考研考博-英语-天津体育学院运动与文化艺术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-天津体育学院运动与文化艺术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Theresultwouldbehigher-costimportsthatwouldrepresentataxontheAmericanconsumers-ataxthatwould（）purchasingpowerandwouldundoubtedlyconstrainUSeconomicgrowth.

问题1选项

A.soothe

B.squeeze

C.stimulate

D.scramble

【答案】B

【解析】动词词义辨析。soothe“安慰，使平和”；squeeze“挤，握紧”；stimulate“刺激”；scramble“抢夺，争夺”。句意：其结果将是更高的进口成本，这将意味着对美国消费者征税，最终会降低购买能力，毫无疑问会限制美国经济发展。选项B符合题意。

2.单选题

High-fructosecomsyrupiseasyforfoodandbeveragemakerstouse,andhas_______theformerleadingsweetener:sucrose,orordinarytablesugar.

问题1选项

A.edgedout

B.edgedin

C.edgedaway

D.edgedon

【答案】A

【解析】edgeout替代,挤掉;edgein挤进;edgeaway缓缓移动;edgeon怂恿,鼓励。句意：高果糖玉米糖浆对食品和饮料生产商来说很容易使用,而且已经取代了以前重要的增甜剂——蔗糖或普通的食糖。选项A符合句意。

3.单选题

Thereportmentionedthatsomeimportantpeoplehadattendedtheclosing（）.

问题1选项

A.surgeon

B.suspicion

C.ceremony

D.target

【答案】C

【解析】名词词义辨析。surgeon外科；suspicion怀疑；ceremony仪式；target目标。句意：这篇报道提到一些重量级人物参加了此次闭幕式。选项C符合句意。

4.单选题

Itisobviousthatthisapplicabletoeveryonewithout______.

问题1选项

A.exception

B.excision

C.modification

D.substitution

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.exception一般情况以外的人（或事物）；例外B.excision切除；删除

C.modification改进；改变D.substitution代替；替换

【答案】A

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】根据关键信息applicabletoeveryone（适用于每一个人）可知，每个人都适用，也就是说没有一个例外，withoutexception是常见用法，表示“无例外地，全部”，故该题选择A项。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】显然，这适用于每个人，无一例外。

5.单选题

问题1选项

A.Thewomanarrivedaheadofschedule.

B.Thewomanfailedtomeethertennisappointment.

C.Themandidnotplaythetennisgamebytherule.

D.Themanhelpedputthewomanonthewaitinglist.

【答案】B

【解析】7.W:Ireservedatenniscourt.It’stakenoverbysomeoneelse.

M:Yes,mom.Iunderstand.Wehaveapolicythateverypartyismorethan15minuteslateforastartingtime.Wescheduledthecourtsforotherwaitingguests.

Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干为：从这段交谈中可以得出什么？由文中“Wehaveapolicythateverypartyismorethan15minuteslateforastartingtime.（我们有规定，每场顶多迟到15分钟）”，推测可知B选项“Thewomanfailedtomeethertennisappointment.（女士错过了网球场预约时间）”符合原文。A选项“女士提早到了”；C选项“这个男人没有按规则打网球”；D选项“这个男人帮女士把她放在等候名单上”不符合原文。

6.单选题

Weagreedtoaccept______theythoughtwasthebesttouristguide.

问题1选项

A.whatever

B.whomever

C.whichever

D.whoever

【答案】D

【解析】【试题解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我们同意接受他们认为的最好的导游。横线到句尾是跟在谓语动词accept后的宾语从句，横线部分是从句主语，theythought是插入语，was是系动词，thebesttouristguide是表语，主语指的是人，D选项whoever符合题意。A选项whatever和C选项whichever指的是物，B选项whomever是宾格。因此D选项正确。

7.单选题

问题1选项

A.WithDr.Smithat10onWednesday.

B.WithDr.Smithat10onTuesday

C.WithDr.Jonesat10onWednesday.

D.WithDr.Jonesat10onTuesday.

【答案】A

【解析】14.M:Ineedtocomeinandseethedoctor.IhavereallyitchyskinandthinkImayhavetohaveitlookedat.

W:IhopetimesavailableforTuesdayorWednesday,whichonewouldworkbestforyou?

M:IwanttocomeinonWednesday.

W:Icanfityouinonthatdayatten,doctorSmithorDoctorJonesisavailable.

M:IwouldpreferDoctorSmith.

