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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-南通大学考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Therearetwobasicwaystoseepersonalgrowth:oneasaproduct,whichcaneasilybeidentifiedandmeasured;theotherasaprocess,which,(

),ismuchmoredifficulttodetermine.

问题1选项

A.inaddition

B.bycontrast

C.furthermore

D.likewise

【答案】B

【解析】副词固定词组词义辨析。本题需要分析前后两句的关系,通过句意‘从两个基本的方法可以看出个人成长:一个是结果,能够很轻易地被识别和衡量;另一个就是过程,相比之下就很难被决定。’是将两者进行比较。A选项inaddition“除此之外,此外”,意思上的递进;B选项bycontrast“相比之下,与之相比”,正确;C选项furthermore“此外,而且”,也是意思上的递进;D选项likewise“同样地,也”。故应选B项

2.单选题

Thepublicattachedgreatimportancetothenewsthatpricesofhousingwouldbebroughtundercontrol.

问题1选项

A.joined

B.ascribed

C.fastened

D.diverted

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。attach表示“依附,附加”,attachimportanceto表示“重视,着重于”;A项join“参加”,B项ascribe“归因于,归咎于”,C项fasten“使之固定”,D项divert“转移”。句意:公众对房价将得到控制的消息非常重视。根据句意可知,只有ascribe能与greatimportance匹配,故该题B项正确。

3.单选题

Asthegreatlowebbofhightechsweepsthroughtheworldofonlinecommerce,twokindsofsitesareweatheringthestorm.Thefirstgroupisoftenreferredtoas“clicksandmortar”——onlineextensionsofstoreslikeWalmartorSears.Theytakeanexisting,traditionalbusinessandextenditintotheonlinearena.ThesecondgroupprovidesauniqueservicemadepossiblebytheInternet’sspecialcharacteristics.Jobsitesandonlineauctioneere-BayarebothgoodexamplesofthenewbreedofbusinessthattheInternetcontinuestofoster.

Cisoneofthelattergroup.It’sawebsitethatprovidesuserswithonlinestoreswheretheycansellshirts,mugs,andmousepadscustomizedwiththeirownlogosand/orslogans.Byitself,thisisafairlyusefulservice,andanexampleofhowtheInternethaschangedtheartofmarketingandcustomerservice.

C,however,isratherremarkableforanotherreason.Customersdon’tneedtoprintlargelotsofitems.Theydon’tneedtoworryaboutshippingthegoodstotheircustomers.Andtheydon’tneedtotalktoanotherhumanbeingtogettheirstore“built”inthefirstplace.Thesiteletsyouuploadanimageandchoosewhatsortofitemyou’dlikeittoappearon.Youcanthenchoosehowmuchtomarktheitemup—thedifferencebetweentheitem’sbasecostandyourmark-uppriceisyourprofit.

Basepricesarehigh,butunderstandablewhenyouconsiderwhatdoesfortheinitialinvestment.An11-ouncemugstartsat$10.99.Forthat,printsthemugonapiece-by-piecebasis,providestheorderingsoftware,handlesthemoney,packsit,andshipsitforyou.Themug’spurchaserpaysshippingandhandlingcosts;thestoreowner’seffortislimitedtouploadingtheoriginalimageforthemug,settingthecost,andwritingabriefdescriptionoftheitem.

Itseemstobecatchingon.“Moreandmorecompaniescometous,whowanttodosomekindofmerchandising,whowanttoofferarangeofproductstotheirusers,butdon’twantthehassles(麻烦事)associatedwithit,”saysMaheeshJain,cafepress.corn’sco-founderandvice-president.“That’swherewecomein—we'reoneofthefewcompaniesthatofferthiskindoffull-servicesolution.”

Butthemostexcitingaspectofisnotitsabilitytohelpmajorcorporationsoutsource(外包)andcustomizetheirmerchandisingefforts.What’sremarkableaboutthesystemishowsimpleitistoopenastore.Anaverageindividualwithanideathatcouldsell50T-shirtsormugscan’tjustifyatraditionalmerchandisingeffort,butwith,userscaneasilybringideastofruition(完成)withverylittletimeandnofinancialrisk.Moreover,thequalityofthemerchandiseisgood;I’veorderedamugandashirtfrom,andbothwereshippedrelativelypromptly,andarrivedexactlyaspromised.Cisanideathat’seasytogetexcitedabout.It’sasmall—buttangibleexampleofhowtheInternetcanchangethewaywelive.

1.Theexpression“weatheringthestorm”inthefirstsentencemeans(

).

2.Thefirstkindofsitediffersfromthesecondkindofsiteinthat

).

