考研考博-英语-吉林警察学院考试押题三合一+答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-吉林警察学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Theconsolidationofthecrumblingwallsandtowershasbeencarriedoutin（）withaprogramagreedwithbytheDepartmentoftheEnvironment.

问题1选项

A.case

B.accordance

C.place

D.charge

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。inaccordancewith为固定搭配，表示“依照，与...一致”。

2.填空题

Directions:Youaregoingtoreadsomeinformationaboutsomecompanies.Forquestions21-30,choosefromthecompanies(A-H).Someofthecompaniesmaybechosenmorethanonce.Whenmorethanoneanswerisrequired,thesemaybegiveninanyorder.Thereisanexampleatthebeginning(O).Markyouranswersontheseparateanswersheet.

Whichcompanyorcompanies:

isproudoftheirresearchprogramme?(O)(F)

dealswithcommunicationlinks?(21)()

ispartlyownedbythemanagement?(22)()

statesitdoesnotworkinEurope?(23)()

statesitisconcernedwiththewholefamily?(24)()

profitfromnaturalresources?(25)()(26)()

directlyexchangemoney?(27)()(28)()

makemedicine?(29)()(30)()

FINANCIALTIMESANNUALREPORTSERVICE

Choosewhichofthefollowingreportsyouwishtohavesenttoyou:

A.TVXGoldInc.

TVXGoldInc.isaCanadian-basedgrowth-orientedinternationalminingcompanywith1993goldandgoldequivalentproductionofarecord439,000ouncesatanaveragecashcostof$172perouncefromitsinterestsinsixoperatinggoldmineslocatedinNorthandSouthAmerica.ThestrengthsofTVXGoldincludequalityreserves,longminelife,lowaveragecashcostsandincreaseinproduction,andanew,experiencedandaggressivemanagementteam.

B.Statoil

StatoilisanintegratedNorwegianoilandgascompanyandranksastheleadingoperatoronNorway’scontinentalshelf.Operationsarealsopursuedin20othercountries.ThegroupreportedaprofitbeforetaxationofNOK12billionin1993asagainstNOK9.9billiontheyearbefore.Theincreasewasduetoahighlevelofproduction,areductioninoperatingcostsandimprovedfinancialresults.

Statoilisorganizedinfourbusinessareas—ExplorationandProduction,NaturalGas,OilTradingandShipping,andRefiningandMarketing.From1994Statoil’sinvolvementinPetrochemicalshasbeentransferredtoBorealis,anewpetrochemicalcompanyowned50percentbyNeste.Afterthehive-offofitspetrochemicaloperationin1994,thegrouphasabout12,000employees.

C.TheRabobankGroup

WithtotalassetsofNLG253.2billiontheDutchRabobankGroupranksamongthetop20banksinEuropeandthetop50worldwide.Overthepasttwodecades,thebankhasgraduallyexpandeditsinternationalnetworktocoverstrategicgeographicareas.Itcomprisesnow47officesintheworld’smajorfinancialandcommercialcenters.TheGroup’s“centralbank”,RabobankNederland,operatesasawholesalehouse,specializinginservingmajornationalandinternationalcorporationsandinoperationsonthefinancialmarkets.Besidesdealingroomandtreasuryactivities,thebankofferscorporatefinancialservices(includingconsultancyonmergers,acquisitionsandparticipations)aswellascomprehensivepackageofinternationalservicesthroughitsinternationalnetwork.

D.RobertsPharmaceuticals

RobertsPharmaceuticals(NASDAZ:RPCX)isfastrealizingitsgoalofbecomingamajorpharmaceuticalcompanywhosediversproductscontributetothehealthandwell-beingofallagegroups.Robertshassuccessfullycombinedanaggressiveproductdevelopmentprogrammewithstrategicacquisitions,tocreateaprofitablecompanywithawell-balancedproductionportfolioconcentratedinsixmajortherapeuticcategories.

E.Telia

TheTeliaGroupofferspublicandprivatenetworksfortelephony,datacommunicationsandmobiletelephony.TogetherwithPTTNetherlandsandSwissPTT,Teliaisco-ownerofUnisource.In1993,theTeliaGroup’srevenuestotaledUDS$4.5billion.Returnoncapitalemployedwas14.5percent.TeliainvestedatotalofUSD910million.

