考研考博-英语-中原工学院信息商务学院考试押题三合一+答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-中原工学院信息商务学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Bothchildrenseemtobedoingeverythingtheycouldto（）me,whenIwasalreadyinabadmoodbeforegettinghome.

问题1选项

A.agitate

B.aggravate

C.aggregate

D.alleviate

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项agitate“摇动；骚动；使激动”；B选项aggravate“加重；使恶化；激怒”；C选项aggregate“集合；聚集；合计”；D选项alleviate“减轻，缓解”。句意：当我在回家之前就已经心情不好的时候，两个孩子似乎在尽他们所能来缓解我的情绪。根据句意可知D选项正确。

2.单选题

A:Whatareinthelady’ssuitcasearesmuggledcigarettes.

B:（

）.

问题1选项

A.Sucharetheonesinherhusband’ssuitcase.

B.Suchtheonesinherhusband’ssuitcaseare.

C.Sotheonesinherhusband’ssuitcaseare.

D.Soaretheonesinherhusband’ssuitcase.

【答案】D

【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。这里考查so+系动词（助动词或情态动词）+另一主语。属于主谓倒装结构，表示前句所述情况，也同样适用于第二句的主语。意思是“他丈夫的手提箱里的也是”。so意思是“也如此，也这样”，句意为：女士手提箱中是走私香烟。——他丈夫手提箱里的也是。正确答案选D。

3.翻译题

Nowwehavesteppedintotheinformationsociety.Theinformationindustrydevelopsveryrapidly.However,therearealsoalotofproblems:thehackers,trick-playingteensandinternet-basedcriminals.Thus,informationsocietybecomesanimportantissue.Informationleakagemayhurtalotofdepartments,suchasrelatedauthorities,enterprises,organizationsorinstitutes,aswellasindividuals.

【答案】现在我们已经步入了信息社会。信息产业发展非常迅速。然而，也有很多问题：黑客、恶作剧的青少年和网络犯罪分子。因此，信息社会成为一个重要的问题。信息泄露可能会给很多部门造成伤害，如相关当局、企业、组织或机构以及个人。

4.单选题

Peoplecannotconfessfullytotheirdreams,aseasilyandopenlyasoncetheycould,lesttheybethoughtpushing,（）andvulgar.

问题1选项

A.acquisitive

B.inquisitive

C.requisitive

D.prerequisitive

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项acquisitive“贪婪的；想获得的”；B选项inquisitive“好奇的；好问的”；C选项requisitive“需要的”；D选项prerequisitive“必要的；先决条件的”。句意：人们不能像以前那样轻易而公开地坦承自己的梦想，以免被人认为爱出风头、贪婪而庸俗。acquisitive是acquire的形容词形式，acquire有“获得，取得”的意思，由此可推断出acquisitive有“贪婪的；想获得的”的意思，再由题干中的“pushing莽撞的”和“vulgar粗俗的”可知“贪婪的”符合语境，因此A选项正确。

5.单选题

I’dratheryou（

）anythingaboutitforthetimebeing.

问题1选项

A.do

B.didn’tdo

C.don’t

D.didn’t

【答案】B

【解析】句意:我宁愿你目前什么也不要做。

语法题。考查虚拟语气。Wouldrather后面接从句时要用虚拟语气,表示对现在或将来的虚拟时,从句的谓语动词用一般过去时。故选B。

6.单选题

II.LastTerm,theSupremeCourtinUnitedStatesv.Halper,unanimouslycreatedaruleoflawthatwilldisruptfederal,state,andlocalgovernments’abilitytoenforceavastarrayofimportantregulatoryschemes,includingenvironmentalprotection,securitiesregulation,andtaxcollection.ThislikelydisruptionflowsfromtheCourt’srecognitionthatcertainconstitutionalprotections,previouslythoughtonlyavailabletocriminaldefendants,areattimesequallyaccessibletocivildefendantsfromwhomgovernmentisattemptingtocollectcivilpenaltiesforproscribedactivity.WhiletheCourt’sdecisioninHalperfocusedonlyontheextensionofthedoublejeopardyclausetocivilpenaltyproceedings,itsreasoningandholdingaresufficientlybroadtoallowtheapplicationofotherconstitutionalprotectionstogovernment-initiatedcivilpenaltycases.Theseadditionalconstitutionalprotectionscouldincludetheeighthamendment,theself-incriminationclauseoftheFifthAmendment,andthetrialguaranteesoftheSixthAmendment.