3.WhichofthefollowingaboutCisNOTtrue?

4.WhatkindofcustomersneedCmostaccordingtoitsvice-president?

5.WhatisthemostoutstandingaboutCaccordingtotheauthor?

问题1选项

A.survivingacrisis

B.comingintobeing

C.strugglinginthestorm

D.beingdominatedbyastormyhightechwave

问题2选项

A.thefirstkindsellscommoditieswhilethesecondoffersservice

B.thefirstkindextendsitemssoldbeyondthetraditionalcategories

C.thesecondkindisrisingwhilethefirstkindisdecliningintheworldofonlinecommerce

D.thesecondkindoffersuntraditionaljobstopeopleexperiencedillauctioning

问题3选项

A.Itscustomersarethosewhowanttosellthingsratherthanbuythings.

B.It,alongwithsimilarsites,haschangedthetraditionalwayofmarketing.

C.Itkeepsitsprofittoaminimuminordertoattractonlinecustomers.

D.Itsusersdon'thavetotransacttheitemstobesoldface-to-facewiththeircustomers.

问题4选项

A.Thosewhosellagreatvarietyofitems.

B.Thosewhosellunconventionalcommodities.

C.Thosewhowanttoavoidthetroubleofnegotiatingwithclients.

D.Thosewhohaveproblemkeepingtheircommoditiesmoving.

问题5选项

A.Thehelpitoffersmajorcompaniesinmarketingtheircommodities.

B.Theconveniencesitgivestocompaniesinsellingtheircommodities.

C.Thehighqualityofthemerchandiseitofferstocustomers.

D.Thespeedandsecurityitoffersuserstoputtheirideasintopractice.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.词义题。“weatherthestorm”中的thestorm是指前面的“thegreatlowebbofhightech(高科技的低谷)”,由文章第一段中的最后一句Jobsitesandonlineauctioneere-BayarebothgoodexamplesofthenewbreedofbusinessthattheInternetcontinuestofoster.(Jobsites和onlineauctioneere-Bay都是互联网继续培育的商务新品种的好例子)可推测“twokindsofsites(两类网站)”经受住了这次高科技的低谷,并生存了下来,因此A选项“危机中生存”符合题意。

2.细节事实题。根据题干的关键词thefirskindofsite和thesendkindofsite定位到文章第一段中,由第一段第二三四句Thefirstgroupisoftenreferredtoas“clicksandmortar”—onlineextensionsofstoreslikeWalmartorSears.Theytakeanexisting,traditionalbusinessandextenditintotheonlinearena.ThesecondgroupprovidesauniqueservicemadepossiblebytheInternet'sspecialcharacteristics.(第一种通常被称为“实体与虚拟结合的商店”——Walmart或Sears等商店的在线扩展。他们将现有的传统业务扩展到在线领域。第二种提供了一种独特的服务,这是由于互联网的特殊性而得以实现的)可知第一种卖产品,而第二种卖服务,因此A选项“第一种是销售商品,第二种是提供服务”符合题意。

3.细节事实题。由文章第四段第一句Basepricesarehigh,butunderstandablewhenyouconsiderwhatdoesfortheinitialinvestment.(基础价格很高这是可以理解的,考虑到CafeP为初始投资所做的工作)可知C选项“为了吸引在线客户,它将利润降到最低”表示不正确。

4.细节事实题。根据题干关键词vice-president定位到文章倒数第二段中,由Moreandmorecompaniescometous,whowanttodosomekindofmerchandising,whowanttoofferarangeofproductstotheirusers,butdon’twantthehasslesassociatedwithit(越来越多的公司来找我们,他们想做某种商品销售,他们想向他们的用户提供一系列的产品,但他们不想做与之相关的麻烦事)可知C选项“那些想避免与客户谈判的麻烦的人”符合题意。

5.细节事实题。根据题干关键词themostoutstandingaboutC定位到文章最后一段中,由What’sremarkableaboutthesystemishowsimpleitistoopenastore(这个系统值得注意的是,开一家商店是多么简单)和butwith,userscaneasilybringideastofruitionwithverylittletimeandnofinancialrisk(但是,使用,用户可以轻松地将想法在短时间内实现,而且没有财务风险)可知D选项“它为用户提供了快速将他们的想法付诸实践的安全性”符合题意。

4.单选题

Peoplelikebeingtrusted.Theyareannoyed,angry,orfeelhurtiftheyareregardedwith(1).Theythinkthattheyare(2)aninjustice.Theylikebeingtrustedfortworeasons:(l)Itisatributetotheirhonesty,truth,strength,(3),kindnessandgoodcharacter;(2)Theyfinditeasiertocheatothers.Thesetwo(4)Suggestwhatourattitudetowardstrustin(5)shouldbe.Itisnotasimpleattitude.Wemustkeepabalancebetweentwo(6)oversuspiciousnessandinfantilenaivety.

