考研考博-英语-云南商务职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-云南商务职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Forsomepeoplebroughtupinthisperiod,thehabitsof（）dutylastedforthewholeoftheirlifetime.

问题1选项

A.capricious

B.callous

C.filial

D.elusive

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。capricious“任性的”；callous“无情的，麻木的”；filial“孝顺的”；elusive“难懂的；难捉摸的”。句意：对于这个时期长大的一些人来说，孝顺长辈的习惯伴随他们一生。选项C符合题意。

2.单选题

Hearguedthatthe（）offirearmsinAmericaisanillegalact,anddegradesthevaluesthiscountrywasfoundedon.

问题1选项

A.banning

B.prohibit

C.vote

D.forbid

【答案】A

【解析】近义词词义辨析。根据句意可知，这里应填入禁止的名词形式。只有选项A符合句意。

3.单选题

Hislicensehasbeen____owingtohisdrunkendriving.

问题1选项

A.demanded

B.charged

C.suspended

D.recognized

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.demanded要求；需要B.charged要价；收费；指控；冲

C.suspended暂停；使暂停使用D.recognized承认；意识到

【考查点】语义衔接

【解题思路】空格部分的语义为“他的驾照被____”，后文提到“因为他酒驾”，根据句意可推断，他因为酒后驾驶，被吊销了驾照。因此，C选项suspended“暂停；使暂停使用”符合原句语义衔接。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项不符合原句语义衔接。

【句意】因为酒后驾驶，他的驾照被吊销了。

4.单选题

Hewilllive（

）whathisparentsexpectofhim.

问题1选项

A.on

B.off

C.upto

D.to

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配。根据固定搭配liveupto“不辜负，达到”，liveon“以……为食”；liveoff“依靠……生活”；liveto“活到……岁”，句子要表达的意思是“他将不会辜负父母对他的期望”，因此选项C符合题意。

5.单选题

Whenhetriedtomakea（

）,hefoundthatthehotelwascompletelyfilledbecauseofaconvention.

问题1选项

A.claim

B.booking

C.revision

D.reservation

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。claim意为“声称”；booking意为“预约，预定”；revision意为“修订，修改”；reservation意为“预订，预约”。makeareservation比较正式、规范；makeabooking更口语化。

句意：当他想订房时，他发现想入住的酒店由于有一个会议而住满了。

6.单选题

Manyphotographersprefertotakepictures（）,whentheycantakeadvantageofthespecialeffectsofthesettingsun.

问题1选项

A.atnoon

B.attwilight

C.inthemorning

D.inthefall

【答案】B

【解析】考查介词短语。句意：当它们能够利用落日的特殊效果时，很多摄影师更喜欢在黄昏拍照。根据关键词thesettingsun，中文翻译为：落日，判断出B为正确答案。

7.单选题

（）dullhemaybe,heiscertainlyaverysuccessfultopexecutive.

问题1选项

A.Although

B.Whatever

C.As

D.However

【答案】D

【解析】考查让步状语的连接词。修饰形容词dull的词必须为副词，although和as是连词，后面接句子，因此排除A和C；whatever后面接名词，因此排除B。howeverdullhemaybe表示不管他有多迟钝，因此D选项正确。

8.单选题

Nobodylikestaxes.

Nowthat’safairlysafestatementtomake.IknowIdon’t.OneofthereasonsImovedbacktotheUSfromCanada,isthatAmericanspayfarfewertaxesthanCanadiansdo.Infact,itseemstobepartoftheAmericandreamtoavoidpayinganytaxes.Wedon’twanttopaythemontheInternet.Manystatesdon’twanttheircitizenstopaystatetaxes.Andahugefederalincometaxcutwasjustpushedthrough.

Andnodoubttherearestillpeoplewhothinkwepaytoomanytaxes.ButthepeopleofBraintree,Massachusetts,mightbethinkingdifferently.Braintreehasaproblem.NotonceinthepasttwodecadesdidthetownpassresolutionsthatignoredProposition2.5—thelawthatsaysthetowngovernmentcannotraiseeachyear’staxlevymorethan2.5percentabovethepreviousyear’scharges.Nordidtheyfloatanybondstopayfordebt.Braintreeisalsoafairlybustlingcommercialtown.WhichmeanthatresidenttaxrateswereamongthelowestintheBostonarea.