Q:Whatistheman’sappointment?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干为：男士预约了什么？由文中“IwanttocomeinonWednesday.（我想星期三来。）”和“Icanfityouinonthatdayatten（我可以帮你预约那天上午10点。）”以及“IwouldpreferdoctorSmith.（我想约史密斯医生。）”，可知A选项“WithDr.Smithat10onWednesday.（周三上午10点史密斯医生。）”符合原文。

8.单选题

Hestood（）amongathousanddimlyimaginedpossibilities.

问题1选项

A.faltering

B.wavering

C.pausing

D.hesitating

【答案】B

【解析】词义辨析题。faltering蹒跚,

犹豫的,

支吾的；wavering摇摆的,犹豫不决；pause暂停,

踌躇；hesitating

犹豫的。句意：他在一千种模模糊糊想象出来的可能性中犹豫不决。选项B符合句意。

9.单选题

IntheUnitedStatestherearemorepeoplewhoareobesetodaythantwentyyearsago.

问题1选项

A.gainfullyemployedt

B.upwardlymobile

C.excessivelyoverweight

D.privatelyeducated

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。obese表示“肥胖的，过胖的”；A项gainfullyemployed“被高薪聘用”，B项upwardlymobile“走向富裕的，走向上层社会的”，C项excessivelyoverweight“过度超重”，D项privatelyeducated“私立学校”。句意：在美国，现在肥胖的人比20年前要多。根据句意可知，只有C项中的weight表示体重，故该题选择C项正确。

10.单选题

Everyprofessionortrade,everyart,andeveryartsciencehasitstechnicalvocabulary.

Differentoccupations,however,differwidelyinthecharacteroftheirspecialvocabularies.Intradesandhandicrafts,andothervocations,likefarmingandfishery,thathaveoccupiedgreatnumbersofmenfromremotetimes,thetechnicalvocabulary,isveryold.Itconsistslargelyofnativewords,orofborrowedwordsthathaveworkedthemselvesintotheveryfiberofourfamiliarinsound,andmoregenerallyunderstoodthanmostothertechnicalities.Thespecialdialectsoflaw,medicine,divinity,andphilosophyhavealso,intheirolderstrata,becomeprettyfamiliartocultivatedpersonsandhavecontributedmuchtothepopularvocabulary.Yeteveryvocationstillpossessesalargebodyoftechnicaltermsthatremainessentiallyforeign,eventoeducatedspeech.Andtheproportionhasbeenmuchincreasedinthelastfiftyyears,particularlyinthevariousdepartmentsofnaturalandpoliticalscienceandinthemechanicarts.Herenewtermsarecoinedwiththegreatestfreedomandabandonedwithindifferencewhentheyhaveservedtheirturn.Mostofthenewcoinagesareconfinedtospecialdiscussions,andseldomgetintogeneralliteratureorconversation.Yetnoprofessionisnowadays,asallprofessiononcewere,acloseguild（行会）.Thelawers,thephysician,themanofscience,thedivine,associatedfreelywithhisfellow-creatures,anddoesnotmeettheminamerelyprofessionalway.Furthermore,whatiscalled’’popularscience"makeseverybodyacquaintedwithmodemviewsandrecentdiscoveries.Anyimportantexperiment,thoughmadeinaremoteorprovinciallaboratory,isatoncereportedinthenewspapers,andeverybodyissoontalkingaboutitasinthecaseoftheRoentgenraysandwirelesstelegraphy.Thusourcommonspeechisalwaystakingupnewtechnicaltermsandmakingthemcommonplace.

1.Specialwordsusedintechnicaldiscussion（

）.

2.Itistruethat（

）

3.Inrecentyears,therehasbeenamarkedincreaseinthenumberoftechnicaltermsintheterminologyof（

）.

4.Thewriterofthearticlewasundoubtedly（

）.

5.Theauthor'smainpurposeinthepassageisto（

）.