TurninginitiallytothemorenarrowdoublejeopardyissueaddressedinHalper,theCourt’sapplicationofdoublejeopardyprotectiontoacivilpenaltyproceedingwasaremarkablechangeinthelaw.Byextendingthereachofthedoublejeopardyclause,JusticeBlackmun’sopinionignoredaconsistentlineofcasesrecognizingdoublejeopardyprotectiononlyinthecontextofacriminalproceeding.LookingatHalperfromamorepanoramicangle,however,itistheCourt’sreasoning,apartfromitsholdingondoublejeopardythatformsthecoreofthedisruptioncreatedforgovernmentregulatoryprograms.

Forexample,intheprocessofjustifyingitsruling,theCourtfounditnecessary:(1)toblurthelinebetweencivilandcriminalpunishmentandtodefinepunishmentforconstitutionalpurposestoincludecivilpenalties;(2)todiscardastatutoryconstructiontestusedforoverfiftyyearsindecidingwhetheralegislatureintendedacriminalorcivilpenalty;(3)torejecttheconceptofdeterrenceasalegitimateobjectiveofacivilstatute;(4)toreducetheconceptofgovernmentdamagetoamonetaryformulawhileignoringsubstantialprecedentwhichrecognizedthepossibilityofnonmeasurableharmtogovernment;(5)tocreateanaccountingprocedurefordecidingwhenthelineiscrossedbetweenremedyandpunishmentforconstitutionalpurposes;and(6)toallowindividualtrialcourtstoreplacethewilloflegislaturesindecidingtherationallevelofindemnitytogovernmentforitsloss.

1.ThenewrulecreatedbytheCourtinHalpercasewilldisruptdifferentlevelsofgovernments’abilityto___.

2.AccordingtoHalper,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

3.Whatistheremarkablechangeinthelawaccordingtothesecondparagraph?

4.Readingtheparagraphsgiven,onecanfeelthatauthor___theHalpercase.

问题1选项

A.enforceavastarrayofimportantregulatoryschemes

B.enforcealltheimportantregulatoryschemes

C.enforcetheimportantregulatoryschemesofenvironmentalprotection,securitiesregulation,andtaxcollection

D.enforcetheimportantregulatoryschemesotherthanenvironmentalprotection,securitiesregulation,andtaxcollection

问题2选项

A.Certainconstitutionalprotections,previouslythoughtonlyavailabletocriminaldefendants,areequallyaccessibletocivildefendants.

B.Thereasoningandholdingaresufficientlybroadtoallowtheapplicationofotherconstitutionalprotectionstogovernment-initiatedcivilpenaltycases.

C.Theeighthamendment,theself-incriminationclauseoftheFifthAmendment,andthetrialguaranteesoftheSixthAmendmentareavailabletocivildefendants.

D.TheCourt’sreasoninganddecisionfocusedonlyontheextensionofthedoublejeopardyclausetocivilpenaltyproceedings.

问题3选项

A.Tonarrowdoublejeopardyissue.

B.Toignoreaconsistentlineofcasesrecognizingdoublejeopardyprotectiononlyinthecontextofacriminalproceeding.

C.Theapplicationofdoublejeopardyprotectiontoacivilpenaltyproceeding.

D.TolookatHalperfromamorepanoramicangle.

问题4选项

A.disagreeswith

B.hasnegativefeelingwith

C.whollysupports

D.likes

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:B

【解析】1.事实细节题。根据题干定位到第一段第一句LastTerm,theSupremeCourtinUnitedStatesv.Halper,unanimouslycreatedaruleoflawthatwilldisruptfederal,state,andlocalgovernments’abilitytoenforceavastarrayofimportantregulatoryschemes,includingenvironmentalprotection,securitiesregulation,andtaxcollection.（上一届，最高法院在美国诉Halper案中一致制定了一项法律规则，该规则将破坏联邦、州和地方政府执行一系列重要监管计划的能力，包括环境保护、证券监管和税收征收）可知选A选项“执行一系列重要的监管计划”；B选项“执行所有重要的规管计划”，C选项“执行环境保护、证券监管、税收征管等重要监管方案”以及D选项“执行除环境保护、证券监管和税收征管外的重要监管计划”都不符合原文。因此A选项正确。

