考研考博-英语-上海出版印刷高等专科学校考试押题三合一+答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-上海出版印刷高等专科学校考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Jimisso（）afterinjuringhislegthathehasgreatdifficultyinwalking.

问题1选项

A.lane

B.lamp

C.lamb

D.lame

【答案】D

【解析】考查同形词辨析。A选项lane“小巷”；B选项lamp“灯；照射器”；C选项lamb“羔羊”；D选项lame“瘸的”。句意：吉姆的腿受伤后……，走路都很困难。根据后面的injuringhisleg“腿受伤了”和描述程度hasgreatdifficultyinwalking“走路都很困难”，由此可知他的腿受伤后瘸了。因此D选项符合题意。

2.单选题

Giventhelackoffitbetweengiftedstudentsandtheirschools,itisnotsurprisingthatsuchstudentsoftenhavelittlegoodtosayabouttheirschoolexperience.Inonestudyof400adultswhohadachieveddistinctioninallareasoflife,researchersfoundthatthree-fifthsoftheseindividualseitherdidbadlyinschoolorwereunhappyinschool.FewMacArthurPrizefellows,winnersoftheMacArthurAwardforcreativeaccomplishment,hadgoodthingstosayabouttheirpre-collegiateschoolingiftheyhadnotbeenplacedinadvancedprograms.AnecdotalreportssupportthisPabloPicasso,CharlesDarwin,MarkTwain,OliverGoldsmith,andWilliamButlerYeatsalldislikedschool.SodidWinstonChurchill,whoalmostfailedoutofHarrow,aneliteBritishschool.AboutOliverGoldsmith,oneofhisteachersremarked,“Neverwassodullaboy.”Oftenthesechildrenrealizethattheyknowmorethantheirteachers,andtheirteachersoftenfeelthatthesechildrenarearrogant,inattentive,orunmotivated.

Someofthesegiftedpeoplemayhavedonepoorlyinschoolbecausetheirgiftswerenotscholastic.MaybewecanaccountforPicassointhisway.Butmostfaredpoorlyinschoolnotbecausetheylackedabilitybutbecausetheyfoundschoolunchallengingandconsequentlylostinterest.Yeatsdescribedthelackoffitbetweenhismindandschool:“BecauseIhadfounditdifficulttoattendtoanythinglessinterestingthanmyownthoughts,Iwasdifficulttoteach,”Asnotedearlier,giftedchildrenofallkindstendtobestrong-willednonconformists.NonconforinityandstubbornnessarelikelytoleadtoConflictswithteachers.

Whenhighlygiftedstudentsinanydomaintalkaboutwhatwasimportanttothedevelopmentoftheirabilities,theyarefarmorelikelytomentiontheirfamiliesthantheirschoolsorteachers.AwritingprodigystudiedbyDavidFeldmanandLyunGoldsmithwastaughtfarmoreaboutwritingbyhisjournalistfatherthanhisEnglishteacher.High-IQchildren,inAustraliastudiedbyMiracaGrossbadmuchmorepositivefeelingsabouttheirfamiliesthantheirschools.AbouthalfofthemathematiciansstudiedbyBenjaminBloomhadlittlegoodtosayaboutschool.Theyalldidwellinschoolandtookhonorsclasseswhenavailable,andsomeskippedgrades.

1.Themainpointtheauthorismakingaboutschoolsisthat（

）.

2.TheauthorquotestheremarksofoneofOliverGoldsmith’steachers

（

）.

3.PabloPicassoislistedamongthemanygiftedchildrenwho

（

）.

4.Manygiftedpeopleattributedtheirsuccess

（

）.

5.Therootcauseofmanygiftedstudentshavingbadmemoriesoftheirschoolyearsisthat（

）.