问题1选项

A.neverlastlong

B.shouldbeconfinedtoscientificfields

C.maybecomepartofcommonspeech

D.areconsideredartificiallanguagespeech

问题2选项

A.everyoneisinterestedinscientificfinding

B.theaveragemanoftenusesinhisownvocabularywhatwasoncetechnicallanguagenotmeantforhim

C.aneducatedpersonwouldbeexpectedtoknowmosttechnicalterms

D.variousprofessionsandoccupationsofteninterchangetheirdialectsandjargons

问题3选项

A.fishery

B.farming

C.government

D.sports

问题4选项

A.alinguist

B.anattorney

C.anscientist

D.anessayist

问题5选项

A.describeaphenomenon

B.proposeasolution

C.beentertaining

D.argueabelief

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】1.根据文章最后一句：Thusourcommonspeechisalwaystakingupnewtechnicaltermsandmakingthemcommonplace.因此，我们的日常用语总是采用新的技术术语，使它们变得司空见惯。在一种新的技术词汇产生之后，经过同化，变成了日常语言的一部分。所以C选项正确。

2.文章说明了一种现象，即在新的科技成果出现后，便成为人们津津乐道的话题，变成人们日常生活的一部分。个人也将科技成果变成日常生活用于的一部分，所以B选项‘普通人经常在自己的词汇中使用曾经对他毫无意义的技术语言‘正确。

3.particularlyinthevariousdepartmentsofnaturalandpoliticalscienceandinthemechanicarts.可知，在自然科学、政治学科以及机械艺术方面的词汇大量增加，C选项符合题意。

4.全文讨论了专业词汇、科技词汇与人们日常生活的关系，可知作者从语言学的角度分析了科技产生的词汇。作者应属于语言学家，A选项符合题意。

5.文章至始至终在讨论科技产生伴随着科技词汇的产生，进而科技词汇也影响着人们的日常生活，逐渐成为一体，作者描述了这样一种特有的现象，所以A选项符合题意。

11.写作题

Writea100—120-wordsummaryofthearticleinthispart.

【答案】Inthisexcerptfromanovel,theauthortellsthestoryofanewlymarriedcoupleonatraininTexas.Atthebeginning，theauthorgivesadetaileddescriptionofthecouple,whichshowsthattheyarenotrich.Byportrayingtheluxuriousfurnishingsinthetrain,theauthordemonstratestheincompatibilityofthecharacterswiththeirsurroundings.Theauthoralsomentionshowothershavemockedthecouple.Thearticleendswiththecouple'sexperienceinthediningcar,wheretheyfeelstressfulbyanordinarymealservedbyawaiter.Theprotagonist'sexperiencehighlightstheconflictbetweentheoldandthenew,thepoorandtherich.

12.单选题

Allsocietieshavedistinctroleexpectationsformenandforwomen.IntheUnitedStates,theseexpectationshavebeenundergoingchangeformanydecades.TodayAmericansliveinaworldofdiversefamilypatternsandconflictingimagesofideallifestylesformenandwomen.Theconventionalnormsofthefirsthalfcenturydefinedasuccessfulwomanasawifeandmotherwhostayedhometocarryoutafullarrayofhouseholdduties.Thehusbandandfatherwasexpectedtostayawayfromthehomemostoftheday,earningenoughmoneytopaythebills.Manyadultsstilllivebytheseexpectations,butthetraditionalpatternisnolongerheldupasanidealtobefollowedbyeveryone.Timeshavechanged;thereisnoreturntoyesterday.

Althoughthewomen’smovementandpoliticalcontroversiesaboutsuchissuesandtheEqualRightsAmendmentandsexualharassmentsuggestthatchangingsexrolesisarecentissue,thisisfarfromthecase.Broadtrendscanbeidentifiedoverthepasthundredyears.Womenhaveincreasedtheirparticipationinthelaborforcefrom18%in1900toover50%today,andtheygivebirthtofewerchildrenthanwomendidinthepast.In1910thebirthratewas30per1,000population;bythe1900sithaddeclinedto16per1,000.Thesetwotrends—increasingparticipationinthelaborforceanddecreasingfamilysize—suggestthatmajorlong-termchangeshaverestructuredtheroleexpectationsofmenandwomen.Thesechangesarecomplex.Thefactthatmorewomenarejoiningthelaborforceasfull-timeworkersdoesnotmeanthatasinglesexrolepatternisemerging.

Onthecontrary,wearelivinginaperiodofdiversefamilypatterns.AccordingtoKathleenGerson,“thedomesticwomanwhobuildsherlifearoundchildrenandhomemakingpersists,butshenowcoexistswithagrowingnumberofworkingmothersandpermanentlychildlesswomen.”

Womentodayfacehardchoicesastheymakedecisionsaboutwork,career,andmotherhood.Despitewomen’sliberation,womenstillearnlessthanmenintheworkplaceandarestillexpectedtodomostoftheworkinthehome.Womenworksubstantiallymorehourseachweekinthehomeandattheworkplacethanmendo.Womenareworkingharderthanever,yetmanydonotenjoythebenefitsoffullequality.