2.事实细节题。根据第一段ThislikelydisruptionflowsfromtheCourt’srecognitionthatcertainconstitutionalprotections,previouslythoughtonlyavailabletocriminaldefendants,areattimesequallyaccessibletocivildefendantsfromwhomgovernmentisattemptingtocollectcivilpenaltiesforproscribedactivity.（这种可能造成的干扰是由于最高法院认识到，某些宪法保护以前被认为只适用于刑事被告，但有时也适用于民事被告，政府正试图对被禁止的活动收取民事处罚）可知A选项“某些宪法保护以前被认为只适用于刑事被告，现在对民事被告也同样适用”和原文不符；第一段WhiletheCourt’sdecisioninHalperfocusedonlyontheextensionofthedoublejeopardyclausetocivilpenaltyproceedings,itsreasoningandholdingaresufficientlybroadtoallowtheapplicationofotherconstitutionalprotectionstogovernment-initiatedcivilpenaltycases.Theseadditionalconstitutionalprotectionscouldincludetheeighthamendment,theself-incriminationclauseoftheFifthAmendment,andthetrialguaranteesoftheSixthAmendment.（虽然法院在Halper案中的裁决只侧重于将双重危险条款扩展到民事处罚程序，但其推理和裁定的范围足够广泛，允许将其他宪法保护适用于政府发起的民事处罚案件。这些附加的宪法保护包括第八修正案、第五修正案的自证其罪条款和第六修正案的审判保障）可知B选项“推理和裁定的范围足够广泛，允许对政府发起的民事处罚案件适用其他宪法保护”，C选项“第八修正案、第五修正案的自证其罪条款和第六修正案的审判保证对民事被告适用”以及D选项“法院的推理和裁决只集中于将双重危险条款扩大到民事处罚程序”符合原文。因此A选项符合题意。

3.事实细节题。根据题干定位到第二段第一句TurninginitiallytothemorenarrowdoublejeopardyissueaddressedinHalper,theCourt’sapplicationofdoublejeopardyprotectiontoacivilpenaltyproceedingwasaremarkablechangeinthelaw.（最初转向Halpe案中涉及的更狭义的双重危险问题，法院对民事处罚程序的双重危险保护的适用是法律上的一个显著变化）可知选C选项“双重危险保护在民事处罚程序中的适用”；A选项“缩小双重危险问题”，B选项“忽视一系列只有在刑事诉讼中才承认双重危险保护的案件”以及D选项“从一个更全景的角度看Halper案”皆不是原文提到的法律上的一个显著变化。因此C选项正确。

4.观点态度题。定位到第二段Byextendingthereachofthedoublejeopardyclause,JusticeBlackmun’sopinionignoredaconsistentlineofcasesrecognizingdoublejeopardyprotectiononlyinthecontextofacriminalproceeding.LookingatHalperfromamorepanoramicangle,however,itistheCourt’sreasoning,apartfromitsholdingondoublejeopardythatformsthecoreofthedisruptioncreatedforgovernmentregulatoryprograms.（通过扩大双重危险条款的范围，布莱克门法官的意见忽视了一系列只有在刑事诉讼中才承认双重危险保护的案件。然而，从更全面的角度来看，除了对双重危险的认定外，法院的推理构成了对政府监管项目造成破坏的核心）可知作者认为Halper案的处理方式导致了对政府监管项目造成破坏的核心，可以推测作者对Halper案有负面感觉，选B选项“对Halper案有负面的感觉”；A选项“不同意”太过严重；C选项“完全支持”和D选项“喜欢”都不符合原文的表达。因此B选项正确。

7.单选题

Thecropwasseverely（）bytherecentheavydrought.

问题1选项

A.infected

B.afflicted

C.affected

D.inflicted

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。infect“感染”；afflict“折磨；使痛苦”；affect“影响”；inflict“造成；给与（打击）等”。crop“庄稼”与heavydrought“严重干旱”之间的联系是：后者影响前者。因此选项C符合题意。

8.单选题

Thegovernorwas___bythepublicformisusinghispowerforpersonalinterests.

问题1选项

A.sneaked

B.praised

C.flailed

D.rebuked

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项sneaked“溜；鬼鬼祟祟做事；向老师打小报告；偷偷地做；偷偷取得”；B选项praised“赞扬；（尤指唱歌）歌颂（上帝）”；C选项flailed“乱动；（用棍棒）猛击；（使）大幅波动；踉跄；用连枷打（谷）”；D选项rebuked“斥责，指责；控制”。句意：这位州长因滥用权力谋取个人利益而受到公众的___。本句表达“被公众斥责”，因此D选项正确。

9.单选题

Birdsthatareliterallyhalfasleep—withonebrainhemispherealertandtheothersleeping—controlwhichsideofthebrainremainsawake,accordingtoanewstudyofsleepingducks.Earlierstudieshavedocumentedhalf-brainsleepinawiderangeofbirds.Thebrainhemispherestaketurnssinkingintothesleepstagecharacterizedbyslowbrainwaves.Theeyecontrolledbythesleepinghemispherekeepsshut,whilethewakefulhemisphere’seyestaysopenandalert.Birdsalsocansleepwithbothhemispheresrestingatonce.