F.Roche

RocheisaSwiss-basedinternationalhealth-caregroupemploying56,000peopleworldwide.Itisaresearch-drivencompanywithaleadingpositioninbiotechnologyandactivitiescoveringtheentirehealthspectrumofprevention,diagnosisandtreatmentofdisease.Rochehasgainedahighreputationforthequalityofitsinnovativeresearchandtheoriginalcontributionithasmadetothedevelopmentofnewdrugs.InadditiontopharmaceuticalsRocheisengagedinthefieldsofvitaminsandfinechemicals,diagnostics,fragrancesandflavours.

G.BSS

BSSisaSwissbankwithallthatthisappliesintermsoftradition,experience,securityandconfidentiality.BSSisownedbythe“FondationdeFamilleSandoz”andbykeyexecutivesofthebank.Thebankfocusesonassetmanagementforprivateandinstitutionalclientsandoffersawiderangeofsecuritiesandbankingservicesincludingglobalcustody,forexandstockexchangeoperations.

H.SagaPetroleuma.s.

In1993,SagaPetroleumhadanoperatingprofitofNOK1694millionandaprofitbeforetaxesofNOK1006million.TheGroup’sprovedandprobableoilandgasreservestotal1,474milliontonsofoilequivalent,ofwhich44percentisoil.Intermsofreserves,Sagaisamongthelargestindependentupstreamcompaniesintheworld.ItisSaga’sintentiontofurtherstrengthenitspositionontheNorwegianshelf,andtoutilizethecompany’sexpertiseandcapacitygraduallytodevelopitsinternationalactivities.

Saga’sobjectiveistogivethecompany’sshare-holdersthehighestpossiblereturnontheirinvestmentthroughefficientoperationsandstrictrequirementstotheprofitabilityofnewproducts.

【答案】21.E

22.B

23.A

24.G

25.A

26.B

27.C

28.G

29.D

30.F

【解析】21.句意：哪家公司经营通信链接？由E部分中TheTeliaGroupofferspublicandprivatenetworksfortelephony,datacommunicationsandmobiletelephony.（Telia集团提供用于电话、数据通信和移动电话的公共和私人网络。）可知，Telia集团经营通信链接。因此本题选E。

22.句意：哪个公司部分归管理层所有？由B部分中From1994Statoil’sinvolvementinPetrochemicalshasbeentransferredtoBorealis,anewpetrochemicalcompanyowned50percentbyNeste.（从1994年起，Statoil在石化领域的参与已经转移到Borealis，这是一家新的石化公司，由Neste拥有50%的股份。）可知，Statoil公司管理层持有部分的股权。因此本题选B。

23.句意：哪家公司不在欧洲开展业务？由A部分中TVXGoldInc.isaCanadian-basedgrowth-orientedinternationalminingcompanywith1993goldandgoldequivalentproductionofarecord439,000ouncesatanaveragecashcostof$172perouncefromitsinterestsinsixoperatinggoldmineslocatedinNorthandSouthAmerica.（TVXGoldInc.是一家位于加拿大的成长型国际矿业公司，1993年黄金和黄金当量产量达到创纪录的439,000盎司，平均现金成本为每盎司172美元，该公司在位于北美和南美的六个运营中的金矿拥有权益。）可知，TVXGoldInc.的业务范围只在北美洲和南美洲，不在欧洲。因此本题选A。

24.句意：哪家公司涉及到整个家庭？由G部分中BSSisownedbythe“FondationdeFamilleSandoz”andbykeyexecutivesofthebank.（BSS由“桑多斯家族基金会”和该行主要高管持有。）可知，BSS涉及到桑多斯家族。因此本题选G。

25.句意：哪些公司从自然资源中获利？由A部分中ThestrengthsofTVXGoldincludequalityreserves,longminelife（TVXGold的优势包括优质的储量、较长的矿山寿命）可知，TVXGoldInc.从黄金资源中获利。因此本题选A。

