考研考博-英语-新疆兵团警官高等专科学校考试押题卷含答案详解

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-新疆兵团警官高等专科学校考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

“Ineveryknownhumansocietythemale’sneedsforachievementcanberecognized.Inagreatnumberofhumansocietiesmen'ssurenessoftheirsexroleistiedupwiththeirright,orability,topracticesomeactivitythatwomenarenotallowedtopractice.Theirmalenessinfacthastobeunderwrittenbypreventingwomenfromenteringsomefieldorperformingsomefeat.”

ThisistheconclusionoftheanthropologistMargaretMeadaboutthewayinwhichtherolesofmenandwomeninsocietyshouldbedistinguished.

Iftalkandprintareconsidereditwouldseemthattheformalemancipationofwomenisfarfromcomplete.Thereisaflowofpublicationsaboutthecontinuingdomesticbondageofwomenandaboutthecomplicatedsystemofdefenseswhichmenhavethrownuparoundtheirhithertoacceptedadvantages,takingsometimestheobviousformofexclusionfromtypesofoccupationandsociablegroupings,andsometimesthemoresubtleformofautomaticdoubtoftheseriousnessofwomen’spretensionstothelevelofintellectandresolutionthatmen,itissupposed,bringtothebusinessofrunningtheworld.

Thereareagoodmanyobjectivepiecesofevidencefortheerosionofmen'sstatus.Inthefirstplace,thereisthewidespreadpostwarphenomenonofthewomanPrimeMinister,inIndia,SriLankaandIsrael.

Secondly,thereistheverylargeincreaseinthenumberofwomenwhowork,especiallymarriedwomenandmothersofchildren.Morediffuselytherearetheincreasinglynumerousconvergencesbetweenmaleandfemalebehavior:theapproximationtoidenticalstylesindressandcoiffure,thesharingofdomestictasks,andtheadmissionofwomentoallsortsofhithertoexclusivelymaleleisure-timeactivities.

Everyonecarriesroundwithhimafairlydefiniteideaoftheprimitiveornaturalconditionsofhumanlife.Itisacquiredmorebythestudyofhumorouscartoonsthanofarchaeology,butthatdoesnotmattersinceitisnotsignificantastheorybutonlyasanexpressionofinwardlyfeltexpectationsofpeople'ssenseofwhatisfundamentallyproperinthedifferentiationbetweentherolesofthetwosexes.Inthisrudimentarynaturalsocietymengoouttohuntandfishandtofightoffthetribenextdoorwhilewomenkeepthefiregoing.Amorousinitiativeisfirmlyreservedtotheman,whosetsaboutcourtshipwithaclub.

1.Thephrase“men’ssurenessoftheirsexrole”inthefirstparagraphsuggeststhatthey（

）.

2.ThethirdparagraphdoesNOTclaimthatmen

（

）.

3.Attheendofthelastparagraphtheauthoruseshumorousexaggerationinorderto

（

）.

4.Theusualideaofthecavemaninthelastparagraph

（

）.

5.TheopeningquotationfromMargaretMeadsumsuparelationshipbetweenmanandwomanwhichtheauthor（

）.

问题1选项

A.areconfidentintheirabilitytocharmwomen

B.taketheinitiativeincourtship

C.haveaclearideaofwhatisconsidered“manly”

D.tendtobemoreimmoralthanwomenare

问题2选项

A.preventwomenfromtakingupcertainprofessions

B.secretlyadmirewomen'sintellectandresolution

C.doubtwhetherwomenreallymeantosucceedinbusiness

D.forbidwomentojoincertainclubsandsocieties

问题3选项

A.showthatmenarestrongerthanwomen

B.carryfurthertheideasoftheearliestparagraphs

C.supportthefirstsentenceofthesameparagraph

D.disowntheideasheisexpressing

问题4选项

A.isbasedonthestudyofarchaeology

B.illustrateshowpeopleexpectmentobehave

C.isdismissedbytheauthorasanirrelevantjoke

D.provesthattheman,notwoman,shouldbethewooer

问题5选项

A.approvesof

B.arguesisnatural

C.completelyrejects

D.expectstogoonchanging

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.推理判断题。题干询问第一段中的“男人对自己的性别角色的确信”表明他们…‘’由第一段第二句“Inagreatnumberofhumansocietiesmen'ssurenessoftheirsexroleistiedupwiththeirrightorability,topracticesomeactivitythatwomenarenotallowedtopractice.在大量的人类社会里，男性对自己性别角色的确定与他们去实践女性不被允许的活动的权利或能力联系在一起。”确定C选项“对什么被看成是‘男子气概’有清醒的认识”正确。