Decadesofstudiesofbirdflocksledresearcherstopredictextraalertnessinthemorevulnerable,end-of-the-rowsleepers.Sureenough,intheendbirdstendedtowatchcarefullyonthesideawayfromtheircompanions.Ducksintheinnerspotsshowednopreferenceforgazedirection.

Also,birdsdozing（打盹）attheendofthelineresortedtosingle-hemispheresleep,ratherthantotalrelaxation,moreoftenthaninnerducksdid.Rotating16birdsthroughthepositionsinafour-duckrow,theresearchersfoundouterbirdshalf-asleepduringsome32percentofdozinglimeversusabout12percentforbirdsininternalspots.

‘‘Webelievethisisthefirstevidenceforananimalbehaviorallycontrollingsleepandwakefulnesssimultaneouslyindifferentregionsofthebrain,”theresearcherssay.

Theresultsprovidethebestevidenceforalong-standingsuppositionthatsingle-hemispheresleepevolvedascreaturesscannedforenemies.Thepreferenceforopeninganeyeonthelookoutsidecouldbewidespread,hepredicts.He’sseenitinapairofbirdsdozingside-by-sideinthezooandinasinglepetbirdsleepingbymirror.Theniirroi-sideeyeclosedasifthereflectionwereacompanionandtheothereyestayedopen.

Usefulashalf-sleepingmightbe,ifsonlybeenfoundinbirdsandsuchwatermammals（哺乳动物）asdolphins,whales,andseals.Perhapskeepingonesideofthebrainawakeallowsasleepinganimaltosurfaceoccasionallytoavoiddrowning.

Studiesofbirdsmayofferuniqueinsightsintosleep.JeromeM.SiegeloftheUCLAsayshewondersifbird’shalf-brainsleepis“justthetipoftheiceberg（冰山）Hespeculatesthatmoreexamplesmayturnupwhenwetakeacloserlookatotherspecies.

1.Anewstudyonbirds’sleephasrevealedthat（）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,birdsoftenhalfsleepbecause（）.

3.Theexampleofabirdsleepinginfrontofamirrorindicatesthat（）.

4.Whilesleeping,somewatermammalstendtokeephalfawakeinorderto（）.

5.By“justthetipoftheiceberg”(Line2,lastPara),Siegelsuggeststhat（）.

问题1选项

A.birdscancontroltheirhalf-brainsleepconsciously

B.birdsseldomsleepwiththewholeoftheirbrainatrest

C.half-brainsleepisfoundinawidevarietyofbirds

D.half-brainsleepischaracterizedbyslowbrainwaves

问题2选项

A.theyhavetoconstantlykeepaneyeontheircompanions

B.thetwohalvesoftheirbrainaredifferentlystructured

C.theyhavetowatchoutforpossibleattacks

D.theirbrainhemispherestaketurnstorest

问题3选项

A.birdsprefertosleepinpairsforthesakeofsecurity

B.thephenomenonofbirdsdozinginpairsiswidespread

C.asinglepetbirdenjoysseeingitsownreflectioninthemirror

D.evenanimaginedcompaniongivesthebirdasenseofsecurity

问题4选项

A.avoidbeingsweptawaybyrapidcurrents

B.emergefromwaternowandthentobreathe

C.alertthemselvestotheapproachingenemy

D.besensitivetotheever-changingenvironment

问题5选项

A.half-brainsleepisaphenomenonthatcouldexistamongotherspecies

B.mostbirdslivingincoldregionstendtobehalfsleepers

C.themysteryofhalf-brainsleepisclosetobeingsolved

D.half-brainsleephassomethingtodowithicyweather

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。A:鸟类能有意识地控制其半脑睡眠,第一段指出:Birdsthatareliterallyhalfasleep—witlionebrainhemispherealertandtheothersleeping—controlwhichsideofthebrainremainsawake,accordingtoanewstudyofsleepingducks(一项对睡着的鸭子的最新研究发现，实际上半睡眠状态的鸟类（即一个大脑半球保持警惕，另一个大脑半球保持睡眠）能控制大脑的哪一边保持醒着),因此A正确。B:鸟类很少在其整个大脑休息的情况下睡觉,文章并未提及。C:半脑睡眠在很多鸟类中被发现,第一段指出:Earlierstudieshavedocumentedhalf-brainsleepinawiderangeofbirds(更早期的研究记录了很多鸟类有半睡眠情况),但题干问的是:一项关于鸟类睡眠的新研究表明…,因此不选C项。D:以缓慢的脑电波为特点的半脑睡眠,由第—段中“Thebrainhemispherestaketurnssinkingintothesleepstagecharacterizedbyslowbrainwaves.大脑半球轮流陷入以缓慢的脑电波为特点的睡眠状态”指D项不正确。