26.句意：哪些公司从自然资源中获利？由B部分中StatoilisanintegratedNorwegianoilandgascompanyandranksastheleadingoperatoronNorway’scontinentalshelf.（Statoil是一家综合性挪威石油和天然气公司，是挪威大陆架上的主要运营商。）可知，Statoil从石油和天然气资源中获利。因此本题选B。

27.句意：哪些公司直接兑换货币？由C部分中Besidesdealingroomandtreasuryactivities,thebankofferscorporatefinancialservices(includingconsultancyonmergers,acquisitionsandparticipations)aswellascomprehensivepackageofinternationalservicesthroughitsinternationalnetwork.（除了交易厅和财务活动，该行还提供企业金融服务，包括兼并、收购和参与方面的咨询，以及通过其国际网络提供全面的一揽子国际服务。）可知，TheRabobankGroup提供全面的国际金融服务，包括货币兑换。因此本题选C。

28.句意：哪些公司直接兑换货币？由G部分中Thebankfocusesonassetmanagementforprivateandinstitutionalclientsandoffersawiderangeofsecuritiesandbankingservicesincludingglobalcustody,forexandstockexchangeoperations.（该银行专注于私人和机构客户的资产管理，提供广泛的证券和银行服务，包括全球托管、外汇和证券交易所业务。）可知，BSS提供外汇业务。因此本题选G。

29.句意：哪些公司制作药物？由D部分中RobertsPharmaceuticalsisfastrealizingitsgoalofbecomingamajorpharmaceuticalcompany（Roberts制药公司正在快速实现其成为一家主要制药公司的目标）可知，RobertsPharmaceuticals是一家制药公司。因此本题选D。

30.句意：哪些公司制作药物？由F部分中Rochehasgainedahighreputationforthequalityofitsinnovativeresearchandtheoriginalcontributionithasmadetothedevelopmentofnewdrugs.（Roche因其创新研究的质量和对新药开发的原创性贡献而获得了很高的声誉。）可知，Roche公司在开发新药。因此本题选F。

3.单选题

In1987,H.I.V/AIDSjoinedalistofdiseasesthatcouldkeepapersonoutoftheUnitedStates.Thegovernmentlatertriedtocancel,itsdecision,butcongressmadethetravelbanapartofimmigrationlaw.PeoplewithH.I.V.,thevirusthatcausesAIDS,couldseekanexception,butthatmeantextrawork.

Lastyear,CongressandPresidentGeorgeW.Bushbegantheprocessofendingthetravelban.NowPresidentObamaisfinishingtheprocess.

BARACKOBAMA:“Wetalkaboutreducingthestigmaofthisdisease,yetwehavetreatedavisitorlivingwithitasathreat.WeleadtheworldwhenitcomestohelpingtheAIDSpandemic,yetweareonlyadozencountriesthatstillbarpeopleH.I.V.fromenteringourcountry.”

AfinalrulepublishedMondaywillendthetravelbaneffectiveJanuaryfourth.H.I.V.willnolongerbeaconditionthatcanexcludepeople.AndH.I.V.testingwillnolongerforthosewhoneedamedicalexaminationforimmigrationpurposes.AIDShaskilledmorethantwenty-fivepeoplesincetheearly1980s.

InSeptember,therewasnewsthatavaccineshowedsomeabilitytopreventH.I.V.infectioninhumansforthefirsttime.ThefullresultsofthevaccinestudywerepresentedinlaterOctoberataninternationalconferenceinParis.TheywerealsoreportedintheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine.TheresearchersconfirmedthatthestudyinThailandproducedonly“modest”results.

TheUnitedStatesArmysponsoredthevaccinetrial.Thestudycombinedtwovaccines,usingversionsofH.I.V.commoninThailand.Neithervaccinealonehadshownsuccessinearlierstudies.

Thairesearcherstestedthecombinationinmorethan16,000volunteers.Halfofthevolunteersgotthevaccine.Theothersgotaplacebo,aninactivesubstance.AllweregivencondomsandcounselingonAIDSpreventionforthreeyears.Thestudyfound31percentfewercasesofinfectioninthevaccinegroupthanintheplacebogroup.

