考研考博-英语-北京外国语大学考试押题三合一+答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-北京外国语大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Concernwithmoney,andthenmoremoney,inordertobuytheconveniencesandluxuriesofmodemlife,hasbroughtgreatchangestothelivesofmostFrenchmen.MorepeopleareworkingthaneverbeforeinFrance.Inthecitiesthetraditionalleisurelymiddaymealisdisappointing.Offices,shops,andfactoriesarediscoveringthegreatefficiencyofashortlunchhourincompanylunchrooms.Inalmostalllinesofworkemphasisnowfallsonever-increasingoutput.Thusthe“typical”Frenchmanproducesmore,earnsmore,andbuysmoreconsumergoodsthanhiscounterpartofthelastgeneration.Hegainsincreatingcomfortsandeaseoflife.Whathelosestosomeextentishissenseofpersonaluniqueness,orindividuality.

SomesaythatFrancehasbeenAmericanized.ThisisbecausetheU.S.isaworldsymbolofthetechnologicalsocietyanditsconsumerproducts.Theso-calledAmericanizationofFrancehasitscritics.Theyfearthat“assembly-linelife”willleadtothedisappearanceofthepleasuresofthemoregracefulandleisurely(butlessproductive)oldFrenchstyle.Whatwillhappen,theyask,totaste,elegance,andthecultivationofthegoodthingsinlife—joyinthesmellofafreshlypickedapple,astrollbytheriver,orjusthappyhoursofconversationinalocalcafe?

Sincethelate1950slifeinFrancehasindeedtakenonqualitiesofrush,tension,andthepursuitofmaterialgain.Someofthestrongestcriticsofthenewwayoflifearetheyoung,especiallyuniversitystudents.Theyareconcernedwiththefuture,andtheyrearthatFranceisthreatedbytriumphofthiscompetitive,goods-orientedculture.Occasionally,theyhavereactedagainstthetrendwithconsiderableviolence.

Inspiteofthecritics,however,countlessFrenchmenarecommittedtokeepingFranceintheforefrontofthemodemeconomicworld.Theyfindthatthepresentlifebringsmorerewards,convenience,andpleasuresthanthatofthepast.Theybelievethatamodem,industrialFranceispreferabletotheold.

1.TheoldFrenchwayoflifeischaracterizedby（）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,allthefollowingarethedescriptionoftoday’sFrenchmenEXCEPTthat（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthecritics?

4.Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe（）.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（）.

问题1选项

A.leisure,eleganceandefficiency

B.elegance,efficiencyandtaste

C.leisure,eleganceandtaste

D.leisure,efficiencyandtaste

问题2选项

A.manyofthempreferthemodemlifestyle

B.theactuallyenjoyworkingattheassemblyline

C.theyaremoreconcernedwithmoneythanbefore

D.theyaremorecompetitivethantheoldgeneration

问题3选项

A.Criticsaregreaterinnumberthanpeopleenjoyingthenewwayoflife.

B.Studentcriticsaregreaterinnumberthancriticsinotherfield.

C.Studentcriticshave,onoccasion,resortedtoviolentmeansagainstthetrend.

D.Criticsareconcernedsolelywiththepresentratherthanthefuture.

问题4选项

A.ChangesintheFrenchWayofLife

B.CriticismoftheNewLifestyle

C.TheAmericanizationofFrance

D.FeaturesoftheNewWayofLife

问题5选项

A.inpursuingmaterialgainstheFrencharesufferinglosseselsewhere

B.theFrenchenjoyshortlunchhours

C.theFrencharefedupwiththesmelloffreshlypickedapples

D.greatchangeshaveoccurredinthelifestyleofallFrenchmen

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】1.根据第二段第四、五句话“Theyfearthat...themoregracefulandleisurely(butlessproductive)oldFrenchstyle.Whatwillhappen,theyask,totaste,elegance,andthecultivationofthegoodthingsinlife...”由此可见,古老法国式生活的特点是安逸、高雅以及品味。选项C正确。

2.根据第二段的第三句“Theyfearthat“assembly-linelife”willleadtothedisappearanceofthepleasuresofthemoregracefulandleisurely(butlessproductive)oldFrenchstyle.”他们害怕“流水线式的生活”会引起古老法国式生活的高雅和安逸所带来的愉悦感消失，所以他们不会享受流水线式的生活。选项B符合要求。

