考研考博-英语-东莞职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-东莞职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Morethan85percentofFrenchCanada'spopulationspeaksFrenchasamothertongueand（

）totheRomanCatholicfaith.

问题1选项

A.caters

B.adheres

C.ascribes

D.subscribes

【答案】B

【解析】考察动词词义辨析。cater“迎合；提供饮食及服务”；adhere“追随，坚持，粘附”；ascribe“把...归因于”;subscribes“订阅，签署”。句意：85%以上的法裔加拿大人把法语作为自己的母语，并且信仰天主教。选项B符合题意。

2.单选题

Somecompanieshaveintroducedflexibleworkingtimewithlessemphasisonpressure（

）

问题1选项

A.andmoreonefficiency

B.thanmoreonefficiency

C.andmoreefficiency

D.thanefficiency

【答案】A

【解析】考查and前后成分的一致性。and是一个并列连词，所以前后成分表达应该保持一致，所以介词on不能缺少，选项A符合题意。

3.写作题

Directions:FromJune1,2008,Chinawillbanshopsfromofferingfreeplasticbagandhascalledonconsumerstousebasketsandclothsacksinsteadtoreduceenvironmentalpollution.Whatdoyouthinkaboutthispolicy?Pleasewriteacompositionofapproximately200wordsonthefollowingtopic:

ShouldWeBanFreePlasticBagsFromShops?

Inthefirstpart,youshouldstaleclearlyyourviewpointonthisissue.Inthesecondpart,youshouldsupportyourviewpointwilhappropriatedetails.InIhelastpart,youshouldbringwhatyouhavewrittenIoanaturalconclusion.

Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriateness.Failuretofollowtheseinstructionsmayresultinthelossofmarks.

WriteyourcompositionontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】略

4.单选题

Africanstudentshavemountedstrongprotestsoverthemeasure,claimingthattheyarebeingagainst.

问题1选项

A.displaced

B.discriminated

C.resented

D.disturbed

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项displacedv.取代，替换；B选项discriminatedv.歧视，辨别，区别；C选项resentedv.怨恨，厌恶；D选项disturbedv.扰乱，干扰。根据句意可知非洲学生们已经针对实施方案确立了反抗提案，声称他们遭受了种族歧视。因此，正确答案为B项。

5.单选题

（）theadvancesofthescience,thediscomfortsofoldagewillnodoubtalwaysbewithus.

问题1选项

A.Asfor

B.Despite

C.Except

D.Besides

【答案】B

【解析】句意:尽管科学在不断发展，老年时期的不安感仍然未被消除。

考查介词辨析。句子前半部分表示:科学在不断发展，后半部分表示:老年时期的不安感仍然未被消除。因此前后部分为让步关系，答案为B项。

6.填空题

Oneofourarticlesisabouttobe（1）inNature.Everyoneispleasedthatit’sappearinginahigh-profileinternationaljournal,buttherewasaserious（2）inourresearchgroup（3）overwhoshouldbetheleadauthor.Someofthe（4）

ofthegrouparestillangry.

【答案】1.published

2.such

3.debate

4.members

【解析】1.语义题。句中的Nature是指一种杂志，我们的文章应该是“发表在”杂志中。

2.语义题。这里填such，suchahigh-profileinternationaljournal表示“如此引入注目的期刊”。

3.固定搭配。debateover就……进行讨论。

4.语义题。根据空格后的ofthegroup可以推断出最后一个空可以填入members表示“团队的成员”。

7.单选题

Hisfewpersonalbelongingsmadeitpossibleforhimtomovefromplacetoplace（）.

问题1选项

A.inease

B.withease

C.atease

D.witheasiness

【答案】B

【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项inease无此搭配；B选项withease“熟练地；不费力地”；C选项atease“安逸，自由自在”；D选项witheasiness无此搭配。根据句意“他的个人物品很少，使得他能够毫不费力地从这个地方搬到那个地方”。选项B符合语境。

8.单选题

Ingeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucraticmanagementinwhichmanbecomesasmallwell-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages,well-ventilatedfactoriesandpipedmusic,andbypsychologistsand“human-relations”experts.Yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepowerlessthathedoesnotwholeheartedlyparticipateinhisworkandthatheisboredwithit.Infact,theblueandthewhite-collarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement.