Butcriticssaidthefindingscouldpossiblyhaveresultedfromchance.TheannouncementinSeptemberwasbasedonall16,000volunteers.Almostone-thirdofthem,howeverdidn’tfollowalltherequiredstepsinthestudy.Resultsjustfromthosewhodidweresimilartothelargergroup,buttheinfluenceofchanceiswaymoreofapossibility.

Still,theresearcherssaidthestudyproducedenoughvaluableinformationtooffernewhopesforAIDSresearch.

1.Accordingtothearticle,（）didnotwantpeoplewithH.I.V.virustoseekentrytoAmericatwentyyearsago.

2.Accordingtothisarticle,itwas（）whosponsoredthatmedicalexperimenttofindvaccineforH.I.V.carriers.

3.Fromthearticlewecaninferthat8,000volunteersin（）weregiventhevaccine.

4.Accordingtothearticle,whichoneofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

5.Accordingtothecritics,thefindingsofthetest（）.

问题1选项

A.GeorgeBush

B.Obama

C.theCongress

D.theSenate

问题2选项

A.theThaiGovernment

B.theFrenchGovernment

C.thescientistfromNewEngland

D.theUnitedStatesArmy

问题3选项

A.Thailand

B.theUnitedStatesofAmerica

C.France

D.Canada

问题4选项

A.AmericawastheonlycountrythatpreventedpeoplewithH.I.V.fromenteringthecountry.

B.OnlyafewcountriesrefusedtoissueentryvisatopeoplewithH.I.V.

C.TheconferenceheldinPariswasonAIDSprevention.

D.ThevaccinetestconductedinThailandproducedimportantresults.

问题5选项

A.hasproducedenoughvaluableinformation

B.shouldnotbetakenseriously

C.hasproducedreliablestatistics

D.haspavedasolidfoundationforfurtherresearch

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】1.事实细节题。根据第一段第二句“Thegovernmentlatertriedtocancel,itsdecision,butcongressmadethetravelbanapartofimmigrationlaw.”政府后来试图取消这一规定，但国会将旅行禁令作为移民法的一部分。由此可知，选项C正确。

2.事实细节题。根据第六段第一句“TheUnitedStatesArmysponsoredthevaccinetrial.”美国军方赞助了疫苗试验。由此可知，选项D正确。

3.事实细节题。根据第七段的一二句“Thairesearcherstestedthecombinationinmorethan16,000volunteers.Halfofthevolunteersgotthevaccine.Theothersgotaplacebo...”泰国研究人员对1.6万多名志愿者进行了测试。一半的志愿者接种了疫苗。另一半则使用安慰剂。由此可知选项A正确。

4.是非判断题。根据第三段最后一句“yetweareonlyadozencountriesthatstillbarpeopleH.I.V.fromenteringourcountry.”我国（美国）也是仅有的十几个禁止艾滋病人入境的国家之一。由此可知，选项A错误，选项B正确；根据第五段第二句“ThefullresultsofthevaccinestudywerepresentedinlaterOctoberataninternationalconferenceinParis.”可知，在巴黎举行的会议是公布研究结果而不是预防艾滋，所以选项C错误；根据第五段最后一句“TheresearchersconfirmedthatthestudyinThailandproducedonly'modest'results.”研究人员证实，在泰国进行的这项研究只产生了“温和”的结果，所以选项D也错误。

5.事实细节题。根据倒数第二段第一句“Butcriticssaidthefindingscouldpossiblyhaveresultedfromchance.”批评人士表示，这些发现可能是偶然的。选项B符合原文。

4.单选题

Whenabookgoesintotranslation,allthoselinguistic________getlost.