3.根据第三段的最后一句话,“Occasionally,theyhavereactedagainstthetrendwithconsiderableviolence.”偶尔，他们对这一趋势的反应是相当暴力的。选项C符合原文。

4.文章主要讲的是法国生活方式的变迁以及大家对此的态度。因此,选项A正确，其他选项只是部分内容。

5.根据第一段的最后两句“Hegainsincreatingcomfortsandeaseoflife.Whathelosestosomeextentishissenseofpersonaluniqueness,orindividuality.”选项A法国人在追求物质利益的过程中,可能会在别处失去一些东西，符合原文。

2.单选题

Changingfromsolidtoliquid,watertakesinheatfromallsubstancesnearit,andthis________producesartificialcoldsurroundingit.

问题1选项

A.absorption

B.transition

C.consumption

D.interaction

【答案】A

【解析】形近异义词辨析。absorption“吸收”；transition“传送，过渡，传递”；consumption“消费，消耗”；interaction“相互作用”。句意：从固体变成液体，水要吸收周围所有物体的热量，这种吸收会导致周围环境变冷。选项A符合题意。

3.单选题

Thelocalpeoplewerejoyfullysurprisedtofindthepricesofvegetablesnolonger（）accordingtotheweather.

问题1选项

A.evaluated

B.converted

C.fluctuated

D.modified

【答案】C

【解析】evaluated评估，估价；converted转变，改变；fluctuated波动；modified修改。句意：当地人发现蔬菜的价格不再随天气而波动，感到非常高兴和惊讶。选项C符合句意。

4.单选题

Ifwouldbedifficultforoneso（）tobeledtobelievethatallmenareequalandthatwemustdisregardrace,color,andcreed.

问题1选项

A.emotional

B.broadminded

C.tolerant

D.intolerant

【答案】B

【解析】考察形容词词义辨析。emotional“感情的”；broadminded“愿意听取不同意见的”；tolerant“忍耐的”；intolerant“不能容忍的，偏狭的”。句意：很难让偏狭的人相信众人是平等的，我们拒绝种族、肤色、宗教。选项B符合题意。

5.单选题

Peter'sbodytemperaturehasbeen（

）foraweek,thehighestpointreaching39.5degreecentigrade.

问题1选项

A.abnormal

B.disordered

C.uncommon

D.extraordinary

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。abnormal意为“反常的，异常的”；disordered意为“混乱的”；uncommon意为“不常有的，罕见的”；extraordinary意为“非凡的”。

句意：彼得的体温不正常已经持续一周了，最高温度达到39.5度。

6.单选题

Thecompanywill（）toitsagreement,nomatterhowcostlytheprocessmaybe.

问题1选项

A.retain

B.alter

C.adhere

D.abandon

【答案】C

【解析】动词搭配。retain”保持,记住”;alter“改变,更改”;adhere“坚持,追随”,一般与to连用;abandon“抛弃,遗弃”。句意:无论过程中会付出多大的代价,这家公司都将坚持其协议。选项C符合句意。

7.单选题

（

）wecontinuetoworkhard,wecanfinishthetaskaheadofschedule.

问题1选项

A.Assoonas

B.Asfaras

C.Solongas

D.Sofaras

【答案】C

【解析】考察固定搭配。assoonas一…就；asfaras至于；sofaras到目前为止；solongas“只要”，句意：我们只要继续努力工作，就能在计划之前完成工作。选项C符合句意。

8.单选题

Howaboutaglassoforangejuiceto（）yourthirst?

问题1选项

A.quench

B.quell

C.quash

D.quieten

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。quench“压制，抑制，止（渴）”；quell“镇压，平息，压制”；quash“取消；废除；镇压”；quieten“安静，抚慰”。句意：用杯橙汁来止渴怎么样？选项A符合题意。

9.单选题

Attemptstopersuadehertostayaftershefeltinsultedwere

.

问题1选项

A.innoway

B.onthecontrary

C.ataloss

D.ofnoavail

【答案】D

【解析】考查短语辨析。innoway“绝不”；onthecontrary“相反”；ataloss“亏本地”；ofnoavail“无效，不起作用”。句意：在她遭受羞辱后要她留下来是徒劳无功的。选项D符合题意。

10.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingtextintoEnglish.