问题1选项

A.theyshouldsatisfytheneedsofstudentsfromdifferentfamilybackgrounds

B.theyareoftenincapableofcateringtotheneedsoftalentedstudents

C.theyshouldorganizetheirclassesaccordingtothestudents’ability

D.theyshouldenrollasmanygiftedstudentsaspossible

问题2选项

A.toprovidesupportforhisargument

B.toillustratethestrongwillofsomegiftedchildren

C.toexplainhowdullstudentscanalsobesuccessful

D.toshowhowpoorOliver’sperformancewasatschool

问题3选项

A.paidnoattentiontotheirteachersinclass

B.contradictedtheirteachersmuchtoooften

C.couldnotcopewiththeirstudiesatschoolsuccessfully

D.behavedarrogantlyandstubbornlyinthepresenceoftheirteachers

问题4选项

A.mainlytoparentalhelpandtheireducationathome

B.bothtoschoolinstructionandtotheirparents’coaching

C.moretotheirparents’encouragementthantoschooltraining

D.Lesstotheirsystematiceducationthantotheirtalent

问题5选项

A.theirnonconformitybroughtlliemalotoftrouble

B.theywereseldompraisedbytheirteachers

C.schoolcoursesfailedtoinspireormotivatethem

D.teacherwereusuallyfarstricterthantheirparents

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章第一段第一句提到“如果有天赋的学生与学校互相不适应，也就不奇怪他们对读书经历没什么好感”（Giventhelackoffitbetweengiftedstudentsandtheirschools,itisnotsurprisingthatsuchstudentsoftenhavelittlegoodtosayabouttheirschoolexperience），选项B“它们经常满足不了有天赋的学生的要求”符合题意。

2.判断推理题。文章第一段提到如OliverGoldsmith这类有天赋的学生不喜欢学校，接下来列举了他们的学校经历来作证，因此作者引用Oliver老师中的一位的话是为了给自己的论证提供事实支持，选项A符合题意。

3.细节事实题。文章第二段第一句提到“这些具有天赋的学生中的一些人在学校可能因为天赋不在学业方面，因此表现很差，比如毕加索”（Someofthesegiftedpeoplemayhavedonepoorlyinschoolbecausetheirgiftswerenotscholastic.MaybewecanaccountforPicassointhisway），因此选项C“无法应对学校里的学习”符合题意。

4.细节事实题。文章最后一段第一句提到“当谈到能力培养的重要影响因素时，这些天赋极高的人谈论得更多的是他们的家庭而不是学校或者老师”（Whenhighlygiftedstudentsinanydomaintalkaboutwhatwasimportanttothedevelopmentoftheirabilities,theyarefarmorelikelytomentiontheirfamiliesthantheirschoolsorteachers），选项A“主要是父母在家里的教育”符合题意。

5.细节事实题。文章第二段第三句提到“但是大多数人在学校表现不好，并不是因为他们缺乏能力，而是因为他们觉得学校没有挑战性，因此失去了兴趣”（Butmostfaredpoorlyinschoolnotbecausetheylackedabilitybutbecausetheyfoundschoolunchallengingandconsequentlylostinterest），选项C“学校课程不能鼓励和激发他们的兴趣”符合题意。

3.单选题

About50yearsagotheideaofdisabledpeopledoingsportswasneverheardof.ButwhentheannualgamesforthedisabledwerestartedatStrokeMandeville,Englandin1948bySirLudwigGuttmann,thesituationbegantochange.SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGermany,hadbeenaskedbytheBritishgovernmenttosetupaninjuriescenteratStrokeMandevilleHospitalnearLondon.Hisideasabouttreatinginjuriesincludedsportsforthedisabled.

Inthefirstgamesjusttwoteamsofinjuredsoldierstookpart.Thenextyear,1949,fiveteamstookpart.Fromthosebeginningsthingsdevelopedfast.TeamsnowcomefromabroadtoStrokeMandevilleeveryyear.In1960thefirstOlympicsfortheDisabledwereheldinRome.Now,everyfouryears,theOlympicGamesfortheDisabledareheld,ifpossible,inthesameplaceasthenormalOlympicGames,althoughtheyareorganizedseparately.InotheryearsGamesfortheDisabledarestillheldatStrokeMandeville.Inthe1984wheelchairOlympicGames,1604wheelchairathletesfromabout40countriestookpart.Unfortunately,theywereheldatStrokeMandevilleandnotinLosAngles,alongwiththeotherOlympics.

TheGameshavebeenagreatsuccessinpromotinginternationalfriendshipandunderstanding,andinprovingthatbeingdisableddoesnotmeanyoucan'tenjoysports.Onesmallsourceofdisappointmentforthosewhoorganizeandtakepartinthegames,however,hasbeentheunwillingnessoftheInternationalOlympicCommitteetoincludethedisabledeventsattheOlympicGamesfortheable-bodied.Perhapsafewmoreyearsarestillneededtoconvincethosefortunateenoughnottobedisabledthattheirdisabledfellowathletesshouldnotbeexcluded.

