

C.intended

D.engaged

问题8选项

A.addictive

B.unpopular

C.satisfying

D.rewarding

问题9选项

A.shift

B.fall

C.buy

D.revolve

问题10选项

A.bearing

B.raising

C.feeding

D.delivering

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

第6题:C

第7题:A

第8题:B

第9题:A

第10题:B

【解析】第1题:考查连词。分析句子结构，可知“（）makeabusinesssuccessful”为表语从句，从句中缺少主语，排除how与that，再根据句意“人是使企业成功的关键”，因此用what引导表示从句并在句中做主语。

第2题:考查上下文语义。or表示并列关系，由前面的thelowestpaidemployeeswithintheorganization（组织内薪酬最低的员工）可知此处对应的是“高级管理层”，因此选A。

第3题:考查形容词辨析。productive意为“多产的”；effective意为“有效的”；valid意为“有根据的，有效的”；available意为“可获得的”。此处表示有参与感的员工通常是多产的。

第4题:考查名词辨析。estate意为“财产，遗产”；asset意为“资产，财产”；fortune意为“命运”；possession意为“拥有”。此处表示关注组织的命运。

第5题:考查动词辨析。apply意为“应用，运用”；utilize意为“利用，使用”；execute意为“执行”；hire意为“聘用”。此处表示企业主和管理者必须利用这些情绪。

第6题:考查副词辨析。well意为“相当，大大地”；over意为“穿过，落下”；right意为“合理地，正确地”；up意为“向上，在上面”；getrecruitment意为“招聘”，后面的内容提到如何招聘，可推测此处指正确地招聘，因此选C。

第7题:考查固定搭配。aimat意为“旨在，目标在于”。此句表示招聘应包括一些问题旨在了解一个人的动机和愿望。

第8题:考查上下文语义。beunpopularwith意为“不受欢迎”，此处表示改变往往不受员工欢迎。

第9题:考查动词辨析。shift意为“改变”；fall意为“落下”；buy意为“购买”；revolve意为“旋转，环绕”。此处表示当明确说明其原因和潜在利益时，他们更有可能发生改变。

第10题:考查上下文语义。bear意为“忍受”；raise意为“增加，提高”；feed意为“喂养”；deliver意为“发表，递送”。由后面的producebetterresultsandworktothebestoftheirability（获得更好的结果，并能最大限度地发挥他们的能力）可推测前面指提高员工的参与度，因此选B。

19.写作题

Writeanessayonthegiventopic.OnUnrestrainedConsumption.Basedonthefollowingoutline,presentyourargumentwithsupportingdetailsofnolessthan250words.

1.人们在节假日无节制消费

2.大量消费对个人和社会的影响

3.我的看法……

【答案】OnUnrestrainedConsumption

Ourcountryisonthephaseoffastdevelopmentandpeople'sconsuminglevelmountsupalongwithit,too.Althoughpeoplearewealthierthanbefore,therecomesaproblemthatisworthyofourpayingattentionto,namely.theproblemofunrestrainedconsumption.Itiscommontoseethatwhatpeoplepurchasedoesnotsimplymeettheirnecessaryneeds,butsurpassthem.Especiallywhenitcomestovacations,thephenomenonofunrestrainedconsumptioncanbeseenanywhere.Forexample,intherestaurantstherearealotofuntastedremainsofmealswhenpeopleleave.Inevitablybothindividualandsocietywillbeinfluencedgreatlybytheproblemofunrestrainedconsumption.

PersonalUnrestrainedconsumptionwillnotonlyaffectthequalityofhisownlifebutaffecthisfamilyaswell.Manyladiesareaccustomedtocomparingtheirdresseswithotherssotheybuyallkindsoffashionableandexpensivedressesbeyondtheirneeds,whichdirectlyindoctrinatetheirchildrenwithwrongconsumptionconcept.Asaresult,theirchildrenarelikelytoputthefashioninthefirstplace,regardlessofwhethertheycanaffordthoseexpensivethings.Besides,wecan'timaginewhereoursocietyisgoingtoifeveryone'saimistocontenttheirendlesslust.Inordertocatchupwiththerichwhoisinpossessionofvillasacrossthecountryenjoyingluxuriouslife,somepeopletryallmeanstomakemoneyandevenmakeuseofillegalmeans,whichsurelybringsinsecurefactorstooursociety.