2.细节事实题。题干询问‘第三段没有提及…’。由第三段中“...takingsometimestheobviousformofexclusionfromtypesofoccupationandsociablegroupings,andsometimesthemoresubtleformofautomaticdoubtoftheseriousnessofwomen'spretensionstothelevelofintellectandresolutionthatmen,itissupposed,bringtothebusinessofrunningtheworld.有时采取明显的（将女性）排除在某些职业和社会群体之外的方式；有时采取更微妙的方式去自动怀疑女性自称达到被认为是男性为运行世界这个事业而带来的智力和决断水平的真正性。”确定B选项的“背地里羡慕女性的资料和决断”在第三段中没有提及，符合题意；A选项“阻止女性从事某些职业”、C选项“怀疑是否女性真正打算去在职业上获得成功”及D选项“禁止女性加入某些俱乐部和社会团体”在第三段都有提及。。

3.细节事实题。题干询问‘在最后一段的结尾，作者使用了幽默的夸张手法来达到….’。由最后一段第一句“Everyonecarriesroundwithhimafairlydefiniteideaoftheprimitiveornaturalconditionsofhumanlife.Itisacquiredmorebythestudyofhumorouscartoonsthanofarchaeology...每个人对原命或自然的乂类生活情况都有一个非常确切的想法，相比考古学，它（即有关人类原始或自然的状况的想法）更多是通过研究幽默的卡通图画来获得的”确定C选项“支持同一个段落第一句话”正确。

4.推理判断题。题干询问‘他在最后一段提到穴居人…’。由最后一段第二句“Itisacquiredmorebythestudyofhumorouscartoonsthanofarchaeology...相比考古学，它（即有关人类原始或自然的状况的想法）更多是通过研究幽默的卡通图画来获得的”确定A选项“基于研究考古学”与原文不符。由最后一段中“Inthisrudimentarynaturalsocietymengoouttohuntandfishandtofightoffthetribenextdoorwhilewomenkeepthefiregoing.在这种基本的自然社会里，男人出去打猎、捕鱼和击退临近的部落，而女人保持炉火不灭（即负责家务）”确定B选项“描述了人们怎样期盼男性去表现”正确。C选项“被作者以一个不相关的笑话而没有考虑”及D选项“证明男人而非女人应该是追求者”在文中没有提及。

5.推理判断题。题干询问‘玛格丽特•米德的引言概括了作者对男女关系的理解的…’。由最后一段中“Itisacquiredmorebythestudyofhumorouscartoonsthanofarchaeology,butthatdoesnotmattersinceitisnotsignificantastheorybutonlyasanexpressionofinwardlyfeltexpectationsofpeople’ssenseofwhatisfundamentallyproperinthedifferentiationbetweentherolesofthetwosexes.相比考古学，它（即有关人类原始或自然的状况的想法）更多是通过研究幽默的卡通图画来获得的，但这个不重要，因为它不是作为理论而重要，而是作为一种内心感到的期望的表达，即人们感觉在两性角色区别上什么在根本上是合适。”确定作者赞同MargretMead总结的在社会中男性和女性的角色应该被区分”，所以A选项“赞同”正确。

2.单选题

Thenewpolicieswill（）ratherthanhelppoorfamilies.

问题1选项

A.hide

B.hinder

C.hint

D.hind

【答案】B

【解析】考查形近词辨析。A项动词hide“隐藏”，B项动词hinder“阻碍、打扰”，C项动词hint“暗示、示意”，D项形容词hind“后部的”；句意：新政策将阻碍而不是帮助贫困家庭。因此B选项正确。

3.单选题

Inspiteofmyrepeatedapologies,sheneverforgavemeformy（

）herprivateaffairs.

问题1选项

A.potentialfor

B.expertiseof

C.intrusioninto

D.injectioninto

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项potentialfor“有……潜能/可能”；B选项expertiseof“……专业技能/知识”；C选项intrusioninto“侵入，侵犯，侵扰”；D选项injectioninto“注射，注入”。由privateaffairs（隐私）可知C选项符合逻辑搭配。句意：尽管我一再道歉，但她不会原谅我侵犯了她的隐私。

4.单选题

Themanagergaveoneofthesalesgirlsanaccusinglookforher（）attitudetowardcustomers.