11.Thetraditionrolesformenandwomen______.

12.Changingsexrolesisnotarecentissuebecause______.

13.Thefactthatmorewomenarejoiningthelaborforceasfulltimeworkersmeansthat______.

14.It’sstatedinthelastparagraphthat______.

15.Accordingtothispassage,thestatementwhichisNOTtrueis______.

问题1选项

A.arediverse

B.areconflicting

C.havebeenchanging

D.arenolongerfollowed

问题2选项

A.womenhaveincreasedtheirparticipationinthelaborforceoverthepasthundredyear

B.moreandmorewomenarebecomingworkingmothersorchildlesswomen

C.theconventionalimageofwomenhaschangedbeyondrecognition

D.peoplehavechangedtheirexpectationsofwomeninmodernsociety

问题3选项

A.womenarebecomingmoreindependent

B.thefamilypatternsarebecomingdiverse

C.asingle-rolepatternisemerging

D.womenareeagertowork

问题4选项

A.womentodaystillsufferfrominequalityinworkandlife

B.women’sliberationhaspromotedtheirsocialstatus

C.thesocietyexpectsmorefromwomenthanfrommen

D.womenaremorecapableanddiligentthanmen

问题5选项

A.manypeoplestillfollowtheconventionalnormsoflifestyle

B.womentodaygivebirthtofewerchildrenthanwomeninthepast

C.moreandmorewomenchoosetoworkratherthantobehousewives

D.mendoasmuchdomesticworkaswomendoathome

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】11.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段第一、二句Allsocietieshavedistinctroleexpectationsformenandforwomen.IntheUnitedStates,theseexpectationshavebeenundergoingchangeformanydecades.（所有社会对男人和女人都有不同的角色期望。在美国，这些期望几十年来一直在发生变化。），说明男女的传统角色一直在改变。因此C选项“一直在改变”正确。A选项“多种多样”，原文说的是家庭模式多样，所以A错误。B选项“是矛盾的”，原文说的是男女理想生活方式相互矛盾，所以B错误。D选项“不再遵循传统”，原文说的是很多成年人依然遵循传统，但这些传统不再被视为必须遵循的，所以D错误。

12.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段第二、三句Broadtrendscanbeidentifiedoverthepasthundredyears.Womenhaveincreasedtheirparticipationinthelaborforcefrom18%in1900toover50%today,andtheygivebirthtofewerchildrenthanwomendidinthepast.（在过去的一百年里，我们可以看到大致的趋势。女性的劳动参与率从1900年的18%提高到今天的50%以上，而且她们比过去的女性少生孩子。），说明性别角色的改变不是最近才出现的问题，因为女性的劳动参与率提高了。因此A选项“在过去的一百年里，妇女的劳动参与度有所提高”正确。B选项“越来越多的女性成为工作母亲或不生育的女性”只说明了女性的现状，所以B错误。C选项“女性的传统形象已经发生了翻天覆地的变化”，由原文可知，以孩子和家庭为中心的女性仍然大量存在，所以C错误。D选项“现代社会中，人们对女性的期望发生了变化”不能说明这是过去一百年来的趋势，所以D错误。

13.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段第一句wearelivinginaperiodofdiversefamilypatterns.（我们生活在一个家庭模式多样化的时期。），说明越来越多的女性参与劳动成为全职工作者意味着家庭模式多种多样，既有以孩子和家庭为中心的女性，也有工作母亲或不生育的女性。因此B选项“家庭模式日趋多样化”正确。A选项“女性变得更加独立”，D选项“女性渴望工作”在文中没有提及，所以A，D错误。C选项“单一角色的格局正在形成”，由原文可知，这一事实并不意味着出现了单一的性别角色模式，所以C错误。

14.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】主旨大意题。由题干可以定位到文章最后一段Womentodayfacehardchoicesastheymakedecisionsaboutwork,career,andmotherhood…manydonotenjoythebenefitsoffullequality.（今天的女性在工作、事业和母亲身份方面面临着艰难的选择……许多人并没有享受到完全平等的好处。），说明现在的女性依然受到了不平等的待遇，比如收入仍然低于男性，仍然被期望做大部分的家务等。因此A选项“今天的女性在工作和生活中仍然遭受不平等待遇”正确。B选项“女性解放提高了她们的社会地位”，C选项“社会对女性的期望高于男性”，D选项“女性比男性更能干、更勤奋”在文中均没有提及，所以B，C，D错误。