AsfarasI'mconcerned,peopleshouldcontroltheirpurchasingdesireandconsumewisely.Howmuchtobuyreliesonourrealneedsandourincome.Ifeverybodycanthinkaboutthisproblemlikethis,oursocietywilldeveloppeacefullyandsteadily.

20.单选题

16-20

问题1选项

A.Becausehehaddifficultyswallowingit.

B.Becauseitwasupsettinghisstomach.

C.Becausehewasallergictoit.

D.Becauseitwastooexpensive.

问题2选项

A.Hecan’tplaysocceranymore.

B.Hehasaseriousfootproblem.

C.Heneedsanoperation.

D.Hehascancer.

问题3选项

A.Abloodtransfusion.

B.Anallergytest.

C.Aurinetest..

D.Abiopsy.

问题4选项

A.Toseeifhehascancer.

B.Toseeifhehasdepression.

C.Toseeifherequiressurgery.

D.Toseeifhehasfoodallergyproblem.

问题5选项

A.Relieved.

B.Anxious.

C.Angry.

D.Depressed.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】W:Hi,Patrick,howareyoufeelingtoday?

M:Abitbetter.

W:That’sgoodtohear.Areyoustillfeelingnausea?

M:No.(16)Ihaven’tfeltsicktomystomachsinceyouswitchedmymedication.

W.Great,say,yourtestresultcamethismorning

M:It’sabouttime.Isitgoodnewsorbad?

W:Iguessit'sabitofboth.Whichdoyouwantfirst?

M:Let’sgetthebadnewsoverwith.

W:OK.(17)Itlookslikeyouaregoingtoneedsurgerytoremoveyourtumorfromyourleg.Aftertheoperationyou’regoingtohavetostayoffyourfeetforatleast3weeks.Thatmeansnosoccer.

M:Well,Iwasafraidyouweregoingtosaythat.

W:Now.Forthegoodnews.(18)Thebiopsyshowsthetumorisbenignwhichmeansitisnotcancerous.We’regoingtotakeitoutanyway,justtobeonthesafeside.

M:(20)Wow,that’saloadoffmymind.Thanksdoctor.

W:Don’tgettooexcited,westillneedtogettothebottomofallthiswayofloathing...

M:Iprobablyhavejustbeensoworriedaboutstupidlump.

W:Thesethingsoftenarestress-related,butwe’restillgoingtodoafewbloodtestsjusttoruleafewthingsout.

M:Thingslikewhat?Cancer?

W:(19)Actually,Iamthinkingmorealongthelineoffoodallergy.

16.Whatdidthemanhavetoswitchthemedication?

【解析】病人说胃里很恶心（upset），因此医生考虑要换药（switchthemedication）。故本题答案为B。

17.Whatisthebadnewsfortheman?

【解析】医生说“Thatmeansnosoccer”，即不能踢球，但并非永远不能再踢球，而是3个星期没法踢球。导致这个结果的原因是该病人腿部需要做一个手术。因此本题正确答案为C。

18.Whatmedicalprocedureshavethemanalreadyundergone?

【解析】通过对话内容可知，病人已经做了biopsy（活检）。因此本题答案为D。

19.Whydidthedoctoraskthemantotakeafewbloodtests?

【解析】医生告诉病人还需要做几个血液化验，来排除过敏（allergy）的问题。因此本题答案为D。

20.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheman’sfeelingintheend?

【解析】医生说“Thebeltshowsthetumorisbenignwhichmeansitisnotcancerous.We’regoingtotakeitoutanyway,justtobeonasafeside.”病人排除了恶性肿瘤等问题，应该是比较放松的。因此本题答案为A。

21.写作题

Writea100—120-wordsummaryofthearticleinthispart.

【答案】Inthisexcerptfromanovel,theauthortellsthestoryofanewlymarriedcoupleonatraininTexas.Atthebeginning，theauthorgivesadetaileddescriptionofthecouple,whichshowsthattheyarenotrich.Byportrayingtheluxuriousfurnishingsinthetrain,theauthordemonstratestheincompatibilityofthecharacterswiththeirsurroundings.Theauthoralsomentionshowothershavemockedthecouple.Thearticleendswiththecouple'sexperienceinthediningcar,wheretheyfeelstressfulbyanordinarymealservedbyawaiter.Theprotagonist'sexperiencehighlightstheconflictbetweentheoldandthenew,thepoorandtherich.