问题1选项

A.subtleties

B.manipulations

C.suppositions

D.complications

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.subtleties微妙之处B.manipulations操纵，操作

C.suppositions推断，推测D.complications复杂因素

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】空格处和下文的“getlost（丢失）”构成主谓逻辑，说明语言上的什么东西消失了。由前半句“Whenabookgoesintotranslation（当一本书被翻译时）”可知，翻译是将一种语言转换为另一种语言，所以在这个过程中会有一些语言上的精妙之处丢失。subtlety指细微但重要的地方，因此A选项subtleties“微妙之处”最符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

B选项manipulations“操纵，操作”指对某事物的控制或熟练地使用某物，不能和“linguistic（语言学）”进行搭配；

C选项suppositions“推断，推测”指没有证据的、推测出的想法，不符合题干的语义逻辑；

D选项complications“复杂因素”指难以理解、解释或处理的事物，不符合题干的语义逻辑。

【句意】当一本书被翻译时，所有那些语言上的微妙之处都丢失了。

5.单选题

LegislativesuccesswillcomeifMr.Obamaisskillfulpoliticallyandisabletowranglesupport

（）keylegislators（）keymomentsintheprocess.

问题1选项

A.from,at

B.between,and

C.from,to

D.outof,on

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定短语搭配。supportfrom“来自……的支持”，supportfromkeylegislators“来自主要议员的支持”；atkeymoment“在关键时刻”，因此A选项正确。

6.单选题

SapphiraandtheSlaveGirlwasthelastnovelofWillaCather’sdistinguishedliterarycareer.Beguninthelastsummerof1937andfinallycompletedin1941,itisoftenregardedbycriticsasoneofhermostpersonalworks.Althoughthestorytakesplacein1856,wellbeforeherownbirth,shedrewheavilyonbothvividchildhoodmemoriesandtaleshandeddownbyolderrelativestodescribelifeinruralnorthernVirginiainthemiddleofthe19thcentury.Sheevenwentonanextendedjourneytotheareatogivethestoryafurtherringofauthenticity.

OfallofCather’smanynovels,SapphiraandtheSlaveGirlistheonemostconcernedwithprovidinganoverallpictureofdaytodaylifeinaspecificera.Anumberofthenovel’scharacters,itwouldseem,areincludedinthestoryonlybecausetheyarerepresentativeofthetypeofpeopletobefoundin19th-centuryruralVirginia;indeed,afewofthemplaynopartwhatsoeverinunfoldingoftheplot.Forinstance,weareintroducedtoapoorwhitewomen,MandyRinger,whoisportrayedasintelligentandcontent,despitethefactthatshehasnoformaleducationandmusttoilconstantlyinthefields.AndwemeetDr.Clevenger,acountrydoctorwho,withhisrefinedmanners,evokesastrongimageofthepre-CivilWarSouth.

Thetitle,however,accuratelysuggeststhatthenovelismainlyaboutslavery.Cather’sattitudetowardthisinstitutionmaybestbesummedupassomewhatambiguous.Ontheonehand,shedisplaysalmosttotalindifferencetothelegalandpoliticalaspectsofslaverywhenshemisidentifiescertaincrucialdatesinitsgrowthanddevelopment.Nordoessheeverreallyofferadirectcondemnationofslavery.Yetontheotherhand,theevilofslaverygetsthroughtous.

Althoughintypicallysubtleways,thosecharacters,likeMrs.Blake,whoopposeinstitutionareportrayedinasympatheticlight.Furthermore,thesufferingoftheslavesthemselvesandthepetty,nasty,oftencruelbehavioroftheslaveownersarepaintedinharshterms.

AlthoughSapphiraandtheSlaveGirlwascertainlynotmeanttobeapoliticaltract,thenovelissometimesconsideredtobeadenunciationofbygonedays.Nothingcouldbefurtherfromthetruth.Inspiteofherwillingnesstoacknowledgethatparticularaspectsofthepastwerefarfromideal,WillaCatherwas,ifanything,abitofaromantic.Especiallyinthefinalyearsofherlife,anincreasingnoteofangerabouttheemptinessofthepresentcreptintoherwriting.Earliergenerations,sheconcluded,hadbeentherealheroes,therealcreatorofallthatwasgoodinAmerican.

1.InthediscussionofWillaCather’sSapphiraandtheSlaveGirl,theauthorreferstothebook

primarilyasa（）.

2.Inparagraph2,MandyRingerandDr.Clevengerarementionedinordertoemphasizewhichpoint

aboutSapphiraandtheSlaveGirl?

3.Accordingtotheauthor,whyisWillaCather'sattitudetowardslavery“somewhatambiguous”

(paragraphs)?