Aparalleltoourtrustinpeoplecouldbeourtrustinnatural(7).Howevercarefulweare,wecannotguarantee(8)safetyforourselvesinthephysicalworld,yetweactas(9)wecantrustanorderedseriesofphysicalevents.Wetakethebustoworkinthemorning(10)thatwewillarrivesafelyatourofficeorschool.Wehaveno(11)thatwewill.Thebuscouldbe(12)inanaccident.

Ifwewereto(13)everyaccidentthatmighthappentouswewouldneverdoanything.

Wewouldjustremainsittingathome.Eventhenwecouldneverbeabsolutely(14)thattheceilingwouldnotcollapseonus.(15)wearetodoanythingatall,wemusttakerisks.Ofcoursewetrytoreduceriskstoa(16)。

Similarlywithregardtopeople,trustingtheminvolvestakingtherisksofbeing(17).Nottrustingthemplacesusoutsidetheareaofcommunityactivity,(18)trustisanessentialbondincommunityliving.Inacompetitive,materialisticworlditwouldbe(19)totrusteveryoneineverything.However,weshouldwidentheareaoftrustasfaraspossible.Wecannoteliminateallrisksinsuchtrust(20)weshouldlessenthemasfaraspossiblebyrelianceonintelligenceandexperienceworthourownandthoseofadultswhosereliabilityhasbeenproven.

问题1选项

A.superstition

B.supervision

C.suspicion

D.suspension

问题2选项

A.suffering

B.challenging

C.releasing

D.offending

问题3选项

A.occupation

B.performance

C.recommendation

D.intelligence

问题4选项

A.reasons

B.examples

C.facts

D.truths

问题5选项

A.another

B.others

C.other

D.anyone

问题6选项

A.ends

B.extremes

C.spots

D.sides

问题7选项

A.matters

B.occasions

C.events

D.situations

问题8选项

A.mechanical

B.material

C.relevant

D.absolute

问题9选项

A.if

B.that

C.as

D.long

问题10选项

A.given

B.provided

C.such

D.so

问题11选项

A.measurement

B.calculation

C.guarantee

D.optimism

问题12选项

A.evolved

B.enclosed

C.engaged

D.involved

问题13选项

A.makeuseof

B.takeadvantageof

C.takeaccountof

D.makecertainof

问题14选项

A.certain

B.doubtful

C.suspicions

D.indifferent

问题15选项

A.Unless

B.If

C.Lest

D.Before

问题16选项

A.dilemma

B.minimum

C.maximum

D.reduction

问题17选项

A.flattered

B.assured

C.deceived

D.convinced

问题18选项

A.however

B.so

C.therefore

D.because

问题19选项

A.evident

B.unwise

C.creative

D.romantic

问题20选项

A.but

B.or

C.and

D.also

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:B

第6题:B

第7题:C

第8题:D

第9题:A

第10题:D

第11题:C

第12题:D

第13题:C

第14题:A

第15题:B

第16题:B

第17题:C

第18题:D

第19题:B

第20题:A

【解析】(1)形近词辨析。前一句句意:人们乐于得到别人的信任,因此推断此句意为:而当不被信任时.人们会感到气恼、生气或受到伤害”,故该空应填trust的反义词。结合选项考虑,应填suspicion。toberegardedwithsuspicion表示“受到猜疑,不被人信任”。

(2)动词辨析。此处应填一个谓语动词的现在分词形式。句意为:他们觉得自己了不公正待遇。Suffer遭受;challenge挑战;release释放;offend冒犯。故选A。

(3)名词辨析。该句提到,“赋予信任是对人们的诚实、求真、能力、、善良和好性格的尊敬”,据此推测这个空也应相应选择intelligence。occupation职业;performance表现;recommendation推荐;intelligence智力。

(4)语义连接。根据上文中的“Theylikebeingtrustedfortworeasons”推测此处选A项。

(5)代词辨析。句意:这两个原因说明了我们对他人的信任所应持有的态度。another另一个人;other不加复数时必须跟名词,或者与any,another连用。anyone—般用在否定句与疑问句中。因此选B项others。

(6)名词辨析。句意:我们必须在过度猜疑和天真幼稚这两个极端之间保持平衡。

(7)名词辨析。我们对人们的信任可以和我们对自然的信任类比。下文提示:Wecantrustanorderedseriesofphysicalevents。因此推测此处选C项events。

