考研考博-英语-安庆职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安庆职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Thepostofficeisnot（

）fordamagetoaparcelsentbymailunlessitisinsured.

问题1选项

A.qualified

B.liable

C.guilty

D.jealous

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。qualified“合格的，有资格的”；liable“有责任的，有义务的”；guilty“有罪的，内疚的”；jealous“妒忌的，猜疑的”。beliablefor“有……责任，有……义务”。由unless…可知邮局对没投保的包裹的损坏不承担责任。故B项正确。句意：邮局对邮局的包裹的损坏不承担责任，除非这些包裹投保了。

2.单选题

However,growthinthefabricatedmetalsindustrywasableto________someofthedeclineintheironandsteelindustry.

问题1选项

A.overturn

B.overtake

C.offset

D.oppress

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项“推翻”；B选项“超过”；C选项“抵消，弥补”；D选项“压迫”。句意：然而金属制品工业能够（）钢铁工业的衰退。由于金属制成品产业和钢铁工业不存在竞争关系，甚至会存在某种互补关系，所以A，B，D排除，答案选C。

3.单选题

IntheageoftheInternet,readersandlibrarianswantliberal（）toinformationon-line;authorsandpublisherswantcontroloverhowtheirintellectualpropertyisdistributed.

问题1选项

A.acquisition

B.access

C.entrance

D.absorption

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。acquisition获得物，获得；access进入，机会；entrance入口；absorption吸收，全神贯注。句意：在互联网时代，读者和图书管理员希望有机会在网上自由地获取信息;作者和出版商希望能够控制他们的知识产权分配问题。accessto有权使用…，有机会进入…。只有B项符合句意。

4.单选题

TheChinese,whobegansystematicastronomicalandweatherobservationshortlyaftertheancientEgyptians,wereassiduousrecord-keepersandbecauseofthiscanclaimhumanity'slongestcontinuous（

）ofnaturalevents.

问题1选项

A.defiance

B.documentation

C.maintenance

D.domination

【答案】B

【解析】名词词义辨析。A选项的defiance“挑战，挑衅，蔑视”；B选项的documentation“文件”；C选项的maintenance“维持，维修，保养”；D选项的domination“支配，统治”。根据句意‘中国人继古埃及人之后旋即展开了有系统的天文与气候观察，可谓是勤勉不辍的文献记录者，基于这一原因，中国人可声称拥有人类历史上对自然事件最漫长悠久、持之以恒的文献记载’确定B选项正确。

5.单选题

Thisyoungman,（）withacravingformaterialisticgratification,caresaboutnothingbutmoney.

问题1选项

A.obsessed

B.negotiated

C.compromised

D.provided

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析题。obsessedwith沉迷于；negotiatedwith与…协商；compromisedwith向（某人）妥协；providedwith给…提供。句意：这个年轻人贪图物质上的满足，只关心钱。选项A符合句意。

6.单选题

Tomajorinastrophysicsyouneedanextramathcourse.

问题1选项

A.Togethighergradesinastrophysics.

B.Tofinishyourastrophysicspaper.

C.Tospecializeinastrophysics.

D.Tobetterunderstandtheastrophysicscourse.

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。题目中majorin表示“主修；专攻”，A选项为“在天体物理学上取得更高的成就”；B选项为“完成你的天体物理学论文”；C选项为“以天体物理学为专业；专攻天体物理学”；D选项为“更好地了解天体物理学课程”。句意：要主修天体物理学，你就得再选择一个数学课。因此，正确答案是C项。

7.单选题

Itwouldbe（

）toarriveataconclusionnow.

问题1选项

A.premier

B.premature

C.preliminary

D.prior

【答案】B

【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项premier“首要的”；B选项premature“不成熟的，早产的”；C选项preliminary“初步的，开始的”；D选项prior“优先的”。句意：现在下结论还为时过早。选项B符合句意。

8.单选题

AlthoughAmericaninstitutionshaveanunquestionableprestigeinthe（

）academicmarketplace,theirhistorywasnotcomparablewiththatoftheBritishones.

问题1选项

A.curricular

B.contemporary

C.communicative

D.conceptual

【答案】B

【解析】句意:尽管美国的院校在当代学术论坛上有无可置疑的声望，但是它们的历史却比不上英国院校的历史。

考查形容词辨析。Curricular课程的;contemporary属同时期的,同一时代的,当代的;communicative乐意沟通的,语言交际能力的;conceptual概念(上)的,观念(上)的。因此B符合句意。

9.单选题

Itisalwaysmyheightthatgivesme（

）.