Theworkerandemployeeareanxious,notonlybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajob.Theyareanxiousalsobecausetheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionorinterestinlife.Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.

Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedortofallbehindisnotamatterofsalarybutevenmoreamatterofself-respect.Whentheyapplyfortheirfirstjob,theyaretestedforintelligenceaswellasforthetightmixtureofsubmissivenessandindependence.Fromthatmomentontheyaretestedagainandagain-bythepsychologists,forwhomtestingisabigbusiness,andbytheirsuperiors,whojudgetheirbehavior,sociability,capacitytogetalong,etc.Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone’sfellow-competitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress,theverycausesofunhappinessandillness.

AmIsuggestingthatweshouldreturntothepreindustrialmodeofproductionortonineteenth-century“freeenterprise”capitalism?Certainlynot.Problemsareneversolvedbyreturningtoastagewhichonehasalreadyoutgrown.Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemfromabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfulldevelopmentofhispotentialities-thoseofloveandofreason-aretheaimsofallsocialarrangements.Productionandconsumptionshouldserveonlyasmeanstothisend,andshouldbepreventedfromrulingman.

1.By“awell-oiledcoginthemachinery”theauthorintendstorendertheideathatmanis（

）.

2.Therealcauseoftheanxietyoftheworkersandemployeesisthat（

）

3.Fromthepassagewecaninferthatrealhappinessoflifebelongstothose（

）.

4.Tosolvethepresentsocialproblemstheauthorsuggeststhatweshould（

）.

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsindustrialismmightbestbesummarizedasoneof（

）.

问题1选项

A.anecessarypartofthesocietythougheachindividualfunctionsinit

B.workingincompleteharmonywiththerestofthesociety

C.anunimportantpartincomparisonwiththerestofthesociety,thoughfunctioningsmoothly

D.ahumblecomponentofthesociety,especiallywhenworkingsmoothly

问题2选项

A.theyarelikelytolosetheirjobs

B.theyhavenogenuinesatisfactionorinterestinlife

C.theyarefacedwiththefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistence

D.theyaredeprivedoftheirindividualityandindependence

问题3选项

A.whoareatthebottomofthesociety

B.whoarehigherupintheirsocialstatus

C.whoprovebetterthantheirfellow-competitors

D.whocouldkeepfarawayfromthiscompetitiveworld

问题4选项

A.resorttotheproductionmodeofourancestors

B.offerhigherwagestotheworkerandemployees

C.enablemantofullydevelophispotentialities

D.takethefundamentalrealitiesforgranted

问题5选项

A.approval

B.dissatisfaction

C.suspicion

D.tolerance

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章第一句话通常点出主旨大意。通篇文章都在谈论人们由于对工作没有激情和兴趣而找不到存在感，生活在巨大的焦虑之中的现实。所以C选项“社会中毫不重要的一个小部分，尽管一切运作正常”符合题意。

2.根据文章第二段的最后一句话‘Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.他们生活和死亡从来没有面对过人类作为情感和智力独立和有生产力的人存在的基本现实。’确定真正的原因是作为“情感与理智上独立的、富有创造性的”个人被忽视。D选项正确。选项A、B只是部分原因，不是真正的原因；C的意思与文章内容相悖。

3.语义推测题。文章第三段开头提到‘Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.生活在社会上层阶级的人需要面对更为激烈的竞争，因此面临着更大的焦虑，同时也更没有安全感‘。所以A和B选项排除。第三段最后一句提到“Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone’sfellow-competitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress,theverycausesofunhappinessandillness.一个人需要频繁地去证实他不比其竞争者差或比他更好，这样频繁的焦虑和压力正是人类抑郁和生病的原因。”，所以C选项排除。所以正确答案为D。

4.语义理解题。文章最后一段作者提到了解决方法：Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemfromabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfulldevelopmentofhispotentialities-thoseofloveandofreason-aretheaimsofallsocialarrangements.我建议把我们的社会制度从以最大限度的生产和消费为目的的官僚主义管理的工业主义转变为以人为本的工业主义，在这种工业主义中，人和充分发挥他的潜力---即爱和理性的潜力---是一切社会安排的目标。作者不赞同回到工业革命前的生产模式或是19世纪自由市场资本主义，所以A和B选项排除。作者赞同旨在激发人类爱和理智无限潜能的社会事业，所以C选项正确。D选项文章没有提及，排除。