挑战未知是人类诞生之初就具备的本能，而探索外太空则是好奇心和求知欲在现代的延伸。人类和动物最本质的区别在于不断地探求未知，其终极目的就是要回答“我从哪来？我到哪去？”。这样的问题，在现实世界找不到答案，人们便将追问的目光投向浩瀚的外太空。正是这些追问，成为人类探索宇宙的动力。此外，太空探索还激发了全人类的科学精神。

【答案】Challengingtheunknownhasbeenahumaninstinctsincewewereborn,andexploringouterspaceisextensionofcuriosityandaspirationtoknowledgeinmoderntimes.Themostessentialdifferencebetweenhumanbeingsandanimalsistheconstantsearchfortheunknown,whoseultimategoalistoanswerthequestion“WheredoIcomefrom?WhereamIgoing?”Itisimpossibletofindtheanswerofsuchquestionsintherealworld,therefore,peoplewilltransfertheirattentiontothevastouterspace.Itisthesequestionsthathavebecomethedrivingforceforhumanexplorationoftheuniverse.Inaddition,spaceexplorationhasinspiredthescientificspiritofallmankind.

11.单选题

Onenteringtheroom,he（

）hiseyesrounditbutsawnothingstrange.

问题1选项

A.jerked

B.flung

C.tossed

D.cast

【答案】D

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项jerk“猛拉”；B选项fling“掷，抛”；C选项toss“抛，投”；D选项cast“投掷”。选项B，C，D都要投掷的意思，但只有选项D能与后面的round搭配使用，castround意为“寻找”，句意：一进房间，他就环视四周（寻找），但没有发现什么奇怪的东西。选项D符合句意。

12.单选题

Themoderncameralensmaybecoatedwithmorethanten（）foreachpieceofitsglass.

问题1选项

A.levels

B.stories

C.layers

D.formations

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项level“水平”。B选项story“故事，小说”。C选项layer“层，膜”。D选项formation“形成，构成”。句意：目前相机镜头的每片玻璃可以涂上十层以上的涂层。因此C选项符合题意。

13.单选题

Insomewaystheyareamarketers’dream.Theyhavebillionsofdollarsindiscretionaryincome—andspendmostofit.Althoughtheirindividualpurchasesaresmall，theybuyregularly,oftenresponsetopeerpressure.Theyareheavilyinfluencedbythehoursoftelevisionadvertisingtheyseeeachweek.And，asaresultoftoday’ssmallerfamilies,andtheincreaseinthenumberoftwo-incomehouseholds,theyhavemoretosayaboutfamilydecisionsthaneverbefore.

“They”arechildren,ofcourse,agroupwhosespendinghabitsareattractingtheattentionofmoreandmoremarketers.Onerecentstudyestimatesthat:thethirtymillionU.S.children4to12yearsoldreceiveabout$4.7billionannuallyfromallowances,giftsandoddjobs.Ofthatamount,theyspendatotalof$4.2billioneachyearonsnacks($1.4billion),toysandgames($1.1billion),moviesandsports($771million),videogames($766million),andgifts($164million),engaginginsome280independentpurchasestransactionsannually.Childrenthirteentonineteenaccountforevengreateryearlyexpenditures:$30.5billionoftheirownmoney.

Butchildren’sfinancialmuscledoesnotendthere.Researchersestimatethatchildrendirectlyinfluencemore-than$40billioninadultpurchaseseachyear.ANickeldeonUSAToday/YankelovichYouthMonitorstudyfoundthatchildrenareextremelyawareofbrandandhaveconsiderableinputintotheirparents，selectionofapparel,cereal,snacks,cars,televisionsandpersonalcomputers.Manychildrenareinvolvedinactualhouseholdpurchasing,especiallyfood；inarecentTeenageResearchstudy,halftheteengirlssurveyedreportedshoppingforgroceriesatleastonceaweek.Recognizingthisindirectpurchasingpowerthatchildrenhave，agrowingnumberofmarketersareapproachingtheyouthdirectly.TheNationalDairyBoard,forexample,nowairsmilkcommercialswithyouthappeal,andProcter&GamblehasdevelopedCrestforKidstoothpaste.