(8)形容词辨析。句意:不管我们多么小心,我们也无法保证我们在世界中的安全。mechanical机械的;material物质的;relevant相关的;absolute绝对的。

(9)固定搭配。asif表示“似乎”,“我们表现得似乎”。

(10)连词辨析。句意:我们早上坐公车,安全达到办公室或学校,这里应该填一个连词。given作连词指“考虑到”;provided表示“如果”,是一种假设,such不能这样用,因此D项正确,表示“因此,以便”。

(11)名词辨析。参照第18空的那句话:我们无法保证…,因此此处为“保证”的名词形式。measurement为尺寸,度量calculation计算;guarantee保证;optimism乐观。

(12)固定搭配。tobeinvolvedinsth.指“牵扯到,卷入到”,一般指不好的事件。

(13)短语辨析。如果我们每一场可能的发生在我们身上的事故,那我们什么都不能做了。”显然应当是“考虑、担心”,takeaccountof固定短语,指“考虑,将...并入到考虑范围内”。其他选项maleuseof,takeadvantageof都是“利用”的意思,takeaccountof考虑,将...并入到考虑范围内;makecertainof确定。因此C项符合句意。

(14)形容词辨析。我们不能老是对危险惴惴不安,否则我们得一直待在家里。即使待在家里,也不能屋顶不会塌下来。Certain确定,肯定。

(15)逻辑分析。句意:我们想做点什么事,任何事,都必须承担风险。因此B项if(如果)符合句意。

(16)名词辨析。句意:我们得承担风险,但是可以将风险降到最低。

(17)动词辨析。句意:与人打交道类似,相信别人可能有被的风险。flattered被奉承,assure是确定,一般不用在被动语态,过去分词assured作形容词,指“确定的,确信的”;deceived被欺骗;convinced确信。故C项符合句意。

(18)逻辑分析。句意:不相信别人会让我们被排除在大家的活动之外,信任是大家一起生活至关重要的纽带。前后为因果关系,故选D。

(19)形容词辨析。信任所有人所有事是明显。evident明显的,unwise理智的,creative创新的,romantic浪漫的。故B项符合句意。

(20)逻辑分析。句意:我们不能消除所有风险,我们可以尽可能减少。前后为转折关系,故选A。

5.单选题

Thenewsthatthecompanyisbeingtakenoverbyforeigninvestorshasseverely()thestockmarkets.

问题1选项

A.vibrated

B.swung

C.trembled

D.jolted

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。vibrate“使震动,使摇摆”,指急速地连续震动,也指钟摆等来回摆动;swing“使摇摆,使旋转”;tremble“发抖,颤动”;jolt“使震惊,使颠簸”。句意:公司被国外投资者接管的消息深深震惊了股市。选项D符合题意。

6.单选题

()dullhemaybe,heiscertainlyaverysuccessfultopexecutive.

问题1选项

A.Although

B.Whatever

C.As

D.However

【答案】D

【解析】句意:不管他多么无趣,但是他确实是一位非常成功的高级管理人员。

考查连词辨析。although尽管,虽然,然而(其后跟正常语序的句子);whatever无论什么;as因为,随着,虽然(引导让步状语从句时,该从句中的表语成分一般放在句首),当…时;however不管怎样(接副词或形容词)。由句意可知前后为让步关系。故选D。

7.单选题

Sharkshaveanundeservedreputationforbeingbloodthirstykillersthatroutinelymakesnacksoutoftourists.Althoughtheriskofgettingeatenbyasharkisextremelysmall,thesamecannotbesaidforunderwaterfiber-opticcablesthatcarrydataaroundtheworld.

Itseemssharkshaveamightycravingforthesevitalintercontinentalcommunicationlinks,whichhassetGoogleonamissiontoreinforceitstrans—PacificcablesbywrappingtheminaKevlar—likematerial.GoogleproductmanagerDanBelcherrevealedtheirshark-proofingeffortsatamarketingmeetinginBoston,NetworkWorldreports.

Butwhyaresharkszeroinginonourglobalcommunicationnetworks?SharkshaveanuncannyabilitytosenseelectromagneticfieldsinthewaterusingtinydetectorsintheirsnoutscalledampullaofLorenzini.Theorgans,whichlooklikefreckles,senseevenminutechangestoelectricalfieldsinthewater,helpingsharksfindprey,navigateorlocatefiber-opticcables.

“Nodoubttheelectromagneticfeldsassociatedwiththesewiresarehighlyattractivetothesesharks,”GeorgeBurgess,directoroftheFloridaProgramforSharkResearch,toldUSA.

