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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-南通科技职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Shemadetwocopiesofthispoemandpostedthem()todifferentpublishers.

问题1选项

A.sensationally

B.simultaneously

C.strenuously

D.simply

【答案】B

【解析】考查副词辨析。sensational轰动的、耸人听闻的;simultaneously同时地;strenuous紧张的,费力的;simply简单地。由前半句“她将这首诗复印了两份”以及后半句的“不同的出版商”可推知她同时将两份复印件寄给了不同的出版商。故B项正确。

2.单选题

Apoormanhasto()manythingswhicharichmanregardsasalmostnecessariesinlife.

问题1选项

A.gothrough

B.gowithout

C.goover

D.goabout

【答案】B

【解析】动词词组辨析。gothrough通过,仔细检查;gowithout没有……也行,常指被迫如此;goover复习;goabout着手做。句意:穷人没有那些富人认为是生活中必不可少的东西也能活。选项B符合句意。

3.单选题

Youmustletmehavetheannualreportwithout()byteno’clocktomorrowmorning.

问题1选项

A.failure

B.hesitation

C.trouble

D.fail

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。withoutfail为固定搭配,表示“必定,务必”。句意为:你必须在明天早上十点之前把年度报告交给我。所以选项D正确。

4.单选题

Tobefrank,I’dsooneryou()agoodreviewyesterdayforthecomingtest.

问题1选项

A.hadn'tdone

B.didn'tdo

C.couldn'thavedone

D.wouldn'tdo

【答案】A

【解析】考查虚拟语气。wouldsooner表示宁愿,句子应用虚拟语气。从句是对过去事实的虚拟,所以应该用过去完成时。选项A正确。

5.单选题

Noonecanbeagreatthinkerwhodoesnotrealizethatasathinkeritisherfirstdutytofollowherintellecttowhateverconclusionsitmaylead.Truthgainsmoreevenbytheerrorsofonewhowithduestudyandpreparation,thinksforhimself,thanbythetrueopinionsofthosewhoonlyholdthembecausetheydonotsufferthemselvestothink.Nothatitissolely,ofchiefly,toformgreatthinkersthatfreedomofthinkingisrequired.Onthecontrary,itisasmuchorevenmoreindispensabletoenableaveragehumanbeingstoattainthementalstaturewhichtheyarecapableof.Therehavebeenandmanyagainbegreatindividualthinkersinageneralatmosphereofmentalslavery.Butthereneverhasbeen,noreverwillbe,inthatatmosphereanintellectuallyactivepeople.Whereanyofheterodoxspeculationwasforatimesuspended;wherethereisatacitconventionthatprinciplesarenottobedisputed;wherethediscussionofthegreatestquestionswhichcanoccupyhumanityisconsideredtobeclosed,wecannothopetofindthatgenerallyhighscaleofmentalactivitywhichhasmadesomeperiodsofhistorysoremarkable.Neverwhencontroversyavoidedthesubjectswhicharelargeandimportantenoughtokindleenthusiasmwasthemindofapeoplestirredupfromitsfoundationandtheimpulsegivenwhichraisedevenpersonsofthemostordinaryintellecttosomethingofthedignityofthinkingbeings.

Shewhoknowsonlyherownsickofthecaseknowslittleofthat.Herreasonsmaybegood,andnoonemayhavebeenabletorefutethem.Butifsheisequallyunabletorefutethereasonsoftheoppositeside;ifshedoesnotsomuchasknowwhattheyare,shehasnogroundforpreferringeitheropinion.Therationalpositionforherwouldbesuspensionofjudgment,andunlessshecontentsherselfwiththat,sheiseitherledbyauthority,oradopts,likethegeneralityoftheworldthesidetowhichshefeelsthemostinclination.Norisitenoughthatsheshouldheattheargumentsofadversariesfromherownteachers,presentedastheystatethem,andaccompaniedbywhattheyofferasrefutations.Thatisnotthewaytodojusticetothearguments,orbringthemintorealcontactwithherownmind.Shemustbeabletohearthemfrompersonswhoactuallybelievethem;whodefendtheminearnest,anddotheirveryutmostforthem.Shemustknowthemintheirmostplausibleandpersuasiveform;shemustfeelthewholeforceofthedifficultywhichthetrueviewofthesubjecthastoencounteranddisposeof;elseshewillneverreallypossessherselfoftheportionoftruthwhichmeetsandremovesthatdifficulty.Ninety-nineinahundredofwhatarecallededucatedpersonsareinthiscondition;evenofthosewhocanarguefluentlyfortheiropinions.Theirconclusionmaybetrue,butitmightbefalseforanythingtheyknow;theyhaveneverthrownthemselvesintothementalpositionofthosewhothinkdifferentlyformandconsideredwhatsuchpersonsmayhavetosay;andconsequentlytheydonot,inanypropersenseoftheword,knowthedoctrineswhichtheythemselvesprofess.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,itisalwaysadvisableto(

).