1.Thefirstgamesforthedisabledwereheld（

）afterSirLudwigGuttmannarrivedinEngland.

2.BesidesStrokeMandeville,surelythegameforthedisabledwasonceheldin（

）.

3.InParagraph2theword"athlete"means

（

）.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?

5.Fromthepassagewemayconcludethatwriteris（

）.

问题1选项

A.50years

B.21years

C.9years

D.4years

问题2选项

A.NewYork

B.London

C.Rome

D.LosAngeles

问题3选项

A.peoplewhosupportthegame

B.Peoplewhowatchthegame

C.peoplewhoorganizedthegame

D.peoplewhocompeteinthegame

问题4选项

A.SirLudwigGuttmannisanearlyorganizerofthegamesforthedisabled.

B.SirLudwigGuttmannisaninjuredsoldier.

C.SirLudwigGuttmannisfromGermany.

D.SirLudwigGuttmanniswelcomedbytheBritish.

问题5选项

A.oneoftheorganizersofthegamesforthedisabled

B.adisabledwhooncetookpartinthegames

C.againstholdingthegamesforthedisabled

D.inthefavorofholdingthegameforthedisabled

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的ButwhentheannualgamesforthedisabledwerestartedatStrokeMandeville,Englandin1948bySirLudwigGuttmann,thesituationbegantochange.SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGermany可知第一次举办残疾人运动会是在1948年，SirLudwigGuttmann是在1939年从纳粹德国被驱赶到英国，因此选C。

2.细节事实题。由文章第二段中的In1960thefirstOlympicsfortheDisabledwereheldinRome.（1960年，第一届残疾人奥运会在罗马举行）可知选C。

3.词义题。由文章第二段中的Inthe1984wheelchairOlympicGames,1604wheelchairathletesfromabout40countriestookpart.（在1984年轮椅奥运会上，来自大约40个国家的1604名轮椅……参加了比赛）可知“athlete”是指参加比赛的人，A选项“支持者”，B选项“观看者”，C选项“组织者”，D选项“竞争者”，因此选D。

4.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGermany,hadbeenaskedbytheBritishgovernmenttosetupaninjuriescenteratStrokeMandevilleHospitalnearLondon.Hisideasabouttreatinginjuriesincludedsportsforthedisabled.（1939年从纳粹德国被驱赶到英国的SirLudwigGuttmann，被英国政府要求在伦敦附近的MandevilleHospital设立一个受伤中心。他对治疗受伤的想法包括残疾人运动）可知A、C、D选项正确，B选项“SirLudwigGuttmann是一名受伤的士兵”并没有在文中提及，因此选B。

5.观点态度题。由文章最后一段中的TheGameshavebeenagreatsuccessinpromotinginternationalfriendshipandunderstanding,andinprovingthatbeingdisableddoesnotmeanyoucan'tenjoysports...Perhapsafewmoreyearsarestillneededtoconvincethosefortunateenoughnottobedisabledthattheirdisabledfellowathletesshouldnotbeexcluded.（奥运会在增进国际友谊和理解方面取得了巨大的成功，也证明了残疾并不意味着你不能享受体育运动……也许还需要再过几年，才能说服那些幸运到没有残疾的人，他们的残疾运动员不应该被排除在奥运会外）可知作者是支持残疾人运动会的，因此D选项“支持为残疾人举办比赛”符合题意。

4.单选题

ThelegendofPaulRevere'smidnightridethroughtheMassachusettscountrysidein1775isknowntomostAmericans,youngandold.Asthestorygoes,PaulReverewasasilversmithinBostonatthetimeoftheAmericanRevolution.WhenhelearnedthattheBritisharmyplannedtoattackthetownsandvillagesofMiddlesexCounty,farmhouseandvillagehall,towarnthelocalrevolutionarysoldiersoftheplannedattack.Becauseofhiswarning(accordingtolegend)thestrugglingAmericancolonieswereabletodefeattheBritishinanimportantbattle.

