考研考博-英语-天府新区通用航空职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-天府新区通用航空职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Hisideasareinvariablycondemnedas（）byhiscolleagues.

问题1选项

A.imaginative

B.ingenious

C.impractical

D.theoretical

【答案】C

【解析】句意：他的想法总是被同事们认为（）。condemn意为“谴责，反对”，表明其后的形容词应为贬义词。A选项imaginative想象的，虚构的；B选项ingenious聪明的，精巧的；C选项impractical不切实际的，不实用的；D选项theoretical理论上的。C选项impractical符合句意和逻辑。

2.单选题

Perhapsthemoststrikingqualityofsatiricliteratureisitsfreshness,itsoriginalityofperspective.Satirerarelyoffersoriginalideas.Instead,itpresentsthefamiliarinanewform.Satiristsdonotoffertheworldnewphilosophies.Whattheydoistolookatfamiliarconditionsformaperspectivethatmakestheseconditionsseemfoolish,harmfuloraffected.Satirejarsusoutofcomplacenceintoapleasantlyshockedrealizationthatmanyofthevaluesweunquestioninglyacceptarefalse.DonQuixotemakeschivalryseemabsurd;BraveNewWorldridiculesthepretensionsofscience;AModestproposaldramatizedstarvationbyadvocatingcannibalism.Noneoftheseideasisoriginal.ChivalrywassuspectbeforeCervantes,humanistsobjectedtotheclaimsofpuresciencebeforeAldousHuxleyandpeoplewereawareoffaminebeforeSwift.Itwasnottheoriginalityoftheideasthatmadethesesatirespopular.Itwasthemannerofexpression,thesatiricmethodthatmadetheminterestingandentertaining.Satiresarereadbecausetheyareaestheticallysatisfyingworksofart,notbecausetheyaremorallywholesomeorethicallyinstructive.Theyarestimulatingandrefreshingbecausewithcommonsensebrisknesstheybrushawayillusionsandsecondhandopinions.Withspontaneousirreverence,satirerearrangesperspectives,scramblesfamiliarobjectsintoincongruouscombinationandspeaksinapersonalidiominsteadofabstractplatitude.

Satireexistsbecausethereisneedforit.Ithaslivedbecausereadersappreciatearefreshingstimulus,anirreverentreminderthattheylivedinaworldofplatitudinousthinking,cheapmoralizing,andfoolishphilosophy.Satireservestoprodpeopleintoanawarenessoftruth,thoughrarelytoanyactiononbehalfoftruth.Satiretendstoremindpeoplethatmuchofwhattheysee,hear,andreadinpopularmediaissanctimonious,sentimental,andonlypartiallytrue.Liferesemblesinonlyaslightdegreethepopularimageofit.Soldiersrarelyholdtheidealsthatmoviesattributetothem,nordoordinarycitizensdevotetheirlivestounselfishserviceofhumanity.Intelligentpeopleknowthesethingsbuttendtoforgetthemwhentheydonothearthemexpressed.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Whichofthefollowingcanbefoundinsatireliterature?

3.Accordingtothepassage,thereisaneedforsatirebecausepeopleneedtobe（

）.

4.Asaresultofreadingsatiricliterature,readerwillbemostlikelyto（

）.

5.ThevariouspurposedofsatireincludeallofthefollowingEXCEPT（

）.

问题1选项

A.Difficultiesofwritingsatiricliterature.

B.Populartopicsofsatire.

C.Newphilosophiesemergingfromsatiricliterature.

D.Reasonsforthepopularityofsatire.

问题2选项

A.Newlyemergingphilosophies.

B.Oddcombinationsofobjectsandideas.

C.Abstractdiscussionofmoralandethnics.

D.Wholesomecharacterswhoareunselfish.

问题3选项

A.informedaboutnewscientificdevelopments

B.exposedtooriginalphilosophieswhentheyareformulated

C.remindedthatpopularideasareofteninaccurate

D.toldhowtheycanbeofservicetotheircommunities

问题4选项

A.teachthemselvestowritefiction

B.acceptconventionalpointsofview

C.becomebetterinformedaboutcurrentaffairs

D.reexaminetheiropinionsandvalues

问题5选项

A.introducingreaderstounfamiliarsituations

B.brushingawayillusion

C.remindingreadersofthetruth

D.exposingfalsevalues

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】主旨大意题。文章第一段主要讲讽刺文学的特点，讽刺作品的一些特性。第二段第一句提到了讽刺作品存在是因为人们对它有需求。综合理解全文，文章主要是在分析讽刺作品流行，被人广泛地接受的原因。故正确答案选D。选项A、B文章没有提及，选项C意思与文章第一段第四句的描述相反。