2.Accordingtotheauthor,inagreatperiodsuchastheRenaissancewemayexpecttofind

).

3.Accordingtotheauthor,thepersonwhoholdsorthodoxbeliefswithoutexaminationmaybedescribedinallofthefollowingwaysEXCEPTas

).

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorwouldbemostlikelytoagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatements(

).

问题1选项

A.haveopinionswhichcannotberefuted

B.adoptthepointofviewtowhichonefeelsthemostinclination

C.beacquaintedwiththeargumentsfavoringthepointofviewwithwhichonedisagrees

D.suspendheterodoxspeculationinfavorofdoctrinaireapproaches

问题2选项

A.acceptanceoftruth

B.controversyoverprinciples

C.inordinateenthusiasm

D.adreadofheterodoxspeculation

问题3选项

A.enslavedbytradition

B.lessthanfullyrational

C.determindedoncontroversy

D.havingaclosedmind

问题4选项

A.Atrulygreatthinkermakesnomistakes

B.Periodsofintellectualachievementareperiodsofunorthodoxreflection

C.Therefutationofacceptedideascanbestbeprovidedbyone’sownteachers

D.excessivecontroversypreventsclearthinking

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。文章在第二段指出,一个人只知自己一方,推理极好,无人能反驳,却不知对方的推理,也不能够予以反驳的话,他就无权选择两方的任一论点。并且,光听自己的老师讲述对立面的论点,以及他们所提出的反驳论点是不够的,必须倾听那些人(他们真正相信对立的观点)的论点,并为此积极热情,竭尽全力辩护,才能使自己的思想和独立论点接触,公正地做出公正的判断。所以C选项“熟悉有利于自己反对观点的论点”符合题意。

2.推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Therehavebeenandmanyagainbegreatindividualthinkersinageneralatmosphereofmentalslavery.Butthereneverhasbeen,noreverwillbe,inthatatmosphereanintellectuallyactivepeoplewherethereisatacitconventionthatprinciplesarenottobedisputed”“在思想禁锢的气氛中可能会产生个别的思想家,但绝不会有思想活跃的人民……在那里有一种心照不宣的惯律即原则绝不能讨论”可知在思想禁锢期原则问题是不能讨论的,而文艺复兴就是思想活动的顶峰时期,故可以推断出在这个时候原则问题将必然会被讨论,所以B选项正确。

3.推理判断题。根据文章第二段的最后一部分“Theirconclusionmaybetrue,butitmightbefalseforanythingtheyknow;theyhaveneverthrownthemselvesintothementalpositionofthosewhothinkdifferentlyformandconsideredwhatsuchpersonsmayhavetosay;andconsequentlytheydonot,inanypropersenseoftheword,knowthedoctrineswhichtheythemselvesprofess.他们的结论可能是正确的,但也可能是错误的;他们从来没有把自己置于那些以不同的形式思考和考虑这些人可能要说什么的人的心理地位;所以他们不晓得自己所传的道,按世上的常话来说。”可以推断出没有未经检验的正统信仰的人不会独立思考,更不会怀疑他所信仰的东西,C选项符合题意。

4.推理判断题。A选项“一个真正的思想家不犯错误”太绝对,排除;C选项“一个人的老师最能提供所接受思想观点的反驳”与第二段的‘Norisitenoughthatsheshouldheattheargumentsofadversariesfromherownteachers,presentedastheystatethem,andaccompaniedbywhattheyofferasrefutations.’矛盾排除;D选项“过度的辩论会制止清晰的思考”,文章没有提及,排除,,根据论可以推断出答案选项为B。B“选项在思想方面取得成就的时期就是进行非正统反思的时期在文章第一段的有讨论,符合题意。

6.单选题

)muchhasbeenknownaboutmammarycancer,theprecisewaytocureofitstillremainslargelyintherealmoftesting.

问题1选项

A.While

B.Since

C.Because

D.When

【答案】A

【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。while在这里的意思为“尽管”;since“因为;由于,既然”,because“因为”;when“当……”。根据句子意思推断选项A最符合题意。句意为:尽管我们对于乳腺癌了解很多,但是关于治疗的最精准的方法仍处于测试阶段。

7.单选题

Ifadecisionistakenwithmajorityvoting,eachmemberstatecan,inspecialcases,()itsparticularnationalinterests.