OnereasonforthepopularityofthelegendmaybethepublicityithasreceivedthroughHenryWadsworthLongfellow'scommemorativepoem,PaulRevere’sRide.Longfellowwrotethepoemin1861andithassincethenbecomeoneofthemostwell-knownandwell-lovedpoemsinthecountry.Thepoemcertainlycapturesthesenseofdangerandexcitement,metwithcourageandingenuitywhichmanyAmericansassociatewiththeAmericanRevolution.Itiseasytounderstandwhythepoemevokessuchalargeaudience.

However,Longfellow'spoemcontainsanumberofhistoricalerrors.AccordingtoLongfellow'spoem,PaulRevereinstructedafriendtowatchthemovementoftheBritishtroopsanddeterminewhethertheymarchedinlandortowardstheirboats.ThefriendwasthentohanglanternsinthetoweroftheOldChurchinBoston:onelanterniftheBritishmarchedbylandandtwolanternsiftheymarchedbysea.Theexpression"oneifbylandandtwoifbysea,"takenfromLongfellow'spoem,hasbecomeverypopularandisoftenquoted.Butthisideacontainstwoinaccuracies.First,thelanternswerehunginthetoweroftheOldChristChurch,nottheOldNorthChurch,whichisinacompletelydifferentpartofBostonandwouldnothavebeenvisiblefromPaulRevere'slookoutpoint.Second,Longfellowconfusedthemeaningofthenumberoflanternstobehung:theactualarrangementwas"twoifbylandandoneifbysea.”

NotallofLongfellow'shistoricalmistakesaresominor.ItseemsasthoughLongfellowchosetoemphasizetheideaofoneloneherostrugglingagainstmanyopposingforces,withonlyhisownabilitiestorelyon.Butactually,PaulReverewasonlyoneofthreeridersdelegatedtowarntheRevolutionarysoldiersaboutthecomingattack.

SomepeoplefeelthatLongfellow'serrorsareinsignificant,andthattheidealsofcourageandcunningaretheimportantfeaturesofboththepoemandthehistoricaleventswhichinspiredit.Butothersfeelthat,whileitprobablymakeslittledifferencehowmanylanternswerehungfromwhichchurchtower,thepoem'semphasisonthesolitaryherorunscountertothemostvaluableideainthepoem:theideaofunityandcooperationinthefaceofdanger.Criticsofthepoemraiseanimportantquestion:Longfellow'spoemtellsafamousstory,andtellsitpowerfully—butisittherightstory?

1.Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutPaulRevereisTRUE?

2.PaulRevereRODETHROUGHMiddlesexCountybecausehewantedtowarnthelocaltownspeoplethat（）

3.Accordingtothearticle,whatisoneofthefactorsthatcontributetothepopularityofthestoryofPaulRevere?

4.Accordingtothearticle,whattheopponentsofLongfellow'spoemreallymean（）

5.ThelanternhungfromthetowerofOldNorthChurch（）

6.TheauthorthinksthatLongfellow'spoem（）

7.Theauthor'sattitudetowardLongfellow'spoemis（）

问题1选项

A.PaulReverewasasilversmithinBoston.

B.PaulRevererodeonhorsebackallaloneinMassachusetts.

C.PaulReverewasinstructedtowatchcloselythemovementsoftheBritishtroops.

D.PaulReverewasinstructedtowatchcloselythemovementsoftheBritishpeople.

问题2选项

A.theBritishweregoingtostealtheirsilver

B.theBritisharmywasgoingtoattackthem

C.theBritishweregoingtoplunderthetown

D.theyshouldescapefromtheBritishsoldiersbyseainsteadofrunningawayoverland

问题3选项

A.Longfellow'spoem"PaulRevere'sRide".

B.PaulRevere'scourageandbravery.

C.TheimportanteventoftheAmericanRevolution.

D.Animportantquestionraisedbycriticsofthepoem.