5.作者观点题。作者提出了由于工业主义后在社会上产生的焦虑，但是文章最后一段，作者并不仅仅是表达对现状的不满意，而是以宽容的方式提出更好的建议来改善现状。所以D选项“宽容”符合题意。A“赞同”和C“怀疑”都不符合文意，排除。B‘不满’比较片面，排除。

9.翻译题

1.Whenyouestablishasuccinct,easy-to-remembertheme,youletpeopleknowthatyouhaveawell-definedandthought-outpointofview.

2.Themostcomplicatedproblemsindealingwiththeculturalenvironmentcomefromthe

factthatonecannotlearnculture-onehastoliveit.

3.ThemomentIfindmyselfturningawayfromajob,orputtingitunderapileofthingI

havetodo,Iclearmydeskofeverythingelseandattacktheobjectionableitemfirst.

4.Butjustinthelastfewyearsithasbecomealmostunbelievablycomplex,filledwithstrangepartswhosefunctionsarebeyondtoday'simagining.

【答案】1.当你建立一个简洁、容易记住的主题时，你让人们知道你有一个明确的且深思熟虑的观点。

2.在处理文化环境中最复杂的问题来自这样一个事实即一个人不能学习那种文化却又不得不生活在那样的环境里。

3.我发现自己转身撂下一份工作，或放在一堆要做的事情之后，我把桌上的一切清理干净，然后着手攻克一个有异议的项目。

4.但就在最近几年，它变得几乎难以置信的复杂，充满了奇怪的部分，其功能也超出了今日的想象力。

10.单选题

Peoplewithagreatdealof（

）oftenhaveadmiringfriendsandbitterenemies.

问题1选项

A.quality

B.appearance

C.personality

D.characters

【答案】C

【解析】agreatdealof后面接不可数名词，首先排除选项D；再根据句意可知，选项C更符合语境。句意：很有个性的人往往有仰慕他的朋友和充满仇恨的敌人。

11.单选题

TheNewYorkmaleandtheLondonmale:twospeciesofdudesosimilar,inmanyrespectstheyseemtohavebeenseparatedatbirth.Bothstomptriumphantlyaroundfinancialandmediacapitals.Bothfeeltheyliveatthecentreoftheknownuniverse.Andbothspendfartoomuchtimeontheirhair.Buttherearemarkeddifferencesbetweenthesetribes,fromconfidenceandsenseofhumourtomatingritualsanddresssense.

Sowho’sbest?There’sonlyonewaytofindout:whollyunscientificmeansofanecdotesfrompeoplewhohavelivedinbothcities.

Masculinity

AlexanderT.,aBritish-borndoctorlivinginHarlem,thinksthat“maleness”isamuchmoreconsciouslyperformedthinginManhattanthaninLondon.“Yourclothes,whatyouorderinarestaurant,yourabilitytodeliverasincerepatteraboutyourgoalsandpassions—thesearethingsthatwillhelpgetyoulaidinNewYork.SometimestheLondonapproachofjustrelyingonbeingfunnyandself-deprecatingwillfailtoimpress.”Butonlysometimes,Alexanderstresses.“Foreverywomanwhojudgesyouharshlyforyourlackofafive-yearplan,therewillbeothersdrivensomadwithtraumabywretchedanddisgustingNewYorkmalesthatafewhoursofyoulisteningandbeinganiceguywillmakeyouseemlikethecatchofthecentury.”

Appearances

JuliaB.isafundraiserinLondon,wholivedinNewYorkforsevenyears.“Londonmendressbetteringeneral,andlookamillionmilesbetterinsuits.Forsomereason,NewYorkersareobsessedwithboxy,ill-fittingsuitjackets,WallStreettypesbeingtheworstoffenders.NewYorkmenareprobablymoremuscular,andmoreimage-consciousingeneral.”NewYorkersseemmuchmorereluctanttogrowup,shethinks.“NewYorkmentryandretaintheiryouthforlonger.Therearemore45yearoldswithskateboardsinWilliamsburg,BrooklynthanthereareinHackney.LondonmenwillwanttosettledownsoonerthanNewYorkers.Asawoman,there’smoredangerofbeingsingleinNewYorksincemenwanttostay20intheirmindsforever,sowomendon’twanttocommiteither,becausetheyseealltheseimmaturedudesaround.InLondon,menunderstandwomen’sbiologicalclocksalittlebetter."