问题1选项

A.off

B.up

C.away

D.out

【答案】C

【解析】句意:一直以来都是我的身高把我暴露了。

考查短语辨析。giveoff发出(光)等,长出(枝)等;giveup放弃,交出;giveaway泄露,使露出真面目;giveout分发,公布。根据题干中的myheight可知C符合句意。

10.单选题

Thisnewroundoflayoffoccurringinmajorindustrialcitieswillonlyreduceprofitsand（

）aneconomiccrisis.

问题1选项

A.rectify

B.precipitate

C.offend

D.alternate

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项rectify“改正，校正”；B选项precipitate“使……突然降临；加速（坏事的发生），使突然陷入（某种状态）”；C选项offend“得罪，冒犯，犯罪”；D选项alternate“交替，轮流”。由reduceprofitsand_____aneconomiccrisis（减少利润和_____经济危机）可知B选项符合语境。句意：主要工业城市新一轮的停产只会降低利润并陷入经济危机。

11.单选题

（

）scientistshaveobservedincreasedpollutioninthewatersupply.

问题1选项

A.Late

B.Later

C.Latter

D.Lately

【答案】D

【解析】考查形近词辨析。A选项late“晚的”；B选项later“后来的，以后，其后”；C选项latter“（刚提及的两者中）后者的，（系列中）最后的”；D选项lately“最近，近来”。根据haveobserved可知句子为现在完成时，因此选D。句意：最近，科学家们观察到供水中的污染增加了。

12.单选题

Inrecentyears,wehaveallwatchedtheincreasingcommercializationofthecampus.Thenumerousadvertisingpostersandthegoldenarchesoffastfoodoutletsmaybeaninsulttoouraestheticsensibilities,buttheyare,arguably,noworsethanugly.Someoftheothernewfeaturesofcommercializedcampuslifedo,however:constituteaseriousthreattothingswerightlyrespect.“Privatization”andthe“businessmodel”arethepotentialmenace.

Whatdothesenotionsmean?Tome,theyinvolveanincreaseddependenceonindustryandcharitableactionsforoperatingtheuniversity;anincreasedamountofourresourcesbeingdirectedtoappliedorso-calledpracticalsubjects,bothinteachingandinresearch;aproprietary(所有权)treatmentofresearchresults,withthecommercialinterestinsecrecyoverridingthepublic’sinterestinfree,sharedknowledge,andanattempttoruntheuniversitymorelikeabusinessthattreatsindustryandstudentsasclientsandourselvesasserviceproviderswithsomethingtosell.Wepayincreasingattentiontotheimmediateneedsanddemandsofour“customers”and,astheoldsayinggoes,“thecustomerisalwaysright”.

Privatizationisparticularlyfrighteningfromthepointofviewofpublicwell-being.Aresearcheremployedbyauniversity-affiliatedhospitalinCanada,workingundercontractwithamedicine-makingcompany,madepublicherfindingsthataparticulardrugwasharmful.Thisviolatedthetermsofhercontract,andsoshewasfired.Herdismissalcausedascandal,andshewassubsequentlyrestoredtoherpreviousposition.Theuniversityandhospitalinquestionarenowworkingoutsomethingsimilartotenure(终身任职)forhospital-basedresearchersandguidelinesforcontracts,sothatmorepublicexposureofprivatelyfundedresearchwillbecomepossible.Thisisararevictoryandasmallstepin“therightdirection”,butthegeneraltrendistheotherway.Thankstoprofit-drivenprivatefundingresearchersarenotonlyforcedtokeepvaluableinformationsecret,theyareoftencontractuallyobligedtokeepdiscovereddangerstopublichealthunderwraps,too.Ofcourse,wemustnot,betoonaiveaboutthis.Governmentscanunwiselyinsistonsecrecy,too,asdidtheBritishMinistryofAgriculture,Fisheries,andFoodintheworktheyfundedinconnectionwiththebovinespongiformencephalopathy(牛海绵状脑病)epidemic.Thispreventedothersfromreviewingtherelevantdataandpointingoutthatproblemsweremoreseriousthangovernmentwaslettingon.