22.单选题

Ahushfellovertheguestswhohad（

）fortheweddingcelebration.

问题1选项

A.assembled

B.participated

C.attended

D.summoned

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。assemble“集合，聚集”；participate“参与，分享”；attend“参加”；summon“召唤，召集”。句意：为结婚庆典而聚在一起的客人们安静下来了。选项A符合题意。

23.翻译题

Eventheautomobileindustry,whichhasremainedlargelyunchangedforthelastseventyyears,isabouttofeeltheeffectsofthecomputerrevolution.

Theautomobileindustryranksasamongthemostlucrativeandpowerfulindustriesofthetwentiethcentury.Therearepresently500millioncarsonearth,oronecarforeverytenpeople.Salesoftheautomobileindustrystandataboutatrilliondollars,makingittheworld’sbiggestmanufacturingindustry.

Thecar,andtheroadsittravelson,willberevolutionizedinthetwenty-firstcentury.Thekeytotomorrow’s“smartcars”willbesensors.“We’llseevehiclesandroadsthatseeandhearandfeelandsmellandtalkandact,”predictsBillSpreitzer,technicaldirectorofGeneralMotorsCorporation’sITSprogram,whichisdesigningthesmartcarandroadofthefuture.

Approximately40,000peoplearekilledeachyearintheUnitedStatesintrafficaccidents.Thenumberofpeoplethatarekilledorbadlyinjuredincaraccidentsissovastthatwedon’tevenbothertomentiontheminthenewspapersanymore.Fullyhalfofthesefatalitiescomefromdrunkdrivers,andmanyothersfromcarelessness.Asmartcarcouldeliminatemostofthesecaraccidents.Itcansenseifadriverisdrunkviaelectronicsensorsthatcanpickupalcoholvaporintheair,andrefusetostartuptheengine.Thecarcouldalsoalertthepoliceandprovideitspreciselocationifitisstolen.

【答案】【参考译文】

即便是过去70年间基本上没有多少变化的汽车工业，也将感受到计算机革命的影响。

汽车工业是20世纪最赚钱、最有影响力的产业之一。目前世界上有5亿辆车，或者说每10人就有1辆车。汽车工业的销售额达一万亿美元左右，从而成为世界上最大的制造业。

汽车及其行驶的道路，将在21世纪发生重大变革。未来“智能汽车”的关键在于传感器。“我们会见到能看、能听、有知觉、具嗅觉、会说话并能采取行动的车辆与道路，”正在设计未来智能汽车和智能道路的通用汽车公司ITS项目的技术主任比尔•斯普雷扎预言道。

美国每年有大约4万人死于交通事故。在汽车事故中死亡或严重受伤的人数太多，我们己经不屑在报纸上提及。这些死亡的人中至少有半数是酒后开车者造成的，另有许多死亡事故是驾驶员不小心所导致。智能汽车能消除绝大多数这类汽车事故。它能通过会感测空气中的酒精雾气的电子传感器检测开车者是否喝醉酒，并拒绝启动引擎。这种车还能在遇窃后通报警方，告知车辆的确切地点。

24.单选题

Hehad（）tobehereatteno'clock,butbecauseofatrafficaccident,hedidn'tshowupuntilmidnight.

问题1选项

A.overtaken

B.undertaken

C.guaranteed

D.warranted

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A:overtake“赶上”；B:undertake“承担”；C:guarantee“保证”；D:warrant“担保”。句意：他承诺十一点到这里，但是由于出了车祸，他直到午夜才出现。结合句意，答案为选项C。

25.单选题

Ifyouhaveanyclothes______today,givethemtome.

问题1选项

A.towash

B.tobewashed

C.forwashing

D.beingwashed

【答案】A

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你今天有衣服要洗，就给我。在固定句型have(give,show)sth.todo中，不定式与前边的名词有动宾关系，又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系，动词不定式作定语，用主动形式表被动意义，A选项towash符合题意。其余选项用法错误。因此A选项正确。

26.单选题

Theauthoritiesarediscouragingnew（

）whowanttoenterthecountryastherearen’tenoughjobsforthem.