问题1选项

A.impartial

B.mild

C.hostile

D.opposing

【答案】C

【解析】impartial公正的；mild温顺的；hostile不友好的；opposing反对的。句意：因为售货员对顾客不友好的态度,

老板对她投去责备的目光。选项C符合句意。

5.单选题

Doyourememberallthoseyearswhenscientistsarguedthatsmokingwouldkillusbutthedoubtersinsistedthatwedidn’tknowforsure?Thattheevidencewasinconclusive,thescienceuncertain?Thattheantismokinglobbywasouttodestroyourwayoflifeandthegovernmentshouldstayoutoftheway?LotsofAmericansthoughtthatnonsense,andoverthreedecades,some10millionsmokerswenttoearlygraves.

Thereareupsettingparallelstoday,asscientistsinonewaveafteranothertrytoawakenustothegrowingthreatofglobalwarming.ThelatestwasapanelfromtheNationalAcademyofSciences,enlistedbytheWhiteHouse,totellusthattheEarth’satmosphereisdefinitelywarmingandthattheproblemislargelyman-made.Theclearmessageisthatweshouldgetmovingtoprotectourselves.ThepresidentoftheNationalAcademy,BruceAiberts,addedthiskeypointintheprefacetothepanel’sreport:“Scienceneverhasalltheanswers.Butsciencedoesprovideuswiththebestavailableguidetothefuture,anditiscriticalthatournationandtheworldbaseimportantpoliciesonthebestjudgmentsthatsciencecanprovideconcerningthefutureconsequencesofpresentactions.”

Justasonsmoking,voicesnowcomefrommanyquartersinsistingthatthescienceaboutglobalwarningisincomplete;thatit’sOKtokeeppouringfumesintotheairuntilweknowforsure.Thisisadangerousgame:bythe100percentoftheevidenceisin,itmaybetoolate.Withtherisksobviousandgrowing,aprudentpeoplewouldtakeoutaninsurancepolicynow.

Fortunately,theWhiteHouseisstartingtopayattention.Butit’sobviousthatamajorityofthepresident’sadvisersstilldon’ttakeglobalwarningseriously.Insteadofaplanofaction,theycontinuetopressformoreresearch—aclassiccaseof“paralysisbyanalysis”.

Toserveasresponsiblestewardsoftheplanet,wemustpressforwardondeeperatmosphericandoceanicresearch.Butresearchaloneisinadequate.IftheAdministrationwon’ttakethelegislativeinitiative,Congressshouldhelptobeginfashioningconservationmeasures.AbillbyDemocraticSenatorRobertByrdofWestVirginia,whichwouldofferfinancialincentivesforprivateindustry,isapromisingstart.Manyseethatthecountryisgettingreadytobuildlotsofnewpowerplantstomeetourenergyneeds.Ifweareevergoingtoprotecttheatmosphere,itiscrucialthatthosenewplantsbeenvironmentallysound.

51.Anargumentmadebysupportersofsmokingwasthat______.

52.AccordingtoBruceAiberts,sciencecanserveas______.

53.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“paralysisbyanalysis”(Lastline,paragraph4)?

54.Accordingtotheauthor,whatshouldtheAdministrationdoaboutglobalwarming?

55.Theauthorassociatestheissueofglobalwarningwiththatofsmokingbecause______.

问题1选项

A.therewasnoscientificevidenceofthecorrelationbetweensmokinganddeath

B.thenumberofearlydeathsofsmokersinthepastdecadeswasinsignificant

C.peoplehadthefreedomtochoosetheirownwayoflife

D.antismokingpeoplewereusuallytalkingnonsense

问题2选项

A.aprotector

B.ajudge

C.acritic

D.aguide

问题3选项

A.Endlessstudieskillaction.

B.Carefulinvestigationrevealstruth.

C.Prudentplanninghindersprogress.

D.Extensiveresearchhelpsdecision-making.

问题4选项

A.Offeraidtobuildcleanerpowerplants.

B.Raisepublicawarenessofconservation.

C.Pressforfurtherscientificresearch.

D.Takesomelegislativemeasures.