1.Fromthefirstparagraphwecanlearnthatthecampuslifehasbecome（）.

2.“Privatization”andthe“businessmodel”inthispassagemostprobablymean（）.

3.Theauthorbelievesthatweshouldpay（）.

4.Theresearchermentionedinthethirdparagraphwasfiredbecause（）.

5.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat（）.

问题1选项

A.moreconvenient

B.ratherugly

C.somewhatharmful

D.nomoreaestheticthanbefore

问题2选项

A.potentialmenacetolife

B.newfeaturesofcampuslife

C.newtrendoncampus

D.dependenceonindustryandcharities

问题3选项

A.littleattentiontoappliedsubjects

B.dueattentiontothepublicinterestinfree,sharedknowledge

C.moreattentiontotheimmediateneedsanddemandsofourcustomers

D.considerableattentiontothecommercialinterestinthesecrecyofresearchresults

问题4选项

A.sheworkedfortherivalofthecompany

B.shefailedtokeepherresearchresultssecret

C.shewasobligedtokeepherdiscoveriessecret

D.shewascommittedtoacontractwithacompany

问题5选项

A.thegeneralpublicistoonaivetoacceptthe“privatization”

B.thenotionthat“thecustomerisalwaysright”isoutofdate

C.itisageneraltrendthattherewillbemorepublicdisclosureofprivatelyfundedresearch

D.thebovinespongiformencephalopathyepidemicinBritainwasmoreseriousthanwhatwasdisclosed

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.判断推理题。根据文章第一段，“Someoftheothernewfeaturesofcommercializedcampuslifedo,however:constituteaseriousthreattothingswerightlyrespect.”，可知商业化校园生活的其他一些新特点确实对我们理应尊重的事物构成了严重威胁。可判断出校园生活已经变得具有危害性。选项C符合题意。

2.细节事实题。根据文章第二段第一句，“Whatdothesenotionsmean?”，可知文章接下来会解释Privatization和businessmodel的意义。又根据下文，“theyinvolveanincreaseddependenceonindustryandcharitableactionsforoperatingtheuniversity”，可知这些措施包括增加对工业和慈善事业的依赖，以经营大学。可判断出Privatization“私有化”和businessmodel“商业模式”在文章中是指对工业和慈善机构的依赖。选项D符合题意。

3.细节事实题。根据文章第二段，“theyinvolveanincreaseddependenceonindustryandcharitableactionswiththecommercialinterestinsecrecyoverridingthepublic’sinterestinfree,sharedknowledge...likeabusinessthattreatsindustryandstudentsasclientsandourselvesasserviceproviderswithsomethingtosell.”，可知作者对于校园生活的商业化持消极态度，批判了学校商业化的现象。可判断出作者认为我们应该关注公众的利益能够免费地共享知识和信息。选项B符合题意。

4.细节事实题。根据文章第三段，“Aresearcheremployedbyauniversity-affiliatedhospitalinCanada,workingundercontractwithamedicine-makingcompany,madepublicherfindingsthataparticulardrugwasharmful.Thisviolatedthetermsofhercontract,andsoshewasfired.”，可知加拿大一所大学附属医院的一名研究人员与一家制药公司签订了合同，她公开了自己的发现，即一种特定的药物是有害的。这违反了她的合同条款，所以她被解雇了。可判断出这位研究员被解雇的原因在于没有将她的研究结果进行保密而是公开。选项B符合题意。

5.判断推理题。根据文章最后一段，“Thispreventedothersfromreviewingtherelevantdataandpointingoutthatproblemsweremoreseriousthangovernmentwaslettingon.”，可知这使得其他人无法审查相关数据，并指出问题比政府所透露的更为严重。可判断出因为政府可以选择对一些有害信息保密，所以牛海绵状脑病在英国的实际情况比政府所透露的情况更为严重。选项D符合题意。

13.单选题

Withthehelpofthegovernment,alargenumberofpeople（

）afterthefloodin1991.