问题4选项

A.areallminor

B.makehispoemunpopular

C.mayconfusepeopleabouttheimportantideasbehindthehistoricaleventsonwhichthepoemisbased

D.showthatLongfellowdidnotcarehowmanyorfromwhichchurchtowerlanternswerehung

问题5选项

A.wasvisiblefromPaulRevere'slookoutpoint

B.indicatedthattheBritishweregoingtoattackbyland

C.isoneofmanyinaccuraciesinLongfellow'spoem

D.indicatedthattheBritishweregoingtoattackbysea

问题6选项

A.hashelpedtopublicizethestoryofPaulRevere

B.containsbothmajorandminorhistoricalinaccuracies

C.mayemphasizethewrongfeaturesofthestory

D.alloftheabove

问题7选项

A.largelysatirical

B.partiallycritical

C.fairlyappreciative

D.veryironical

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:C

第6题:D

第7题:B

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。根据第一段的第二句“PaulReverewasasilversmithinBoston.”可知选项A正确。

第2题:细节事实题。根据第一段第三句“helearnedthattheBritisharmyplannedtoattackthetownsandvillagesofMiddlesexCounty,farmhouseandvillagehall.”他（PaulRevere）得知英军计划进攻米德尔塞克斯郡的城镇和村庄、农舍和村堂。选项B符合原文。

第3题:细节事实题。根据第二段第一句“OnereasonforthepopularityofthelegendmaybethepublicityithasreceivedthroughHenryWadsworthLongfellow'scommemorativepoem,PaulRevere,sRide.”传说如此流行的一个原因可能是它通过亨利•沃兹沃斯•朗费罗的纪念诗《骑马飞奔的保罗里维尔》得到了公众的关注。选项A正确。

第4题:细节推断题。根据最后一段的内容，有人认为，这首诗对孤独英雄的强调与诗中最有价值的理念背道而驰：面对危险时团结合作的理念。这首诗的评论家提出了一个重要的问题：朗费罗的诗讲述了一个著名的故事，而且讲述得很有力——但这是正确的故事吗？也就是说这首诗所依据的历史事件背后的重要思想可能会让人们感到困惑。选项C符合原文。

第5题:细节推断题。根据题干关键词“OldNorthChurch”定位到第三段倒数第二句“thelanternswerehunginthetoweroftheOldChristChurch,nottheOldNorthChurch,...”这是对上句“Butthisideacontainstwoinaccuracies.”的举例。所以选项C正确。

第6题:细节推断题。根据第二段的第一句“Onereasonforthepopularity...,PaulRevere’sRide.”可知选项A正确；根据第四段的第一句“NotallofLongfellow'shistoricalmistakesaresominor.”可知选项B正确；根据第五段的第一句“Somepeople...whichinspiredit.”有些人认为朗费罗的错误不重要，勇敢和狡猾的理想是这首诗的重要特征，也是激发它的历史事件的重要特征。选项C正确。所以本题选D。

第7题:作者态度题。本文前半部分讲述了朗费罗的诗的积极的一面，接下来花了大量的篇幅讲述了诗里的错误，最后一段更是提到怀疑这首诗所依据的历史事件的真实性。文中没有讽刺的意味，而是部分批判，所以选项B正确。

5.单选题

Afterhermarriage,thehappylife（

）herappearance,makingherlookmorebeautifulthanever.

问题1选项

A.transfigured

B.disfigured

C.disheveled

D.transformed

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。transfigure“使改观；美化”；disfigure“使变丑；使大为减色”；dishevel“使蓬乱；弄乱"；transform“改变，使……变形；转换”。句意：婚后，幸福的生活使她的样貌改变，她变得比以前更漂亮了。选项A符合题意。

6.单选题

Artificialdiamondisindistinguishablefromgenuineone,butmuchcheaper.

问题1选项

A.differentialin

B.indifferentto

C.differentiablefrom

D.identicalto

【答案】D

【解析】考查短语辨析。横线单词indistinguishablefrom意为“难以分辨，别无二致”；A选项“differentialin”意为“在……有差别的”；B选项“indifferentto”意为“不在乎……；对……漠不关心”；C选项“differentiablefrom”意为“区别于”；D选项“identicalto”意为“同一的，同样的；和……相同”。句意：人造钻石与真钻石难以区别，但便宜得多。由题干可知，but是表转折的并列连词。but后是便宜得多，如果人造钻石和真钻石有区别的话，构不成转折的关系，所以此处表达的是人造钻石和真钻石难以区分，但是还便宜得多。由此可知，indistinguishablefrom在此处最可能是“难以分辨”的意思。因此D选项符合题意。

7.单选题

Hesaidthathe’dsoonerdiethan（

）.