2.细节事实题。第五段指出:Theresultsprovidethebestevidenceforalong-standingsuppositionthatsingle-hemispheresleepevolvedascreaturesscannedforenemies(这些结果为单独的脑半球睡眠随着生物观察敌人而演化这一长期存在的猜测，提供了最佳的证据),因此C项“它们不得不戒备可能的袭击”正确。

3.判断推理题。第五段指出:Thepreferenceforopeninganeyeonthelookoutsidecouldbewidespread,hepredicts(他预测对在警戒一边张开眼睛的偏好可能广泛存在),Themirror-sideeyeclosedasifthereflectionwereacompanionandtheothereyestayedopen(镜子一边的眼睛闭着，好似映像是一个同伴，而另外的一只眼睛却保持张开),由此可知D“甚至一个想象的同伴都能给鸟一种安全感”正确。

4.细节事实题。倒数第二端指出:Perhapskeepingonesideofthebrainawakeallowsasleepinganimaltosurfaceoccasionallytoavoiddrowning(或许保持大脑—边醒着可让一个睡着的动物偶尔浮出水面来避免被淹死)。故选B:不时地从水中上浮来呼吸。

5.判断推理题。由题干定位至最后一段第二行:Hespeculatesthatmoreexamplesmayturnupwhenwetakeacloserlookatotherspecies(推测，当我们更近距离地观察其它物种吋，更多例子（即文中提及的半睡眠的例子）可能出现),因此选A:半脑睡眠是一个可能存在于其它物种间的现象。

10.单选题

InAfricaHIVandAIDScontinueto（）thepopulation;nearly60percentofthoseinfectedarewomen.

问题1选项

A.alleviate

B.boost

C.capture

D.ravage

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项alleviate“减轻，缓和”；B选项boost“促进，增加”；C选项capture“捕获”；D选项ravage“毁坏，破坏，蹂躏”。句意：在非洲，艾滋病毒和艾滋病继续_____人们；将近60%的感染者是女性。这里表达的意思是艾滋病仍然在非洲肆虐，“蹂躏着那里的人们”，因此D选项符合题意。

11.单选题

Lastyear’s800-oddeventshavemushroomedtomorethan2,100,andscoresofelectedandwould-beelectedofficials,includingpresumptiveDemocraticpresidentialnomineeJohnF.Kerry,havegonebeforethecamerastopayhomagetotheweek’shealthcaretheme.

Butsomeanalystswonderwhetherthelawmakerswhoarerollingoutnewproposalsandrecyclingoldonesaremoreconcernedaboutscoringpoliticalpointsthanfindingsolutionstotheproblemsgeneratedbyafracturedhealthcaresystem.

Despitetheequallyferventdeclarationscomingfromeverysidethat,asSen.OlympiaJ.Snowe(R-Maine)said,“Nowisnotsoonenoughtogetthejobdone,”fundamentalphilosophicaldifferences—aswellasthewarinIraq,terrorismfearsandthefederalbudgetdeficit—willcontinuetodeterminewhat,ifanything,comesofallthetalk.

Acrossthecountry,groupsfromtheU.S.ChamberofCommercetotheAFL-CIO,fromtheSouthernBaptistConventiontotheIslamicSocietyofNorthAmerica,havesponsoredworkshops,townhallmeetingsandnewsconferencesthisweektocallattentiontotheproblemscausedbyrisinghealthcarecostsandshrinkingcoverage—andtodemandgovernmentaction.

Butinthenation’scapital,thepolicyproposalspresentedbyseparategroupsofRepublicanandDemocraticlawmakershavealmostnothingincommonandcomewrappedinpoliticalinvectivedirectedattheotherside.

Forinstance,Sen.GordonSmithsaidTuesdaythekeydifferencebetweentheRepublicans’targeted,tax-basedproposalsanddemocraticbillstoexpandexistinggovernmentprogramswas“thechoicebetweensuperiorhealthcareformostAmericansandfindingwaystoincludetherestoftheAmericans,ormediocrehealthcareforallAmericans.”

Theyincludepreviousproposals,suchasmalpracticereformandtaxcredits,aswellasanewplantoforgivesomestudentloansforcollegegraduateswhoinvestintax-free,high-deducibletaxsavingsplans.

AstudyreleasedMondaybytheUrbanInstitute,asocialpolicyresearchorganizationinWashington,saidthatprovidinghealthinsurancetothosewholackedcoveragewouldincreasemedicalspendingby$48billionayear.