Humour

ThecommonplaceNewYorkerhasanannoyingreputation,butgraphicdesignerMichaelL.saysthetwoyearshespentinLondonupendedthatstereotypeforhim.“Londonguyswearagrim,unpleasantfacealotofthetime.PeopleinNewYorkwerealotmorewillingtobefriendly.Andthat’swhatEnglishpeoplewilldescribeasfake.TheythinktheNewYorknicenessisnotgenuine.Sothereyouhaveit.AreyouaLondonmanseekingfun?YoushoulddefinitelyspendafewweeksinNewYork.Yoursuperiorwardrobe,maturebehaviorandrefreshingself-deprecationwilllandinfertile,man-boytraumatizedsoilintheCityThatNeverSleeps.ButLondonwomen?AvoidthesirensongoftheNewYorkmale.Nomatterhowill-temperedyourLondonfellowis,he’sabetteroverallpackagethantheflashyNewYorker.Yes,thatcharmingManhattanitejustromanticallyaskedyououtinthemiddleofthestreet.But,a)heasksouteverywomanwithapulse,and,b)heprobablyworksatadiscountshoestore.

What’syourtakeonthedifferencesbetweenNewYorkandLondonmen?Whowouldyouratherbestuckinalift,onaroadtrip,orinthebar?

1.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

3.WomeninNewYorkaremorelikelytostaysinglebecause（

）.

4.Whatistheauthor’swarningtoLondonwomen?

5.Theunderlinedworddudemaymeanamanwhois（

）.

问题1选项

A.AnecdotesfromLondonandNewYork

B.LondonmenversusNewYorkmen:who’sbetter?

C.Meetthemoremasculine,grooming,humorousLondonguys

D.Twospeciesacrosstheocean

问题2选项

A.WomeninNewYorkarealwaysimpressedbytheambitiousmalefriends.

B.BusinessmeninNewYorkdonotfollowtherulesofdress.

C.Sometimeswomenprefertohavealistenerincompany.

D.MichaelL,aftertwoyearsinLondon,dislikesNewYorkmalesmore.

问题3选项

A.theydonotwanttomarryanimmatureboy

B.thementherewillnotmarryuntil45

C.theyarenotinterestedinskateboards

D.thementheredonotwanttosettledowninthecity

问题4选项

A.TheNewYorkmale’snicenessisprobablyfaked.

B.TheLondonmalesareunpleasantandill-tempered.

C.TheNewYorkmaleshavehurtmanyNewYorkwomenalready.

D.ItishardtotellwhetheraNewYorkmalehasagoodjob.

问题5选项

A.muchconcernedwithhisdressandappearance

B.alwaysrudeandviolenttopeople

C.humorousandcancheerupthewomen

D.intelligentandgoodatarts

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章主要从三个方面对伦敦男人和纽约男人进行对比，因此B选项“伦敦男人对纽约男人：谁更好？”这个标题能更好地表现本文比较的主题。

2.推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“Londonmendressbetteringeneral,andlookamillionmilesbetterinsuits.Forsomereason,NewYorkersareobsessedwithboxy,ill-fittingsuitjackets,WallStreettypesbeingtheworstoffenders.”伦敦男人一般穿得更好，穿西装看起来更好看。出于某种原因，纽约人痴迷于方形的、不合身的西装夹克，华尔街的人是罪魁祸首。可推测纽约人穿着不讲究，因此B选项“纽约的商人不遵守着装规则”符合题意。

3.推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“Asawoman,there’smoredangerofbeingsingleinNewYorksincemenwanttostay20intheirmindsforever,sowomendon’twanttocommiteither,becausetheyseealltheseimmaturedudesaround.”作为一个女人，在纽约单身的风险更大，因为男人想永远保持在20岁左右，所以女人也不想承诺，因为她们看到这些不成熟的男人。