2.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】细节事实题。定位到文章第一段第四句“Satiristsdonotoffertheworldnewphilosophies.讽刺作家没有为世界贡献新的哲学”排除A，文章第一段倒数第三句“Satiresarereadbecausetheyareaestheticallysatisfyingworksofart,notbecausetheyaremorallywholesomeorethicallyinstructive.人们读讽刺作品是因为在审美上它们是令人满意的文学作品，而不是因为道德的完美和伦理的说教”，由此可以排除C。选项D文章并未提及。故正确答案选B。

3.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节推断题。定位到文章第二段第二句“Ithaslivedbecausereadersappreciatearefreshingstimulus,anirreverentreminderthattheylivedinaworldofplatitudinousthinking,cheapmoralizing,andfoolishphilosophy.它的存在是因为读者欣赏使人耳目一新的刺激，直接向人们指出我们生活在一个思想平凡、道德廉价和哲学愚蠢的世界里”，由此可判断，正确答案选C。

4.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节推断题。定位到文章第一段倒数第二句“Theyarestimulatingandrefreshingbecausewithcommonsensebrisknesstheybrushawayillusionsandsecondhandopinions.Withspontaneousirreverence,satirerearrangesperspectives,...它们启发人生，使人耳目一新是因为它们用简明的常识洗刷去了幻觉和旧的常识。讽刺作品用自然的嘲讽态度重新设置了观点，……”，由此可知，阅读讽刺文学的读者，会重新看待旧的常识和事物，重新审视自身具有的观点。选项D符合题意。

5.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】细节推断题。定位到文章第一段第五句“Whattheydoistolookatfamiliarconditionsformaperspectivethatmakestheseconditionsseemfoolish,harmfuloraffected.他们所做的是采取这样一种立场看待熟悉的环境，使得它们看上去愚蠢、有害或者造作。”可知选项A并不是讽刺文学作品写作的目的。故正确答案选A。

3.单选题

Mr.ObamaisthefirstpresidentsinceRichardM.Nixontobe______andelectedwhilelivinginacityneighborhood.

问题1选项

A.appointed

B.nominated

C.represented

D.positioned

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项appointed“任命；约定；命令；受权处置的”；B选项nominated“提名……为候选人；任命的”；C选项represented“代表；表现；描写”；D选项positioned“放置；确定……的位置”。句意：奥巴马是自理查德•M•尼克松（RichardM.Nixon）以来，第一位居住在城市社区并被提名和选举的总统。根据句意，C项以及D项都可排除，A项appointed的意思是“任命；委任”，指不经过选择的官方委任，也可排除。B选项nominated通常指为某一公职的候选人，因此B选项正确。

4.单选题

Adegreeof____betweennursesandpatientsandtheirrelativescanbeconsideredanadvantageinconvincingpeopletovolunteerasdonors.

问题1选项

A.estrangement

B.adversary

C.hostility

D.intimacy

【答案】D

【解析】考查上下文语义。A选项estrangement“疏远；失和”；B选项adversary“对手；敌手”；C选项hostility“敌意”；D选项intimacy“亲密”。句意：护士和患者及其亲属之间的____程度有利于说服人们成为志愿捐赠者。根据后文beconsideredanadvantage“被认为是一种优势”，可推断护士和患者及其亲属之间的关系应该是好的，D选项intimacy“亲密”最符合句意。因此，本题最佳选项为D。

5.单选题

Duringthelecture,thespeakeroccasionally______hispointbyrelatinghisownexperiences.

问题1选项

A.illustrated

B.hinted

C.tied

D.displayed

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.illustrated说明，阐明B.hinted暗示；透露

C.tied（用线、绳等）系，拴D.displayed陈列；展出

【答案】A

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据关键词thespeaker（演讲者）和hispoint（他的观点）可推知，空格处表示“阐明观点”，illustrate指用例子、故事或图表阐明，符合句意，故该题选择A项。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】在讲座中，演讲者偶尔会通过讲述自己的经历来阐述他的观点。

6.单选题

Thegirlswantedtohelp（）maketheircostumesfortheplay.

问题1选项

A.all

B.eachtheother

C.eachother

D.onetheother

【答案】C

【解析】考查词义辨析。A选项all“全部”；B选项eachtheother“每一个其他的”；C选项eachother“彼此，互相”；D选项onetheother“一个另一个”。句意：女孩们想帮助……制作她们的戏服。根据句意可推测，女孩们是想互相帮助，可知选项C正确。

7.单选题

Hegavean（）viewofthestateofaffairsinIreland.