问题1选项

A.trigger

B.assert

C.foster

D.salute

【答案】B

【解析】trigger触发,引起;assert维护,主张;foster培养;salute致敬,行礼。句意:如果一个决策以多数票通过,那么在特殊情况下,每一个成员国都可以维护其各自的国家利益。选项B符合句意。

8.单选题

Jackneedsstraighteningout;hehasbeen_____thewholefemalepopulationofhisclass.

问题1选项

A.standingupto

B.owningupto

C.messingaroundwith

D.makingupfor

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。standupto“经得起,抵抗”;ownupto“承认错误”;messaroundwith“胡闹,玩弄”;makeupfor“补偿,弥补”。句意:杰克需要改正错误,因为他一直和班上女生打闹。选项C符合题意。

9.单选题

Mariowasawardedthemedalfordisplayingprofessional()ofthehighestorderintherescueattemptstwoweeksago.

问题1选项

A.supervision

B.intelligence

C.solution

D.competence

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。supervision“监督”;intelligence“智力;才智”solution“解决办法”;competence“能力,胜任”。根据关键词professional“专业的”及rescueattempts“救援努力”可推断此处讲的是“专业能力”,因此选项D符合题意。

10.单选题

IfMr.Bassettfailsagain,theopponentswilldriveahardbargainforcooperationwiththeUnion.

问题1选项

A.discount

B.plunge

C.negotiation

D.registration

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。bargain表示“交易,便宜货”;A项discount“折扣”,B项plunge“突然跌落,骤降”,C项negotiation“谈判”,D项registration“登记,注册”。句意:如果巴西特再次失败,反对派将为与工会合作而讨价还价。根据句意可知,只有C项意思与之相近,故该题选择C项正确。

11.单选题

Youdon’thavetoinstallthisradioinyournewcar,it’san(

)extra.

问题1选项

A.excessive

B.optional

C.additional

D.arbitrary

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析题。A选项excessive“过多的,过分的,额外的”;B选项optional“可选择的,随意的”;C选项additional“另外的,附加的,额外的”;D选项arbitrary“任意的,武断的,独裁的”。句意:你不一定非得在新车上安装收音机,它是可选的配件。结合此处语义,B选项正确。

12.单选题

ScarJoisnotthefirstAmericantoconveytheimpressionthatyoucangetbyinPariswithoutspeakingFrench;DavidSedarisfoundplentyofmaterialwritingabouthisdreadoflearningFrenchwhenhelivedinParis.Heavoidedthechallengelargelybyhidingawayalldayintheaters,watchingEnglish-languagefilms.DirectorWesAndersonloveshisplaceinParis,butfreelyadmitshedoesn’tspeakthelanguageatleastnotwellenoughtounderstandqueriesatpressconferences.Hence,thequestion:CanyouactuallyliveinPariswithoutspeakingFrench?

AssomeonemarriedtoaFrenchman,withwhomIliveinParisafewmonthsofeveryyear,I’lloffermyquickanswer:Yes.Butifyoucan’treallytalktoParisians,youwillneverhitthebeautiful,thoughtful,gentlesweetsoftspotthatliesbehindtheirFrenchshynessandlackofconfidence—whichpresentsitselfascoldnessorcrankiness.Findingthatsweetspot,viahourschattingwiththemincafesandbars,allowedmetoloveParisiansafteralongperiodoffindingthemcompletelyimpossible.Ifyouaregoingtolearn,theonlywaytogoistotalimmersion.So:

1.TakelessonsorhireatutortositinacafeandspeakFrenchwithyouasoftenasyoucanafford.(Andgiventhenumberofwell-educated,unemployedParisyouthseekingwork,it’snotthatexpensive.)

2.InsistthatyourFrenchfriendsspeakonlyFrenchwithyou.Thisispainfulandwillsendyouhomeattheendofthedaywithanachinghead.Butyou’llalsosoonrealizejusthowdifferenteverydayFrenchisfromthestilted,outdatedFrenchyoulearnedinschool.Onlyveryformalorwrittencasescallforbeginningquestionswith“Est-ceque...”orforusingthenousformforusanymore.AndlestyoutakeoffensewhenaParisianrepliestoyourFrenchwithherEnglish,remember—it’sherchancetoshowoffandpracticeherESL.ParisianswantyoutoknowthattheyarefarmorelikelytospeakgoodEnglishthanFrenchpeopleoutsideofParis,whoseEnglishmasteryembarrassinglyfallsbehindnotjustNorthernEuropebutEasternEurope,andwhoseconfidencelevelsaboutspeakingEnglish,accordingly,arealsolow.