可知纽约女性更有可能保持单身是由于男性心态不够成熟，因此A选项“她们不想嫁给一个不成熟的男孩”符合题意。

4.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“ButLondonwomen?AvoidthesirensongoftheNewYorkmale....Yes,thatcharmingManhattanitejustromanticallyaskedyououtinthemiddleofthestreet.But,a)heasksouteverywomanwithapulse,and,b)heprobablyworksatadiscountshoestore.”可知作者给伦敦女人的警告之一是，你无法判断约你出去的纽约男人在哪里工作，因此D选项“很难分辨纽约男人是否有很好的工作”符合题意。

5.词义题。根据文章对纽约男人和伦敦男人的比较，提到的男子气概、穿着打扮和幽默，约女性出门等方面，可知他们有幽默感，是讨女性喜欢的类型。dude意为“纨绔子弟，花花公子”，因此选C。

12.单选题

Oneofthereasonsforhispopularityinourvillageisthathe（）almosteveryoneeverytimewhenhecomesbackfromthebigcity.

问题1选项

A.asksafter

B.runsfor

C.bringsup

D.takesafter

【答案】A

【解析】askafter探问,问候；runfor竞选；bringup提出；takeafter与…相像。句意：他在我们村里受欢迎的原因之一是,他几乎每次从大城市回来都会问候所有人。选项A符合语境。

13.写作题

WritealettertothedeanofadepartmentofauniversityintheUnitedStates,applyingforadmittancetothedepartmentasavisitingscholar.

1.Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.

2.Thecontentsincludewhatyouaregoingtodointhedepartment,andtheexplanationofthesourceofyourlivingexpenses.

3.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“LiMing”instead.

4.Donotwritetheaddress.

【答案】DearSirorMadam,

MynameisLiMing.IamayoungteacherofEnglishfromWuhanUniversityofTechnology.IhavebeendevotingmyselftotranslationfromChineseintoEnglishandviceversaforquitealongtimeandhavepublishedalargenumberoftranslatedtexts.Butinmyowneyes,theyarefarfromperfect.Whyaretheyimperfect?Ithinktheyresultfromalackoftheguidanceoftranslationtheories,especiallyWesternones,whichwillundoubtedlydogoodtomyteachingcareerinChina.Undersuchcircumstances,IwishtofurthermyresearchbybeingavisitingscholarofyouruniversitybecauseIthinkhighlyofitsexcellentacademicatmosphere.Whenitcomestofinancialsupport,ChinaScholarshipCouncilhasdecidedtoprovidemewithscholarshipneededtostudyabroad.

IwouldappreciateitverymuchifyoucouldacceptmeasavisitingscholarandIamlookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon.

Yoursrespectfully

LiMing

14.单选题

Despitetheirgoodservice;mostinnsarelesscostlythanhotelsof（

）standards.

问题1选项

A.equivalent

B.alike

C.uniform

D.likely

【答案】A

【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项equivalent“相等的”；B选项alike“相似的”；C选项uniform“统一的”；D选项likely“可能的”。句意：尽管他们的服务好；但相对于同等标准的旅馆来说，大多数旅馆都更便宜。选项A符合句意。

15.单选题

Thegovernorwas______forwrongfuluseofstatemoney.

问题1选项

A.implanted

B.impended

C.imbued

D.impeached

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.implanted植入B.impended即将发生，正在逼近

C.imbued灌输，感染D.impeached弹劾，归咎

【答案】D

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据空格后的句子意思“因挪用州政府的资金”，结合选项意思可知，Thegovernorwas______表示“州长被弹劾了”；因此，该题选择D项符合句意。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C项都不符合语义逻辑。

【句意】这位州长因挪用州政府的资金而被弹劾。

16.单选题

Ifanopinioncontrarytoyourownmakesyouangry,thatisasignwhichyouaresubconsciouslyawareofhavingnogoodreasonforthinkingasyoudo.

问题1选项

A.contraryto

B.which

C.aware

D.asyoudo

【答案】B

【解析】考查同位语从句。根据句子结构可知，sign后面的句子是一个从句，根据从句的内容可知，这是对sign的补充说明，属于同位语从句，而which并不能引导同位语从句。句意：如果某一种与你相左的见解使你生气，那么这就是一种迹象，说明你潜意识地感到，你没法给自己的想法以充分的理由。因此，该题选择B项。

17.单选题

Asageneralrule,Dadisgenerous,butasamerchant,heusuallydrivesahard（

）.