Butthere’soneproblem.Braintreeis,well,fallingapart.Especiallyitsschools.Whileeverybodywaspattinghimselforherselfonthebackforkeepingtaxesdown,school,roads,bridgesandthelikeweregrowingolderandweren’treceivingtheattentiontheyneeded.Buteveniftheydidgettheattention,notmuchcouldbedonebecausetherewasn’tenoughmoneyinthetown’skittytopayforneededrepair.Butasmymotherwouldsay,onecanonlyignoretheelephantinthelivingroomforsolong.Andnowit’stimetopayup.Theschooldepartmentwants$100milliontofixtheschools.Millionsmorewillbeneededforroadrepairsandfixingthetown’sworseningwaterandsewerlines.

Boy,ohboy,peoplearegoingtohaveSOMEkindoftaxbillinBraintreethisyear.Andprobablyforthenextfewyearsaswell.Anddon’tforget,thissituationaffectsmorethanjustthetown’sinfrastructure.Realestatepriceswillsufferaswell.Whowantstomovetoatownwithfallingschools,badroads,andquestionablewater?

Thereisalessoninallthis—notpayingenoughtaxisjustasbadaspayingtoomuchtax.TherearesomepeopleintheUSwhopointoutthatalltaxmoneyshouldbegivenbacktoindividuals,notthevariousbranchesofgovernment.It’sourmoney,theycry.Inoneway,agreewiththem,itisourmoney.Butthefacttheyconvenientlyforget—orignore—isthatthemoneythegovernmentkeepsis“our”moneyaswell.That’sbecauseitpaysforOURschools,OURroads,OURmilitary,OURcommunitiesinneedofhelpaftereventslikefloodsorotherdisasters.

1.InwhatwaymightpeopleofBraintreethinkdifferentaboutpayingtaxes?

2.WhatmakestheauthorcometotheconclusionthatpeopleinBraintreepaythelowesttaxratesintheBostonareaisthefactthat________.

3.WhatistheallegedproblemthatfacesBraintreeatpresent?

4.Whentheauthorquotesfromhismotherthat“onecanonlyignoretheelephantinthelivingroomforsolong”(thefourthparagraph),hemeansthat________.

5.Withregardtopayingtaxes,theauthorisactuallysayingthat________.

问题1选项

A.Theythinkthegovernment’staxcutplanisimpracticable.

B.Theythinktheyhavebeenpayingtoomanytaxes.

C.Theythinkthetowngovernmentmisusethetaxestheyhavepaid.

D.Theythinkpayingenoughtaxesisnecessarytokeepingthingsgoing.

问题2选项

A.thetownhasneverchangeditstaxationlawinthelast20years

B.thetownhasbeenafast-developingone

C.thetownhasneverfloatedbondstopayitsdebtinthelast20years

D.manymoreschools,roadsandthelikehavebeenbuiltrecently

问题3选项

A.Nooneiswillingtopayanytaxes.

B.Notenoughattentionispaidtoeducations.

C.Thetownnothaveenoughmoneytoexpanditsinfrastructure.

D.Thetowndoesnotcollectenoughtaxestokeepitselfingoodshape.

问题4选项

A.onehastotastethebitterresultifheisblindtoaproblem

B.keepingeverythingingoodorderistooheavyaburdenforasmalltown

C.oneshouldneverkeepanelephantinhislivingroomforlong

D.smalltownshouldnotlevytooheavyataxagainstpeople’swill

问题5选项

A.payingenoughtaxesisthecitizen’sobligation

B.hedoesnotliketaxesandwouldavoidthemifhecould

C.thegovernmentshouldnotabusethetaxes

D.thegovernmentshouldnotlevytooheavyatax

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】1.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第一、二句Andnodoubttherearestillpeoplewhothinkwepaytoomanytaxes.ButthepeopleofBraintree,Massachusetts,mightbethinkingdifferently.（毫无疑问，仍然有人认为我们纳税太多。但是马萨诸塞州布伦特里人可能想法不同。）和第四段第一、二句Butthere’soneproblem.Braintreeis,well,fallingapart.（但有一个问题。布伦特里正在分崩离析。），可知布伦特里人不认为他们纳税过多，相反因为纳税过少导致问题出现，D选项“他们认为付足够的税是维持生活的必要条件”正确；B选项“他们认为他们已经纳税太多”不符合文章内容，属于反向干扰。A选项“他们认为政府的减税计划行不通”和C选项“他们认为市政府滥用他们缴纳的税款”：文中没有提到政府减税和政府滥用税款，属于无中生有。因此D选项正确。