问题1选项

A.impartial

B.impact

C.improve

D.insanity

【答案】A

【解析】考查形近词辨析。A选项impartial“公平的，公正的”；B选项impact“影响；效果”；C选项improve“改善，增进”；D选项insanity“疯狂；精神错乱”。句意：他对爱尔兰的事态发表了公正的看法。空格处需要填一个形容词修饰名词view，因此A项正确。

8.单选题

Forgoodorill,globalizationhasbecometheeconomicbuzz-wordofthe1990s.Nationaleconomiesareundoubtedlybecomingsteadilymoreintegratedascross-borderflowsoftrade,investmentandfinancialcapitalincrease.Consumersarebuyingmoreforeigngoods,agrowingnumberoffirmsnowoperateacrossnationalborders,andsaversareinvestingmorethaneverbeforeinfar-flungplaces.

Whetherallofthisisforgoodorillisatopicofheateddebate.Onepositiveviewisthatglobalizationisanunmixedblessing,withthepotentialtoboostproductivityandlivingstandardseverywhere.Thisisbecauseagloballyintegratedeconomycanleadtoabetterdivisionoflaborbetweencountries,allowinglow-wagecountriestospecializeinlabor-intensivetaskswhilehigh-wagecountriesuseworkersinmoreproductiveways.Itwillallowfirmstoexploitbiggereconomiesofscale.Andwithglobalization,capitalcanbeshiftedtowhatevercountryoffersthemostproductiveinvestmentopportunities,nottrappedathomefinancingprojectswithpoorreturns.

Criticsofglobalizationtakeagloomierview.Theypredictthatincreasedcompetitionfromlow-wagedevelopingcountrieswilldestroyjobsandpushdownwagesintoday’sricheconomies.Therewillbearacetothebottomascountriesreducewages,taxes,welfarebenefitsandenvironmentalcontrolstomakethemselvesmorecompetitive.Pressuretocompetewillerodetheabilityofgovernmentstosettheirowneconomicpolicies.Thecriticsalsoworryabouttheincreasedpoweroffinancialmarketstocauseeconomichavoc,asintheEuropeancurrencycrisesof1992and1993,Mexicoin1994-1995andSouth-EastAsiain1997.

1.Nationaleconomiesarebecomingmoreintegratedasaresultof________.

2.Globalizationhasthepotentialtoboostproductivityandlivingstandardseverywherebecause________.

3.Accordingtothepositiveview,globalizationcan________.

4.Asaresultofglobalization,allofthefollowingmighthappenEXCEPT________.

5.Theauthorofthepassageholdsa/an________attitudetowardglobalization.

问题1选项

A.moreandmoreconsumersgoingabroadtobuygoods

B.increasingflowsofcross-boardertrade,investmentandfinancialcapital

C.manycompaniesestablishingnewbusinesses

D.saversinvestingmoreindevelopedareasthanindevelopingcountries

问题2选项

A.itallowsfirmstoestablishmorebranchesinlow-wagecountries

B.itencouragesrichcountriestoprovidemoreeconomicsupporttopoorcountries

C.itenableslow-wagecountriestohavemorecross-bordertradeandinvestment

D.itmakeslaborsworkincountrieswheretheyaremostneededandbestused

问题3选项

A.allowlow-wagecountriestouseworkersinmoreproductiveways

B.helplow-wagecountriesgetridoflabor-intensiveeconomy

C.causecapitaltoshifttocountrieswherethereisgreatestfundshortage

D.enablefirmstoexploitbiggereconomiesofscale

问题4选项

A.unemploymentrateinricheconomiesmightincrease

B.environmentalproblemsinsomecountriesmightworsen

C.competitivenessoflow-wagecountriesmightweaken

D.economichavocmightoccurinsomepartsoftheworld

问题5选项

A.objective

B.pessimistic

C.optimistic

D.worried

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.事实细节题。根据第一段第二句Nationaleconomiesareundoubtedlybecomingsteadilymoreintegratedascross-borderflowsoftrade,investmentandfinancialcapitalincrease.（随着贸易、投资和金融资本的跨境流动增加，各国经济无疑正逐渐变得更加一体化。），可知各国经济一体化的原因是B选项“跨境贸易、投资和金融资本流动增加”，A选项“越来越多的消费者到国外购买商品”，C选项“许多公司正在建立新的业务”和D选项“发达地区的储蓄者比发展中国家的储蓄者投资更多”不符合题意。因此B选项正确。