问题1选项

A.bargain

B.deal

C.transaction

D.negotiation

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。driveahardbargain“讨价还价”。句意：一般来说，父亲是慷慨的，但是作为一个商人，他通常会讨价还价。选项A符合题意。

18.单选题

Itisour（

）policythatwewillachieveunitythroughpeacefulmeans.

问题1选项

A.consistent

B.continuous

C.considerate

D.continual

【答案】A

【解析】形近词辨析题。consistent始终如一的，坚持的；continuous连续的；considerate体贴的，考虑周到的；continual持续不断的，频繁的。

句意：通过和平的方式实现统一，这是我们一贯的政策。选项A符合句意。

19.单选题

Webeginbyconsideringthreepolicies—whatwemightcallidealtypesinreversethatnearlyallAmericanswouldrightfullyfindunacceptablefordifferentreasons:understandingwhythesepoliciesareunacceptablecanperhapsguideusasweseektodiscernthemostresponsibleand（

）policy.

问题1选项

A.negligent

B.middle-of-the-road

C.give-and-take

D.prudent

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项negligent“疏忽的；粗心大意的”；B选项middle-of-the-road“中庸的；走中间线路的”；C选项give-and-take“妥协的；互让的”；D选项prudent“谨慎的；精明的；明智的”。句意：我们首先考虑三种我们可以称之为理想类型的政策。反过来，几乎所有的美国人都会因为不同的原因正当地认为这些政策是不可接受的:理解为什么这些政策是不可接受的，或许可以指导我们寻找最负责任和最……的政策。D选项“谨慎的”更符合题意。

20.单选题

AfterSundaynight’sconcert,SteveandOtishadaloudargumentwiththebanddirector,which（）firstOtis’sdeparture,thenSteve’s.

问题1选项

A.contributed

B.highlighted

C.procrastinated

D.precipitated

【答案】D

【解析】动词词义辨析。contribute“贡献”；highlight“突出，强调”；procrastinate“耽搁”；precipitate“使坏事等突然发生”。句意：星期天晚上的音乐会之后，史蒂夫和奥蒂斯与乐队指挥大吵了一架，最终使史蒂夫和奥蒂斯突然离开。选项D符合题意。

21.单选题

ThisweekinJapan,some10,000（1）fromacrosstheglobewillmeettoexaminewhat,formanyoftheworld’spoorestpeople,areissuesoflifeanddeath.AtsessionsinKyoto,ShigaandOsaka,the3rdWorldWaterForumwill（2）acrisisthatcurrentlyforcesmorethanonebillionpeopleto（3）sourcescontaminatedwithhumanwaste,andleavescountlessmillionsmorewithinsufficientsuppliesto（4）theircrops,ortospurindustrialdevelopment.ThemeetingistheculminationoftheInternationalYearofFreshwater2003,declaredbytheUnitedNationsto（5）awarenessoftheworseningstateoftheworld’swaterresources.

（6）thatgoal,theforumcouldhardlyhavebeenheldatalessopportunemoment.EventsinIraqmaylimitmedia（7）ofthe3rdWorldWaterForumtomerefootnotestatus.“Ourdiscussionswillhavefarmoreeffectonhumankindinthetwenty-firstcenturythanthecurrentcrisisintheMiddleEast,”claimsWilliamCosgrove,vice-presidentoftheWorldWaterCouncil,athink-tankdedicatedto（8）waterresources.Buttheforum’sorganizersmustknowthatthereislittlehopeofgainingfirm（9）fromnationsthatare（10）war.