2.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据第三段倒数第三句Nordidtheyfloatanybondstopayfordebt.（他们也没有发行任何债券来偿还债务。），可知C选项“在过去的20年里，这个城镇从未发行过债券来偿还债务”正确。A选项“在过去的20年里，这个城镇从未改变过税法”：根据第三段第四句NotonceinthepasttwodecadesdidthetownpassresolutionsthatignoredProposition2.5（在过去的20年里，该镇从未通过无视2.5号提案的决议），没有提到关于纳税的所有法规都没有通过，只是关于其中一项没有改变，属于曲解原文。B选项“这个城镇发展很快”：根据第三段倒数第二句Braintreeisalsoafairlybustlingcommercialtown.（布伦特里还是一个相当繁华的商业小镇。），但这不等同于小镇发展速度很快，属于曲解原文。D选项“最近修建了更多的学校、道路和类似的东西”：根据第四段第四句school,roads,bridgesandthelikeweregrowingolderandweren’treceivingtheattentiontheyneeded（学校、道路、桥梁等设施的年久失修，并没有得到应有的关注），可知不符合文章内容，属于反向干扰。因此C选项正确。

3.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第四段第四、五句school,roads,bridgesandthelikeweregrowingolderandweren’treceivingtheattentiontheyneeded.Buteveniftheydidgettheattention,notmuchcouldbedonebecausetherewasn’tenoughmoneyinthetown’skittytopayforneededrepair.（学校、道路、桥梁等设施的年久失修，并没有得到应有的关注。但即使人们注意到了，也做不了什么，因为镇上没有足够的钱来支付必要的维修费用。），可知问题的根源在于没有钱，而这是因为征税不足，D选项“这个城镇没有征收足够的税来保持良好发展”正确；不修缮学校不是因为不重视教育，而是缺少资金，B选项“对教育不够重视”属于曲解原文；这里提到的不是扩大基础设施，只是对其进行维修，C选项“这个城镇没有足够的钱来扩大它的基础设施”属于曲解原文。A选项“没有人愿意交税”：根据第五段Boy,ohboy,peoplearegoingtohaveSOMEkindoftaxbillinBraintreethisyear…Whowantstomovetoatownwithfallingschools,badroads,andquestionablewater?（天啊，天啊，今年在布伦特里的人们要交某种税了……谁愿意搬到一个学校破败、道路糟糕、水源问题丛生的小镇？），这里暗指人们愿意交税，不符合文章内容，属于反向干扰。

因此D选项正确。

4.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第四段第六、七句Butasmymotherwouldsay,onecanonlyignoretheelephantinthelivingroomforsolong.Andnowit’stimetopayup.（就像我妈妈常说的，人们只能忽视客厅里的大象这么久了。现在是时候付钱了。），客厅里的大象是非常明显的现象，指的是纳税不足导致的各种问题，而这个问题如果不解决，迟早有一天会严重到不得不解决的独步，A选项“如果一个人对问题视而不见，就会尝到苦果”正确；C选项“一个人不应该把大象长时间放在客厅里”仅仅解释了字面意思，没有解释内涵，属于偷换概念；这里表达的意思是需要增税，D选项“小镇不应该征收违背人们意愿的重税”属于反向干扰。B选项“对于一个小镇来说，保持一切井井有条负担太沉重”：文中没有提到，属于无中生有。因此A选项正确。

5.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。作者在第一、二段阐述不想纳税的观点，随后举出布伦特因为纳税不够而导致问题的例子，在最后一段总结征税过多和过少都会导致问题，并且强调政府的钱最后用于公民的生活，A选项“缴纳足够的税款是公民的义务”正确；D选项“不应征税过重”文中有提到，但是不是重点，属于曲解原文。B选项“他不喜欢税收，如果可能，他会尽量避免”：作者在开头提出不喜欢征税的观点是为了吸引读者注意和欲扬先抑，这不是作者想要表达的核心观点，属于反向干扰。C选项“不应滥用税收”：文中没有提到政府滥用税收，属于无中生有。因此A选项正确。

9.单选题

Ihadanexperiencesomeyearsagowhichtaughtmesomethingaboutthewaysinwhichpeoplemakeabadsituationworsebyblamingthemselves.OneJanuary,Ihadtoofficiateattwofuneralsonsuccessivedaysfor“fullofyears”astheBiblewouldsay;bothyieldedtothenormalwearingoutofthebodyafteralongandfulllife.Theirhomeshappenedtobeneareachother,soIpaidcondolencecallsonthetwofamiliesonthesameafternoon.