Howdidchildrenacquiresuchbuyingclout?Researcherspointtoseveralfactors.Asthenumberofworkingcouplesandsingle-parenthouseholdsincreased,manyparentsshiftedcertainhouseholdresponsibilitiesontochildren’sshoulders.Thrustintoadultroles,childrenhaveendedupwithmoreinfluenceoverthefamily’spurchases,andtheyalsotendtospendincreasedamountsofmoneythemselves.Inaddition,manyolder,professionalcoupleshavefewerchildren.Theseparentscanaffordtolavishmoreontheirchildren,includingextraspendingmoneyforsuchitemsasFisher-PriceToys’$225children’scamcorderandtheMyFirstSonylineofelectronicsgearforchildren.Thebandwagoneffectisyetanotherfactor.Whenonemarketerbeginstofocusonchildren,competitorsfollowsuit,encouragingevenmorechildren’spurchases.McDonald’sCorp.,forexample,hasaimedadvertisementsforitshamburgers,mealkits,andpartiesatchildrenforyears；nowHardee’sFoodSystems,Inc,andWendy’sInternationalInc,aredoingthesame.

Astutemarketersrealizethatchildrenactuallyrepresentthreemarkets:currentconsumers,influentialconsumers,andfuturebuyers.Becausechildrenaresteadilydevelopingbrandawareness,andproductpreferencesthatsomedaywilltranslateintopurchasingdecisions,evencompaniesnotsellingyouthproductspersearebeginningtopayattentiontoselldirectlytochildren,realizingthat,outtheresomewhere,tomorrow’sbig-ticketcustomerisplayingvideogamestoday.

1.Thetopicofthisselectionis（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthisselection?

3.Fromthestatementthatchildren“havebillionsofdollarsindiscretionaryincome—andspendmostofit”，wecaninferthatchildren（）.

4.Abouttheirbuyingbehaviors,wecaninferthatchildrenare（）.

5.Wecaninferthatmarketersbelievechildrenwhodevelop“brandawareness”whentheyareyoungwill（）.

问题1选项

A.marketingproducts

B.children’sspendingpatterns

C.doingsurveysofchildren

D.thebandwagoneffect

问题2选项

A.Childrenhavemoretosayaboutfamilypurchasedecisionsthaneverbefore.

B.Childrenareimportantmembersofsociety.

C.Childrenhaveagooddealofpowerasbuyersandconsumers.

D.Marketersareovercomingtheirlackofinterestinsellingtochildren.

问题3选项

A.havenosenseofvalueregardingmoney

B.shouldnotbegivensomuchmoneybytheirparents

C.misusethefinancialpowerplacedintheirhands

D.donotsavemuchoftheirownmoney

问题4选项

A.notinfluencedmuchbyadvertising

B.verymuchinfluencedbytheirfriends

C.notinfluencedbymilkcommercialswithyouthappeal

D.carefulaboutspendingonhamburgersandotherfastfoods

问题5选项

A.rejectthosebrandswhenbecomeadults

B.purchasevideogamesfortheirchildren

C.remainloyaltothosebrandsintoadulthood

D.spendtheirmoneywiselyandthoughtfullyasadults

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:文章第一二段提到儿童群体虽然不大，但是他们有一定的购买能力；之后引用了一些儿童带来的花费的数据来进一步说明儿童是个很大的消费群体。最后提到儿童代表着三个市场。从这些可知全文都是在讲儿童的消费问题。所以选项B符合题意。

第2题:文章主要探讨儿童消费问题。出于很多原因，儿童已经是一个具有很强购买力的消费者。选项C符合题意。

第3题:文章第一段提到孩子们有很多零花钱自己处理，但是他们容易受到电视广告的影响（Theyareheavilyinfluencedbythehoursoftelevisionadvertisingtheyseeeachweek），说明他们的钱被乱用了，选项C符合题意。

第4题:文章第一段提到虽然儿童的购买力不强，但是他们会受同伴的影响（Althoughtheirindividualpurchasesaresmall，theybuyregularly,oftenresponsetopeerpressure）。选项B符合题意。

第5题:文章最后一段提到商家们认为儿童代表三个市场：currentconsumers,influentialconsumers,andfuturebuyers。孩子们的品牌意识和产品偏好正稳定发展，总有一天会形成购买力。选项C符合题意。

14.单选题

Povertyanddomesticviolencemakeiteasyforhertotrustthatbadthingswillhappenandtakethis（）happinessaway.