2.推理判断题。根据第二段第三句Thisisbecauseagloballyintegratedeconomycanleadtoabetterdivisionoflaborbetweencountries,allowinglow-wagecountriestospecializeinlabor-intensivetaskswhilehigh-wagecountriesuseworkersinmoreproductiveways.（这是因为全球一体化的经济可以导致国家之间更好地分工，使低工资国家能够专门从事劳动密集型工作，而高工资国家以更富有成效的方式使用工人。），可知这是因为全球一体化让分工更明确，从而使效率更高，D选项“它使劳动力在最需要和最有效利用的国家工作”正确。A选项“它允许公司在低工资国家建立更多的分支机构”，B选项“它鼓励富裕国家向贫穷国家提供更多的经济支持”和C选项“它使低工资国家有更多的跨境贸易和投资”不符合题意。因此D选项正确。

3.事实细节题。根据第二段倒数第二句Itwillallowfirmstoexploitbiggereconomiesofscale.（它将允许企业利用更大的规模经济。），可知在积极派看来，D选项“使公司能够开发更大的规模经济”符合题意。A选项“允许低工资国家以更有效的方式使用工人”，B选项“帮助低工资国家摆脱劳动密集型经济”和C选项“导致资本转移到资金短缺最严重的国家”文章没有提到，故错误。因此D选项正确。

4.推理判断题。根据第三段第二句Theypredictthatincreasedcompetitionfromlow-wagedevelopingcountrieswilldestroyjobsandpushdownwagesintoday’sricheconomies.（他们预测，低工资的发展中国家竞争加剧，将破坏就业机会，压低今天富裕经济体的工资水平。），可知全球化可能导致低工资国家的竞争力加强，富裕经济体的失业率上升，A选项“富裕经济体的失业率可能会上升”符合文章内容，C选项“低工资国家的竞争力可能会减弱”错误。B选项“一些国家的环境问题可能会恶化”：根据第三段第三句countriesreducewages,taxes,welfarebenefitsandenvironmentalcontrolstomakethemselvesmorecompetitive（各国为了提高竞争力而削减工资、税收、福利和环境控制），可知全球化可能加剧环境问题，符合文章内容。D选项“有的地方可能会出现经济混乱方”：根据文章最后一句Thecriticsalsoworryabouttheincreasedpoweroffinancialmarketstocauseeconomichavoc（批评者还担心金融市场力量的增强会造成经济混乱），可知全球化可能造成经济混乱，符合文章内容。因此C选项正确。

5.观点态度题。作者讲了乐观者和悲观者对全球经济一体化的观点，并没有表达自己对此的看法，A选项“客观的”正确。B选项“悲观的”，C选项“乐观的”和D选项“担心的”不符合题意。因此A选项正确。

9.单选题

Moderntechnologyhasputmenonthemoonanddecipheredthehumangenome.Butwhenitcomestobrewingupflutomakevaccines,sciencestillturnstotheincredibleedibleegg.Eversincethe1940s,vaccinemakershavegrownlargebatchesofvirusinsidechickeneggs.Butgiventhatsome36,000Americansdieofflueachyear,it’sremarkablethatourfirstlineofdefenseisstillwhatSecretaryofHealthandHumanServicesTommyThompsoncalls"thecumbersomeandarchaicegg-basedproduction."Newcell-basedtechnologiesareinthepipeline,however,andmayfinallygetthesupporttheyneednowthattheUnitedStatesisfacedwithacriticalshortageoffluvaccine.Althoughexpertsdisagreeonwhethernewwaysofproducingvaccinecouldhavepreventedashortageliketheonehappeningtoday,thereisnodoubtthattheexistingsystemhasseriousflaws.

Eachyear,vaccinemanufacturersplaceadvanceordersformillionsofspeciallygrownchickeneggs.Meanwhile,public-healthofficialsmonitorcirculatingstrainsofflu,andeachMarchtheyrecommendthreestrains—twoinfluenzaAstrainsandoneBstrain—formanufacturerstoincludeinvaccines.Inthelatespringandsummer,automatedmachinesinjectvirusintoeggsandlatersuckouttheinfluenza-richgoop.Virusfromtheeggs’innardsgetskilledandprocessedtoremoveeggproteinsandothercontaminantsbeforebeingpackagedintovialsforfallshipment.