问题1选项

A.betray

B.tobetray

C.betrayed

D.begraying

【答案】A

【解析】句意:他声称自己宁死也不会背叛自己的祖国。

固定搭配。hadsooner+动词原形+thandosth.宁可做某事而不做某事。

8.单选题

Duringtheoilcrisisofthe1970s,manystates（

）speedlimitstoreducegasolineuse.

问题1选项

A.implanted

B.imposed

C.impaired

D.impressed

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。implant“种植；灌输”；impose“强加，征税”；impair“损害；削弱”；impress“盖印；给人留下印象”。句意：在1970石油危机期间，很多州强制限速来减少对石油的消耗。选项B符合题意。

9.单选题

Intheprocessofdevelopmentweshould（）heartthatsociallifeisbasedonexchange.

问题1选项

A.takefrom

B.taketo

C.takefor

D.takein

【答案】D

【解析】动词词组辨析。takefrom“降低；减少”；taketo“喜欢；走向；开始从事”；takefor“认为；

以为”；takein“吸收；领会；理解”。句意：在发展过程中，我们应该领会到社会生活是以交流为基础的。选项D符合题意。

10.单选题

OurheritageandourculturehavecausedmostAmericanstoassumenotonlythatourlanguageisuniversalbutthatthegesturesweuseareunderstoodbyeveryone.WedonotrealizethatwavinggoodbyeisthewaytosummonaFilipinotoone’sside,orthatinItalycurlingthefingerinabeckoningmotionisagestureoffarewell.

ThosePrivatecitizenswhosentpackagestoourtroopsoccupyingGermanyafterW.W.IIandmarkedthemGIFTtoescapedutypaymentsdidnotbothertofindoutthatGIFTmeanspoisoninGerman.Moreover,weliketothinkourselvesasfriendly,yetweprefertobeatleast3feetoranarm’slengthawayfromothers.LatinsandMiddleEasternersliketocomecloserandtouch,whichmakesAmericansuncomfortable.

Ourlinguisticandculturalnearsightednessandthecasualnesswithwhichwetakenotice—whenwedoofthedevelopedtastes,mannerisms,customsandlanguagesofothercountries,arelosingusfriends,businessandrespectintheworld.

EvenhereintheU.S,wemakefewconcessionstotheneedsofforeignvisitors.Therearenoinformationsignsinfourlanguagesonourpublicbuildingsormonuments;wedonothavemultilingualguidetours.Veryfewrestaurantmenushavetranslationsandmultilingualbankclerksandpolicemenarerare.

Whenwegoabroad,wetendtoclusterinhotelswhereEnglishisspoken.Theattitudesandinformationwepickupareconditionedbythosenatives,usuallythemoreaffluent——whospeakEnglish.Ourbusiness,aswellasthenation'sdiplomacy,dealingsareconductedthroughinterpreters.

Formanyyears,AmericaandAmericanscouldgetbywithculturalblindnessandlinguisticignorance.Afterall,Americawasthemostpowerfulcountryoftheworld,thedispenseroftheneededfundsandcommodities,thepeacemaker,the“topbanana”intheglobalcast.Butallthatispast.Weareslowlybeginningtorealizethatourproperroleintheworldischanging.

1.Whentheauthoruses“nearsightedness”，heistalking（

）.

2.Thepassageinformsusthat?

3.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat

（

）.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtotheauthor?

5.Theauthorismostprobably（

）bynationality.

问题1选项

A.metaphorically

B.ironically

C.humorously

D.sarcastically

问题2选项

A.Americansdonotunderstandtheirownheritageandculturewell

B.theauthordoesnotmindAmericans,culturalblindness

C.Americanspaylittleattentiontoforeigncustomsandlanguages

D.Americahasnoproblemsintheworldbecauseit’sthemostpowerfulcountry

问题3选项

A.Americaisbecomingawarlikecountry

B.theAmericanroleintheworldisnolongerproper

C.Americawillbecomethemostpowerfulagainifitstartstolearnforeigncustoms

D.Americashouldn’tremainblindandignorantwithrespecttoothernations’cultures

问题4选项

A.SomeAmericancitizenssentpoisonsasgiftstoGermanyafterW.W.II.

B.AFilipinowillprobablyapproachanAmericanwhowavesbye-bye.

