定语从句专题总结

定语从专题一、定从句、先行、引导（关系代/词）引导词跟先行词，并在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系代：who,whom,which,that和whose,另外as也可充当关系代词。关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语表语和语。关系副：when,where和。在定语从句中充当状语。Eg:

Maryisastudentwhois21yearsold()()TheschoolwherehestudiedisinShenzhen.()()（一）系代词的基用法who（主语、宾语（宾语／作（主语、宾语主语、宾语（---的例如注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分）①Doyouknowthewillspeechweek?（作主语）②Ireadreporthisnewnovelthat/willsoon

（作主语）③Theplan(that/which)theywassettledatlast.

（作宾语）④Thisisthenewsecretary(who/whom/that)Iwouldlike.⑤Thesoldierwoundedwasoperatedonwithoutdelay.

（作宾语）（--的）⑥Heissuchapersonasisrespectedbyallofus.ThisisthesamepenIlostyesterday.注意：系代词在定从句中当宾语时可省略，当主语时则能（见例④，是as做宾语一不省略（见例⑥）（二）系副词基本法关系副词在从句中作状语，when,where和why别表示时间，地点和原因。1.when

在从句中作时间状语。常用onwhich,inwhich,atwhich,duringwhich等代替。e.g.Aprilthefirstisthedaywhenpeoplefunofothers.=Aprilthefirstisthedayonwhichmakeofothers.2.where

在从句中作地点状语。常可由inwhich,onwhich,atwhich,which等取代。e.g.Thisisthewherehelivedtwoyearsago.=Thisisthehouseinwhichhelivedtwoyearsago.第1页共1页

3.whywhy在定语从句中作原因状语。可用which代替。why不可引导非限定性定语从句，此时可用forwhich代替。e.g.Thisisthewhyhewent=Thisisthereasonforwhichwent注：①这里的关系代词只限于which和whom二、关代词or关系副

②介词后面的关系词不能省略这本质上取决于关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中充当的成（前者充当语宾语表语或定后者充当状进而取决于从句中的谓动词。试比较下面两组句子：①Thisisthefactorythat/whichproducesradios.Thisisthefactoryradiosare第一句中划线部分在从句中作主语，故而应选用关系代词：Thefactoryproduces而第二句中划线部分在从句中作地点状语故而应选用关系副词：Radiosareproducedinfactory.②DoyourememberthedayswetogetherDoyourememberthedayswhentogether?第一句中关系代词在从句中作宾语：Wespentthedaystogether.而第二句中关系副词作时间状语：Weworkedtogetherduringthedays.注意：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分主、谓、宾、定、状)，也就能正确选出关系代词/系副词。例Isthismuseum___youvisitedfewdaysago?A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theoneE.例Isthisthe____theexhibitionwasheld.A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone解析：例1变为肯定句：Thismuseumis___youvisitedafewdays例2变为肯定句：Thisisthemuseum___theexhibitionwasheld.在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where,onwhich都不能起到宾语的作用；that，one第2页共2页

既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选BDE。而句2中,主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副where，因inthemuseum词组，可用介词in+which引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on用的不对，所以选A总之，关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose)；先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词(where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因状语)。选择适当的关系代词或关系副词把下列句子补充完整。1.Hisfatherdiedtheyear_________hewasborn.2.Heisunlikelytofindtheplacehelivedfortyyears3.Doyourememberday_________youjoinedclub?4.RecentlyIboughtabeautifulvase_______pricewasquitereasonable.5.Thereason_______Icameistogetyourhelp.6.Igotthebookinasmallbookstore,thenameof______Icannotremember.7.Iwillneverforgetthedaywefirst8.Isthisthefactory_______youonceworkedfor?9.Isthatthereason_______hegavehisterriblebehavior?10.Thekind_______sharedumbrellawithmethismorningturnedouttobemyboss.1.when2.where3.when4.whose5.why6.which7.(when)8.(that/which)9.(that)10.who/that①Thisisthefactoryhevisitedlastyear.②Thisisthefactory_____________heworkedyear.③Thisisth