Whyhasthiseggmethodpersistedforsixdecades?Themainreasonisthatit’sreliable.Buteventhoughtheeggsarereliable,theyhaveseriousdrawbacks.Oneisthelongleadtimeneededtoordertheeggs.Thatmeansit’shardtomakemorevaccineinahurry,incaseofashortageorunexpectedoutbreak.Andeggsmaysimplybetoocumbersometokeepupwiththehundredsofmillionsofdosesrequiredtohandlethedemandforfluvaccine.

What’smore,someflustrainsdon’tgrowwellineggs.Lastyear,scientistswereunabletoincludetheFujianstraininthevaccineformulation.Itwasarelativelynewstrain,andmanufacturerssimplycouldn’tfindaquickwaytoadaptitsothatitgrewwellineggs.“Weknewthestrainwasoutthere,”recallsTheodoreEickhoffoftheUniversityofColoradoHealthSciencesCenter,“butpublic-healthofficialswereleftwithoutavaccineand,consequently,amoreseverefluseason.”

Worse,thevirusesthatposethegreatestthreatmightbehardesttogrowineggs.That’sbecauseglobalpandemicsliketheonethatkilledover50millionpeoplebetween1918and1920arethoughttooccurwhenabirdinfluenzachangesinawaythatletsitcrossthespeciesbarrierandinfecthumans.Sincehumanshaven’tencounteredthenewvirusbefore,theyhavelittleprotectiveimmunity.ThedeadlybirdflucirculatinginAsiain1997and1998,forexample,worriedpublic-healthofficialsbecauseitspreadtosomepeoplewhohandledbirdsandkilledthem—althoughthebugnevercirculatedamonghumans.Butwhenscientiststriedtomakevaccinetheold-fashionedway,thebirdfluquicklykilledtheeggs.

1.Themoon-landingismentionedinthefirstparagraphtoillustrate（）.

2.Whatstepisessentialtothetraditionalproductionoffluvaccine?

3.Theforemostreasonwhytheegg-basedmethodisdefectiveliesin（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

5.Intheauthor’sview,thenewvaccineproductionmethodseemstobe（）.

问题1选项

A.technologycannotsolveallofourhumanproblems

B.progressinvaccineresearchforinfluenzahaslaggedbehind

C.greatachievementshavebeenmadebymeninexploringtheunknown

D.thedevelopmentofvaccineproductionmethodscannotbestopped

问题2选项

A.Manufacturersimplantthevaccineintoorderedchickeneggs.

B.Scientistsidentifytheexactstrainsoonafteraflupandemicstarts.

C.Publichealthmeasuresaretakenasanimportantpandemic-fightingtool.

D.Virusesaredeadenedandmadecleanbeforebeingputintovaccineuse.

问题3选项

A.thecomplexprocessofvaccineproduction

B.itspotentialthreattohumanbeing

C.thelowsurvivalratefornewfluvaccines

D.itscontributiontothefluvaccineshortage

问题4选项

A.Fluvaccinesnowmainlyuseegg-basedtechnology.

B.Abirdinfluenzahasoncecirculatedamonghumans.

C.Safetycanbegreatlyimprovedwithcell-culturevaccines.

D.Modernvaccineproductionmethodsaretoreplaceegg-basedmethods.

问题5选项

A.remarkable

B.criticized

C.efficient

D.accepted

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:1.作者意图题。由题干关键词themoonlanding定位到文章第一段第一句“Moderntechnologyhasputmenonthemoonanddecipheredthehumangenome”，现代技术已经把人类送上了月球，并破译了人类基因组。紧接着第二句出现了转折词but，说到涉及培养流感病毒生产疫苗时，科学家们居然还在使用可食用鸡蛋。全文主要讲述的是“鸡蛋培育流感疫苗的方法”，因此此处提到“themoonlanding”只是以某方面的发达科技为下文论述做铺垫，因此B选项“流感疫苗研究进展滞后”符合题意。

第2题:2.推理判断题。文章第二段介绍了本题说到的thetraditionalproductionoffluvaccine传统的流感疫苗生产过程。A选项“制造商将疫苗植入订购的鸡蛋中”错在是“automatedmachinesinjectvirus”而不是制造商；B选项“科学家在流感大流行开始后不久就确定了确切的毒株”在文中未提及确定毒株的速度；C选项“公共卫生措施是抗击疫情的重要手段”也未在本文提及；D选项“在投入疫苗使用之前，病毒被杀死并净化”对应第二段最后一句“Virusfromtheeggs’innardsgetskilledandprocessedtoremoveeggproteinsandothercontaminantsbeforebeingpackagedintovialsforfallshipment”，鸡蛋内部的病毒被杀死，经过处理去除鸡蛋蛋白和其他污染物，然后包装成小瓶，准备秋季装运。因此D选项正确。