问题1选项

A.delegates

B.dedicates

C.dictators

D.decision-makers

问题2选项

A.spotlight

B.highlight

C.brighten

D.show

问题3选项

A.makeuseof

B.eatwith

C.drinkfrom

D.gropefor

问题4选项

A.plant

B.cultivate

C.transplant

D.water

问题5选项

A.realize

B.achieve

C.gain

D.raise

问题6选项

A.For

B.Butfor

C.Given

D.Giving

问题7选项

A.cover

B.covering

C.coverage

D.discover

问题8选项

A.improve

B.improving

C.promote

D.promoting

问题9选项

A.commitments

B.commitment

C.promises

D.promise

问题10选项

A.focusingwith

B.focusedwith

C.focusingon

D.focusedon

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:D

第6题:C

第7题:C

第8题:B

第9题:A

第10题:D

【解析】（1）名词词义辨析。delegate“代表”；dedicate“致力，动词”；dictator“独裁者”；decision-makers“决策者”。根据句子结构，可知空格填入一个名词，选项B可排除。句意：本周在日本，来自世界各地的约一万名代表将齐聚一堂，探讨对世界上许多最贫穷的人来说，什么是生死攸关的问题。选项A符合题意。

（2）动词词义辨析。spotlight“聚焦”；highlight“突出，强调”；brighten“使明亮”；show“展示，出示”。句意：在京都、志贺和大阪的会议上，第三节水资源大会将强调一场危机。选项B符合题意。

（3）词汇辨析。makeuseof“使用，利用”；drinkfrom“从……喝”；gropefor“探索”；eatwith“用……吃”。句意：目前迫使超过10亿人饮用被人类废弃物污染的水源。选项C符合题意。

（4）动词词义辨析。Plant“种植”；cultivate“培养，培育”；transplant“移植，迁移”；water“浇水”。句意：这使得数以百万计的人没有足够的水来灌溉他们的庄稼，或者刺激工业发展。选项D符合题意。

（5）动词词义辨析。realize“意识到，认识到”；achieve“实现，达到”；gain“获得，增加”；raise“提高，提升”。句意：提高对世界水资源日益恶化状况的认识。选项D符合题意。

（6）语法题。Given引导条件状语从句，表鉴于、出于。句意：鉴于这一目标，本会议几乎不可能在不合时宜的时候举行。选项C符合题意。

（7）固定搭配。Mediacoverage“媒体报道”。句意：伊拉克事件可能会将媒体对第三届世界水资源会议的报道限制在脚注地位。选项C符合题意。

（8）语法题。Dedicateto后接名词或动名词形式，因为to为介词。选项A和C可排除。Improve“改善”；promote“促进，提升”。句意：致力于改善水资源。选项B符合题意。

（9）词汇辨析。Promise和commitment都有承诺的意思，但promise用于口语中，随意一些，commitment用于正式语中，更加正式。选项C和D可排除。又因为空格后的nations为复数，所以commitment也应该保持一致。选项A符合题意。

（10）固定搭配。Befocusedon“集中注意力”，没有befocusedwith搭配，选项A和B可排除。句意：但是，该论坛的组织者必须知道，从关注战争的国家那里获得坚定承诺的希望微乎其微。选项D符合题意。

22.单选题

RobertSpring,a19thcenturyforger,wassogoodathisprofessionthathewasabletomakehislivingfor15yearsbysellingfalsesignaturesoffamousAmericans.SpringwasborninEnglandin1813andarrivedinPhiladelphiain1858toopenabookstore.AtfirstheprospectedbysellinghissmallbutgenuinecollectionofearlyUSautographs.Discoveringhisabilityatcopyinghandwriting,hebeganimitatingsignaturesofGeorgeWashingtonandBenFranklinandwritingthemonthetitlepagesofoldbooks.Tolessenthechanceofdetection,hesenthisforgeriestoEnglandandCanadaforsaleandcirculation.

Forgershaveahardtimesellingtheirproducts.Aforgercan'tapproacharespectablebuyerbutmustdealwithpeoplewhodon'thavemuchknowledgeinthefield.Forgershavemanywaystomaketheirworklookreal.Forexample,theybuyoldbookstousetheagedpaperofthetitlepage,andtheycantreatpaperandinkwithchemicals.

Inspring'stime,rightaftertheCivilWar.BritainwasstillfondoftheSouthernstates,soSpringinventedarespectablemaidenladyknownasMissFannyJackson,theonlydaughterofGeneral“Stonewall”Jackson.ForseveralyearsMissFanny'sfinancialproblemsforcedhertosellagreatnumberoflettersandmanuscriptsbelongingtoherfamousfather.Springhadtoworkveryhardtosatisfythedemand.AllthisactivitydidnotpreventSpringfromdyinginpoverty,leavingsharp-eyedexpertsthedifficulttaskofseparatinghisforgeriesformtheoriginals.