Atthefirsthome,thesonofthedeceasedwomansaidtome,“IfonlyIhadsentmymothertoFloridaandgottenheroutofthiscoldandsnow,shewouldbealivetoday.It’smyfaultthatshedied.”Atthesecondhome,thesonoftheotherdeceasedwomansaid,“IfonlyIhadn’tinsistedonmymother’sgoingtoFlorida,shewouldbealivetoday.Thatlongairplaneride,theabruptchangeofclimate,wasmorethanshecouldtake.It’smyfaultthatshe’sdead.”

Whenthingsdon’tturnoutaswewouldlikethemto,itisverytemptingtoassumethathadwedonethingsdifferently,thestorywouldhavehadahappierending.Priestsknowthatanytimethereisadeath,thesurvivorswillfeelguilty.Becausethecourseofactiontheytookturnedoutbadly,theybelievedthattheoppositecourse—keepingMotherathome,postponingtheoperationthatwouldhaveturnedoutbetter.Afterall,howcouldhaveturnedoutanyworse?

Thereseemtobetwoelementsinvolvedinourreadinesstofeelguilty.Thefirstisourpressingneedtobelievethattheworldmakessense,thatthereisacauseforeveryeffectandareasonforeverythingthathappens.Thatleadsustofindpatternsandconnectionsbothwheretheyreallyexistandwheretheyexistonlyinourminds.

Thesecondelementisthenotionthatwearethecauseofwhathappens,especiallythebadthingsthathappen.Itseemstobeashortstepfrombelievingthateveryeventhasacausetobelievingthateverydisasterisourfault.Therootsoffeelingmaylieinourchildhood.Psychologistsspeakoftheinfantilemythofomnipotence.Ababycomestothinkthattheworldexiststomeethisneeds,andthathemakeseverythinghappeninit.Hewakesupinthemorningandsummonstherestoftheworldtoitstasks.Hecries,andsomeonecomestoattendtohim.Whenheishungry,peoplefeedhim,andwhenheiswet,peoplechangehim.Veryoften,wedonotcompletelyoutgrowthatinfantilenotionthatourwishescausethingstohappen.

1.Whatissaidaboutthetwodeceasedelderlywoman?

2.Theauthorhadtoconductthetwowomen’sfuneralsprobablybecause（

）.

3.Peoplefeelguiltyforthedeathsoftheirlovedonesbecause

（

）.

4.Inthecontextofthepassage,“...theworldmakessense”(Line2,Para.4)probablymeansthat

（

）.

5.Peoplehavebeenmadetobelievesinceinfancythat（

）.

问题1选项

A.Theylivedoutanaturallife.

B.Theydiedofexhaustionafterthelongplaneride.

C.Theyweren’taccustomedtothechangeinweather.

D.Theydiedduetolackofcarebyfamilymembers.

问题2选项

A.hewantedtoconsolethetwofamilies

B.hewasanofficialfromthecommunity

C.hehadgreatsympathyforthedeceased

D.hewaspriestofthelocalchurch

问题3选项

A.theycouldn’tfindabetterwaytoexpresstheirgrief

B.theybelievethattheywereresponsible

C.theyhadneglectedthenaturalcourseofevents

D.theydidn’tknowthingsoftenturnoutintheoppositedirection

问题4选项

A.everythingintheworldispredetermined

B.theworldcanbeinterpretedindifferentways

C.there’sanexplanationforeverythingintheworld

D.wehavetobesensibleinordertounderstandtheworld

问题5选项

A.everybodyisattheircommand

B.lifeanddeathisanunsolvedmystery

C.everystoryshouldhaveahappyending

D.theirwishesarethecauseofeverythingthathappens

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.細节事实题。根据文章第一段的OneJanuary,Ihadtoofficiateattwofuneralsonsuccessivedaysfor“fullofyears”astheBiblewouldsay;bothyieldedtothenormalwearingoutofthebodyafteralongandfulllife(那是在一月，我连着为两位年迈的老人主持葬礼,正如圣经中所说，这两位老人都是在经历了漫长和完整的人生之后的身体正常耗尽)可知选项A“两位老人终其天年”与文章意思相符。