问题1选项

A.survived

B.suspended

C.suffered

D.subjected

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。survive“幸存，生还”；suspend“延缓”；suffer“遭受，允许，宽恕”；subject“使遭受”。句意：在政府的帮助下，很多人在1991年的洪水中幸存下来。选项A符合题意。

14.单选题

Extraordinarycreativeactivityhasbeencharacterizedasrevolutionary,flyinginthefaceofwhatisacceptableandproducingnotwhatisacceptablebutwhatwillbecomeaccepted.Accordingtothisformulation,highlycreativeactivitytranscendsthelimitsofanexistingformandestablishesanewprincipleoforganization.However,theideathatextraordinarycreativitytranscendsestablishedlimitsismisleadingwhenitisappliedtoarts,eventhoughitmaybevalidforthesciences.Differencesbetweenhighlycreativeartandhighlycreativescienceariseinpartfromadifferenceintheirgoals.Forthesciences,anewtheoryisthegoalandendresultofthecreativeact.Innovativescienceproducesnewpropositionsintermsofwhichdiversephenomenacanberelatedtooneanotherinmorecoherentways.Suchphenomenaasabrilliantdiamondoranestingbirdarerelegatedtotheroleofdata,servingasthemeansforformulatingortestinganewtheory.Thegoalofhighlycreativeartisverydifferent:thephenomenonitselfbecomesthedirectproductofthecreativeact.Shakespeare'sHamletisnotatractaboutthebehaviorofindecisiveprincesortheusesofpoliticalpower;norisPicasso'spaintingGuernicaprimarilyapropositionalstatementabouttheSpanishCivilWarortheevilsoffascismWhathighlycreativeartisticactivityproducesisnotanewgeneralizationthattranscendsestablishedlimits,butratheranaestheticparticular.Aestheticparticularsproducedbythehighlycreativeartistextendorexploit,inaninnovativeway,thelimitsofanexistingform,ratherthantranscendthatform.

Thisisnottodenythatahighlycreativeartistsometimesestablishesanewprincipleoforganizationinthehistoryofanartisticfield;thecomposerMonteverdi,whocreatedmusicofthehighestaestheticvalue,comestomind.Moregenerally,however,whetherornotacompositionestablishesanewprincipleinthehistoryofmusichaslittlebearingonitsaestheticworth.Becausetheyembodyanewprincipleoforganization,somemusicalworks,suchastheoperasoftheFlorentineCamerata,areofsignalhistoricalimportance,butfewlistenersormusicologistswouldincludetheseamongthegreatworksofmusic.Ontheotherband,Mozart'sTheMarriageofFigaroissurelyamongthemasterpiecesofmusiceventhoughitsmodestinnovationsareconfinedtoextendingexistingmeans.IthasbeensaidofBeethoventhathetoppledtherulesandfreedmusicfromthestiflingconfinesofconvention.

ButaclosestudyofhiscompositionsrevealsthatBeethovenoverturnednofundamentalrules.Rather,hewasanincomparablestrategistwhoexploitedlimits—therules,forms,andconventionsthatheinheritedfrompredecessorssuchasHaydnandMozart,HandelandBach—instrikinglyoriginalways.

1.TheauthorimpliesthatBeethoven'smusicwasstrikinglyoriginalbecauseBeethoven（）.

2.Theauthorconsidersanewtheorythatcoherentlyrelatesdiversephenomenatooneanothertobethe（）.

3.ThepassagestatesthattheoperasofFlorentineCamerataare（）.

4.Theauthorregardstheideathatallhighlycreativeartistictranscendslimitswith（）.

5.ThepassagesuppliesinformationforansweringallofthefollowingquestionsEXCEPT（）.

问题1选项

A.manipulatedtheestablishedconventionsofmusicalcompositioninahighlyinnovativefashion

B.fundamentallychangedthemusicalformsofhispredecessorsbyadoptingarichlyinventivestrategy

C.embellishedandInterwovethemelodiesofseveralofthegreatcomposerswhoprecededhim

D.strovetooutdohispredecessorsbybecomingthefirstcomposertoexploitlimits

问题2选项

A.basisforreaffirmingawell-establishedscientificformulation

B.byproductofanaestheticexperience

C.resultofhighlycreativescientificcreativity

D.toolusedbyascientisttodiscoveranewparticular.

问题3选项

A.unjustifiablyignoredbymusicologists

B.notgenerallyconsideredtobeofhighaestheticvalueeventhoughtheyareimportantinthehistoryofmusic

C.amongthoseworksinwhichpopularhistoricalthemeswereportrayedinamusicalproduction

D.ofteninappropriatelycitedasexamplesofmusicalworksinwhichanewprincipleoforganizationwasintroduced

问题4选项

A.moderateamusement

B.strongindignation

C.markedindifference

D.deepskepticism

问题5选项

A.Hasunusualcreativeactivitybeencharacterizedasrevolutionary?