4.Incontext,“abitofaromantic”(paragraph4)suggeststhatWillaCather（）.

问题1选项

A.heroictaleoftheCivilWar

B.sweepingepicoftheoldSouth

C.politicaltreatiseonslavery.

D.storybasedonpersonalmaterial

问题2选项

A.OneofCather’spurposesinwritingthenovelwastopaintafullportraitoflifeinruralVirginiaintheyearsbeforetheCivilWar.

B.ThenoveldisplayCather’smixedfeelingaboutslavery

C.Cathertookfouryearstocompletethenovelbecauseshecarefullyresearchedhercharacters.

D.AnumberofthecharactersinthenovelarebasedonpeopleCatherknewinherchildhood.

问题3选项

A.Shewasignorantofthelegalandpoliticalaspectsofslaveryeventhoughshewasakeenobserverofhistory.

B.Shewasanenemyofslaverybutrefrainedfromgettinginvolvedinpoliticalissues.

C.Shesympathizedequallywithbothslavesandslaveowners.

D.Shedidnotdenounceslaverydirectbutcriticizeditinmoreroundaboutways.

问题4选项

A.favoredthepastoverthepresent.

B.condemnedtheevilsofslavery

C.dislikewritingaboutlifeinthe1930th

D.denouncedcertainaspectsof19th-centurylife.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是“在讨论Willa的《莎菲拉与女奴》这本书时，作者将这本书看成是……”。文章第一段第三句话提到这本书描述了“19世纪中期美国弗吉尼亚州北部的乡村生活”（lifeinruralnorthernVirginiainthemiddleofthe19thcentury），由此可知选项B“对过去美国南方的描述”符合题意。

2.推理判断题。题目问的是“第二段中提到MandyRinger和Cleveenger是为了说明这部小说哪个特点？”文章第二段第一句提到“专注于描绘特定时代人们日常生活的整体画面”（concernedwithprovidinganoverallpictureofdaytodaylifeinaspecificera），第二句话提到“小说中许多人物似乎只是因为他们代表了19世纪弗吉尼亚农村的典型人物，才出现在故事中”（Anumberofthenovel’scharacters,itwouldseem,areincludedinthestoryonlybecausetheyarerepresentativeofthetypeofpeopletobefoundin19th-centuryruralVirginia），可知后面提到的人物就是为了论证这一句话，因此选项A“写这本小说的目的之一就是要全面描绘内战前弗吉尼亚农村的生活”符合题意。

3.细节事实题。题目问的是“根据作者描述，为什么她对奴隶制度的态度是有些模糊的？”文章第三段最后两句提到“她从未直接谴责过奴隶制。然后，另一方面，让我们知道了奴隶制的罪恶”(Nordoessheeverreallyofferadirectcondemnationofslavery.Yet,ontheotherhand,theevilofslaverygetsthroughtous)，选项D“她没有直接谴责奴隶制，而是以更迂回的方式进行了批判”符合题意。

4.推理判断题。题目问的是“第四段中的abitofaromantic暗示着Willa……”。文章第四段最后两句提到“在她生命的最后几年，一种对当下空虚的愤怒之情悄悄暗含在她的作品。她总结道，前几代人是真正的英雄，是美国所有美好事物的真正创造者”（Especiallyinthefinalyearsofherlife,anincreasingnoteofangerabouttheemptinessofthepresentcreptintoherwriting.Earliergenerations,sheconcluded,hadbeentherealheroes,therealcreatorofallthatwasgoodinAmerican），由此可知选项A“她喜欢过去胜于现在”符合题意。

7.单选题

Asawisemanoncesaid,weareallultimatelyalone.ButanincreasingnumberofEuropeansarechoosingtobesoatanevenearlierage.Thisisn’tthestuffofgloomyphilosophicalcontemplations,butafactofEurope’sneweconomiclandscape,embracedbysociologists,real-estatedevelopersandadexecutivesalike.Theshiftawayfromfamilylifetosololifestyle,observesaFrenchsociologist,ispartofthe“irresistiblemomentumofindividualism”overthelastcentury.Thecommunicationsrevolutiontheshiftfromabusinesscultureofstabilitytooneofmobilityandthemassentryofwomenintotheworkforcehavegreatlywreakedhavocon（扰乱）European’sprivatelives.