问题5选项

A.theybothsufferedfromthegovernment’snegligence

B.alessonfromthelatterisapplicabletotheformer

C.theoutcomeofthelatteraggravatestheformer

D.bothofthemhaveturnedfrombadtoworse

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】51.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】判断推理题。题干意思是“吸烟的支持者提出的论点是……”。第一段第三句提到Thattheantismokinglobbywasouttodestroyourwayoflife（反对吸烟的游说将毁掉我们的生活方式）可以推断，吸烟的支持者认为他们有选择自己生活方式的自由，因此C项“人们有自由选择自己的生活方式”符合题意。A项“吸烟与死亡之间没有相关的科学证据”，根据第一段第二句theevidencewasinconclusive（证据缺乏决定性）可知不是没有相关证据，而是证据缺乏决定性，所以A项错误；根据第一段第四句LotsofAmericansthoughtthatnonsense,andoverthreedecades,some10millionsmokerswenttoearlygraves（很多美国人认为吸烟导致人死亡的说法是胡说，在过去的三十年间，大约1000万吸烟者早逝），可知有大约1000万吸烟者早逝这个数量并不是微不足道的，因此B项“过数十年中早逝的烟民数量微不足道”错误；另外美国人是认为吸烟导致人死亡的说法是胡说八道，而不是禁烟者胡说，因此D项“禁烟者通常都是在胡说八道”也不符合题意。故该题选C。

52.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。题干意思是“根据BruceAlberts，科学可以作为……”。根据第二段最后一句Butsciencedoesprovideuswiththebestavailableguidetothefuture（但是科学确实为我们提供了关于未来的最好指导）可知，科学可以作为指导，因此D项“指导”正确。A项“保护者”，B项“法官”及C项“批评家”都不符合。故该题选D。

53.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】判断推理题。题干意思是“作者在第四段最后一行说‘分析导致的瘫痪’是什么意思？”。根据第四段第一行提到Butit’sobviousthatamajorityofthepresident’sadvisersstilldon’ttakeglobalwarmingseriously.Insteadofaplanofaction,theycontinuetopressformoreresearch—aclassiccaseof“paralysisbyanalysis.”（但很明显，总统的大多数顾问仍然没有认真对待全球变暖问题。他们没有制定行动计划，而是继续推动更多的研究——一个典型的“分析导致瘫痪”的案例）可知，“分析导致瘫痪”的意思是研究阻止了行动的产生，因此A项“无休止的研究扼杀了行动”符合题意。B项“仔细调查揭示真相”和C项“谨慎计划阻碍进步”没有提到，D项“大量的研究有助于决策”，文中只是提到了更多的研究，没有提到研究有助于决策，故该题选A正确。

54.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】判断推理题。题干意思是“根据作者的观点，政府应该如何应对全球变暖？”。根据最后一段第三句IftheAdministrationwon’ttakethelegislativeinitiative,Congressshouldhelptobeginfashioningconservationmeasures.（如果政府不采取立法措施，国会应该帮助制定保护措施）可知，在作者的观点中，政府应该采取立法措施，因此D项“采取一些立法措施”符合题意。A项“提供支持，建设清洁发电厂”和B项“提高公众保护意识”都是政府的立法措施能够做到的，因此包括在里面；C项“促进更进一步的科学研究”不是作者想要政府做的，前文提到研究扼杀了行动，因此C项错误；故该题D项正确。

55.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】判断推理题。题干意思是“作者把全球变暖问题和吸烟问题联系起来是因为……”。作者在文章第一段讲述科学家们认为吸烟会致人死亡，而怀疑者们坚持认为证据缺乏决定性；第二段接着讲述现在出现了类似的情况，即全球变暖的问题，科学家们试图让我们意识到全球气候变暖所带来的日益严重的威胁与地球气候变暖主要是人为造成的；第三段讲述就如吸烟问题一样，来自不同领域的声音坚持认为有关全球变暖的科学资料还不完整；由此我们可以推断来自吸烟问题的教训可以运用到全球变暖的问题上，因此B项“吸烟问题的教训可以应用于全球变暖的问题上”符合题意。文中只是提到关于全球变暖的问题政府一直采取研究，没有提到吸烟问题上政府的态度，因此A项“两个问题都受到了政府的疏忽”不符合题意；C项“吸烟的结果使全球变暖问题恶化”，文章只是通过吸烟问题引出全球变暖的话题，因此C项错误；D项“两个问题都变得越来越糟糕了”，文中的确讲到两个问题的严重性，但是作者把两个问题联系起来更多的目的还是通过吸烟的问题引出全球变暖的主题，从而引出吸烟问题的教训可以应用到全球变暖的问题上。故该题B项最符合题意。

6.单选题

Thecorporationexpectsonly（）increasesinsalesnextyeardespiteayearlongefforttoreviveitsretailingbusiness.