B.WhobesidesMonteverdiwrotemusicthattheauthorwouldconsidertoembodynewprinciplesoforganizationandtobeofhighaestheticvalue?

C.IsMozart'sTheMarriageofFigaroanexampleofacreativeworkthattranscendedlimits?

D.DidBeethovenworkwithinamusicaltradition:thatalsoincludedHandelandBach?

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】1.推理判断题。题目问的是“作者认为贝多芬的音乐具有一种令人瞩目的独创性，因为贝多芬……”。文章最后一段提到贝多芬打破了常规，把音乐从令人窒息的陈规陋习中解放出来。但是仔细研究他的作品会发现，贝多芬并没有推翻认为原则。相反，他是一位无与伦比的战略家，他以惊人的独创方式利用各种从前辈那里继承下来的限制条件，比如规则、形式和惯例（IthasbeensaidofBeethoventhathetoppledtherulesandfreedmusicfromthestiflingconfinesofconvention.ButaclosestudyofhiscompositionsrevealsthatBeethovenoverturnednofundamentalrules.Rather,hewasanincomparablestrategistwhoexploitedlimits--therules,forms,andconventionsthatheinheritedfrompredecessorssuchasHaydnandMozart,HandelandBach--instrikinglyoriginalways），由此可知选项A“以一种高度创造性的方式利用已有的惯例”符合题意。

2.推理判断题。题目问的是“作者认为一种把各种现象连贯地联系起来的新理论是……”。文章第一段提到“对于科学来说，一个新的理论是创造行为的目标和最终结果。创新的科学产生新的命题，在这些命题中，不同的现象可以以更连贯的方式彼此关联”（Forthesciences,anewtheoryisthegoalandendresultofthecreativeact.Innovativescienceproducesnewpropositionsintermsofwhichdiversephenomenacanberelatedtooneanotherinmorecoherentways），由此可知选项C“是高创造性科学的结果”符合题意。

3.细节事实题。题目问的是“文章中提出佛罗伦萨歌剧是……”。文章第二段提到一般来说，一首乐曲是否在音乐史上确立了一个新的原则与它的美学价值几乎没有关系。一些音乐作品，比如佛罗伦萨乐团的歌剧，因为包含了一种新的组织形式，而具有显著的历史重要性，但是很少有听众或音乐家会把这些作品列入伟大的音乐作品之列（Moregenerally,however,whetherornotacompositionestablishesanewprincipleinthehistoryofmusichaslittlebearingonitsaestheticworth.Becausetheyembodyanewprincipleoforganization,somemusicalworks,suchastheoperasoftheFlorentineCamerata,areofsignalhistoricalimportance,butfewlistenersormusicologistswouldincludetheseamongthegreatworksofmusic），因此选项B“虽然它们在音乐史上很重要，但一般认为没有很高的美学价值”符合题意。

4.观点态度题。题目问的是“作者认为一切具有高度创造性的艺术都是超越界限的……”。文章第一段提到“由高创造性艺术产生的美学细节只会是对现有模式限制的延伸，而不会是对其超越”（Aestheticparticularsproducedbythehighlycreativeartistextendorexploit,inaninnovativeway,thelimitsofanexistingform,ratherthantranscendthatform），由此可知作者对于那种认为创造性艺术可以超越现有模式限制的观点是不认可的，因此选项D“深度怀疑”符合题意。