Europe’sneweconomicclimatehaslargelyfosteredthetrendtowardindependence.Thecurrentgenerationofhome-alonerscameofageduringEurope’sshiftfromsocialdemocracytothesharper,moreindividualisticclimateofAmerican-stylecapitalism.Raisedinaneraofprivatizationandincreasedconsumerchoice,today’stech-savvy（精通技术的）workershaveembracedafreemarketinloveaswellaseconomics.ModernEuropeansarerichenoughtoaffordtolivealone,andtemperamentallyindependentenoughtowanttodoso.

Onceuponatime,peoplewholivedalonetendedtobethoseoneithersideofmarriage—twentysomethingprofessionalsorwidowedseniorcitizens.Whilepensioners,particularlyelderlywomen,makeupalargeproportionofthoselivingalone,thenewestcropofsinglesarehighearnersintheir30sand40swhoincreasinglyviewlivingaloneasalifestylechoice.Livingalonewasconceivedtobenegativedarkandcold,whilebeingtogethersuggestedwarmthandlight.Butthencamealongtheideaofsingles.Theywereyoung,beautifulandstrong!Now,youngpeoplewanttolivealone.

Theboomingeconomymeanspeopleareworkingharderthanever.Andthatdoesn’tleavemuchroomforrelationships.PimpiArroyo,a35-year-oldcomposerwholivesaloneinahouseinParis,sayshehasn’tgottimetogetlonelybecausehehastoomuchwork.“Ihavedeadlineswhichwouldmakelifewithsomeoneelsefairlydifficult.”Onlyanidealwomanwouldmakehimchangehislifestyle,hesays.Kaufrnann,authorofarecentbookcalled“TheSingleWomanandPrinceCharming,”thinksthisfiercenewindividualismmeansthatpeopleexpectmoreandmoreofmates,sorelationshipsdon’tlastlongiftheystartatall.EppendorfablondBerlinerwithadeeptan,teachesgradeschoolinthemornings.Intheafternoonshesunbathesorsleeps,restingupforgoingdancing.Justshyof50,shesaysshe’dneverhavewantedtodowhathermotherdidgiveupacareertoraiseafamily.Instead,“I’vealwaysdonewhatIwantedtodo:liveaself-determinedlife.”

1.MoreandmoreyoungEuropeansremainsinglebecause（

）.

2.WhatissaidaboutEuropeansocietyinthepassage?

3.AccordingtoParagraph3,thenewestgroupofsinglesare

（

）.

4.TheauthorquotesEppendorftoshowthat

（

）.

5.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?

问题1选项

A.theyaredrivenbyanoverwhelmingsenseofindividualism

B.theyhaveenteredtheworkforceatamuchearlierage

C.theyhaveembracedabusinesscultureofstability

D.theyarepessimisticabouttheireconomicfuture

问题2选项

A.Ithasfosteredthetrendtowardssmallfamilies.

B.ItisgettingclosertoAmericanstylecapitalism.

C.Ithaslimitedconsumerchoicedespiteafreemarket.

D.Itisbeingthreatenedbyirresistibleprivatization.

问题3选项

A.warmandlightheated

B.oneithersideofmarriage

C.negativeandgloomy

D.healthyandwealthy

问题4选项

A.somemodernwomenpreferalifeofindividualfreedom

B.thefamilyisnolongerthebasicunitofsocietyinpresent-dayEurope

C.someprofessionalpeoplehavetoomuchworktodotofeellonely

D.mostEuropeansconceivelivingasinglelifeasunacceptable

问题5选项

A.Toreviewtheimpactofwomenbecominghighearners.

B.Tocontemplatethephilosophyunderlyingindividualism.

C.Toexaminethetrendofyoungpeoplelivingalone.