问题1选项

A.modest

B.predictable

C.dynamic

D.expanding

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项modest“适度的，谦虚的”；B选项predictable“可预言的”；C选项dynamic“动态的，动力的，有活力的”；D选项expanding“扩大的，扩展的”。句意：尽管用过去一年的时间去努力恢复零售市场，但是公司仅仅期盼业绩（）增长即可。题干中的despite表转折，因此空格所填单词应该与despite所引导的句子产生的结果相反，正常情况下，付出了努力必然期盼有回报，所以这里应填与increase意思相反的词汇。因此A选项正确。

7.单选题

Nowadays,manyteachershavetotakeprivatepupilsto______theirsalary.

问题1选项

A.enlarge

B.inflate

C.augment

D.extend

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项enlarge“扩大，增加”，可用来指数量上的增加；B项inflate“使膨胀”，指充气膨胀，通货膨胀等；C项augment“增大”，指在原有的基础上增加含量而扩大；D项extend“延伸，扩大”，指扩大范围、影响或领土、土地扩张等。根据关键词salary“薪资”可知，空白部分填入“增加”符合句意，所以只有A项符合。句意：现在，许多教师私自带学生来增加收入。因此，该题选择A项正确。

8.单选题

Thebarintheclubisforthe（

）useofitsmembers.

问题1选项

A.extensive

B.exclusive

C.inclusive

D.comprehensive

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。extensive大量的，广泛的；exclusive排外的，独有的；inclusive包括的，包含的；comprehensive综合的，广泛的。句意：该俱乐部的酒吧仅供其会员使用。由空格后的useofitsmembers可知该酒吧仅供其内部会员使用。故B项符合句意，答案B。

9.单选题

Unlikegirlsandboysinearliergenerations,whotendedtospendagooddealoftimeplayingtogether,today’s12-year-oldsaretypicallygivenseveralelectronicdevices,sothey

wouldinclinetoplayalone.

问题1选项

A.gooddealoftimeplaying

B.today’s12-year-olds

C.typicallygiven

D.wouldinclinetoplay

E.没有错误

【答案】D

【解析】动词误用。incline改为tend。此处表达的是：倾向（做…），而inclinetodosth.为：倾向于（认为某个信念或观点是正确的）。

10.填空题

A:You’relate

B:（1）I?I’msorryImusthavelosttrackofthetime.HasMikearrived（2）?

A:Yes,he（3）hereabout15minutesago.He’sinthelavatorynow.

B:Oh,look!（4）heis!Hi,Mike!

C:Hi,Angela!It’sgoodtoseeyouagain.

A:Well,nowthateveryone’shere,Iguesswe’d（5）findacabandsetout.

【答案】Am;yet;arrived;Here/There;better

【解析】句意:

一一你迟到了。

1-2.语义题。一一是吗？抱歉，我一定是忘了时间了。迈克已经到了吗？

3.语义题。一一到了，他十五分钟之前就到了。他现在在厕所。

4.语义题。一一看！他在这里（那里）。你好，迈克！

一一你好，安吉利尔！很高兴再次见到你。

5.固定搭配。一一好了，现在我们都到齐了。我想我们最好叫辆出租车出发吧。

11.单选题

Thejunglefrightenedthetravelersbecauseitseemed（）.

问题1选项

A.abismal

B.abbysmal

C.abyzmal

D.abysmal

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A，B以及C选项不是正确的英文单词；D选项abysmal“深不可测的”。句意：这个丛林使旅行者惊恐万分，因为它似乎是深不可测的。根据句意，D选项正确。

12.单选题

Hitlerwasarmedtotheteethwhenhe（

）theSecondWorldWar.

问题1选项

A.implemented

B.launched

C.took

D.practiced

【答案】B

【解析】【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项implement“实行，实施”；B选项launch“发动，发起”；C选项take“取，拿”；D选项practice“练习，实行”。由题干“第二次世界大战”可知“launch发动”符合题意，句意为：希特勒发动二战时全副武装。故答案选B。

13.单选题

Inourgreatsocialistcountry,millionsofordinarymenandwomenareworkingselflesslyto（）povertyandbackwardness.

问题1选项

A.figureout

B.wipeout

C.carryout

D.takeout

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项figureout“理解，算出”；B选项wipeout“消灭，消除”；C选项carryout“实行”；D选项takeout“拿走，去掉”。句意：在我们伟大的社会主义国家里，千百万普通男女正在为消除贫穷落后而无私地工作着。选项B符合句意。

14.单选题

Yourlatestprojecthaslittle（

）ofsuccess.