5.细节事实题。题目问的是“这篇文章提供了回答以下所有问题的信息，除了……”。文章第一段提到“非凡的创造性活动被认为是革命性的”（Extraordinarycreativeactivityhasbeencharacterizedasrevolutionary），由此可知选项A“不寻常的创造性活动被定性为革命吗？”在文章中有回复的信息，排除；文章最后一段提到“莫扎特的《费加罗的婚礼》无疑是音乐的杰作之一，尽管它的适度创新仅限于扩展现有的手段”（Mozart'sTheMarriageofFigaroissurelyamongthemasterpiecesofmusiceventhoughitsmodestinnovationsareconfinedtoextendingexistingmeans），由此可知选项C得到了回答，排除；文章最后一段提到贝多芬打破了常规，把音乐从令人窒息的陈规陋习中解放出来。但是仔细研究他的作品会发现，贝多芬并没有推翻认为原则。相反，他是一位无与伦比的战略家，他以惊人的独创方式利用各种从前辈那里继承下来的限制条件，比如规则、形式和惯例（IthasbeensaidofBeethoventhathetoppledtherulesandfreedmusicfromthestiflingconfinesofconvention.ButaclosestudyofhiscompositionsrevealsthatBeethovenoverturnednofundamentalrules.Rather,hewasanincomparablestrategistwhoexploitedlimits--therules,forms,andconventionsthatheinheritedfrompredecessorssuchasHaydnandMozart,HandelandBach--instrikinglyoriginalways），由此可知选项B在文章得到了回答，排除。综上，选项D符合题意。

15.单选题

Incitieswithrentcontrol,thecitygovernmentsetsthemaximumrentthatalandlordcanchargeforanapartment.Supportersofrentcontrolarguethatitprotectspeoplewhoarelivinginapartments.Theirrentcannotincrease;therefore,theyarenotindangeroflosingtheirhomes.However,thecriticssaythatafteralongtime,rentcontrolmayhavenegativeeffects.Landlordsknowthattheycannotincreasetheirprofits.Therefore,theyinvestinotherbusinesseswheretheycanincreasetheirprofits.Theydonotinvestinnewbuildingswhichwouldalsoberent-controlled.Asaresult,newapartmentsarenotbuilt.Manypeoplewhoneedapartmentscannotfindany.Accordingtothecritics,theendresultofrentcontrolisashortageofapartmentsinthecity.

Sometheoristsarguethattheminimumwagelawcancauseproblemsinthesameway.Thefederalgovernmentsetstheminimumthatanemployermustpayworkers.Theminimumhelpspeoplewhogenerallylookforunskilled,low-payingjobs.However,iftheminimumishigh,employersmayhirefewerworkers.Theywillreplaceworkerswithmachinery.Theprice,whichisthewagethatemployersmustpay,increases.Therefore,otherthingsbeingequal,thenumberofworkersthatemployerswantdecreases.Thus,criticsclaim,anincreaseintheminimumwagemaycauseunemployment.Somepoorpeoplemayfindthemselveswithoutjobsinsteadofwithjobsattheminimumwage.

Supportersoftheminimumwagesaythatithelpspeoplekeeptheirdignity.Becauseofthelaw,workerscannotselltheirservicesforlessthantheminimum.Furthermore,employerscannotforceworkerstoacceptjobsatunfairwages.

Economictheorypredictstheresultsofeconomicdecisionssuchasdecisionsaboutfarmproduction,rentcontrol,andtheminimumwage.Thepredictionsmaybecorrectonlyif“otherthingsareequal”.

Economistsdonotagreeonsomeofthepredictions.Theyalsodonotagreeonthevalueofdifferentdecisions.Someeconomistssupportaparticulardecisionwhileotherscriticizeit.Economistsdoagree,however,thattherearenosimpleanswerstoeconomicquestions.

1.Thereisthepossibilitythatsettingmaximumrentmay______.

2.Accordingtothecritics,rentcontrol______.

3.Theproblemofunemploymentwillarise,______.

4.Thepassagetellsus______.

5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

问题1选项

A.causeashortageofapartments

B.worrythosewhorentapartmentsashomes

C.increasetheprofitsoflandlords

D.encouragelandlordstoinvestinbuildingapartment

问题2选项

A.willalwaysbenefitthosewhorentapartments

B.isunnecessary

C.willbringnegativeeffectsinthelongrun

D.isnecessaryunderallcircumstances

问题3选项

A.iftheminimumwageissettoohigh

B.iftheminimumwageissettoolow

C.iftheworkersareunskilled

D.ifthemaximumwageisset

问题4选项

A.therelationshipbetweensupplyanddemand

B.thepossibleresultsofgovernmentcontrols

C.thenecessityofgovernmentcontrol

D.theurgencyofgettingridofgovernmentcontrols

问题5选项

A.Theresultsofeconomicdecisionscannotalwaysbepredicted.

B.Minimumwagecannotalwaysprotectemployees.

C.Economictheorycanpredicttheresultsofeconomicdecisionsifotherfactorsarenotchanging.