2.判断推理题。题目是问“作者需要为两位老人办理丧事的原因有可能是什么。选项A:因为作者想安慰这两个家，B:因为作者是那个社区的公务人员，C:因为作者对死者怀有无限同情和D:因为作者是当地教堂的牧师，并且根据原文Ihadtoofficiateattwofuneralsonsuccessivedaysfor“fullofyears”as...中的关键词officiate“主持宗教仪式”和onsuccessivedays“连续”可知极有可能的原因是选项D。

3.细节事实题。根据题干信息Peoplefeelguiltyforthedeathsoftheirloved定位至第三段:Priestsknowthatanytimethereisadeath,thesurvivorswillfeelguilty.,而后面紧接着说到原因:Becausethecourseofactiontheytookturnedoutbadly,theybelievedthattheoppositecourse—keepingMotherathome,postponingtheoperationthatwouldhaveturnedoutbetter(当他们的行动计划引起了坏的结果时，他们就会相信如果当初采取不同的行动计划，如将母亲留在家里以及将计划延期，那么结果就会好很多)，由此可知人们通常会对至亲的去世感到内疚是因为他们认为自己对于至亲的去世负有贵任，即选项B。

4.语义题。第四段主要是对我们常常会感到自责的原因之一的介绍，根据这—段中的Thefirstisourpressingneedtobelievethattheworldmakessense,thatthereisacauseforeveryeffectandareasonforeverythingthathappens.“一方面是因为我们非常相信世界自有其道理，也就是说世间的一切都有某发生存在的原因”可知theworldmakessense意思是世间的一切都有其发生存在的原因，故答案选项为C。

5.细节事实题。根据文章最后一句话Veryoften,wedonotcompletelyoutgrowthatinfantilenotionthatourwishescausethingstohappen.“通常，我们都没有从那个婴儿时期形成的观念中摆脱出来，即一切事件都发生都取决于我们自身的意念”，故答案选项为D“他们自身的意念是导致一切发生的根本原因”。

10.单选题

Themenwerefullof（）becausetheythoughttheirfriendshadbeenunjustlypunished.

问题1选项

A.diagnosis

B.indigestion

C.indignation

D.aggression

【答案】C

【解析】句意:这些人非常愤怒，因为他们认为他们的朋友受到了不公正的惩罚。

考查名词辨析。diagnosis诊断，结论；indigestion消化不良，难理解；indignation愤怒，愤慨;aggression侵略。故C符合句意。

11.单选题

HefirstreadthisbookbyborrowingitfromhisChineseclassmateatOxford.Andhewassoenchanted.Inordertotranslateit,heevenresignedfromhischairatOxford.

问题1选项

A.contented

B.fascinated

C.frustrated

D.astonished

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.contented（尤指因生活好而）满意的，惬意的B.fascinated入迷的，极感兴趣的

C.frustrated无效的，没有得到满足的D.astonished吃惊的

【答案】B

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】enchanted的意思为“着了魔的；极乐的”，在这里指的是看到这本书被深深地吸引，非常高兴和激动，fascinated与之词义相近，因此B选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】他第一次读这本书是从他在牛津大学的中国同学那里借来读的，然后就被迷住了。为了翻译这本书，他甚至辞去了牛津大学的教职。

12.单选题

Whilewatchingtelevision____.