Interestingly,sharksdon’tseemtobeluredtotheoldercoppercablesthatrununderwater.It’sledtospeculationthatsharksconfusethehigh-voltage,magneticemissionsfromfiber-opticcableswiththesignalsgivenoffbyfish.Updatedcableswillthuslikelyprotectthesharksandreduceenergy-wastingattacks.

Sharkshavebeengivingglobalcommunicationscompaniesheadachessincethe1980s.AccordingtotheNewYorkTime,afewsharkteethwerefoundplantedinacableoftheCanaryIslandsin1985.Everyyear,morethan50repairsareneededonunderseatranscontinentalcommunicationlinesduetodamagefromwildlife,fishingtrawlersandearthquakes,TheGuardianreports.

Google’sreinforcedcableswillbeinstalledaspartofanew$300millionsystemconnectingtheUnitedStatestoJapan,accordingtoapressreleasefromprojectpartnerNEC.ItwillresultinanInternetconnectionthatrelaysinformationacrossthePacificOceanat60terabytespersecond.That’sgoodnewsforInternetusers,butmaybethesharkshaveahiddenreason:Perhapsthey’resimplyfedupwithfear-mongeringdocumentariesthatcasttheminanegativelight.

1.Whatdoes“thesame”inParagraph1referto?

2.WhatisemphasizedinParagraph2?

3.Whydosharksbitefiber-opticcables?

4.Itcanbelearnedthatsharks().

5.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Thekillersmakingsnacksoutoftourists.

B.Theriskofgettingeatenbysharks.

C.Theundeservedreputationofsharks.

D.Thesmallchanceofsharkattacks.

问题2选项

A.Thedamagetocablescausedbysharks.

B.Thecostofunderseacablelines.

C.Thefunctionofunderwatercameras.

D.Thedevelopmentofunderseacables.

问题3选项

A.Theymistakecablesforfish.

B.Theylikebitingcable-shapedobjects.

C.Theyarecuriousaboutcables.

D.Theyenjoythetasteofcables.

问题4选项

A.likebothcoppercablesandfiber-opticcables

B.prefercoppercablestofiber-opticcables

C.areattractedtofiber-opticcablesonly

D.areattractedtocoppercablesonly

问题5选项

A.Sharksarenobloodthirstykillers.

B.Howsharkspicksignalsfromcables.

C.Sharksbenefitfromelectricalfield.

D.Fiber-opticcablesaresharks’prey.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.词义猜测题。由“Althoughtheriskofgettingeatenbyasharkisextremelysmall,thesamecannotbesaidforunderwaterfiber-opticcablesthatcarrydataaroundtheworld.(尽管被鲨鱼吃掉的风险非常小,但在全球范围内传输数据的水下光缆却并非如此。)”可知,虽然人类被鲨鱼吃掉的风险很小,但是水下光缆被鲨鱼吃掉的风险却并非如此。所以thesame表示被鲨鱼吃掉的风险。A选项“鲨鱼拿游客当点心”;C选项“鲨鱼被冤枉的名声”;D选项“被鲨鱼攻击的几率很小”都与上下文不符,因此B选项“被鲨鱼吃掉的风险”正确。

2.主旨大意题。第二段的最后一句话说到“GoogleproductmanagerDanBelcherrevealedtheirshark-proofingeffortsatamarketingmeetinginBoston,NetworkWorldreports.(据《网络世界》报道,谷歌产品经理丹•贝尔彻在波士顿的市场营销会议上透露了他们的防鲨鱼努力。)”,说明为了防止鲨鱼对电缆的破坏,人们做了很多努力,所以该段落更侧重于暗示鲨鱼对电缆造成的破坏。B选项“海底电缆线路的费用”在第二段没有表现出来;C选项“水下相机的功能”第二段没有提到;D选项“海底电缆的发展”第二段也没有提到。因此A选项“鲨鱼对电缆造成的损坏”正确。

3.事实细节题。文章第五段写道“It’sledtospeculationthatsharksconfusethehigh-voltage,magneticemissionsfromfiber-opticcableswiththesignalsgivenoffbyfish.(人们猜测鲨鱼会将光纤电缆发出的高压磁辐射与鱼类发出的信号相混淆。)”,所以鲨鱼会咬电缆是因为错把它们当成了鱼类。B选项“它们喜欢咬电缆形状的物体”文中没有提到;C选项“它们对电缆很好奇”;D选项“它们喜欢电缆的味道”都与原文不符,因此A选项“它们把电缆错当成了鱼”正确。