15.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】客观细节题。A选项“许多人仍然遵循传统的生活方式规范”，由原文可知，以孩子和家庭为中心的女性仍然存在，所以A选项表述正确，排除A。B选项“当今女性生育孩子比过去的女性少”，由原文可知，现在的女性比过去的女性少生孩子，所以B选项表述正确，排除B。C选项“越来越多的女性选择工作而不是做家庭主妇”，由原文可知，越来越多的女性作为全职工作者加入劳动力大军，所以C选项表述正确，排除C。由D选项关键词“domesticwork”可以定位到文章最后一段第二句Despitewomen’sliberation,womenstillearnlessthanmenintheworkplaceandarestillexpectedtodomostoftheworkinthehome.（尽管女性得到了解放，但女性在工作场所的收入仍然低于男性，她们仍然被期望做大部分的家务。），说明女性做的家务比男性多。因此D选项“男性在家做的家务和女性做的家务一样多”表述错误，本题选D。

13.单选题

Sciencehaslonghadanuneasyrelationshipwithotheraspectsofculture.ThinkofGallileo's17thcenturytrialforhisrebellingbeliefbeforetheCatholicChurchorpoetWilliamBlake’sharshremarksagainstthemechanisticworldviewofIsaacNewton.Theschismbetweenscienceandthehumanities,ifanything,deepenedinthe20thcentury.

Untilrecently,thescientificcommunitywassopowerfulthatitcouldaffordtoignoreitscritics—butnolonger.Asfundingforsciencehasdeclined,scientistshaveattacked“antiscience”inseveralbooks,notablyHigherSuperstitionbyPaulR.Gross,abiologistattheUniversityofVirginia,andNormanLevitt,amathematicianatRutgersUniversity:andTheDemon-hauntedWorld,byCarlSaganofCornelUniversity.

Defendersofsciencehavealsovoicedtheirconcernsatmeetingssuchas“TheFlightfromScienceandReason,”heldinNewYorkCityin1995,and“ScienceintheAgeofInformation,”whichassembledlastJunenearBuffalo.

Antiscienceclearlymeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople.GrossandLevittfindfaultprimarilywithsociologists,philosophersandotheracademicswhohavequestionedinscience’sobjectivity.Saganismoreconcernedwiththosewhobelieveinghosts,creationismandotherphenomenathatcontradictthescientificworldview.

Asurveyofnewsstoriesin1996revealsthattheantisciencetaghasbeenattachedtomanyothergroupsaswell,fromauthoritieswhoadvocatedtheeliminationofthelastremainingstocksofsmallpoxvirustoRepublicanswhoadvocateddecreasedfundingforbasicresearch.

FewwoulddisputethatthetermappliestotheUnabomber,whosemanifesto,publishedin1995,scornsscienceandlongsforreturntoapre-technologicalutopia.Butsurelythatdoesnotmeanenvironmentalistsconcernedaboutuncontrolledindustrialgrowthareantiscience,asanessayinUSNews&WorldReportlastMayseemedtosuggest.

Theenvironmentalists,inevitably,respondtosuchcritics.Thetrueenemiesofscience,arguesPaulEhrlishofStanfordUniversity,apioneerofenvironmentalstudies,arethosewhoquestiontheevidencesupportingglobalwarming,thedepletionoftheozonelayerandotherconsequencesofindustrialgrowth.

Indeed,someobserversfearthattheantiscienceepithetisindangerofbecomingmeaningless.“Theterm‘antiscience’canlumptogethertoomany,quitedifferentthing,”notesHarvardUniversityphilosopherGeraldHoltoninhis1993workScienceandAnti-science.“Theyhaveincommononlyonethingthattheytendtoannoyorthreatenthosewhoregardthemselvesasmoreenlightened.”

1.Theword“schism”(Paragraph1)inthecontextprobablymeans().

2.Paragraphs2and3arewrittento().

3.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

4.TheauthortakesPaulR.Gross’bookHigherSuperstitionasanillustrationtoshowthat().

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardtheissueof“sciencevs.antiscience”is().

问题1选项

A.confrontation

B.dissatisfaction

C.separation

D.contempt

问题2选项

A.discussthecauseofthedeclineofscience’spower

B.showtheauthor’ssympathywithscientists

C.explainthewayinwhichsciencedevelops

D.exemplifythedivisionofscienceandthehumanities

问题3选项

A.Environmentalistswereblamedforantiscienceinanessay.

B.Politiciansarenotsubjectivetothelabelingofantiscience.