D.Economicdecisionsshouldnotbebasedoneconomictheory.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.判断推理题。根据题干可定位到文章第一段“Landlordsknowthattheycannotincreasetheirprofits.Therefore,theyinvestinotherbusinesseswheretheycanincreasetheirprofits.Theydonotinvestinnewbuildingswhichwouldalsoberent-controlled.Asaresult,newapartmentsarenotbuilt.Manypeoplewhoneedapartmentscannotfindany.Accordingtothecritics,theendresultofrentcontrolisashortageofapartmentsinthecity.（房东们知道他们不能通过出租公寓来增加自己的利润，因此他们会投资其他可以增加利润的业务。他们不会投资新建筑，因为新建筑也会受到租金管制。因此，新建公寓减少，许多需要公寓的人找不到公寓来租。根据评论家的说法，租金管制的最终结果是城市的公寓短缺。）”由此可知租金管制最有可能的结果就是造成城市公寓短缺，所以A选项“造成公寓短缺”说法正确。B选项“使那些租公寓当房子的人发愁”文章虽然有提到，但其并不是租金管制的最终结果，故不选；C选项“增加房东的利润”说法错误，文章提到租金管制会减少房东的利润；D选项“鼓励房东投资新公寓建造”说法错误，文中说到房东们并不会投资公寓，而是其他可以增加自己利润的业务。因此A选项正确。

2.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第一段“However,thecriticssaythatafteralongtime,rentcontrolmayhavenegativeeffects.（然而，批评者说，长期以来，租金控制可能会产生负面影响。）”由此可知C选项“从长远来看会带来负面影响”说法正确。A选项“将永远有利于那些租房的人”；B选项“是不必要的”；D选项“在任何情况下都是必要的”都不符合文章事实，因此C选项正确。

3.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第二段“However,iftheminimumishigh,employersmayhirefewerworkers...Thus,criticsclaim,anincreaseintheminimumwagemaycauseunemployment.（然而，如果最低工资设置得很高，雇主可能会雇佣更少的工人……因此，批评人士声称，提高最低工资可能会导致失业。）”由此可知。如果最低工资设定得太高会导致失业问题的出现，所以A选项“如果最低工资设定得太高”说法正确。B选项“如果最低工资设定得太低”；C选项“如果工人不熟练”；D选项“如果设定了最高工资”都不符合文章事实，因此A选项正确。

4.判断推理题。文章第一段说到政府设置房东可以收取的公寓最高租金，即租金管制可能会造成城市公寓短缺；第二段说到政府设置最低工资可能会导致失业问题。文章倒数第二段也说到“Economictheorypredictstheresultsofeconomicdecisionssuchasdecisionsaboutfarmproduction,rentcontrol,andtheminimumwage.Thepredictionsmaybecorrectonlyif‘otherthingsareequal’.”（经济理论预测了经济决策的结果，如关于农业生产的决定、租金控制和最低工资。只有在“其他事情是平等的”时，预测才是正确的）。由此可知文章主要是利用经济理论预测了政府控制的可能结果，所以B选项“政府管制的可能结果”说法正确。A选项“供求关系”文章没有提到；C选项“政府管控的必要性”说法错误，文章中提到的政府管控的结果都是负面的，从而不能说明政府管控的必要性；D选项“摆脱政府管控的紧迫性”说法错误，文章最后一段说到经济学家们对评论家们的预测意见不一，且认为经济问题没有简单的答案，所以由此可知文章并没有建议摆脱政府的管制。因此B选项正确。

5.判断推理题。根据文章倒数第二段“Economictheorypredictstheresultsofeconomicdecisionssuchasdecisionsaboutfarmproduction,rentcontrol,andtheminimumwage.Thepredictionsmaybecorrectonlyif‘otherthingsareequal’.”（经济理论预测了经济决策的结果，如关于农业生产的决定、租金控制和最低工资。只有在“其他事情是平等的”时，预测才是正确的）。可知A选项“经济决策的结果并不总是可以预测的”和C选项“如果其他因素不变，经济理论可以预测经济决策的结果”说法正确；根据文章第二段“However,iftheminimumishigh,employersmayhirefewerworkers.Theywillreplaceworkerswithmachinery.Theprice,whichisthewagethatemployersmustpay,increases.Therefore,otherthingsbeingequal,thenumberofworkersthatemployerswantdecreases.Thus,criticsclaim,anincreaseintheminimumwagemaycauseunemployment.（然而，如果最低工资是高的，雇主可能会雇佣更少的工人。他们将用机器代替工人。价格，也就是雇主必须支付的工资，上涨了。因此，在其他条件相同的情况下，雇主需要的工人数量会减少。因此，评论家声称，提高最低工资可能会导致失业。）”可知B选项“最低工资政策不能总是保护员工”说法正确；根据倒数第二段的开头“Economictheorypredictstheresultsofeconomicdecisions（经济理论预测了经济决策的结果）”可知经济决策应该以经济理论为基础，因此D选项“经济决策不应以经济理论为基础”说法错误。因此D选项符合题意。