问题1选项

A.prediction

B.prophecy

C.prospect

D.preview

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。prediction意为“预测，预报”；prophecy意为“语言”；prospect意为“可能性，希望，前景”；preview意为“试映，预演”。

句意：你最近的项目几乎没有成功的希望。

15.单选题

Twoyearsago,RupertMurdoch’sdaughter,Elisabeth,spokeofthe“unsettlingdearthofintegrityacrosssomanyofourinstitutions”.Integrityhadcollapsed,sheargued,becauseofacollectiveacceptancethattheonly“sortingmechanism”insocietyshouldbeprofitandthemarket.But“it’sus,humanbeings,wethepeoplewhocreatethesocietywewant,notprofit”.

Drivingherpointhome,shecontinued:“It’sincreasinglyapparentthattheabsenceofpurpose,ofamorallanguagewithingovernment,mediaorbusinesscouldbecomeoneofthemostdangerousgoalsforcapitalismandfreedom.”ThissameabsenceofmoralpurposewaswoundingcompaniessuchasNewsInternational,shethought,makingitmorelikelythatitwouldloseitswayasithadwithwidespreadillegaltelephonehacking.

Asthehackingtrialconcludes―findingguiltyoneex-editoroftheNewsoftheWorld,AndyCoulson,forconspiringtohackphones,andfindinghispredecessor,RebekahBrooks,innocentofthesamecharge—thewiderissueofdearthofintegritystillstands.Journalistsareknowntohavehackedthephonesofupto5,500people.Thisishackingonanindustrialscale,aswasacknowledgedbyGlennMulcaire,themanhiredbytheNewsoftheWorldin2001tobethepointpersonforphonehacking.Othersawaittrial.Thissagastillunfolds.

Inmanyrespects,thedearthofmoralpurposeframesnotonlythefactofsuchwidespreadphonehackingbutthetermsonwhichthetrialtookplace.OneoftheastonishingrevelationswashowlittleRebekahBrooksknewofwhatwentoninhernewsroom,howlittleshethoughttoaskandthefactthatsheneverinquiredhowthestoriesarrived.Thecoreofhersuccessfuldefensewasthatsheknewnothing.

Intoday’sworld,ithasbecomenormalthatwell-paidexecutivesshouldnotbeaccountableforwhathappensintheorganizationsthattheyrun.Perhapsweshouldnotbesosurprised.Forageneration,thecollectivedoctrinehasbeenthatthesortingmechanismofsocietyshouldbeprofit.Thewordsthathavematteredareefficiency,flexibility,shareholdervalue,business-friendlywealthgeneration,sales,impactand,innewspapers,circulation.Wordsdegradedtothemarginhavebeenjustice,fairness,tolerance,proportionalityandaccountability.

ThepurposeofeditingtheNewsoftheWorldwasnottopromotereaderunderstanding,tobefairinwhatwaswrittenortobetrayanycommonhumanity.Itwastoruinlivesinthequestforcirculationandimpact.MsBrooksmayormaynothavehadsuspicionsabouthowherjournalistsgottheirstories,butsheaskednoquestions,gavenoinstructions—norreceivedtraceable,recordedanswers.

1.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,Elisabethwasupsetby（

）.

2.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph3that

（

）.

3.TheauthorbelievesthatRebekahBrooks’sdefense

（

）.

4.Theauthorholdsthatthecurrentcollectivedoctrineshows

（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingissuggestedinthelastparagraph?

问题1选项

A.theconsequencesofthecurrentsortingmechanism

B.companies,financiallossduetoimmoralpractices

C.governmentalineffectivenessonmoralissues

D.thewidemisuseofintegrityamonginstitutions

问题2选项

A.GlennMulcairemaydenyphonehackingasacrime

B.morejournalistsmaybefoundguiltyofphonehacking

C.AndyCoulsonshouldbeheldinnocentofthecharge

D.phonehackingwillbeacceptedoncertainoccasions

问题3选项

A.revealedacunningpersonality

B.centeredontrivialissues

C.washardlyconvincing

D.waspartofaconspiracy

问题4选项

A.generallydistortedvalues

B.unfairwealthdistribution

C.amarginalizedlifestyle

D.arigidmoralcode

问题5选项

A.Thequalityofwritingsisofprimaryimportance.

B.Commonhumanityiscentraltonewsreporting.