C.The“moreenlightened”tendtotagothersasantiscience.

D.Taggingenvironmentalistsas“antiscience”isjustifiable.

问题4选项

A.traditionalculturewouldgreatlyaffectthedevelopmentofscience

B.scienceisnolongervulnerabletobeattacked

C.differentpeoplemayhavedifferentinterpretationonscience

D.scientificcommunityhasbecomepowerfulenoughtodefendanycriticsagainstscience

问题5选项

A.impartial

B.subjective

C.biased

D.puzzling

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.根据第一段的第一句话“Sciencehaslonghadanuneasyrelationshipwithotheraspectsofculture.”科学与文化其他方面的关系一直都很紧张,以及后面的举例可知,20世纪,科学和人文之间的分歧加深了。confrontation对抗；dissatisfaction不满；separation分歧,裂痕；contempt蔑视。选项A和选项C意思差不多,但注意句子中的措辞用的是deepened,所以选项C更符合语境。

2.第二段指出,科学界如此之强大以至于可以对批评者置之不理——但现在不同了。由于科学经费减少,科学家开始著书抨击“反科学”倾向；第三段指出,科学的拥护者也在一些会议上表达了他们的担忧。根据第一段提到的科学和人文之间的分歧加深,由此推断第二段和第三段主要是举例说明科学和人文的分歧。选项D正确。

3.根据第六段的第二句“Butsurelythat...seemedtosuggest.”,当然,这并不意味着,对不加控制的工业发展表示担忧的环保主义者也是反科学的,而去年5月份刊登在《美国新闻和世界报导》的一篇文章却似乎暗示是这么回事。选项A一篇文章指责环境保护者为反科学者,正确；根据第五段的内容,反科学的标签也贴在了许多其他群体上,从提倡消灭最后残存的天花病毒库的官方人士到倡议削减基础研究基金的共和党人。这里面包含了政党人,所以选项B表述错误。选项C在文中没有提及。选项D给环境保护者贴上“反科学”的标签是有道理的,错误。

4.根据第四段的一二句“Antiscienceclearlymeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople.GrossandLevittfindfaultprimarilywithsociologists,philosophersandotheracademicswhohavequestionedinscience’sobjectivity.”反科学对不同的人有不同的含义。格罗斯和莱维特主要挑那些质疑科学客观性的社会学家、哲学家和其他学者的毛病。选项C符合原文。

5.作者只是客观地叙述了科学和人文学科之间的分歧,在文中没有发表任何自己的看法或态度,所以作者的态度是客观公正的。选项A正确。impartial公平公正的；subjective主观的；biased有偏见的；puzzling疑惑的。

14.单选题

Inaboutonemonth’stime,studentswillsoonfeeltrulyanddeeply________oftheircollege.

问题1选项

A.parts

B.apart

C.part

D.one

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：在大约一个月的时间里，学生们很快就会真正深刻地感受到自己是学校的一部分。当强调某物是一个整体的构成部分时，即强调所属关系时，多用partof。D选项oneof表示“其中之一”，不符合句意。因此答案选C。

15.单选题

TheorangutanofSumatraandBorneoshares96.4percentofthesamegeneticmake-upashumans.Thesepeaceful,[A]red-hairprimatesspendtheirdays[B]chewingonfruit,leavesandflowersfromtrees,[C]alongwithanystrayinsectsthatmightbehidden[D]amongthefoliage.

问题1选项

A.red-hair

B.chewingon

C.alongwith

D.amongthefoliage

【答案】A

【解析】考查词形。A选项后面修饰的是primates“灵长类”，名词，因此划线词应为形容词形式。这类词语的构成规则为：形容词+名词+ed构成新的形容词，所以应将red-hair改为red-haired“红发的”。

16.单选题

NASAiscastinganetinthespaceshuttleinvestigationastowhatcausedthespacecrafttoswingoutofcontroland（）momentsbeforeitwastoland.

问题1选项

A.disassemble

B.disembark

C.neglected

D.discarded

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项disassemble“拆开、分散”；B选项disembark“登陆、上岸”；C选项neglected“忽视、疏忽”；D选项discarded“丢弃”，句意为：美国国家航空航天局正在对航天飞机展开调查，以查明是什么原因导致航天飞机在着陆前失控。B选项符合句意。

17.单选题

TheWelshlanguagehasalwaysbeentheultimatemarketofWelshidentity,butagenerationagoitlookedasifWelshwouldgothewayofManx,oncewidelyspokenontheIsleofManbutnowextinct.Governmentsfinancingandcentralplanning,however,havehelpedreversethedeclineofWelsh.RoadsignsandofficialpublicdocumentsarewritteninbothWelshandEnglish,andschoolchildrenarerequiredtolearnbothlanguages.WelshisnowoneofthemostsuccessfulofEurope’sregionallanguages,spokenbymorethanahalf-millionofthecountry’sthreemillionpeople.