Someanalyststhinkgrowingpublicconcernaboutcost,qualityandavailabilityofhealthcarecouldforceWashingtontoact―eventually.

26.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedasthetitleofthepassage?

27.Accordingtothispassage,Americansarefacing____.

28.Theauthorwritesthisarticleinorderto____.

29.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueaccordingtothepassage?

30.WhatdotheAmericansneedmostfortheirhealthcareaccordingtothispassage?

问题1选项

A.HealthcareIssuesAttractPlentyofTalkbutLittleAction

B.TheRepublicans’Targeted,Tax-BasedProposals

C.DemocraticBillsExpandExistingGovernmentPrograms

D.ConcernsaboutCost,QualityandAvailabilityofHealthcare

问题2选项

A.providinghealthinsurancetothosewholackedcoverage

B.findingsolutionstotheproblemsbroughtaboutbyafracturedhealthcaresystem

C.risinghealthcarecostbutshrinkingcoverage

D.thekeydifferencebetweentheRepublicansandtheDemocrats

问题3选项

A.arousepublicattentiontohealthissues

B.assistthegovernment

C.expresstheopinionsofthepoor

D.providehealthinsurance

问题4选项

A.Manyorganizationshavesponsoredmeetingstodemandgovernmentaction.

B.Bothelectedandwould-beelectedofficialsareinterestedinthetopicofhealthcare.

C.RepublicansandDemocratshavefundamentallydifferentpolicyproposals.

D.Americanswelcometheproposalsgeneratedbybothparties.

问题5选项

A.Growingpublicconcernaboutcost,qualityandavailabilityofhealthcare.

B.Waystohelpthenation’s44millionuninsuredtogethealthcoverage.

C.Governmentactiontoprovidehealthinsurancetothosewholackedcoverage.

D.Alltheabove.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】26.主旨大意题。题干“下列最适合做本文标题的是哪一项？”首先，本文的主题是“医疗保健问题”，所以标题中应该出现相关字眼，排除B选项“共和党有针对性的基于税收的提案”、C选项“民主党的法案扩大了现有的政府项目”，两者都只是文中的某个细节；文章首段指出大选各方都关注“医疗保健问题”；第2段指出有人担心这些人只是政治做秀而非真正想解决问题；第3-8段展开佐证他们并不是真正想解决问题；最后一段Someanalyststhinkgrowingpublicconcernaboutcost,qualityandavailabilityofhealthcarecouldforceWashingtontoact―eventually.（一些分析人士认为，公众对医疗保健的成本、质量和可用性日益增长的担忧可能会迫使华盛顿最终采取行动。）由此可知，政府对于“医疗保健问题”尚未采取行动来解决。A选项“关于医疗保健问题，说得多做得少”符合原文；D选项“对医疗保健的成本、质量和可用性的关注”，虽然在最后一段提到了，但全文并没有展开介绍公众“对医疗保健的成本、质量和可用性的关注”。因此，本题最佳选项为A。

27.判断推理题。题干“根据文章，美国人正面临____”，要根据全文主旨判断。原文第2段Butsomeanalystswonderwhetherthelawmakerswhoarerollingoutnewproposalsandrecyclingoldonesaremoreconcernedaboutscoringpoliticalpointsthanfindingsolutionstotheproblemsgeneratedbyafracturedhealthcaresystem.（但一些分析人士怀疑，那些推出新提案、重复使用旧提案的议员们，是否更关心的是在政治上得分，而不是为支离破碎的医疗体系带来的问题找到解决方案。）而文章第3-8段展开佐证他们并不是真正想解决问题，而最后一段指出公众对医疗保健的担忧可能会促使政府解决问题。由此可知，采取行动解决支离破碎的医疗体系带来的问题是美国人正面临的问题，B选项“寻找解决医疗保健系统分裂带来的问题的方法”符合原文。A选项“为那些没有医疗保险的人提供医疗保险”，可定位到原文倒数第2段Astudy…saidthatprovidinghealthinsurancetothosewholackedcoveragewouldincreasemedicalspendingby$48billionayear.（一项研究表明，为那些没有医疗保险的人提供医疗保险每年将增加480亿美元的医疗支出。）由此可知，A选项只是某项研究的内容，但这并不是题干所问，排除；D选项“共和党和民主党之间的关键区别”，可定位到原文第6段Sen.GordonSmithsaidTuesdaythekeydifferencebetween…was…（参议员GordonSmith周二表示，……之间的关键区别是……）但是这并不是题干所问的美国人正面临的问题，根据主旨，美国人面临的问题是跟“医疗保健”相关的，排除。干扰选项C“医疗成本上升，但保险覆盖面缩小”，可定位到原文第4段Acrossthecountry,groupsfrom…callattentiontotheproblemscausedbyrisinghealthcarecostsandshrinkingcoverage—andtodemandgovernmentaction.（在全国范围内，……各团体呼吁关注医疗成本上升和覆盖范围缩小所导致的问题，并要求政府采取行动。）由此可知，美国人面临的是“医疗成本上升和覆盖范围缩小所导致的问题”，而非“医疗成本上升，但保险覆盖面缩小”本身，选项表述不够准确。因此，本题最佳选项为B。