Also,don’ttakeoffenseifsomeoneseemstobealmostdaringyoutospeakFrench.SaysmyfriendCindraFeuer,whohasbeenlivingonandoffinParisfornearlytwoyearswithherFrenchgirlfriend:HerfatherspeaksgoodEnglish,buthealwaystalkstomeinFrench.IthoughtitwasachallengeuntilmygirlfriendtoldmethathewasjustinsecureaboutspeakinglessthanperfectEnglisharoundme.AndthereinliesabigdifferencebetweenParisiansandAmericans,andourschoolingsystems.Wewereschooledandweliveinaculturewhereit’sokaytostumble,totryandfail,tobelessthanperfect.Theold,rote,didactic,shame-basedFrenchschoolingsystemdieshard.FrenchpeopleareoftenafraidtospeakEnglishunlesstheycanfeelassuredit’simpeccable.You,however,shouldcastshameaside.Andifyoudon’thavetimeforatutor,here’saquickguideonhowtofakeit.

5.Accordingtotheauthor,ifonecan’treallytalktoParisians,hewill________.

6.Parisianslikereplyingtoothers’FrenchwiththeirEnglishbecause________.

7.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutParisianswhencomparedwithAmericans?

8.Whatistheauthorgoingtowriteaboutattheendofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.avoidmeetingwithFrenchshynessandlackofconfidence

B.failtogetbyorchatwithParisiansincafesandbars

C.missthechanceofenjoyingtherealcharmofParisians

D.finditanurgentcalltolearnFrenchwell

问题2选项

A.theyareafraidofmakingothersoffended

B.theyfeelinferiortoEuropeansintermsoflanguage

C.theyarehelpfultopeopleoutsideofParis

D.theyfeelproudoftheirabilitytospeakgoodEnglish

问题3选项

A.TheydonotallowthemselvestomakemistakesinspeakingEnglish.

B.TheyfeelassuredaboutstumblingwhenspeakingtoAmericans.

C.TheydonotliketheirschoolingsystemofteachingEnglish.

D.TheyenjoycompetingwithAmericansinspeakingEnglish.

问题4选项

A.SuggestionsonhowtospeakproperFrench.

B.Adviceonhowtocastshameaside.

C.Guidanceforlookingforaqualifiedtutor.

D.ArrangementsforpractisingFrench.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:A

【解析】5.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干:作者认为,如果一个人不能和巴黎人交流,他将……?根据题干定位到文章第二段第二句话Butifyoucan’treallytalktoParisians,youwillneverhitthebeautiful,thoughtful,gentlesweetsoftspotthatliesbehindtheirFrenchshynessandlackofconfidence—whichpresentsitselfascoldnessorcrankiness.(但是如果你真的不能和巴黎人交谈,你将永不能发现,藏在法国人害羞和缺乏自信——常表现为冷漠和偏执背后的是那些美丽的,体贴的,温和的,甜美的软肋。),可知巴黎人通常表现为冷漠和偏执,只有通过交流,才能发现他们的各种优点。因此,C选项“错失了欣赏巴黎人真正的魅力的机会”,符合题意;A项“不会看到法国人的害羞以及缺乏自信”,与原文相悖,故排除;文章第二段第三句话Findingthatsweetspot,viahourschattingwiththemincafesandbars(最有效的方式就是和他们在咖啡馆或者酒吧聊天),这句话说明了解巴黎人的魅力的方法是通过在咖啡馆和酒吧聊天,而B项“不能和巴黎人在咖啡馆和酒吧聊天”,不是不能和巴黎人交流的后果,而是和巴黎人交流最好的方式,因此B选项不符合题意;D项“发现学好法语是急迫要求”,在文中并没有提及。综上所述,本题正确答案为C选项。