问题1选项

A.thetelephonerang

B.weheardthetelephonering

C.weheardthetelephonerang

D.thetelephonewasrung

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.thetelephonerang电话响了B.weheardthetelephonering我们听见电话响了

C.weheardthetelephonerang我们听见电话响了D.thetelephonewasrung电话被响

【答案】B

【考查点】非谓语动词

【解题思路】由前文现在分词形式的非谓语watchingtelevision可知，该句主语应该是主动看电视的，结合选项，主语应该是人——we“我们”；hear后面接宾语和宾语补足语，非谓语动词形式为do/doing，hearsbdo“听见某人做某事的全过程”，hearsbdoing“听见某人做某事”，该语境中，听见电话响，电话响是非常短的一个过程，原句表达的应该是听见电话响了，而不是听见电话正在响，更何况，选项中也没有现在分词形式。因此，B选项weheardthetelephonering“我们听见电话响了”形式正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项thetelephonerang，主语不对；

C选项weheardthetelephonerang，rang的形式不对；

D选项thetelephonewasrung；主语不对。

【句意】我们在看电视时听到电话铃响了。

13.单选题

Whenthepressreleasearrivedinourinboxes,weknewwhatwouldhappennext.ANobellaureatehadstatedthatantioxidantsupplements“mayhavecausedmorecancersthantheyhaveprevented.”

Eventhemostfad-friendlysectionsoftheUKmediawereboundtocoverthestory.

Inreality,ProfessorJamesWatsonwasonlyrestatingwhatweatCancerResearchUKhavebeenpointingoutforyears.Largestudieshaverepeatedlyshownthat,withthepossibleexceptionofvitaminD,antioxidantsupplementshavenegligiblepositiveeffectonhealthypeople,atleastintermsofimportantthingssuchaspreventingpeoplegettingcancerordyingprematurely.Andsomesupplements—notablyvitaminsA,Eandbeta-carotene—evenseemtoslightlyraisetheriskofdiseaseandearlydeath.

It’satopicweatCancerResearchUKcomebacktoagainandagainonourscienceblogandonoursocialmediapages.Buthugeswatchesofthepublicremainconvincedthat“antioxidant”isabywordfor“healthy.”

What’ssointerestingabouttheantioxidantmythisitswiderculturalandsocialdimension.Whyisthisperceptionsohardtoshift?Andisthereanythingwecandoaboutit?

Onepossiblereasonforourfirmattitudesisthewidespreaduseoftheword“antioxidants”inadvertsproclaimingthehealthbenefitsofvariousfoodsanddrinks.Thisisn’tforwantofregulation,andtheAdvertisingStandardsAuthorityhaverepeatedlyupheldcomplaintsaboutadvertsthatmakeunsupportedclaimsaboutantioxidants’benefits.

Butthemuchweakerclaimthataproductmerely“containshighlevelsofantioxidants”leaveshealthclaimsimplicit,andkeepsregulatorsatbay.Abrandof“super-broccoli”—launchedwithmuchapublicspectacleinlate2011—wasbredtocontainhighlevelsofachemicalthatultimately,accordingtotheproduct’swebsite,“boostsourbody’sAntioxidantEnzymelevels.”Sogoodit’scapitalized.

Sotherelentlessdrip-dripofhealthproductadvertising—particularlyagainstabackgroundofcontinualreportsofBritain’sill-health—makesourtrenchantholdontheantioxidantsmythallthemoreunderstandable.Weneedthisstuff,we’retold.

Butthere’sprobablyadeeperreasonforourcollectiverefusaltoswallowthebitterpillofscientificevidence.Theactual,proventhingsthatcanreduceourrisksofcancer,heartdisease,diabetes—andalltheotherchronicnastiesthatcomewithanageingpopulation—aresomewhatmoreuninteresting.Don’tsmoke.Stayinshape.Eatabalanceddiet.Limitalcoholintake.Keepactive.Thisishardwork.

Andastheresolution-fillednewyearkicksin,theexcitingprospectofahealthierlifeisreplacedbytherealizationthatbeinghealthyisalong-termproject.Poppingapillinsteadofgoingtothegymisatemptingprospectformanyofus.Confirmatorybiasisapowerfulthing.

ButtheUKpopulationisageing,andlikelytoplaceagreaterburdenontheNHSinfuture.Weoweittoourselves,andthosewillbepayingforourcare,tomakesurewe’reashealthyaspossibleforaslongaspossible.Puttingourfaithinaword,andapill—howevercomfortingitmaysound—todothisforusisamirageandafallacy.Antioxidantsdonotprolongourlivesnorpreventcancer,despitewhatwewanttobelieve.

1.ThereferencetoaNobellaureate’scommentonantioxidantsupplementsisto（）.

2.Whatdoestheauthorsaythatleadstopeople’sstrongbeliefinantioxidants?

3.Itcanbeconcludedthatpeople’scollectivebeliefinantioxidantsisNOTbasedon（）.