问题1选项

A.passengers

B.migrants

C.immigrants

D.emigrants

【答案】C

【解析】名词辨析。句意:当局正在阻止新的想进入这个国家的移民，因为这的工作岗位不够。

passenger旅客；乘客；过路人migrant移居者immigrant移民（移进来）emigrant移民；侨民（移出的）。

27.单选题

Mostofusaretaughttopayattentiontowhatissaid—thewords.Wordsdoprovideuswithsomeinformation,butmeaningsarederivedfromsomanyothersourcesthatitwouldhinderoureffectivenessasapartnertoarelationshiptorelytooheavilyonwordsalone.Wordsareusedtodescribeonlyasmallpartofthemanyideasweassociatewithanygivenmessage.Sometimeswecangaininsightintosomeofthoseassociationsifwelistenformorethanwords.Wedon’talwayssaywhatwemeanormeanwhatwesay.Sometimesourwordsdon’tmeananythingexcept“I’mlettingoffsomesteam.Idon’treallywantyoutopaycloseattentiontowhatI’msaying.JustpayattentiontowhatI’mfeeling.”Mostlywemeanseveralthingsatonce.Apersonwantingtopurchaseahousesaystothecurrentowner,“ThisstephastobefixedbeforeI’llbuy.”Theownersays,“It’sbeenlikethatforyears.”Actually,thestephasn’tbeenlikethatforyears,buttheunspokenmessageis:“Idon’twanttofixit.Weputupwithit.Whycan’tyou?”Thesearchforamoreexpansiveviewofmeaningcanbedevelopedbyexaminingamessageintermsofwhosaidit,whenitoccurred,therelatedconditionsorsituation,andhowitwassaid.

Whenamessageoccurscanalsorevealassociatedmeaning.Letusassumetwocouplesdoexactlythesameamountofkissingandarguing.Butonecouplealwayskissesafteranargumentandtheothercouplealwaysarguesafterakiss.Theorderingofthebehaviorsmaymeanagreatdealmorethanthefrequencyofthebehavior.Afriend’sunusuallydocilebehaviormayonlybeunderstoodbynotingthatitwasprecededbysituationsthatrequiredanabnormalamountofassertiveness.Someresponsesmaybedirectlylinkedtoadevelopingpatternofresponsesanddefylogic.Forexample,apersonwhosays“No!”toaserialsofchargeslike“You'redumb/'“You’relazy,”and“You'redishonest,”mayalsosay“NoP'andtrytojustifyhisorherresponseifthenextstatementis‘‘Andyou'regoodlooking.”

Wewoulddowelltolistenforhowmessagesarepresented.Thewords,“Ifsurehasbeennicetohaveyouover,”canbesaidwithemphasisandexcitementorritualistically.Thephrasecanbesaidonceorrepeatedseveraltimes.Andthemeaningsweassociatewiththephrasewillchangeaccordingly.Sometimesifwesaysomethinginfrequentlyitassumesmoreimportance;sometimesthemorewesaysomethingthelessimportanceitassumes.

1.Effectivecommunicationisrenderedpossiblebetweentwoconversingpartnersif______.

2.“I’mlettingoffsomesteam”inparagraph1means_____.

3.Thehouse-owner’sexampleshowsthatheactuallymeans______.

4.Someresponsesandbehaviorsmayappearveryillogical,butarejustifiableif______.

5.Theword“ritualistically”inthelastparagraphequalssomethingdone______.

问题1选项

A.theyuseproperwordstocarrytheirideas

B.theybothspeaktrulyoftheirownfeelings

C.theytrytounderstandeachother’sideasbeyondwords

D.theyarecapableofassociatingmeaningwiththeirwords

问题2选项

A.I’mjustcallingyourattention

B.Pmjustkidding

C.Pmjustsayingtheopposite

D.I’mjustgivingoffsomesound

问题3选项

A.thestephasbeenlikethatforyears

B.hedoesn’tthinkitnecessarytofixthestep

C.theconditionofthestepisonlyaminorfault

D.thecostinvolvedinthefixingshouldbeshared

问题4选项

A.linkedtoanabnormalamountofassertiveness

B.seenasone’shabitualpatternofbehavior

C.takenaspartofanorderingsequence

D.expressedtoaseriesofcharges

问题5选项

A.withouttrueintention

B.light-heartedly

C.inawayofceremony

D.withlessemphasis

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的Wordsdoprovideuswithsomeinformation,butmeaningsarederivedfromsomanyothersourcesthatitwouldhinderoureffectivenessasapartnertoarelationshiptorelytooheavilyonwordsalone.（言语的确为我们提供了一些信息，但其意思是从如此多的其它来源中获取出来的，以至于过于依赖言语将阻碍我们与其他人交流的效果）可知D选项“他们能把自己的言语与意思联系起来”符合题意。