问题1选项

A.adversary

B.vulgar

C.fragile

D.superfluous

【答案】C

【解析】形容词辨析题。adversary敌手，对手；vulgar粗俗的，本土的；fragile脆的，易碎的；superfluous多余的。句意：贫穷和家庭暴力让她很容易相信坏事会发生，并带走这种脆弱的幸福。只有选项C符合句意。

15.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingshortEnglishpassagesintoChinese,whichshouldbewrittenonyourAnswerSheet.

Manypeoplehavebeendeeplyinfluencedbythesekindsofpronouncements,andhavegraduallybeguntochangetheirwayoflifeasaresult.Theyareexercisingmore,havegivenuporcutdownsmoking,andhavealsobeguntoeatmorehealthily.

Ontheonehand,doctorswarnthateatingtoomuchmeatisacauseofheartdiseaseandhighbloodpressure,andontheothersaythateatingvegetablesandfruithelpstosustainhealth.Manypeoplehavegivenupmeatasamatterofprinciple.Somebelievethatitiswrongtokilllivingthings,orbelievethatbecauseraisinganimalsneedsmorelandthangrowingvegetablecrops,itisawasteoftheworld'sscarceresourcestoeatmeat.

【答案】很多人已深受这些类型的声明的影响，结果他们已逐渐开始改变自己的生活方式。他们正在做更多的锻炼，已放弃或减少吸烟，并且也开始更健康地饮食。

一方面，医生警告称食肉过多是心脏病和高血压发生的一个原因。另外一方面,医生称吃蔬菜和水果有助于维持健康。许多人因为原则问题己放弃吃肉。一些人认为杀害生物是不对的，或认为因为饲养动物比种植蔬菜作物需要更多的土地，所以吃肉是对世界稀少资源的一种浪费。

16.单选题

Inrecentyears,therehasbeenasteadyassaultonsaltfromthedoctors:saltisbadforyouregardlessofyourhealth.Politiciansalsogotonboard."Thereisadirectrelationship,"UScongressmanNealSmithnoted,"betweentheamountofsodiumapersonconsumesandheartdisease,circulatorydisorders,strokeandevenearlydeath."

Frightening,iftrue!Butmanydoctorsandmedicalresearchersarenowbeginningtofeelthesaltscarehasgonetoofar.“Allthishueandcryabouteatingsaltisunnecessary,”Dr.Dustaninsists.“Formostofusitprobablydoesn'tmakemuchdifferencehowmuchsaltweeat.”Dustan'smostrecentshort-termstudyof150peopleshowedthatthosewithnormalbloodpressureexperiencednochangeatallwhenplacedonanextremelylow-saltdiet,orlaterwhensaltwasreintroduced.Ofthehypertensivesubjects,however,halfofthoseonthelow-saltdietdidexperienceadropinbloodpressure,whichreturnedtoitspreviouslevelwhensaltwasreintroduced.

“Anadequatetosomewhatexcessivesaltintakehasprobablysavedmanymorelivesthanithascostinthegeneralpopulation,”notesDr.JohnH.Laragh.“Soarecommendationthatthewholepopulationshouldavoidsaltmakesnosense.”

Medicalexpertsagreethateveryoneshouldpracticereasonable“moderation”insaltconsumption.Fortheaverageperson,amoderateamountmightrunfromfourtotengramsaday,orroughly1/2to1/3ofateaspoon.Theequivalentofonetotwogramsofthissatallowancewouldcomefromthenaturalsodiuminfood.Therestwouldbeaddedinprocessing,preparationoratthetable.

Thosewithkidney,liverorheartproblemsmayhavetolimitdietarysalt,iftheirdoctoradvises.Buteventheveryvocal“lowsalt”exponent,Dr.ArthurHullHayes,Jradmitsthat“wedonotknowwhetherincreasedsodiumconsumptioncauseshypertension.”Infact,thereisgrowingscientificevidencethatotherfactorsmaybeinvolved:deficienciesincalcium,potassium,perhapsmagnesium;obesity(muchmoredangerousthansodium);geneticpredisposition;stress.