6.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干:巴黎人喜欢用英语回应其他法国人是因为……?根据题干定位到文章第四段第五句话AndlestyoutakeoffensewhenaParisianrepliestoyourFrenchwithherEnglish,remember—it’sherchancetoshowoffandpracticeherESL.(当一个巴黎人用英语回答你的法语时,你要记住,这是她炫耀和练习英语的机会),可知D选项“他们对于自己说好英语的能力感到骄傲”,符合题意;根据文章第四段第六句话ParisianswantyoutoknowthattheyarefarmorelikelytospeakgoodEnglishthanFrenchpeopleoutsideofParis...,arealsolow.(巴黎人想让你知道,他们比巴黎以外的法国人更有可能讲一口流利的英语……,他们对说英语也没有什么自信。),可知除巴黎之外其他城市的法国人说英语不如欧洲人而且他们不自信,而B选项“在语言方面,他们觉得自己不如欧洲人”,主语是巴黎人,不符合题意,排除;A选项“他们害怕让其他人感到不舒服”和C选项“他们有助于巴黎之外的人”,在文中均未提及。综上所述,本题正确答案为D选项。

7.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干:和美国人相比,作者怎么认为巴黎人?根据题干定位到文章最后一段第五句话Wewereschooledandweliveinaculturewhereit’sokaytostumble,totryandfail,tobelessthanperfect.Theold,rote,didactic,shame-basedFrenchschoolingsystemdieshard.FrenchpeopleareoftenafraidtospeakEnglishunlesstheycanfeelassuredit’simpeccable.(我们受过教育,且我们的文化教会我们摔倒,尝试后失败,不完美都是没关系的。然而老式,生硬,说教,以羞耻为基础的法国学校教育体制很难改变。法国人常害怕说英语,除非他们确认自己不会犯错),可知法国人只有在确定没有错误的前提下,才会说英语,因此A选项“在说英语的时候,他们不允许自己犯错”,符合题意;B选项“当和美国人说英语的时候,对于障碍,他们感到自信”,本句提到美国人说第二母语是不会害怕犯错的,但是法国人相反,因此B选项的描述错误,排除;C项“他们不喜欢学校的英语教学体制”,在文中没有提及,故排除;D项“在说英语方面,他们享受和美国竞争”,文章只提及了美国人和法国人在说非母语时的不同,并没有提到竞争,故D选项排除。综上所述,本题正确答案为A选项。

8.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干:在文章末尾,作者打算写……?最后一段作者提到相比于美国人,法国人说英语时害怕犯错。紧接着最后一句话提到You,however,shouldcastshameaside.Andifyoudon’thavetimeforatutor,here’saquickguideonhowtofakeit.(然而,你应该抛开羞耻。如果你没有时间请家教,这里有一个快速指南教你如何伪装。),可知作者建议我们学习法语时,不应该害羞,害怕犯错,如果没时间上课学习法语,这里有一些建议,因此作者接下来很可能会教授如何说好法语的建议,因此A选项“说好法语的建议”,符合题意;B选项“抛开耻辱的建议”和C选项“寻找合格导师的指导”都是属于文章的过度推断,排除;D选项“练习法语的安排”,作者只会给读者一些建议,而不是安排,故排除。综上所述,本题正确答案为A选项。

13.单选题

Backintheearly1990s,Iknewlittleaboutcomputersbeyondwhatittooktogetthroughaworkingday.Buthere’swhatIdidknow:somethinghugewashappening.ItwasstirringeconomiesandimaginationsandpossibilitieslikenothingIhadeverknown.IknewtheworldwaschanginginwaysthatmeantIshouldn’tcountonoldassumptions.AndIknewIhaddreamsIstillhadn’tfulfilled.ButIdidn’tknowhowtorealizethemuntilImetwithmyoldfriend,RollyRouse,whenwehappenedtomoveintothesameneighborhood.

Rollyoftencalledmewithastreamofideas.Hisrateofideaproductionpersecondseemedalmostincredible.Soonwewereonthephonewitheachothereveryday.TalkingabouttheInternet.Talkingaboutstartinganewonlinecompany—maybetogether.

Hewasthendevelopingaplanandhewantedmetobeapartofit:wewouldgivepeoplewonderful,wholeelectronichousesonaCD-ROMandletthemmodifythosehomestotheirownneeds.Tryoutdifferentwindowsanddoors,differentpaintcolorsandfurnishings.Whentheyweresatisfied,wewouldenablethemtogoonlinetomaketheprojecthappen,togettheproductsandthefinancingandtheprofessionaldesignandconstructiontohelptodoitoutright.

BuildingBlockswasthenameRollycameupwithforhisnewenterprise.Rollytooktheplungefirst.Hesimplydroppedhisprofitableenergy-consultingbusinesstocommithimselffulltimetoBuildingBlocks.IsoonjoinedhimafterIquitmywell-paidjobatanewspaper.