2.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的Sometimesourwordsdon’tmeananythingexcept“I’mlettingoffsomesteam.Idon’treallywantyoutopaycloseattentiontowhatI’msaying.JustpayattentiontowhatI’mfeeling.”（有时我们的言语并没有什么意思，除了“我正在宣泄情绪。我实际上不想让你仔细听我说的话，而是注意我的感受”外）可知A选项“我只是提醒你注意”符合题意。

3.细节事实题。由文章一段中的Actually,thestephasn’tbeenlikethatforyears,buttheunspokenmessageis:“Idon’twanttofixit.Weputupwithit.Whycan’tyou?”（事实上，这个台阶已经有好几年不是这样的了，但暗含的信息是：“我不想修复它。我们能忍受它。你为什么不能忍受它了？）可知B选项“他认为没必要修台阶”符合题意。

4.细节推理题。题干意思是“有些反应和行为可能看起来非常不合逻辑，但如果……，是合理的”。根据第二段第五句Afriend’sunusuallydocilebehaviormayonlybeunderstoodbynotingthatitwasprecededbysituationsthatrequiredanabnormalamountofassertiveness.（一个朋友的异常温顺的行为，也许只能通过注意到它是以需要异常自信的情境为前提才能被理解）和第六句Someresponsesmaybedirectlylinkedtoadevelopingpatternofresponsesanddefylogic.（有些反应可能直接与反应的发展模式有关，而且不符合逻辑）可推断，如果要理解有些反应和行为，那么就需要注意到之前发生的事件的情况，所以C项“作为有序的续发事件的一部分”符合题意。A项“与一定反常程度的自信有关”，表述不够全面；B项“被视为一个人的习惯性行为模式”，文中没有提到习惯性行为；D项“表达了一系列指控”在文中只是举例说明，D项不选。因此，该题选择C项正确。

5.词义题。“ritual（仪式，惯例）”为副词ritualistically的名词形式，故ritualistically表述“仪式地”，因此选C。

28.单选题

InthecourseofmyreadingIhadcomeacrossacasewhere,manyyearsago,somehuntersonourGreatPlainsorganizedabuffalohuntfortheentertainmentofanEnglishearlandprovidesomefreshmeatforhisuse.Theyhadcharmingsport.Theykilledseventy-twoofthosegreatanimals;andatepartofoneofthemandlefttheseventy-onetorot.Inordertodeterminethedifferencebetweenananacondaandanearl,Ihadsevenlambsturnedintotheanaconda’scage.Thegratefulsnakeimmediatelycrushedoneofthemandswallowedit,thenlaybacksatisfied.Itshowednofurtherinterestinthelamb,andnoinclinationtoharmthem.Itriedthisexperimentwithotheranacondasisthattheearliscruelandtheanacondaisn’t;andtheearlwantonlydestroyedwhathehasnousefor,buttheanacondadoesn’t.Thisseemedtosuggestthattheanacondawasnotdescendedfromtheearl.Italsoseemedtosuggestthattheearlwasdescendedfromtheanacondaandhadlostagooddealinthetransition.

Iwasawarethatmanymenwhohaveaccumulatedmoremoneythantheycaneverusehaveshownahungerformore,andhavenothesitatedtocheattheignorantandthehelplessoutoftheirpoorsavingsinordertopartiallysatisfytheappetite.Ifurnishedahundreddifferentkindsofwildanddomesticanimalstheopportunitytoaccumulatevaststoresoffoodbutnoneofthemwoulddoit.Thesquirrelsandbeesandcertainbirdsmadeaccumulations,butstoppedwhentheygatheredawinter’ssupply,andcouldnotbepersuadedtoaddtoiteitherhonestlyorbetrickery.Theseexperimentsconvincedmethatthereisthisd