C.Moralawarenessmattersineditinganewspaper

D.Journalistsneedstricterindustrialregulations.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。第一段指出:Integrityhadcollapsed,sheargued,becauseofacollectiveacceptancethattheonly“sortingmeclianisni”insocietyshouldbeprofitandthemarket(她（即Elisabeth）声称，由于我们集体性地接受社会中唯一的‘分类机制’应该是利润和市场，所以诚实己经瓦解)。因此可知A项“现在的分类机制的后果”正确。

2.判断推理题。由第三段中“Othersawaittrial.Thissagastillunfolds.其它的记者窃听电话案件等候着审判。这类传说仍然在发生。”的对应可推知B项“更多的记者可能被判电话窃听罪”正确。A项“GlennMulcaire可能否定电话窃听是一种犯罪”；C项“对于该指控（即电话窃听），AndyCoulson应该被认为是无罪的”；D项“电话窃听在某些情况下将会被接受”。

3.推理判断题。最后一段指出:MsBrooksmayormaynothavehadsuspicionsabouthowherjournalistsgottheirstories,butsheaskednoquestions,gavenoinstructions—norreceivedtraceable,recordedanswers(虽然布鲁克斯（Brooks）女士可能或可能没有怀疑她的记者们如何获取他们的新闻故事，但是她没有问任何问题、给出任何指示一也没有得到可追踪的有记录的答案)。由此可推知C项“几乎是不令人信服的”正确。

4.判断推理题。由题干关键词collectivedoctrine定位至倒数第二段:Forageneration,thecollectivedoctrinehasbeenthatthesortingmechanismofsocietyshouldbeprofit.Thewordsthathavematteredareefficiency,flexibility,shareholdervalue,business-friendlywealthgeneration,sales,impactand,innewspapers,circulation(对这一代人而言，集体信条是社会的分类机制应该是利润。重要的言语是效率、灵活性、股东利益、有利营商的财富产生、销售额、影响，而在报社方面就是发行量)与最后一段:ThepurposeofeditingtheNewsoftheWorldwasnottopromotereaderunderstanding,tobefairinwhatwaswrittenortobetrayanycommonhumanity.Itwastoruinlivesinthequestforcirculationandimpact(编辑世界新闻的目的不是去促进读者了解、在所撰写的新闻方面保持公正或显露任何共同的人性，而是为了追求发行量和影响而毁掉生活),由此可推知A项“通常被扭曲的价值观”正确。

5.判断推理题。最后一段指出:ThepurposeofeditingtheNewsoftheWorldwasnottopromotereaderunderstanding,tobefairinwhatwaswrittenortobetrayanycommonhumanity.Itwastoruinlivesinthequestforcirculationandimpact.编辑世界新闻的目的不是去促进读者了解、在所撰写的新闻方面保持公正或显露任何共同的人性，而是为了追求发行量和影响而毁掉生活),由此可知C项“在报纸编辑中道德意识是重要的”正确。

16.单选题

Whenitworks,itcanbefantastic,butcanveryeasily（）intoanightmareofthemostseriousproportions.

问题1选项

A.backwash

B.backdate

C.backlash

D.backfire

【答案】D

【解析】考查词义辨析。A项backwash“回流、反响”，B项backdate“回溯”，C项backlash“强烈反对”，D项backfire“产生出乎意料及事与愿违的结果”；句意：当它发挥作用时，可能是非常奇妙的，但也很容易事与愿违，变成最严重的噩梦。因此D选项正确。

17.单选题

Beforeabout1960,virtuallyallaccountsofevolutionassumedmostadaptationtobeaproductofselectionatthelevelofpopulations;recentstudiesofevolution,however,havefoundnobasisforthis（

）viewofselection.

问题1选项

A.controversial

B.pervasive

C.unchallenged

D.renowned

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项controversial“有争议的”；B选项pervasive“普遍的；到处渗透的”；C选项unchallenged“不成问题的；未引起争论的”；D选项renowned“著名的；有声望的”。句意：大约在1960年以前，几乎所有的进化理论都认为适应性是种群水平上的选择的结果；然而，对于这种······的选择观点，进化论的最新研究却没有找到任何依据。前部分提到“几乎所有进化理论都认为······”，可知这种观点是“普遍的”，B选项正确。

18.单选题

Thereareanumberofformatsforreportingresearch,suchasarticlestoappearinjournals,reportsaddressedtofundingagencies,thesesordissertationsaspartoftherequirementsforuniversitydegrees,andpaperstobepresentedatconferences.Theseformatsdifferfromoneanothermostlyintheirpurposesandtheaudienceswhichtheyaddress.Wewillnowbrieflydescribethem.