TogetherwedevelopedademotoshowthefeaturesofourCD-ROM,“TheNewAmericanDreamHome”.ThenwetookittotheannualconventionoftheNationalAssociationofHomeBuildersinBoston.Allthebigcompanieswerethereshowingofftheirlatestproducts.

Toourdelight,nearlyeveryonewaseagertoseewhatwewereshowing,includingthetopexecutivesofsomeenormouscompanies.Whenweleft,wehadinvitationsfromthemtocometotheirofficestotellthemmoreaboutBuildingBlocks.

ThatwasthestartofmyreallifetimedreamandBuildBlocks,ourcompany,hasbeenprosperingeversince.

1.By“somethinghugewashappening”,thewriterrefersto______.

2.ThetextshowsthatRollyRouseis______.

3.BuildingBlocksisacompanythathelpspeopleto______.

4.Rollyandthewriterdecidedtostartacompanytogetherbecausetheywereboth______.

5.AttheBostonconvention,Rollyandthewriterwerehappybecause______.

问题1选项

A.housedesigning

B.homedecoration

C.furnitureproduction

D.high-techdevelopment

问题2选项

A.creative

B.cautious

C.considerate

D.conservative

问题3选项

A.rentidealhouses

B.buyidealhouses

C.findidealhouses

D.ownidealhouses

问题4选项

A.expertinarchitected

B.underpaidattheirjobs

C.outofworkatthetime

D.interestedine-business

问题5选项

A.theyarousedpeople’sinterestintheirproducts

B.theysoldsomeoftheirownproductsrightthere

C.theygottheirfirstordersfromsomefamousbuildingfirms

D.theyhadtheopportunitytovisitsomefamousbuildingfirms

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干关键词“somethinghugewashappening”可以定位到文章第一段,根据第一段第一句Backintheearly1990s,Iknewlittleaboutcomputersbeyondwhatittooktogetthroughaworkingday.(上世纪90年代初,我对电脑知之甚少,只知道工作一天的用电量。)和第三句ItwasstirringeconomiesandimaginationsandpossibilitieslikenothingIhadeverknown.(它对经济、想象力和可能性的刺激是我从未见过的。)可知,前后文讲的主要是技术带来的影响,由此可以推断巨大的变化指的是高科技的发展。因此D选项“高科技的发展”正确。A选项“房屋设计”,B选项“室内装修”,C选项“家具生产”均不符合题意,所以A,B,C错误。

2.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段第一、二句Rollyoftencalledmewithastreamofideas.Hisrateofideaproductionpersecondseemedalmostincredible.(罗利经常给我打电话,说出一连串的想法。他每秒钟产生创意的速度简直令人难以置信。),说明罗利是一个很有创意的人。因此A选项“创意”正确。B选项“谨慎”,C选项“体贴”,D选项“保守”在文中均没有提及,所以B,C,D错误。

3.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第第三段第二、三句Tryoutdifferentwindowsanddoors,differentpaintcolorsandfurnishings.Whentheyweresatisfied,wewouldenablethemtogoonlinetomaketheprojecthappen,togettheproductsandthefinancingandtheprofessionaldesignandconstructiontohelptodoitoutright.(尝试不同的门窗,不同的油漆颜色和家具。当他们满意的时候,我们就让他们去网上实现自己的规划,购买产品及专业的设计和建筑,我们将帮助他们实现规划。),说明这一系列动作的结果就是帮助人们拥有一个理想的房子。因此D选项“拥有理想的房子”正确。A选项“租用理想的房子”,B选项“购买理想的房子”,C选项“找到理想的房子”均不符合题意,所以A,B,C错误。

4.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第四段第二、三句Hesimplydroppedhisprofitableenergy-consultingbusinesstocommithimselffulltimetoBuildingBlocks.IsoonjoinedhimafterIquitmywell-paidjobatanewspaper.(他干脆放弃了利润丰厚的能源咨询业务,把全部时间都投入到BuildingBlocks上。我辞去了在一家报社的高薪工作,不久就加入了他的行列。),说明两个人都拥有一份收入较高的工作,为了共同的兴趣而辞职。因此D选项“对电子商务感兴趣”正确。A选项“建筑学专家”在文中没有提及,所以A错误。B选项“工作报酬低”,C选项“当时没有工作”,由原文可知,当时两人都有工作,且收入很高,所以B,C错误。