4.Whatistheauthor’sopinionoftakingantioxidantsupplements?

问题1选项

A.introduceatopic

B.reinforceanargument

C.enrichthedescription

D.confirmahypothesis

问题2选项

A.Thelackofregulation.

B.Thewidespreadinseminationofmedicalknowledge.

C.The“super-broccoli”story.

D.Theoverwhelminghealthproductcommercials.

问题3选项

A.deeply-rootedculturalperception

B.thecontinualreportsofBritain’sillhealth

C.theexistingprovenknowledge

D.confirmatorybiases

问题4选项

A.Keepingfitmeansbuildingamirage.

B.Antioxidantsprovideapromisingfutureprospect.

C.Keepingfitinvolvesmorethantakingantioxidants.

D.Antioxidantscanhelpstopageing.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:C

【解析】第1题:1.根据文章内容可知,作者在第一段并没有提出任何观点,而是通过引用诺贝尔奖获得者的评论来引出接下来要讨论的问题,所以选项A正确。

2.根据第六段第一句“Onepossiblereasonforourfirmattitudesisthewidespreaduseoftheword“antioxidants”inadvertsproclaimingthehealthbenefitsofvariousfoodsanddrinks.”一个可能原因是,在宣传各种食品和饮料对健康有益的广告中,“抗氧化剂”一词被广泛使用。选项D符合原文。

3.根据第九段的第一句“Butthere’sprobablyadeeperreasonforourcollectiverefusaltoswallowthebitterpillofscientificevidence.”但是,我们集体拒绝吞下科学证据的苦果,可能还有更深层次的原因。这里指人们不愿相信已经证实的科学依据,所以选项C正确。

4.根据最后一段最后一句“Antioxidantsdonotprolongourlivesnorpreventcancer...”抗氧化剂并不能延长我们的寿命,也不能预防癌症。也就是说,保持健康不仅仅是服用抗氧化剂就可以的。选项C符合原文。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

14.单选题

Hotmetal______asitgrowscooler.

问题1选项

A.contracts

B.reduces

C.condenses

D.compresses

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项contract“收缩、订约”；B项reduce“减少”；C项condense“浓缩、凝结”；D项compress“压缩、压紧、精简”；句意：热金属一变冷就收缩。因此该题A项正确。

15.单选题

“ThatEnglishfellow’ssongsareveryportic.”“（）thewordstothesongs,buthealsocomposesthemusic.”

问题1选项

A.Healsowrite

B.Althoughhewrites

C.Notonlydoeshewrite

D.Itisnotallthathewrites

【答案】C

【解析】notonly...butalso...为固定搭配。句意：他不仅自己作词,还自己作曲。

16.翻译题

PutthefollowingtwopassagesintoEnglish.

两年的研究表明，上网次数多的人与较少的人相比，即使是一周仅上网几小时也会经常地感觉到沮丧和孤独。这不是说己经有不良感觉的人在网上花费了更多的时间而是说使用英特网似乎确实诱发了人们的不良感觉。研究人员对这些结果困惑不解，因为这与他们的预料截然相反。他们顶测，与电视相比，从社会角度来说，上网可能更健康一些，因为网络允许使用者选择自己想要的信息和别人交流。

历史记载人类进入文明社会以来的思想和行为--不管是发生在昨天，还是去年，也不管是发生在一百年前，还是甚至在一千年前。由于人不是孤单地生存的，所以历史必然要涉及社会群体，尤其是国家和民族。正如传记描写个人的一生，历史记述人类社会的兴起、发展和袞亡。历史已经成为对某个民族的整个文化的记载，因此历史学家需要了解这个民族的衣食住行，了解他们的社会分工、学术流派、宗教迷信和娱乐庆典。

【答案】Thetwo-yearstudyindicatedthat,comparedwithpeoplewhologgedontheInternetlessfrequently,thepeoplewhologgedonmorealsooftensufferedpressureandlonelinessevenincaseofspendingjustafewhoursaweekontheInternet.ThisisabouttheusageoftheInternetactuallyappearedtocausethepeopletohavebadfeelingsratherthanmoretimespentbywhohadalreadybadfeelings.Theresearcherswerepuzzledbytheresults,whichwerecontrarytotheirexpectations.TheyconcludedthattheInternetmaybesociallyhealthierthantelevision,becauseitallowsuserstochoosewhatinformationtheywanttocommunicatewithothers