“Itisnotyourenemy,”saysDr.Laragh.“SaltistheNo.1naturalcomponentofallhumantissue,andtheideathatyoudon'tneeditiswrong.Unlessyourdoctorhasproventhatyouhaveasalt-relatedhealthproblem,thereisnoreasontogiveitup.”

1.Accordingtosomedoctorsandpoliticians,theamountofsaltconsumed（）.

2.FromDr.Dustan’sstudywecaninferthat（）.

3.Inthethirdparagraph,Dr.Laraghimpliesthat（）.

4.Thephrase“vocal...exponent”(Line2,Para.4)mostprobablyrefersto（）.

5.Whatisthemainmessageofthistext?

问题1选项

A.exhibitsasanaggravatingfactortopeopleinpoorhealth

B.curesdiseasessuchasstrokeandcirculatorydisorders

C.correlateshighlywithsomediseases

D.isirrelevanttopeoplesufferingfromheartdisease

问题2选项

A.alow-saltdietmaybeprescribedforsomepeople

B.theamountofsaltintakehasnothingtodowithone’sbloodpressure

C.thereductionofsaltintakecancureahypertensivepatient

D.anextremelylow-saltdietmakesnodifferencetoanyone

问题3选项

A.peopleshouldnotbeafraidoftakingexcessivesalt

B.doctorsshouldnotadvisepeopletoavoidsalt

C.anadequatetoexcessivesaltintakeisrecommendedforpeopleindisease

D.excessivesaltintakehasclaimedsomevictimsinthegeneralpopulation

问题4选项

A.eloquentdoctor

B.articulateopponent

C.loudspeaker

D.strongadvocate

问题5选项

A.Thesaltscareisnotjustified.

B.Thecauseofhypertensionisnowunderstood.

C.Themoderateuseofsaltisrecommended.

D.Saltconsumptionistobepromoted.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Thereisadirectrelationship,”UScongressmanNealSmithnoted,“betweentheamountofsodiumapersonconsumesandheartdisease,circulatorydisorders,strokeandevenearlydeath.”可知：一些医生和政客认为钠的摄入量和身体健康有直接关系，并会引发多种疾病，甚至早逝。说明他们认为食盐的摄入量与某些疾病的发生息息相关，因此，C项正确。

2.推理判断题。根据文章第二段Dustan'smostrecentshort-termstudyof150peopleshowedthatthosewithnormalbloodpressureexperiencednochangeatallwhenplacedonanextremelylow-saltdiet,orlaterwhensalt,wasreintroduced.Ofthehypertensivesubjects,however,halfofthoseonthelow-saltdietdidexperienceadropinbloodpressure,whichreturnedtoitspreviouslevelwhensaltwasreintroduced.可知：在Dustan研究中，当摄取极低的少盐饮食或者恢复食用食盐时，血压正常的人不会有什么改变。然而，在高血压人群中，少盐饮食中一半的人确实出现血压下降，而再次恢复食盐的摄入时，血压会返回到之前的水平。因此，A项“低盐饮食可能适合某些人”表述正确。B项和D项错误。文章并没有谈及“减少食盐摄入量可能治愈高血压”，故C项错误。

3.推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Soarecommendationthatthewholepopulationshouldavoidsaltmakesnosense•”可知：医生不应该建议人们不吃盐，因此，B选项符合题意，为正确答案。

4.词汇题。根据原文倒数第二段buteventheveryvocal“lowsalt”exponent,Dr.ArthurHullHayes,Dr.admitsthat...可知：就连“低盐论”最主要的支持者，Arthur博士都承认盐的摄入量是否与髙血压有关。所以最恰当的理解应该是强烈支持者。因此，D项为正确答案。

5.主旨大意题。本文主要讨论了食盐摄入量与人体健康的关系。通过人们对于盐的恐慌引出相关话题，最后表明“除非医生告知你有与摄取盐分相关的健康问题，否则，没有理由不摄取食盐”。由此可知，食盐恐慌是不合理的，A项为正确答案。

17.单选题

Lateron,inthebarourEuropeanacquaintancecommentedthatwewereindeedconsiderablybetteroffthanthelocalpeoplethoughperhapsnotthreetimesaswelloff,whichiswhatthedifferenceinroompricessuggested.

问题1选项

A.Lateron

B.considerablybetteroff

C.notthreetimesaswell

D.differenceinroompricessuggested.