28.作者意图题。本文是围绕“医疗保健问题”展开的，文章首段指出大选各方都关注“医疗保健”；第2段指出有人担心这些人只是政治做秀而非真正想解决问题；第3-8段展开说明他们并不是真正想解决问题；最后一段指出一些人认为，公众对医疗保健的成本、质量和可用性日益增长的担忧可能会迫使政府采取行动。由此推断，作者的意图应为引起读者对“医疗保健问题”的关注，从而促使政府采取措施解决问题，A选项“引起公众对健康问题的关注”，表述符合题意。B选项“协助政府”，表述错误，不是为了帮助政府，而是为了解决问题，排除；C选项“表达穷人的意见”，表述错误，文章并未说“医疗保健问题”仅仅是穷人的问题，排除；D选项“提供医疗保险”，表述错误，提供医疗保险并非作者的事，也不会是作者的写作意图，作者能做的是引起大家对问题的关注。因此，本题最佳选项为A。

29.事实细节题。A选项“许多组织已经发起会议要求政府采取行动”，可定位到原文第4段Acrossthecountry,groups…,havesponsoredworkshops,townhallmeetingsandnewsconferencesthisweekto…—andtodemandgovernmentaction.（本周，全国各种团体发起了研讨会、市政厅会议和新闻发布会，要求……，并要求政府采取行动。）选项表述符合原文；B选项“当选官员和准当选官员都对医疗保健这个话题感兴趣”，可定位到原文第1段…scoresofelectedandwould-beelectedofficials,…,havegonebeforethecamerastopayhomagetotheweek’shealthcaretheme.（……数十名当选和即将当选的官员……在镜头前对本周的医疗保健主题表示敬意。）选项表述符合原文；C选项“共和党和民主党有着本质上不同的政策建议”，可定位到原文第5段thepolicyproposalspresentedbyseparategroupsofRepublicanandDemocraticlawmakershavealmostnothingincommonand...（共和党和民主党议员分别提出的政策建议几乎没有任何共同之处，并且……）选项表述符合原文；D选项“美国人欢迎两党提出的建议”，可定位到原文最后一段Someanalyststhinkgrowingpublicconcernaboutcost,qualityandavailabilityofhealthcarecouldforceWashingtontoact―eventually.（一些分析人士认为，公众对医疗保健的成本、质量和可用性日益增长的担忧可能会迫使华盛顿最终采取行动。）由此可知，公众对医院保健的很多问题存在担忧，所以，对于两党提出的解决问题的建议应该是不太满意的，选项表述与原文不符。因此，本题最佳选项为D。

30.事实细节题。题干“根据这篇文章，美国人对于医疗保健最需要的是什么？”A选项“公众日益关注医疗保健的成本、质量和可用性”，可定位到原文最后一段Someanalyststhinkgrowingpublicconcernaboutcost,qualityandavailabilityofhealthcarecouldforceWashingtontoact―eventually.（一些分析人士认为，公众对医疗保健的成本、质量和可用性日益增长的担忧也许会迫使华盛顿最终采取行动。）由此可知，美国人需要公众日益关注医疗保健的成本、质量和可用性，以促使华盛顿政府真正采取措施解决问题，选项表述符合题意；根据原文第2段Butsomeanalystswonderwhetherthelawmakers…aremoreconcernedabout…thanfindingsolutionstotheproblemsgeneratedbyafracturedhealthcaresystem.（但一些分析人士怀疑，议员们是否更关心的是……，而不是为支离破碎的医疗体系带来的问题寻找解决方案。）由此可知，美国人需要解决的是“支离破碎的医疗系统所带来的许多问题”，而非简单的为没有医疗保险的人提供医疗保险，所以B选项“帮助美国4400万没有保险的人获得医疗保险的方法”（原文并没有提到美国有4400万人没有保险），C选项“政府采取行动为那些没有医疗保险的人提供医疗保险”表述不符合原文，排除；D选项“以上都是”，B、C选项都不对，D选项排除。因此，本题最佳选项为A。

12.单选题

Ontopofthebarrenhill（）apagoda,whichwasn’treallythattallwhenseenonlevelground.Viewedatthefootofthehill,however,itsureseemedlikealittleTowerofBabel.