5.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章倒数第二段第一句Toourdelight,nearlyeveryonewaseagertoseewhatwewereshowing,includingthetopexecutivesofsomeenormouscompanies.(令我们高兴的是,几乎每个人都急于看我们展示的东西,包括一些大公司的高管。),说明他们很开心是因为大家对他们的产品很感兴趣。因此A选项“他们引起了人们对他们产品的兴趣”正确。B选项“他们卖出了一些自己的产品”,C选项“他们的第一笔订单来自一些著名的建筑公司”,D选项“他们有机会参观一些著名的建筑公司”均不符合题意,所以B,C,D错误。

14.问答题

Inthe1920sdemandforAmericanfarmproductsfell,asEuropeancountriesbegantorecoverfromWorldWarIandinstitutedausterity(紧缩)programstoreducetheirimports.Theresultwasasharpdropinfarmprices.Thisperiodwasmoredisastrousforfarmersthanearliertimeshadbeen,becausefarmerswerenolongerself-sufficient.Theywerepayingformachinery,seedandfertilizer,andtheywerealsobuyingconsumergoods.Thepricesoftheitemsfarmersboughtremainedconstant,whilepricestheyreceivedfortheirproductsfell.ThesedevelopmentsweremadeworsebytheGreatDepression,whichbeganin1929andextendedthroughoutthe1939s.

In1929,underPresidentHerbertHoover,theFederalFarmBoardwasorganized.Itestablishedtheprincipleofdirectinterferencewithsupplyanddemand,anditrepresentedthefirstnationalcommitmenttoprovidegreatereconomicstabilityforfarmers.

PresidentHoover’ssuccessorattachedevenmoreimportancetothisproblem.OneofthefirstmeasuresproposedbyPresidentFranklinD.Rooseveltwhenhetookofficein1933wastheAgriculturalAdjustmentAct,whichwassubsequentlypassedbyCongress.ThislawgavetheSecretaryofAgriculturethepowertoreduceproductionthroughvoluntaryagreementswithfarmerswhowerepaidtotaketheirlandoutofuse.Adeliberatescarcityoffarmproductswasplannedinanefforttoraiseprices.ThislawwasdeclaredunconstitutionalbytheSupremeCourtonthegroundsthatgeneraltaxeswerebeingcollectedtopayonespecialgroupofpeople.However,newlawswerepassedimmediatelythatachievedthesameresultofrestingsoilandproviding,flood-controlmeasures,butwhichwerebasedontheprincipleofsoilconservation.TheRooseveltAdministrationbelievedthatrebuildingthenation’ssoilwasthenationalinterestandwasnotsimplyaplantohelpfarmersattheexpenseofothercitizens.Laterthegovernmentguaranteedloanstofarmerssothattheycouldbuyfarmmachinery,hybrid(杂交)grain,andfertilizers.

1.WhatimpactdidthedecliningdemandforAmericanfarmproductshaveonAmericanfarmproducts?

2.Accordingtothepassage,whatworsenedAmericanfarmers’financialsituationin1930s?

3.WhywastheFederalFarmBoardestablishedin1929?

4.WhatwasplannedintheAgriculturalAdjustmentActtoraisefarmprices?

5.WhywastheAgriculturalAdjustmentActdeclaredunconstitutional?

【答案】答:

1.Theresultwasasharpdropinfarmprices.

2.GreatDepression.

3.Toprovidegreatereconomicstabilityforfarmers.

4.Encouragedfarmersreducethescaleoftheproduction.

5.Thelawbenefitedfarmersattheexpenseofothers.

【解析】1.细节事实题。题干意思是“对美国农产品需求的下降对美国农产品产生了什么影响?”。文章第一段提到Inthe1920sdemandforAmericanfarmproductsfell,asEuropeancountriesbegantorecoverfromWorldWarIandinstitutedausterity(紧缩)programstoreducetheirimports.Theresultwasasharpdropinfarmprices.(随着欧洲国家开始从第一次世界大战中恢复过来,并开始实施紧缩计划以减少进口,20世纪20年代对美国农产品的需求下降了;结果是农产品价格急剧下降),因此答案为Theresultwasasharpdropinfarmprices(结果是农产品价格急剧下降)。

2.细节事实题。题干意思是“根据文章,是什么恶化了20世纪30年代美国农民的财政状况?”。第一段最后一句提到ThesedevelopmentsweremadeworsebytheGreatDepression,whichbeganin1929andextendedthroughoutthe1939s.(从1929年开始并延续到1939年的大萧条使这些发展更加恶化),由此可知答案为GreatDepression(经济大萧条)。