第3题:3.细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文章第四段第一句What’smore,someflustrainsdon’tgrowwellineggs.（更重要的是，有些流感病毒在鸡蛋里生长不好）。C选项“新流感疫苗的低存活率”，文中说流感病毒在鸡蛋中生长得不好，由此可推断，流感疫苗的存活率低。A选项“疫苗生产的复杂过程”，不符合题意，可排除。B选项“它对人类的潜在威胁”，不符合题意，可排除。D选项“它导致了流感疫苗的短缺”，不符合题意，可排除。因此C选项正确。

第4题:4.推理判断题。A选项“流感疫苗现在主要使用基于鸡蛋的技术”对应文章第一段中作者对于现在依然使用鸡蛋生产流感疫苗感到不可思议，同时D选项“现代疫苗生产方法正在取代以鸡蛋为基础的方法”可由此排除；B选项“禽流感曾经在人类中传播”在文中最后一段倒数第二句中有“althoughthebugnevercirculatedamonghumans”说明这种禽流感并未在人类中传播过，可排除；C选项“细胞培养疫苗可以大大提高安全性”，文中未提到新方法的安全性，因此排除C。

第5题:5.观点态度题。此处问的是作者对于新疫苗培育方法的态度。第一段最后提到，新的细胞生产技术已经投入使用，并且可能最终得到支持。因此可推断出作者认为这个方法是有可能被接受的。D选项accepted正确。

10.单选题

Theseveranceofchurchandstateisabasicprincipleofourgovernment.

问题1选项

A.integration

B.discrimination

C.separation

D.exposition

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。severance“分离；断绝；隔离”；A选项integration“集成；整合”；B选项discrimination“歧视；区别，辨别”；C选项separations“分开；间隔”；D选项exposition“博览会；阐述；展览会”。句意：政教分离是我国政府的一项基本原则。severance在这里是“分离”的意思，因此C选项正确。

11.不定项选择题

Atypeofcellthatfloatsfreelyintheamnioticfluidofpregnantwomenhasbeenfoundtohavemanyofthesametraitsasembryonicstemcells,includinganabilitytogrowintobrain,muscleandothertissuesthatcouldbeusedtotreatavarietyofdiseases,scientistsreportedyesterday.

Thecells,shedbythedevelopingfetusandeasilyretrievedduringroutineprenataltesting,areeasiertomaintaininlaboratorydishesthanembryonicstemcells-thehighlyversatilecellsthatcomefromdestroyedhumanembryosandareatthecenterofaheatedcongressionaldebatethatwillresumethisweek.

Moreover,becausethecellsareageneticmatchtothedevelopingfetus,tissuesgrownfromtheminthelaboratorywillnotberejectediftheyareusedtotreatbirthdefectsinthatnewborn,researcherssaid.Alternatively,thecellscouldbefrozen,providingapersonalizedtissuebankforuselaterinlife.

Thenewcellsareaddingcredencetoanemergingconsensusamongexpertsthatthepopulardistinctionbetweenembryonicand“adult”stemcells-thoseisolatedfromadultbonemarrowandotherorgans-isartificial.

Increasingly,itappearsthereisacontinuumofstemcelltypes,rangingfromtheembryoniconesthatcanmorphintovirtuallyanykindoftissuebutaredifficulttotame,uptoadultonesthatcanturnintoalimitednumberoftissuesbutarerelativelyeasytocontrol.

Thenewlyanalyzedfetalstemcells,scientistssaid,havemanyoftheadvantagesofboth.

“Theygrowfast,asfastasembryonicstemcells,andtheyshowgreatpluripotentiality,”meaningtheycanbecomemanykindsoftissues,saidstudyleaderAnthonyAtala,directoroftheInstituteforRegenerativeMedicineatWakeForestUniversitySchoolofMedicineinWinston-Salem,N.C.“Buttheyremainstableforyearswithoutformingtumors,”headded,somethingthatembryoniccellsarenotverygoodat.

Atalaandotherscientistsemphasizedthattheydon’tbelievethecellswillmakeembryonicstemcellsirrelevant.

“There’snotgoingtobeoneshoethatfitsall,”saidRobertLanza,scientificdirectoratAdvancedCellTechnologyinWorcester,Mass.“We’regoingtohavetoseewhichonesaremostusefulforwhichclinicalconditions.”