C.ItmaybeunfriendlytoLatinstokeepmorethan3feetawayfromthem.

D.Italiansusethefingermotionstoexpressbye-bye.

问题5选项

A.anItalian

B.anAmerican

C.aFilipino

D.aGerman

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.推理判断题。题目问的是“作者使用‘目光短浅’时，她正在说……”。文章第三段提到“我们在语言和文化上的近视眼以及不注意去留意他国的爱好，习惯，习俗和语言正让我们在世界上失去朋友，业务及尊重”（Ourlinguisticandculturalnearsightednessandthecasualnesswithwhichwetakenotice—whenwedoofthedevelopedtastes,mannerisms,customsandlanguagesofothercountries,arelosingusfriends,businessandrespectintheworld），选项A“比喻地”符合题意。

2.推理判断题。题目问的是“文章告诉我们……”。文章第三段提到“我们在语言和文化上的近视眼以及不注意去留意他国的爱好，习惯，习俗和语言正让我们在世界上失去朋友，业务及尊重”（Ourlinguisticandculturalnearsightednessandthecasualnesswithwhichwetakenotice—whenwedoofthedevelopedtastes,mannerisms,customsandlanguagesofothercountries,arelosingusfriends,businessandrespectintheworld），说明美国人不注重别国的习俗，选项C符合题意。

3.推理判断题。题目问的是“我们能从文章中得出……”文章最后一段提到过去美国人习惯忽视他国的语言和文化，因为那个时候美国很强大。但是已经是过去时了，我们应该意识到我们在世界上的独特作用正在改变（Butallthatispast.Weareslowlybeginningtorealizethatourproperroleintheworldischanging），说明现在美国不应该像以前那样忽视他国的语言和文化，选项D“美国人不应该忽视他国的文化”符合题意。

4.细节事实题。题目问的是“根据作者的描述，下列哪项陈述是不真实的”。文章第二段提到“给二战后占领德国的美国军队寄送包裹的美国人为了避税而在包裹上标示‘GIFT’”，而不愿麻烦去发现‘GIFT’在德语中是“毒药”的意思（ThosePrivatecitizenswhosentpackagestoourtroopsoccupyingGermanyafterW.W.IIandmarkedthemGIFTtoescapedutypaymentsdidnotbothertofindoutthatGIFTmeanspoisoninGerman），由此可知选项A的描述是不真实的，是美国人为了避税错把GIFT（毒药）当GIFT（礼物），符合题意。

5.推理判断题。题目问的是“作者可能是哪个国家的人”。文章使用的是第一人称，文章多次用“ourheritageandourculture”或者“weareslowlybeginningtorealize…”可以推测作者最有可能是美国人。选项B符合题意。

11.单选题

______theuseofnickelin1835,spoonsandforksweremademainlyofsilver.

问题1选项

A.Atthetimeof

B.After

C.Priorto

D.Superiorto

【答案】C

【解析】【试题解析】考查词义辨析。A选项Atthetimeof“在……时候”；B选项After“在……之后”；C选项Priorto“在……之前”；D选项Superiorto“优于”。句意：在1835年使用镍______，勺子和叉子主要是用银制作的。根据语境，横线处需要表示时间关系，这里指的是在没有用镍制作勺子和叉子之前，主要是用银来制作，C选项Priorto“在……之前”符合题意。因此C选项正确。

12.单选题

Menoccasionallystumbleoverthetruth,butmostofthempickthemselvesupandhurryoffasifnothingeverhappened.

问题1选项

A.stopover

B.takeover

C.tripover

D.slideover

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项stopover“中途停留；暂留”；B选项takeover“接管；接收”；C选项tripover“被……绊倒”；D选项slideover“略过；回避”。句意：人们偶尔会在真理面前……，但大多数人会爬起来就匆匆离去，好像什么事也没有发生过。根据后面的关键信息pickthemselvesup“自己爬起来”，一般人们会在摔倒后自己爬起来。因此C选项符合题意。

13.单选题

Ourbossistakingeveryonetotheballettonight,andIneedtomakesuremynewdress（）fortheoccasion.