3.细节事实题。题干意思是“为什么联邦农业委员会成立于1929年?”。第二段最后一句提到itrepresentedthefirstnationalcommitmenttoprovidegreatereconomicstabilityforfarmers.(代表了为农民提供更大经济稳定性的第一个国家性的承诺),由此可知答案为Toprovidegreatereconomicstabilityforfarmers(为农民提供更大的经济稳定性)。

4.推理判断题。题干意思是“农业调整法案中有什么提高农产品价格的计划?”。第三段第三句和第四句提到ThislawgavetheSecretaryofAgriculturethepowertoreduceproductionthroughvoluntaryagreementswithfarmerswhowerepaidtotaketheirlandoutofuse.Adeliberatescarcityoffarmproductswasplannedinanefforttoraiseprices.(这项法律赋予农业部长权力,通过与农民签订自愿协议减少产量,这些农民得到报酬,不再使用他们的土地;故意的农产品短缺是为了提高价格而计划的),由此可知,通过与农民签订自愿协议,给予农民补贴减少土地使用权,降低农产品产量可以提高农产品价格;即缩小生产规模。因此答案为Encouragedfarmersreducethescaleoftheproduction(鼓励农民缩小生产规模)。

5.细节推理题。题干意思是“为什么《农业调整法案》被宣布为违宪?”。第三段第五句提到ThislawwasdeclaredunconstitutionalbytheSupremeCourtonthegroundsthatgeneraltaxeswerebeingcollectedtopayonespecialgroupofpeople.(最高法院宣布这项法律是违反宪法的,因为全民的税收都被用来为一个特殊群体服务),由此可知,《农业调整法案》被宣布为违宪是因为它以损害别人的利益来使农民受益;故答案为Thelawbenefitedfarmersattheexpenseofothers(这项法律以损害他人利益为代价使农民受益)。

15.单选题

Theheatinsummerisnoless(

)hereinthismountainregion.

问题1选项

A.concentrated

B.extensive

C.intense

D.intensive

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。concentrated意为“集中的”;extensive意为“广泛的”;intense意为“激烈的,强烈的,非常的”;intensive意为“加强的,集中的”。

句意:这个山区夏天的酷热也同样强烈。

16.单选题

Afterleavingcollege,theyoungman____onanewbusinesscareer.

问题1选项

A.induced

B.facilitated

C.ignited

D.embarked

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.induced引诱B.facilitated促进

C.ignited点燃;激起D.embarked开始(新的或艰难的事情)

【答案】D

【考查点】介词搭配与语义衔接

【解题思路】空格处所填动词搭配介词on使用,空格处前后语义为“离开大学后,这个年轻人____了新的商业生涯”。D选项embarked“开始(新的或艰难的事情)”符合原句介词搭配与语义衔接,embarkon“开始(新的或艰难的事情)”。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项不与介词on搭配使用,且不符合原句语义衔接。

【句意】离开大学后,这个年轻人开始了新的商业生涯。

17.单选题

Pumas,whicharelarge,cat-likeanimals,willnotattackhumanbeingsifthey______undisturbed.

问题1选项

A.leave

B.left

C.areleft

D.haveleft

【答案】C

【解析】考查被动语态。句意:美洲狮是一种体形似猫的大动物,如果不受打扰,它是不会攻击人类的。不受打扰是被动语态,用be动词+过去分词。其它三项不能用于被动语态的形式。因此C选项正确。

18.翻译题

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.

42.我认为,人之首要任务便是设法自立,如此,就能免除他人负担其生活。另外,学会严谨、细心的态度从事有意义的工作,其本身就是非常重要的一课,在其他一切人生追求中能体现出它的作用。当你想做其他事情,却仍能投身于你不喜欢的工作,这种习惯是无价的。

假若年轻时,我能够培养自己有这个习惯,就能避免浪费许多时间了。

【答案】

Ibelievethatthefirstbusinessofamanistofindwaysofsupportinghimself,inwhichheshallrelieveothersoftheburdenofhisexistence.Inaddition,learningtodomeaningfulworkwithrigorandcareisaveryimportantlessoninitself,anditcanplayaroleinallotherpursuitsoflife.Itisainvaluablehabitthatwhenyouwanttodosomethingelse,youareabletodevoteyourselftoajobthatyoudon’tlike.

HadIcultivatedmyselftohavethehabitinmyyouth,Imighthaveavoidedwastingmuchtime.

19.单选题

Sometimesartistsfindithardfortheirworktowinpopular().

问题1选项

A.welcome

B.applause

C.appetite

D.appreciation

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项welcome“欢迎”;B选项applause“欢呼,喝彩”;C选项appetite“食欲,嗜好”;D选项a

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