E.没有错误

【答案】D

【解析】语法题。时态错误。Suggested改为Suggests。Whichiswhatthedifferenceinroompricessuggested,这是一个定语从句,其中又有一个表语从句。定语从句中的系动词is是一般现在时,因此表语从句中的谓语动词也应该为现在时,即suggests。

18.单选题

This（

）girlisTom’scousin.

问题1选项

A.prettylittleAmerican

B.Americanprettylittle

C.Americanlittlepretty

D.littleAmericanpretty

【答案】A

【解析】句意:这位漂亮的美国小女孩是Tom的表妹。

语法题。考查形容词排列顺序。pretty属于“描绘性形容词”，little属于“表示大小、长短、高低的形容词”，American属于“表示国籍的形容词”。在修饰名词时，这三类形容词的顺序为描绘性形容词、表示大小、长短、高低的形容词、表示国籍的形容词。故A符合此顺序。

19.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

Man’syouthisawonderfulthing:itissofullofanguishandofmagicandhenevercomestoknowitasitis,untilithasgonefromhimforever.

Itisthethinghecannotbeartolose;itisthethingwhosepassinghewatcheswithinfinitesorrowandregret;itisthethingwhoselosshemustlamentforever;itisthethingwhoselosshereallywelcomeswithasadandsecretjoy;thethingwouldneverwillinglyreliveagain,coulditberestoredtohimbyanymagic.

【答案】人的青春美妙绝伦，虽满是痛楚，但魅力无限。年少时不了解青春为何物，当其永逝，方才幡然大悟。

青春的逝去令人百般不舍，目睹其渐行渐远，难免触目伤怀，悔不当初。但青春不再却又着实让人悲喜交加。可即便奇迹出现，时光倒流，却也无人情愿重度那段青春岁月。

20.写作题

Writeanessayofabout250to300wordsonthetopic“LoveandBeingLoved"accordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelow.

爱和被爱是人际社会关系最重要的一对因子。爱是付出，它是奉献；被爱是接受，它是幸福；但它们又是相互置换。请你围绕这一命题，结合事例谈谈你对它们的认识和看法。

【答案】略

21.单选题

Expertssaidtheamountofcompensationforsicksmokerswouldbereducedifcoolerjurorsprevailed.

问题1选项

A.resigned

B.compromised

C.persisted

D.dominated

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。prevail表示“盛行，流行，战胜”；A项resign“辞职，放弃”，B项compromise“妥协，和解”，C项persist“坚持”，D项dominate“占主导地位，支配，控制”。句意：专家表示，如果冷酷的陪审员获胜，对生病吸烟者的赔偿金额将会减少。根据句意可知，选择D项正确。

22.翻译题

Inalmosteveryformofmedia,includingtelevision,newspapersandmagazines,agreatdealattentionispaidtothepersonallivesofcelebrities.Itseemsthatthepubliccannotgetenoughofthiskindofnews.However,Ibelievethatthemediahavearesponsibilitytopresentabalancedviewoftheworld,aswellasrespectthelivesofpublicfigures.Therefore,Ibelievethatthemediapaytoomuchattentiontothepersonallivesoffamouspeople.

Forpeoplewhoarefascinatedwiththelivesofpublicfigurestherearesomeformsofmediadevotedexclusivelytothistopic.TheycansatisfytheircuriositybybuyingfanmagazinesandwatchingTVshowsdevotedtoentertainmentnews.Thegeneralmediashouldpresentalltypesofinformationbecausepeoplehavedifferentinterests.Furthermore,thepracticeofdwellingontheprivatelivesofcelebritiescanleadpeopletopaymoreattentiontothesemattersthantheyotherwisewould.Perhapsmostimportantly,themediashouldrespecttheprivacyofeveryindividual,includingpublicfigures.Theymayhavechosentobeinthepubliceye,butthatdoesgivethepublictherighttoknoweverythingaboutthem.Moreover,manystoriesaboutcelebritiesareuntrue;theyareonlygossipreportedto-increasesalesofmagazinesandothermedia.Theyareunfairtothefamousandmisleadthepublic.

Forallofthesereasons,Ibelievethatthemediashouldpaymoreattentiontomattersotherthantheprivatelivesofpublicfigures.Inthisway,theycanappealtoawideraudienceandencouragepeopletodevelopotherinterests.Inmyopinion,themediacurrentlypaytoomuchattentiontotheprivatelivesofpublicfigures.