D.Tostresstherebuildingofpersonalrelationships.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的Theshiftawayfromfamilylifetosololifestyle,observesaFrenchsociologist,ispartofthe"irresistiblemomentumofindividualism"overthelastcentury.（一位法国社会学家认为，从家庭生活到独处生活方式的转变，是上个世纪“不可抗拒的个人主义势头”的一部分）可知A选项“他们受到强烈的个人主义的驱使”符合题意。

2.细节事实题。由文章第二段中的Thecurrentgenerationofhome-alonerscameofageduringEurope'sshiftfromsocialdemocracytothesharper,moreindividualisticclimateofAmerican-stylecapitalism.（在欧洲从社会民主向更尖锐、更个人主义的美国式资本主义转变的过程中，当代的独居者逐渐成熟）可知B选项“欧洲社会越来越接近美国式的资本主义”符合题意。

3.细节事实题。由文章第三段中的thenewestcropofsinglesarehighearnersintheir30sand40swhoincreasinglyviewlivingaloneasalifestylechoiceTheywereyoung,beautifulandstrong!（最新一批单身人士是三四十岁的高收入者，他们越来越认为独居是一种生活方式的选择……他们年轻，漂亮，强壮！）可知D选项“健康和富有”符合题意。

4.细节事实题。由文章最后一段中I'vealwaysdonewhatIwantedtodo:liveaself-determinedlife.（我总是做我想做的事：过一种自主的生活）可知A选项“一些现代女性更喜欢个人自由的生活”符合题意。

5.主旨大意题。文章第一段讲述了越来越多的欧洲人选择在年轻时保持单身；第二段讲述了欧洲经济的发展促进了独立趋势，使人们具有独立生活的能力；第三段讲述了越来越多的高收入者选择独居生活；第四段举例人们选择单身的原因与个人事业发展有关。本文一直都是围绕单身这个主题来展开阐述，已经成为一种趋势，因此C选项“研究年轻人独居的趋势”符合题意。

8.单选题

Tidalactionisaverycomplicatedphenomenoninvolvingmanyfactorsallofwhichmustbeconsideredtopredicttideinanyoneplaceandatanyonetime.Thealternateriseandfallofthesurfaceoftheseasandtheoceanismainlycausedbytheattractiveforceofthemoonalone.Whentheattractionisgreat,thetideishigh;andconverselywhentheattractionisminimal,thetideislow.Betweenthehightideandthelowtideisaperiodofalittleoversixhours,beingcalledduringitsriseafloodtide,andduringitsfallanebbtide.

Thesunalsoexertsitseffectonthetide,beingalittlelessthanhalfasmuchasthemoon,althoughit’smassissomuchgreater.Whenthemoonandthesunarehorizontal,thehighesthightideoccursandwhentheyareverticalthelowestlowtidetakesplace.

Thewindalsoplaysanimportantpartinthemodificationofthenormalriseandfallofthetide.Thusthesefactorsaffecteachother,eitherdistractingoraddingtotheattractiveforcestoaddorsubtractfromtheheightofthetide.Butthetidesstillmoveinexorablyon,risingtwiceaday,gettinglittlelatereachdayandposingaproblemofcorrectlypredictingtheirheightsandlows.

46.Theprincipalideasofthearticleconcerns（）.

47.WhichofthefollowingfactorsisNOTmentionedasaffectingthetide?

48.Itcanbeconcludedfromthearticlethattheattractionofthesunis（）.

49.Ifthefirsthightidetakesplaceat1:00a.m.thenexthightidewillprobablytakeplaceat（）.

50.Accordingtothearticle,itisclearthattheroleofthemoon（）.

问题1选项

A.theattractionofthesunandthemoon

B.tidalwaves

C.thesun,themoonandthewind

D.featureswhichaffectthetide

问题2选项

A.Thesun

B.Themoon

C.Thewinds

D.Thedepthoftheocean

问题3选项

A.lessthanhalfthatofthemoon

B.morethanhalfthatofthemoon

C.morethanthatofthemoon

D.lessthantwicethatofthemoon

问题4选项

A.7:20a.m.

B.8:00a.m.

C.1:45p.m.

D.highnoon

问题5选项

A.isnotasimportantasthatofthewind

B.islessthanthatofthesun

C.causesthealternateriseandfallofthesurfaceoftheseas

D.haslittleinfluenceonthetide

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】46.主旨大意题。根据本文的第一句Ti