GeorgeDaley,aHarvardstemcellresearcher,echoedthatsentiment.“Theyarenotareplacementforembryonicstemcells,”hesaid.

Butinthepast,evenhintsthatnon-embryoniccellsmighthavemedicalpotentialsimilartoembryoniconeshavecomplicatedthepoliticalpushtoexpandfederalfundingforthecontroversialfield.Andaccordingly,opponentsquicklypouncedonthenewresults.

65.（）isnotatraitofembryonicstemcells.

66.Thecellsthatareshedbythedevelopingfetusare（）.

67.Tissuesgrownfromthesecellsinthelaboratorywillnotberejectedastheyare（）.

68.Embryonicstemcellscan（）.

69.RobertLanzasaid“There’snotgoingtobeoneshoethatfitsall.”Hemeant（）.

70.Theword“retrieved”inthesecondparagraphcanbebestreplacedby（）.

问题1选项

A.Growingintobraintissues

B.Usingembryonicstemcellstotreatavarietyofdiseases

C.Causingavarietyofdiseases

D.Growingintomuscletissues

问题2选项

A.atthecenterofaheatedcongressionaldebate

B.moredifficulttomaintaininlaboratorydishesthanembryonicstemcells

C.difficulttoretrieveduringroutineprenataltesting

D.easilyretrievedduringroutineprenataltesting

问题3选项

A.freeofbirthdefects

B.easiertocultivate

C.ageneticmatchtothedonor

D.canbefrozenforusebyanyoneinneed

问题4选项

A.turnintoalimitednumberoftissuesandaredifficulttotame

B.turnintoalimitednumberoftissuesbutarerelativelyeasytocontrol

C.canmorphintovirtuallyanykindoftissueandarerelativelyeasytocontrol

D.canmorphintovirtuallyanykindoftissuebutaredifficulttotame

问题5选项

A.hedoesnotbelievethesecellswillmakeembryonicstemcellsirrelevant

B.heknowspeoplehavedifferentsizefeet

C.hewillstillneedtoseewhichonesaremostusefulforwhichclinicalcondition

D.evenhintsthatnon-embryoniccellsmighthavemedicalpotentialhascomplicatedthings

问题6选项

A.takenoutfortesting

B.collectedforotheruses

C.sampledfortesting

D.usedfortesting

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:A

第6题:A

【解析】65.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据文章第一段第一、二句Atypeofcellthatfloatsfreelyintheamnioticfluidofpregnantwomenhasbeenfoundtohavemanyofthesametraitsasembryonicstemcells,includinganabilitytogrowintobrain,muscleandothertissuesthatcouldbeusedtotreatavarietyofdiseases.（一种可以在孕妇羊水中自由漂浮的细胞被发现与胚胎干细胞有许多相同的特征，包括能够生长成大脑、肌肉和其他组织，用于治疗各种疾病），选项C“引起各种疾病”，文章没有提到此内容，C选项正确。A选项“在脑组织中生长”，文章提到，这种细胞可以生长大脑，A选项可排除。B“利用胚胎干细胞治疗多种疾病”，文章提到，这种细胞可以治疗各种疾病，B选项可排除。D选项“长成肌肉组织”，文章提到，这种细胞，可以长成肌肉组织，D选项可排除。因此C选项正确。

66.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据第二段第一句Thecells,shedbythedevelopingfetusandeasilyretrievedduringroutineprenataltesting（这些细胞由发育中的胎儿脱落，在常规的产前检查中很容易得到），D选项“在常规产前检查中很容易找回”，符合文章内容，D选项正确。A选项“处于激烈的国会辩论的中心”，文章没有提到此内容，可排除。B选项“比胚胎干细胞更难在实验室培养皿中保存”，文章没有提到这些细胞更难在实验室培养皿中保存，B选项可排除。C选项“很难在常规产前检查中恢复”，文章没有提到此内容，可排除。因此D选项正确。

67.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据第三段第一句becausethecellsareageneticmatchtothedevelopingfetus,tissuesgrownfromtheminthelaboratorywillnotberejected（因为这些细胞在基因上与发育中的胎儿相匹配，所以在实验室中从它们生长出来的组织不会被排斥），可推测，这些细胞在基因上与发育的胎儿相匹配，C选项“和捐赠者的基因匹配”正确。其余选项，A选项“无出生缺陷”，B选项“更容易培养”和D选项“可以冷冻起来供有需要的人使用”，不符合文章内容，可排除。因此C选项正确。