4.事实细节题。文章第五段写道“Interestingly,sharksdon’tseemtobeluredtotheoldercoppercablesthatrununderwater.(有趣的是,鲨鱼似乎不会被海底的旧铜电缆所吸引。)”,由此可知,鲨鱼只被光纤电缆吸引。A选项“铜电缆和光纤电缆都喜欢”;B选项“更喜欢铜电缆而不是光纤电缆”;D选项“只被铜电缆吸引”都与原文意思相悖,因此C选项“只被光纤电缆吸引”正确。

5.主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了鲨鱼对电缆光纤的破坏。A选项“鲨鱼不是嗜血的杀手”文中并没有侧重讲解;B选项“鲨鱼如何从电缆中接收信号”文章也没有提到;C选项“鲨鱼受益于电场”说法错误;D选项“光纤电缆是鲨鱼的受害者”更准确,因此D选项正确。

8.单选题

Since2004,some60millionvisitorstotheUShavehadtheirtwoindexfingerprintsrecordedbyanscanner(

).

问题1选项

A.opposite

B.organic

C.occasional

D.optical

【答案】D

【解析】形容词词义辨析。A选项opposite“对面的,相反的”;B选项organic“有机的,组织的”;C选项occasional“偶然的,临吋的”;D选项optical‘视觉的,光学的,光读取的”;根据被修饰词scanner确定D选项正确。

9.单选题

Haveyoueverfeltyourlifegointoslowmotionasyourealizesomethingbadishappening?Youmighthavejustknockedoverawineglassornoticedacarhurtlingtowardsyou,forexample.Nowscientistshavemeasuredexactlyhowmuchtheseattention-grabbingeventsslowdownourperceptionoftheworldaroundus.

Anotherexampleoftheworldappearingtoslowdowniswhenyouarehangingonthephonewaitingforsomeonetopickupattheotherend.Ifyourattentionwanderswhileyou’rewaiting,thensuddenlyswitchesback,youwillprobablyhearwhatseemslikealongerthanusualsilencebeforehearingthedialingtoneagain.Foryou,timewillhavemomentarilyslowed.

Toseehowourperceptionoftimechangeswhensomethingnewhappens,VincentWalshandhiscolleaguesputheadphonesonvolunteersandplayedeightbeepstotheirrightears.Thegapbetweeneachbeepwasexactly1second,exceptforthegapbetweenthefourthandfifthbeeps,whichthescientistscouldmakeshorterorlonger.Theyalteredthelengthofthisgapuntilthevolunteersestimateditwasthesamelengthastheothergaps.Theresearchersfoundthat,onaverage,peoplejudgeasecondslightlyshort,at955milliseconds.

Inthesecondpartoftheexperiment,thefirstfourbeepswereplayedtothesubject’srightear,buttheotherfourwerethenplayedtotheirleft.Again,thevolunteerswereaskedtoestimatewhenthegapbetweenthefourthandfifthbeepswasthesameastheothers.Thistimetheyjudgedasecondtobeevenshorteras825millisecondslong.

Perceivingasecondtobemuchshorterthanitismakesyoufeelasthoughtheworldhasgoneintoslowmotion,sincelesshappensinthatsliceoftime.Walshthinkstheeffectcouldhaveevolvedtogiveusafractionmoretimetoreacttopotentiallythreateningevents.

Lastyear,KieranYarrow,aBritishpsychologistfoundasimilareffectwithvision.Whenyouglanceataclock,thefirstsecondwillseemlongerthanitreallyis.

Yarrow’sresultsshowedthattimeappeartoslowdownbyasimilaramountasWalshfound.Previousstudieshaveshownthatcoolingthebodyslowsdownourperceptionoftimewhilewarmingituphastheoppositeeffect.

1.Afteryounoticedacarhurtlingtowardsyou,youmightfeelthat(

).

2.Accordingtothepassage,hangingonthephonewaitingforsomeonetopickupattheotherend,youmight(

).

3.VincentWalshandhiscolleaguesdidtheexperimentinorderto(

).

4.WhathaveVincentandhiscolleaguesfoundthroughtheexperiment?

5.Fromthepassagewecaninferthatwhenwearehot,we’llfeeltime(

).

问题1选项

A.theworldaroundyouhadsloweddown

B.somethingbadwasgoingtohappen

C.lifehadsuddenlybecomemeaningless

D.people'slifewassofragile

问题2选项

A.haveahighconcentrationofmind.

B.feelveryannoyedatthepeopleontheotherend

C.feeltimeissomehowsloweddown

D.beunabletohearthedialingtone

问题3选项

A.seewhichearismoresensitivetobeeps

B.findouttherelationshipbetweentimeandlife

C.studyhowtimechangesatthe4and5hbeeps

D.observehowpeople’sperceptionoftimechanges

问题4选项

A.Theleftearofpeopleismoresensitivethantherightone.