Therevivalofthelanguage,particularlyamongyoungpeople,ispartofaresurgenceofnationalidentitysweepingthroughthissmall,proudnation.LastmonthWalesmarkedthesecondanniversaryoftheopeningoftheNationalAssembly,thefirstparliamenttobeconvenedheresince1404.TheideabehinddevolutionwastorestorethebalancewithintheunionofnationsmakinguptheUnitedKingdom.Withmostofthepeopleandwealth,Englandhasalwayshadbraggingrights.ThepartialtransferoflegislativepowersfromWestminster,implementedbyTonyBlair,wasdesignedtogivetheothermembersoftheclub—Scotland,NorthernIreland,andWales—abiggersayandtocountercentrifugalforcesthatseemedtothreatentheveryideaoftheunion.

TheWelshshowedlittleenthusiasmfordevolution.WhereastheScotsvotedoverwhelminglyforaparliament,thevoteforaWelshassemblyscrapedthroughbylessthanonepercentonaturnoutoflessthan25percent.Itspowerswereproportionatelylimited.TheAssemblycandecidehowmoneyfromWestminsterortheEuropeanUnionisspent.Itcannot,unlikeitscounterpartinEdinburgh,enactlaws.Butnowthatitishere,theWelsharegrowingtoliketheirAssembly.Manypeoplewouldlikeittohavemorepowers,itsimportanceasfigureheadwillgrowwiththeopeningin2003,ofanewdebatingchamber,oneofmanynewbuildingsthataretransformingCardifffromadecayingseaportintoaBaltimore-stylewaterfrontcity.MeanwhileagrantofnearlytwomilliondollarsfromtheEuropeanUnionwilltacklepoverty.WalesisoneofthepoorestregionsinWesternEurope—onlySpain,Portugal,andGreecehavealowerstandardofliving.

NewspapersandmagazinesarefilledwithstoriesaboutgreatWelshmenandwomen,boostingself-esteem.TofamiliarfacessuchasDylanThomasandRichardBurtonhavebeenaddednewiconssuchasCatherineZeta-Jones,themoviestar,andBrynTerfel,theoperasinger.Indigenousfoodslikesaltmarshlambareinvogue.AndWalesnowboastsanationalairline.AwyrCymru.Cymru,whichmeans“landofcompatriots,”istheWelshnameforWales.Thereddragon,thenation’ssymbolsincethetimeofKingArthur,iseverywhere—onT-shirts,rugbyjerseysandevencellphonecovers.

“Untilveryrecenttimes,mostWelshpeoplehadthisfeelingofbeingsecond-classcitizens,”saidDyfanJones,an18-year-oldstudent.Itwasawarmsummernight,andIwassittingonthegrasswithagroupofyoungpeopleinLlanelli,anindustrialtowninthesouth,outsidetherockmusicvenueoftheNationalEisteddfod,Wales’sannualculturalfestival.ThedisusedfactoryinfrontofusechoedtothesoundsofnewWelshbands.

“Therewasalmostagenetictendencyforlackofconfidence,”Dyfancontinued.EquallycomfortableinhisWelshnessasinhismembershipintheEnglish-speaking,globalyouthcultureandthenewfederalEurope,Dyfan,liketherestofhisgeneration,isgrowingupwithasenseofpossibilityunimaginabletenyearsago.“Weusedtothink.Wecan’tdoanything,we’reonlyWelsh.NowIthinkthat’schanging.”

1.Accordingtothepassage,devolutionwasmainlymeantto______.

2.Theword“centrifugal”inthesecondparagraphmeans______.

3.WalesisdifferentfromScotlandinallthefollowingaspectsEXCEPT______.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTcitedasanexampleoftheresurgenceofWelshnationalidentity?

5.AccordingtoDyfanJoneswhathaschangedis______.