68.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据第五段第三句theembryoniconesthatcanmorphintovirtuallyanykindoftissuebutaredifficulttotame（胚胎细胞几乎可以变成任何一种组织，但很难驯服），可以推断出D选项“可以转化成几乎任何一种组织，但很难驯服”正确。A选项“变成数量有限的组织，很难驯服”，文章没有提到会变成数量有限的组织，A选项可排除。B选项“转化成数量有限的组织，但相对容易控制”，说法错误，可排除。C选项“可以转化成几乎任何一种组织并且相对容易控制”，文章中没有提到细胞容易控制，C选项可排除。因此D选项正确。

69.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据Atalaandotherscientistsemphasizedthattheydon’tbelievethecellswillmakeembryonicstemcellsirrelevant.（Atala和其他科学家强调，他们不相信这些细胞会使胚胎干细胞变得无关紧要）和“There’snotgoingtobeoneshoethatfitsall,”saidRobertLanza（罗伯特•兰扎(RobertLanza)表示：“没有一双鞋是适合所有人的”），可知RobertLanza，Atalaandotherscientists的观点是一致的，他不认为这种新型细胞是万能的，会代替胚胎干细胞的所有功能，使之变得不相干。所以题干中的这句话实际上是在支撑前面的科学家的那句话theydon’tbelievethecellswillmakeembryonicstemcellsirrelevant.（他们不相信这些细胞会使胚胎干细胞变得无关紧要），A选项“他不相信这些细胞会使胚胎干细胞变得无关紧要”，符合文章内容，A选项正确；B选项“他知道每个人的脚大小都不一样”并不是RobertLanza所暗示的含义；根据原文“There’snotgoingtobeoneshoethatfitsall,”saidRobertLanza,scientificdirectoratAdvancedCellTechnologyinWorcester,Mass.“We’regoingtohavetoseewhichonesaremostusefulforwhichclinicalconditions.”（“没有一只鞋适合所有人”，RobertLanza说，他是麻省Worcester先进细胞技术的科学总监“我们将不得不确定哪些药物对哪些临床情况最为有用”）可知C选项“他还需要看看哪些药物对哪些临床情况最有用”在文章中有提及，但这句话是补充说明前文，表达他不认为这种新型细胞是万能的，而是要对症下药；D选项“即使暗示非胚胎细胞可能具有医疗潜力，也会使事情变得复杂”并不是RobertLanza的观点。因此A选项正确。

70.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】词义辨析题。根据题干可以定位到第二段第一句Thecells,shedbythedevelopingfetusandeasilyretrievedduringroutineprenataltesting（这些细胞由发育中的胎儿脱落，在常规的产前检查中很容易得到）。这句话表达的是“在常规产前检查中容易取出这种细胞做检查”。A选项“拿出来测试”，符合文章内容。B选项“收集作其他用途”，不符合文章内容，可排除。C选项“取样测试”，文章没有提到取样，可排除C选项。D选项“用于测试”，文章没有提到这种细胞用于测试，可排除。因此A选项正确。

12.写作题

Readthefollowingarticleandthenwriteanessayinnolessthan250wordscommentingontheissuediscussedinthearticle.

1.Youshouldgiveanappropriatetitletoyouressay.

2.Youmusthaveaclearlystatedopinionontheissuediscussed

3.Youmustsupplyexamplesinsupportofyouropinion.

4.Youmustinteractwiththeopinionsinthegivearticle.

Nowreadarticlebelowandwriteyouressayontheanswersheet.

EnoughofTigerMomsandWolfDads

ByBerlinFang（ChinaDaily）

ThomasFriedmanwroteinhiscolumn,“Howaboutbetterparents?”（TheNewYorkTimes.Now19）,thatparentinvolvementiskeytostudentsuccess.

FedupwiththestatusquoofAmericaneducation,anddesperateforanalternativemodel,somereaderspepperedtheword“Asian”throughoutthecommentssectionforFriedman'sarticle.Onereaderwrote:“thequestionamongthecoacheswastheusual,whyweresomanyofourtopstudentsareAsian.IaskedwhenwasthelasttimetheyhadanAsianparentcomplainabouttoomuchhomework.”

Thisstatement,however,provesnothingexceptthetheoryofrelativityinhumanopinions.AsianparentsintheUnitedStatesrarelycomplainaboutchildren’shomeworkbecauseitisapicniccomparedtowhatgothroughinouryoungerdaysinourhomecountry.ButinAsiancountries,likeanyother,complaintsabound.

InChina,Iconstantlyhearparentscomplainthattheirchildrencannotgotobedtill11pmbecausetheyhavetoomanyassignments.