B.Peoplejudgeasecondtobeslightlyshorterthanitreallyis.

C.Researchsubjectsarelessaccuratethanresearchersinjudgingasecond.

D.Normallyasecondisinfacteither955millisecondsor825milliseconds.

问题5选项

A.runsfaster

B.stopsalltogether

C.runsslower

D.reversesitsdirection

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.根据第一段的最后一句“Nowscientistshavemeasuredexactlyhowmuchtheseattention-grabbingeventsslowdownourperceptionoftheworldaroundus.”科学家们精确地测量了这些引人注目的事件在多大程度上减慢了我们对周围世界的感知。选项A符合原文。

2.根据第二段的内容可知,当你在等待电话另一端的人接电话的时候,你会觉得时间暂时慢了下来。选项C正确。

3.根据第三段的第一句“Toseehowourperceptionoftimechangeswhensomethingnewhappens,VincentWalshandhiscolleaguesputheadphonesonvolunteersandplayedeightbeepstotheirrightears.”VincentWalsh和他的同事们做实验是为了了解当新事物发生时,我们对时间的感知是如何变化的。选项D符合原文。

4.Vincent和同事们做的实验,两个部分都得出一个结论,那就是人们认为一秒钟的时间比实际时间要短。选项B正确。

5.根据最后一段的最后一句“Previousstudieshaveshownthatcoolingthebodyslowsdownourperceptionoftimewhilewarmingituphastheoppositeeffect.”以前的研究表明,给身体降温会减缓我们对时间的感知,而给身体升温则会产生相反的效果,也就是会加快我们对时间的感知,认为时间比实际时间要快。选项A正确。

10.单选题

Sinceabout1800,nearthebeginningoftheIndustrialRevolution,coal,petroleum,andgashavebeenusedatarapidlyincreasingrate.Thesupplyofthese(1)islimited,andelectricpowerisvery(2)inmanyplaces.Somescientistsbelievesolarenergyistheonly(3)whichcanmeettheworld’senormous(4)forpower.

Greatprogresshadbeenmadeinharnessingthesun.Notonlyisthesunnowusedincooking,(5)italsosuppliespowerfor(6)thingsasbeaconlightsforshipsandairplanes.It(7)telephonelines,portableradios,electricclocks,hearingaids,andevencommunication.SomehomesandofficebuildingsintheUnitedStatesarenowbeing(8)withsolarenergy.

Thethreemostsignificanttypesofsolarequipment(9)arethefurnace,thestill,andthecell.Solarfurnacesheatwaterorair,(10)isthencirculatedthroughabuildingtomakeitcomfortable.

Solarstillsare(11)importantbecausetheycanprovide(12)wateratarelativelycheaprate.Saltcaneasilybe(13)fromseawaterwithasolarstill.

Themosthighlydevelopedtypeofsolar(14)equipmentisthesolarcell.Somecellsareso(15)thattheycanturn16percentoftheenergytheyreceivefromthesun(16)electricenergy.Oneofthecell’sbiggestadvantagesis(17)itcanbemadeeithersmallenoughtocarry(18)largeenoughtoproduceacurrentthatcanrunanautomobile.Besides,ithasaverylonglife.Itisstilltooexpensiveforthe(19)consumerbutwhenwaysare(20)toproduceitmorecheaply,wecanexpectitsusetobewide-spread.

问题1选项

A.materials

B.ores

C.reserves

D.fuels

问题2选项

A.abundant

B.adequate

C.scarce

D.rare

问题3选项

A.means

B.source

C.solution

D.resource

问题4选项

A.need

B.desire

C.necessity

D.supply

问题5选项

A.moreover

B.besides

C.however

D.but

问题6选项

A.some

B.many

C.such

D.these

问题7选项

A.connects

B.operates

C.drives

D.manufactures

问题8选项

A.heated

B.burnt

C.equipped

D.built

问题9选项

A.eversince

B.nowonder

C.inall

D.sofar

问题10选项

A.that

B.what

C.which

D.it

问题11选项

A.specially

B.especially

C.essentially

D.specifically

问题12选项

A.fresh

B.healthy

C.boiled

D.cool

问题13选项

A.dissolved

B.distinguished

C.divided

D.removed

问题14选项

A.electric

B.electronic

C.power

D.heating

问题15选项

A.powerful

B.resourceful

C.efficient

D.reliable

问题16选项

A.through

B.into

C.by

D.with

问题17选项

A.how

B.that

C.because

D.which

问题18选项

A.but

B.so

C.or

D.too

问题19选项

A.tipical

B.normal

C.average

D.general

问题20选项

A.discovered

B.invented

C.disclosed

D.revealed

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:D

第6题:C

第7题:B

第8题:A

第9题:D

第10题:C

第11题:B

第12题:A

第13题:D

第14题:C

第15题:C

第16题:B

第17题:B

第18题:C

第19题:C

第20题:A

【解析】(1)考查名词词义辨析。从上下文可知,these指的是前面提到的coal,petroleum,gas这几种燃料,所以空格处应该也填写表示燃料的词。选项D符合题意。