问题1选项

A.prompted

B.erected

C.stood

D.squatted

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项prompted“促进；激起”；B选项erected“使直立；竖立”；C选项stood“竖立着”；D选项squatted“蹲坐”。句意：荒山顶上……一座宝塔，从平地上看并不算高。然而，但是从山脚下看过去犹如一个小小通天塔。关键词pagoda“宝塔”，意思是在山顶上有一座宝塔，其中的动词还可以替换为矗立着，竖立着进行替换。因此C选项符合题意。

13.单选题

Twothirdsofthebooks______soldoutbutonly10percentoftheincome______tome.

问题1选项

A.was;were

B.was;was

C.were;was

D.were;were

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.was;were是（单数）；是（复数）B.was;was是（单数）；是（单数）

C.were;was是（复数）；是（单数）D.were;were是（复数）；是（复数）

【考查点】主谓一致。

【解题思路】第一个空格的主语是Twothirdsofthebooks（三分之二的书籍），book是可数名词且用的是复数形式，所以第一个空格要填入were；第二个空格的主语是10percentoftheincome（百分之十的收入），income是不可数名词，所以第二个空格填入was，该题选择C项恰当。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D项不符合主谓一致原则。

【句意】三分之二的书卖完了，但只有10%的收入归我所有。

14.单选题

Bothversionsofthemyth一theWestasaplaceofescapefromsocietyandtheWestasastageonwhichthemoralconflictsconfrontingsocietycouldbeplayedout—figuredprominentlyinthehistoriesandessaysofyoungTheodoreRoosevelt，thepaintingsandsculpturesofartistFredericRemington,andtheshortstoriesandnovelsofwriterOwenWister.ThesethreeyoungmembersoftheeasternestablishmentspentmuchtimeintheWestinthe1880s,andeachwasintenselyaffectedbytheadventure.Allthreehadfeltthwartedbytheconstraintsandenervatinginfluenceofthegenteelurbanworldinwhichtheyhadgrownup,andeachwentWesttoexperiencethephysicalchallengesandmoralsimplicitiesextolledinthedimenovels.WhenRooseveltarrivedin1884attheranchhehadpurchasedintheDakotaBadlands,heatonceboughtaleatherscout’suniform,completewithfringedsleevesandleggings.

EachmanalsofoundintheWestpreciselywhathewaslookingfor.ThefrontierthatRooseveltglorifiedinsuchbooksasTheWinningoftheWest(fourvolumes,1889-1896),andthattheprolificRemingtonportrayedinhiswork,wasastarkphysicalandmoralenvironmentthatstrippedawayallsocialartificeandtestedanindividual’strueabilityandcharacter.DrawingonapopularversionofEnglishscientistCharlesDarwin’sevolutionarytheory,whichcharacterizedlifeasastruggleinwhichonlythefittestandhastsurvived,RooseveltandRemingtonexaltedthedisappearingfrontierasthelastoutpostofanhonestandtruesocialorder.

ThisversionofthefrontiermythreacheditsapogeeinOwenWister’senormouslypopularnovelTheVirginian(1902)，laterreincarnatedasa1929GaryCoopermovieanda1960stelevisionseries.InWister’staletheelemental,physicalandsocialenvironmentoftheGreatPlainsproducesindividualslikehisunnamedcowboyhero,“theVirginian”，anhonest,strong,andcompassionateman,quicktohelptheweakandfightthewicked.TheVirginianisoneofnature’saristocrats—ill-educatedandunsophisticatedbutuptight,steady,anddeeplymoral.TheVirginiansumsuphisownmoralcodeindescribinghisviewofGod’sjustice:“Heplaysasquaregamewithus.”ForWister,asforRooseveltandRemington,thecowboywastheChristianknightonthePlains,indifferenttomaterialgainasheheldvirtue,pursuedjustice,andattackedevil.

Needlesstosay,thewesternmythinallitsformswasfarremovedfromtheactualrealityoftheWest.CriticsdelightedinpointingoutthatnoonesceneinTheVirginianactuallyshowedthehardphysicallaborofthecattlerange.TheidealizedversionoftheWestalsoglossedoverthedarkerundersideoffrontierexpansion—thebrutalitiesofIndianwarfare,theforcedremovaloftheIndianstoreservations,theracistdiscriminationagainstMexican-Americansandblacks,therisksandperilsofcommercialagricultureandcattlegrowing,andtheboom-and-bustmentalityrootedintheselfishexploitationofnaturalresources.

1.Whichofthef