16.单选题

Inplanningforthehealthneedsoftheseimmigrantfamilies,FrancescaWeissman,ahealthcarepractitioner,askedtwoquestions:(1)“Whatarethemosturgentneedsofthispopulation?”and(2)“Howcanthispopulationbeinducedtousethehealthservicesthatareavailable?”Insomerespects,thesecondquestionismoreimportantbecausepersuadingimmigrantfamiliestoutilizeservicesisabasicproblem.

Buildingtrustisaprimarygoal.Employingcaregiverswhocanspeaktheclients’languagewilldomuchtolowerethnicbarriersandreducesuspiciononthepartofthepotentialclients.Manytraditionalfamiliesareslowtodeveloppersonalrelationships,andthisholdstrueintheinteractionswithcaregivers.Unlessthefamiliescancommunicatewithcaregivers,theycannotbegintotrustthem.Withouttrust,theyarenotlikelytoseekorevenacceptassistance.

Communicationisatwo-waychannel.Caregivers,Francescarealized,haveanobligationtobecomeacquaintedwiththecultureofthegrowingethnicpopulations,andoftheirdiversesubgroups.Bybecominginformedandbyconveyingrespect,caregiverscanmakeinteractionswithimmigrantfamilieslessfrighteningandmoreproductive.Awarenessoftheeconomicclimateandotherconditionsintheplaceoforiginhelpscaregiversrecognizethatthesuspiciousnessofimmigrantfamiliestowardsofficials.

Afamilyapproachtohealthcareisrecommendedforimmigrantgroups.Ifthewholefamilycanbeinvolvedinthehealthcareprogram,theindividualmembersarelikelytobelessfearful.Family-orientedprogramsmaybeginwithpracticaladviceabouttheneighborhood:locationsofgrocerystores,wheretoapplyforfoodstamps,andhowtolookforwork.Anyprogramsdevelopedforimmigrantfamiliesmustbeofferedatconvenienttimesandplacesbecausetheymaynothavetheknowledgeorresourcestotravelfreelyintheirnewcommunity.

1.Thepassagebeginsbyimplyingthatimmigrantfamiliesmaynot（

）.

2.Itisdifficulttobuildtrustbetweenimmigrantclientsandcaregiversbecause（

）.

3.WhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?

4.Whichofthefollowingisimportantwhenthefamilyapproachisadopted?

5.Whatdoesthepassagemainlyfocusonintermsofservicestoimmigrantfamilies?

问题1选项

A.beawareoftheirownhealthneeds

B.bewillingtousetheavailableservices

C.beentitledtothebasichealthcareservices

D.beabletoaffordservicesotherthanthemostbasic

问题2选项

A.caregivershavelittleoverseasworkingexperience

B.caregiversmaynotspeaktheclients’nativelanguage

C.caregivershaveastrongsenseofculturalsuperiority

D.caregiversareaversetotheclients’ethnicbackground

问题3选项

A.Understandingdifferentculturesisnecessaryinofferinggoodservices.

B.Lackofinformationandrespectisacommonproblemamongcaregivers.

C.Ethnicpopulationsaregainingsignificantinfluenceinthehealthcaresystem.

D.Itisunreasonabletoemphasizespecificconditionsinimmigrants’nativehomes.

问题4选项

A.Sufficientresourcesshouldbeguaranteedtoensurethesuccess.

B.Thedailylifeofthefamilyshouldbecaredforfirstandforemost.

C.Fearamongfamilymembersshouldberelievedatthebeginningstage.

D.Whatisincludedintheprogramsshouldbebothpracticalandpracticable.

问题5选项

A.Howtoestablishanimmig