Thejournalarticleisawayofreportingresearchforprofessionaljournalsoreditedcollections.Theresearchisreportedinabrief,yetinformativeway,focusingmostlyonthemainfeaturesoftheresearchsuchasthepurpose,reviewoftheliterature(oftenreferredtoas“background”)，proceduresusedforcarryingouttheresearchaccompaniedbytables,charts,andgraphs,andinterpretationsoftheresults(oftenreferredtoasdiscussion).

Thecontentandemphasisofthejournalarticlewillvaryaccordingtotheintendedreaders(researchersorpractitioners)anditisimportantfortheresearchertobeawareofthebackgroundandinterestofthereadersofthejournal.Articlesintendedtobereadbypractitionerswillemphasizethepracticalimplicationsandrecommendationsoftheresearch,whilearticlesintendedtobereadbyresearcherswilldescribeindetailthemethodusedtocollectthedata,theconstructionofthedatacollectionprocedures,andthetechniquesusedforanalyzingthedata.Itisimportantforthenoviceresearchertobeawareofthefactthatarticlessubmittedtojournalsgothroughaprocessofevaluationbyexpertswhomakeajudgmentandrecommendwhethertheyshouldbepublishedornot.

Thethesisordissertationisaformatforreportingresearchwhichgraduatestudentswriteaspartoffulfillingtherequirementsforanadvancedacademicdegree.Thestudentisexpectedtodescribeingreatdetailallthephasesoftheresearchsoitcanbeexaminedandevaluatedcarefullybythereader.Thusthethesisordissertationincludesthepurposeandsignificanceofthestudy,therationale,athoroughreviewoftheliterature,detailedinformationastotheresearchtoolsandtheproceduresinvolvedintheirdevelopment,adescriptionoftheprocessofdataanalysisandtheresults,andaninterpretationoftheresultsintheform,ofconclusions,implications,andrecommendations.Thisdetaileddescriptionoftheprocessoftheresearchisneededtoprovidetheprofessorswithanindicationofthestudent’sabilitytocarryoutresearch.

Theconferencepaperisawayofreportingresearchatconferencesandseminars,andatsuchmeetingresearchpapersareusuallypresentedorally.Theyaresimilartotheresearcharticlesinceresearchisreportedinaconcise,yetinformativeway,focusingonthemostessentialelementsoftheresearch.Handoutsandtransparenciescanalsoaccompanythepresentations.Aswiththeresearcharticle,heretoo,thecontentandemphasisoftheoralreportwilldependtoalargeextentonthetypeofaudiencepresentatthemeetingandwhethertheyareresearchersorpractitioners.

1.Thebesttitleforthispassagecouldbe（）.

2.Wecandistinguishthoseresearchreportsfromeachothermainlythrough（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnotmentionedinthispassage?

4.Howcanaprofessorevaluateastudent’scapabilityofimplementingtheresearch?

问题1选项

A.WritingofResearchReports.

B.TypesofJournalArticles

C.TypesofResearchReports.

D.WritingofDifferentArticles.

问题2选项

A.theiraimsandpossibleaudiences

B.theirwritingstyleandlength

C.theirpresentedplacesandtime

D.theircontentandpurposes

问题3选项

A.Allthethesesordissertationsandconferencepapersarereportedinspokenlanguage.

B.Bothjournalarticlesandconferencepapersarereportedinabriefandinformativeway.

C.Bothjournalarticlesandconferencepapersareinfluencedgreatlybytheintendedreceivers.

D.Thevariousformatsofresearchreportsmaybepresentedindifferentways.

问题4选项

A.Byconcentratingonthemainfactorslikethepurpose,background,proceduresanddiscussion.

B.Byemphasizingthepracticalimplicationsandrecommendationsoftheresearch.

C.Bynotingthedetailedmethodusedtocollectthedata,theconstructionofthedatacollectionprocedures,thetechniquesforanalyzingthedataandresults,etc.

D.Byfocusingonthedetaileddescriptionoftheresearchsuchasthetools,procedures,theprocessofdataanalysis,theresultsandconclusions,etc.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:D

【解析】1.主旨大意题。题目问的是“最适合该文章的标题是什么？”文章第一段第一句话提到“报告研究的形式有很