问题1选项

A.hasbeencleaned

B.shouldhavebeencleaned

C.isbeingcleaned

D.hasbeencleaning

【答案】A

【解析】句意：老板今晚要带大家去看芭蕾舞剧，我得确保我的新衣服洗干净了。根据句意可知这里应用现在完成时，首先排除选项C；选项B表示本应该洗却没有洗，不符合语境；衣服是被洗，用被动语态，所以选项A正确。

14.单选题

Thereisnotverymuchexperimentaldata

adecisionbetweenthetwopossibilities.

问题1选项

A.whichtobebasedon

B.whichbebaseupon

C.uponwhichtobase

D.towhichtobebased

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句。baseon/upon表示基于，介词应改放在which的前面，所以只有选项C正确。

15.单选题

Somelinguistsbelievethatthe（）ageforchildrenlearningaforeignlanguageis5to8.

问题1选项

A.optimistic

B.optional

C.optimal

D.oppressed

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项optimistic“乐观的，乐观主义的”；B选项optional“可选择的，随意的”；C选项optimal“最佳的，最理想的”；D选项oppressed“受压制的，受压迫的”。句意：一些语言学家认为儿童学习外语的（）年龄是5到8岁。本句表示“儿童学习外语的最佳年龄”，因此C选项符合题意。

16.问答题

(A)Whatlifedoeswithourdreamsandexpectationscannot,ofcourse,bepredicted.Somedreams,(B)beguninselflessness,endinrancor;otherdreams,beguninselfishness,(C)endinlarge-heartedness.Theunpredictabilityoftheoutcomeofdreamsis(D)noreasontoceasetodream.

【答案】

D；改成ceasedreaming.Ceasedoingsth放弃做某事

17.不定项选择题

Therelationshipbetweenformaleducationandeconomicgrowthinpoorcountriesiswidelymisunderstoodbyeconomistsandpoliticiansalike.Progressinbothareasisundoubtedlynecessaryforthesocial,politicalandintellectualdevelopmentoftheseandallothersocieties;however,theconventionalviewthateducationshouldbeoneoftheveryhighestprioritiesforpromotingrapideconomicdevelopmentinpoorcountriesiswrong.Wearefortunatethatitis,becausebuildingneweducationalsystemsthereandputtingenoughpeoplethroughthemtoimproveeconomicperformancewouldrequiretwoorthreegenerations.Thefindingsofaresearchinstitutionhaveconsistentlyshownthatworkersinallcountriescanbetrainedonthejobtoachieveradicalhigherproductivityand,asaresult,radicallyhigherstandardsofliving.

Ironically,thefirstevidenceforthisideaappearedintheUnitedStates.Notlongago,withthecountryenteringarecessionandJapanatitspre-bubblepeak,theU.S.workforcewasderidedaspoorlyeducatedandoneofprimarycauseofthepoorU.S.economicperformance.Japanwas,andremains,thegloballeaderinautomotive-assemblyproductivity.YettheresearchrevealedthattheU.S.factoriesofHonda,Nissan,andToyotaachievedabout95percentoftheproductivityoftheirJapanesecounterparts—aresultofthetrainingthatU.S.workersreceivedonthejob.

Morerecently,whileexamininghousingconstruction,theresearchersdiscoveredthatilliterate,non-English-speakingMexicanworkersinHouston,Texas,consistentlymetbest-practicelaborproductivitystandardsdespitethecomplexityofthebuildingindustry’swork.

Whatistherealrelationshipbetweeneducationandeconomicdevelopment?Wehavetosuspectthatcontinuingeconomicgrowthpromotesthedevelopmentofeducationevenwhengovernmentsdon’tforceit.Afterall,that’showeducationgotstarted.Whenourancestorswerehuntersandgatherers10,000yearsago,theydidn’thavetimetowondermuchaboutanythingbesidesfindingfood.Onlywhenhumanitybegantogetitsfoodinamoreproductivewaywastheretimeforotherthings.

Aseducationimproved,humanity’sproductivitypotentialincreasedaswell.Whenthecompetitiveenvironmentpushedourancestorstoachievethatpotential,theycouldinturnaffordmoreeducation.Thisincreasinglyhighlevelofeducationisprobablyanecessary,butnotasufficientconditionforthecomplexpoliticalsystemsrequiredbyadvancedeconomicperformance.Thuspoorcountriesmightnotbeabletoescapetheirpovertytrapswithoutpoliticalchangesth