问题1选项

A.maintainthepresentstatusamongthenations

B.reducelegislativepowersofEngland

C.createabetterstateofequalityamongthenations

D.grantmoresaytoallthenationsintheunion

问题2选项

A.separatist

B.conventional

C.feudal

D.political

问题3选项

A.people’sdesirefordevolution

B.locals’turnoutforthevoting

C.powersofthelegislativebody

D.statusofthenationallanguage

问题4选项

A.Welshhaswitnessedarevivalasanationallanguage.

B.Poverty-relieffundshavecomefromtheEuropeanUnion.

C.AWelshnationalairlineiscurrentlyinoperation.

D.Thenationalsymbolhasbecomeafamiliarsight.

问题5选项

A.people’smentality

B.popculture

C.town’sappearance

D.possibilitiesforthepeople

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.【选项释义】

1.Accordingtothepassage,devolutionwasmainlymeantto______.1.根据这篇文章，权力下放主要是为了______。

A.maintainthepresentstatusamongthenationsA.维持目前在各国之间的地位

B.reducelegislativepowersofEnglandB.减少英格兰的立法权

C.createabetterstateofequalityamongthenationsC.在国家之间创造一个更好的平等状况

D.grantmoresaytoallthenationsintheunionD.给联盟中所有的国家更多的发言权

【答案】C

【考查点】细节事实题。

【解题思路】根据关键词devolution定位至第二段第三句“权力下放背后的理念是恢复组成联合王国的各个国家之间的平衡（restorethebalancewithintheunionofnationsmakinguptheUnitedKingdom）”可知，权力下放的目的是为了维持各个国家之间的平衡，C项“在国家之间创造一个更好的平等状况”表述符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A项“维持目前在各国之间的地位”，根据解题思路，由restore可推断，成员国原来的关系已经被破坏，所以该项属于曲解原文；

B项“减少英格兰的立法权”，由第二段最后一句“托尼˙布莱尔实施了从威斯敏斯特移交部分立法权的计划，目的是给俱乐部的其他成员——苏格兰、北爱尔兰和威尔士——更大的发言权……”可知，部分立法权的转移旨在给其他成员更大的话语权，该项与原文相反，属于反向干扰；

D项“给联盟中所有的国家更多的发言权”，由C项解题思路可知，原文只提到会赋予苏格兰、北爱尔兰、威尔士更大发言权，并非所有成员国，该项曲解原文。

2.【选项释义】

2.Theword“centrifugal”inthesecondparagraphmeans______.2.第二段中的“centrifugal”的意思是______。

A.separatistA.分离主义者的

B.conventionalB.传统的

C.feudalC.封建制度的

D.politicalD.政治的

【答案】A

【考查点】词汇推测题。

【解题思路】根据关键词centrifugal定位至第二段最后一句“托尼˙布莱尔实施了从威斯敏斯特移交部分立法权的计划，目的是给俱乐部的其他成员——苏格兰、北爱尔兰和威尔士——更大的发言权，并且对抗似乎威胁到联盟理念的centrifugal力量”，从中可知，要对抗这种会威胁到联盟理念的力量，说明这种力量会分散成员国之间的联合，所以推测centrifugal表示“分离的，分散的”，A选项“分离主义者的”词义与之意思相近。因此，该题选择A项。

【干扰项排除】B项“传统的”、C项“封建制度的”和D项“政治的”由解题思路可知，这三项属于曲解原文。

3.【选项释义】

3.WalesisdifferentfromScotlandinallthefollowingaspectsEXCEPT______.3.除了______，威尔士在以下方面都与苏格兰不同。

A.people’sdesirefordevolutionA.人民对权力下放的渴望

B.locals’turnoutforthevotingB.当地选民的投票率

C.powersofthelegislativebodyC.立法机构的权力

D.statusofthenationallanguageD.国家语言的地位

【答案】D

【考查点】细节事实题。

【解题思路】根据文章第一段最后一句“威尔士语现在是欧洲最成功的地方语言之一，在这个国家的300万人口中，有50多万人讲威尔士语”可知，虽然原文第一段提到了威尔士语言的成功性，但是文中并没有提到苏格兰语言的地位，这两者没有可比性，D项“国家语言的地位”属于无中生有，符合题干。因此，该题选择D项。

【干扰项排除】

A项“人民对权力下放的渴望”，根据第三段前两句“威尔士人对权力下放并不热心。苏格兰人以压倒性优势投票支持成立议会，而威尔士议会的投票仅以不到1%的得票率勉强通过，投票率不到25%。”可知，这两个国家人民对权利下放态度截然不同，该项符合原文，属于反向干扰；

B项“当地选民的投票率”，根据A项解