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

【答案】【参考译文】

几乎每一种媒体，包括电视、报纸和杂志，都把许多焦点放在名人的私生活上。公众似乎对这类新闻一直感兴趣。然而，我认为媒体有责任以公正的观点报道时事，并尊重公众人物的生活。因此，我认为媒体确实过分关注名人的私生活。

因为有些人对公众人物的生活很着迷，所以有些媒体就专门报道这个话题。他们可以通过购买针对歌迷发行的杂志和观看电视节目的娱乐新闻来满足自己的好奇心。一般媒体应该提供所有类型的信息，因为人们的兴趣各不相同。此外，老是纠缠于名人的私生活会让人们比平时更关注这些事情。也许最重要的是，媒体应该尊重每个人的隐私，包括公众人物的隐私。他们可能选择了出现在公众的视线中，但那并不表示大众有权知道他们的一切。此外，许多关于名人的故事都是不真实的；它们只是用来增加杂志和其他媒体销量的八卦报道。那些不实的报道不仅对名人不公平，还会误导公众。

基于所有这些理由，我认为媒体应该多关注公众人物私生活以外的事情。通过这种方式，他们可以吸引更广泛的受众，并鼓励人们培养其他兴趣。在我看来，目前的媒体过于关注公众人物以及他们的私生活。

23.单选题

Ahistoricchangeistakingplaceinhighereducation.Professorsarebeingheldresponsibleasneverbeforeforhowwelltheyservestudents.Ithasbecomeascommonincollegesanduniversitiesforstudentstogradeprofessorsasforprofessorstogradestudents.Infactstudentratings(评价)havebecomethemostwidelyusedandinmanycasestheonlyimportantinformationonteachingeffectiveness.Incomparingthreestudiesofthesame600middleandhighschoolsinmorethanthirtystatesitwasfoundthatthenumberofschoolsusingstudentratingstoevaluate(评估)teachershadclimbedfrom29percentto68percentto86percent.Noothermethodofevaluationgotthatdegreeofusageandotherstudieshavefoundsimilarresults.

Onereasonthatstudentevaluationsofteachershavebecomesopopularisthattheyareeasytocarryoutandtoscore.Buttheyarealsoeasytoabuse.Iftheyareexpectedtothrowmeaningfullightonteachers’'performancetheratingsmustbeusedinawaythatshowsatleastsomeofwhatwe’'velearntaboutthemfromresearchandfromexperience.

Researchandexperiencehaveshownus,forexample,thatstudentratingsshouldneverbetheonlybasisforevaluatingteachingeffectiveness.Thereismuchmoretoteachingthanwhatisevaluatedonstudentratingforms.Whenratingsareused,weknowthatstudentsshouldnotbeexpectedtojudgewhetherthematerialsusedinacourseareuptodateorhowwelltheteacherknowsthesubjectmatterofthecourse.

Thesejudgmentsrequireprofessionalbackgroundandarebestlefttotheprofessor’'scolleagues.Ontheotherhand,studentsshouldbeaskedtoestimatewhattheyhavelearnedinacourse,andtoreportonsuchthingsasaprofessor’'sabilitytocommunicateatthestudent’'slevel,professionalbehaviorintheclassroom,relationshipwithstudents,andabilitytoarouseinterestinthesubject.

1.Thecentralideaofthepassageisthat______.

2.WhichstatementisTRUE?

3.InstudentratingsarethefollowingquestionscanbeaskedEXCEPT:______.

4.Thesentenceinthethirdsecondparagraph“Buttheyalsoarealsoeasytoabuse”means______.

问题1选项

A.studentratingsaretheonlysourceofinformationonteachingeffectiveness

B.ratingshavebecomethemostwidelyusedsourceofinformationonteachingeffectiveness

C.besidestudentratings,thereareothermethodstoevaluateteachers

D.studentratingsareverypopularandshouldbeproperlyused

问题2选项

A.Studentevaluationsofteachersarepopularbecausetheyareextremelyaccurate.

B.Instudentratings,studentsshouldnotbeaskedquestionsthatrequireprofessionalbackground.

C.Studentratingscanbeusedunde