(2)考查形容词词义辨析。abundant“丰富的”;adequate“充足的”;scarce“缺乏的,不足的”;rare“稀有的”。前文提到这些燃料有限,and后面的“electricpower”应该与前文燃料一样有限,所以选项C符合题意。

(3)考查名词词义辨析。语意:一些科学家认为太阳能会是唯一_____能够满足世界对能源的强烈_______。太阳能属于一种能源,所以source符合题意。means“手段,方法”;solution“解决方法”;resource“资源”,比如人力资源。选项B符合题意。

(4)考查固定搭配。Meettheneedfor满足······的需求。语意:一些科学家认为太阳能会是唯一一种能源能够满足世界对能源的强烈需求。选项A符合题意。

(5)考查固定搭配。Notonly…butalso为固定搭配,also可以省略,意识是“既······又······”。所以选项D符合题意。

(6)考查固定搭配。such…as…意思是“像······这样”。选项C符合题意。

(7)考查动词词义辨析。与telephonelines,portableradios,electricclocks搭配的动词只有operate,选项B符合题意。connect“连接”;drive“推动”;manufacture“制造”。

(8)考查动词词义辨析。heat“加热”;burn“燃烧”;equip“装备,配备”;build“建造”。根据上下文可知这里阐述的是太阳能的另一个用途:取暖。选项A符合题意。

(9)考查词组辨析。eversince“自从······以来”;nowonder“怪不得”;inall“总共,共计”;sofar“到目前为止”。将各个词组的意思代入到句子中,选项D符合题意。

(10)考查语法知识。逗号前面是一个完整的句子,所以空格所处的句子是非限制性定语从句。只有which能够引导非限制性定语从句,所以选项C符合题意。

(11)考查副词词义辨析。specially“专门地”;especially“尤其,特别”;essentially“本质上”;specifically“明确地”。空格中的副词是用来修饰important这个单词,来表示程度,“尤其重要”,选项B符合题意。

(12)考查形容词词义辨析。fresh“新鲜的;淡水的”;healthy“健康的”;boiled“煮沸的”;cool“凉爽的,冷静的”。根据后面一句Saltcaneasilybe_fromseawater,主语是salt,可知空格处是通过蒸馏来获取freshwater“淡水”,选项A符合题意。

(13)考查动词词义辨析。空格所在句的主语是salt,语意:盐通过太阳能蒸馏器能够很容易从海水中分离出来。选项D符合题意。dissolve“溶解”,一般指固体溶解在液体中;distinguish“区分”;divide“分割”;remove“移除”。

(14)考查名词词义辨析。electric“电”;electronic“电子”;power“电力;动力”;heating“暖气”。结合下文可知,太阳能蓄电池(solarcell)可以产生电能(electricenergy),所以solarcell是一种动力设备,选项C符合题意。

(15)考查形容词词义辨析。powerful“强有力的”;resourceful“资源丰富的”;efficient“效率高的”;reliable“可靠的”。后面提到16%的电能转化率,所以空格处是说明效率高,选项C符合题意。

(16)考查动词词组固定搭配。turn······into…“将······转化为······”。选项B符合题意。

(17)考查语法知识。空格处的连接词引导一个表语从句,从句句子完整,所以填入关系代词that。选项B符合题意。

(18)考查固定搭配。either······or······“要么······要么······”。选项C符合题意。

(19)考查形容词词义辨析。typical“典型的”;normal“正常的”;average“平均的”;general“一般的,普通的”。句意:对于_____消费者来说太阳能电池还有太贵了。averagepeople“普通人”符合题意。选项C符合题意。

(20)考查动词搭配。空格处动词要能够与way搭配。discover“发现”;invent“发明”;disclose“公开”;reveal“揭露”。ways在这里是“方法”的意思,所以选项A符合题意。

11.单选题

Parentsoftenfacedthe()betweendoingwhattheyfeltwasgoodforthedevelopmentofthechildandwhattheycouldstandbywayofundisciplinednoiseanddestructiveness.

问题1选项

A.paradox

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