1.WhydidSpringsellhisfalseautographsinEnglandandCanada?

2.AftertheCivilWartherewasagreatdemandinBritainfor（）.

3.RobertSpringspent15years（）.

4.WhowasMissFannyJackson?

5.HowdidRobertSpringstarttosellforgeries?

6.AllofthefollowingarewaysaforgerusesEXCEPT（）.

7.WecaninferthatGeneral“StonewallJackson”was（）.

8.Wecaninferthatsharp-eyedexpertsarethosewho（）.

问题1选项

A.TherewasagreaterdemandtherethaninAmerican.

B.Therewaslesschanceofbeingdetectedthere.

C.BritainwasSpring'sbirthplace.

D.ThepriceswerehigherinEnglandandCanada.

问题2选项

A.southernmoney

B.signatureofGeorgeWashingtonandBenFranklin

C.southernmanuscriptsandletters

D.CivilWarbattleplans

问题3选项

A.runningabookstoreinPhiladelphia

B.correspondingwithMissFannyJackson

C.asaforger

D.asrespectabledealer

问题4选项

A.TheonlydaughterofGeneral“Stonewall”Jackson.

B.Alittleknowngirlwhosoldherfather'spapertoRobertSpring.

C.RobertSpring'sdaughter.

D.AnimaginarypersoncreatedbySpring

问题5选项

A.Hediscoveredthathehadtheabilityofcopyinghandwriting.

B.Hewasalmostdyinginpoverty.

C.ThecollectionofearlyUSautographswasallsoldout.

D.Hewastryingtomakealiving.

问题6选项

A.Buyingoldbookstousetheagedpaperofthetitlepage

B.treatingpaperwithchemicals

C.treatinginkwithchemicals

D.addingnewpaperintotheoldbooks

问题7选项

A.arealperson

B.animaginaryperson

C.anunknownperson

D.notageneralatall

问题8选项

A.havegoodeyesighttoreadbooks

B.arehighlyskilledatdistinguishingtheforgeriesandtheoriginals

C.haveakeeninsightintounderstandingworldaffairs

D.canseefarintothedistance

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:A

第6题:D

第7题:A

第8题:B

【解析】1.根据关键词“EnglandandCanada”定位到第一段最后一句“Tolessenthechanceofdetection,hesenthisforgeriestoEnglandandCanadaforsaleandcirculation.”Spring将赝品送到英国和加拿大售卖是因为被查到的机会更小,选项B符合原文。

2.根据第三段的内容可知,美国内战之后,英国人依然对南部各州情有独钟。于是Spring虚构出Jackson将军的独生女,因贫困卖掉大量属于她著名父亲的信件和手稿。所以选项C符合原文。

3.根据关键词“15years”定位到第一段第一句“RobertSpring,a19thcenturyforger,wassogoodathisprofessionthathewasabletomakehislivingfor15yearsbysellingfalsesignaturesoffamousAmericans.”19世纪的伪造者RobertSpring非常擅长自己的职业,他靠出售美国名人的假签名谋生15年。所以选项C正确。

4.根据第三段的内容以及关键词“invented”可知,FannyJackson只是Spring虚构出来的一个人物,目的是为了售卖他造假的Jackson将军的手稿和信件,所以选项D正确。

5.根据第一段倒数第二句“Discoveringhisabilityatcopyinghandwriting,hebeganimitatingsignaturesofGeorgeWashingtonandBenFranklinandwritingthemonthetitlepagesofoldbooks.”当他发现自己有抄写笔迹的能力,于是开始模仿乔治•华盛顿和本•富兰克林的签名,并把它们写在旧书的扉页上。选项A符合原文。

6.根据第二段的最后两句可知“theybuyoldbookstousetheagedpaperofthetitlepage,andtheycantreatpaperandinkwithchemicals.”他们买旧书来使用扉页的旧纸,他们可以用化学物质处理纸张和墨水。只有选项D没有提及。

7.根据第三段的内容可知,虽然FannyJackson是Spring虚构的人物,但“石墙”将军这个人是真实存在的,因为Spring所造假的手稿和信件是这位将军