Historyrecordsallthoughtsandactionsofmanfromthebeginningofcivilizedsociety—nomattersuchthoughtsandactionshappenedyesterdayorlastyearorahundredorathousandyearsago.Sincemandoesnotlivealone,historymustinvolvesocialgroups,especiallystatesandnations.Justasbiographydescribesindividuallife,historyrelatestherise,progressanddeclineofhumansocieties.Historybecomesanaccountoftheentirecultureofpeople,sohistoriansneedtotheirbasicnecessities,theirsocialdivisionoflabour,academicschools,religioussuperstitionsandentertainmentcelebrations.

17.单选题

Theyconsideritquestionablethatthesedefense-linkedresearchprojectswillaccountforanimprovementinthestandardoflivingor,（

）,domuchtoprotectourdiminishingresources.

问题1选项

A.incidentally

B.actually

C.alternatively

D.accordingly

【答案】C

【解析】考查副词辨析。incidentally意为“偶然，附带地”；actually意为“实际上”；alternatively意为“(引出第二种选择或可能的建议)要不，或者”；accordingly意为“因此，于是”。

句意：他们认为这些与国防有关的研究项目是否能提高人们的生活水平或者能保护我们日益减少的资源是值得怀疑的。

18.单选题

Bartendersarerarelyshyaboutofferinganopinion.ButonarecenteveningattheFinboroughWineCafe,inbetweenpoursofBeaujolais,thebartenderVanBadhamwasmemorablyonpointaboutthenewplay“MirrorTeeth”beingperformedinanupstairsroom:AChristopher-Durang-meets-Caryl-Churchillsatireaboutracism,sexandcontrolintheBritishfamily.

Ms.Badham,itwaslaterrevealed,doublesastheliterarymanagerfortheFinboroughTheater,whichhasbeenatenantatthepubsince1980.NeilMcPherson,thetheater’sartisticdirectoranditsonlysalariedemployee,saidseveralcompanymemberstendedbartomakeendsmeet,giventhattheyarepaidbythetheateronlyifaproductionturnsaprofit.Nosuccessistoosmall:Heoncedoledout£1.18toeachcrewmemberafteroneplayinthe50-seattheaterdidabitbetterthanbreakeven.

“Theactorsdon’tgetpaid,either,notusually，”Mr.McPhersonsaid,sittingonthesnugstageafter“MirrorTeeth”hadconcludedthatnight.“Butifyou’vebeenstuckinPhantom’for10yearsandyou’reaboutreadytoslityourwrists,andyoucravedoingsomeproperacting,youcandothathere.”

LikethestorefronttheatersceneinChicago,ortheoutdoorproductionsinparks,playgroundsandcarlotsacrossNewYorkinthesummer,pubtheatersareabelovedpartoftheplay-makingtraditioninEngland,especiallyLondon.TheirlineageextendstotheRestoration,whenactingtroupestookoveremptydiningroomsabovepubstoperformplaysofvulgarmaterialthatwentwellwithapint.LatertheVictorian-eramusichalls--awildlypopularamusementfortheworkingclasses—gottheirstartinsaloonbars.

Pubtheatersproliferatedinthe1970sand1980swiththeincreaseintheatercompaniesofyoungartistsandin-houseplaywrightswantingtodoseriousworkonshoestringbudgetsincloseproximitytoaudiences.

“Whatworksinourfavoristheintimacyoftheexperience，”saidTimRoseman，whosharesthejobofartisticdirectoratanotherpubspace,Theater503，withPaulRobinson.“Yougenuinelyfeelyouareinthesameroomastheactors,thatyoubreathethecharacters’air,andthismakesforanelectrifyingexperience.

Mr.Robinsonadded:“It’simpossibletocreatethatintensitywhenthereare1,000peoplewatching.

1.AccordingtoParagraph1,VanBadhamwas（）.

2.ManypeoplejoinedtheFinboroughTheaterknowingthat（）.

3.ThelastpersononecanexpecttoseeperformingintheFinboroughTheaterwouldbesomeonewho（）.

4.LiketheoutdoortheatersceneplayedinsomecitiesintheU.S.,pubtheatersinLondon（）.

5.Sometheatercompaniespreferredpubtheatersbecauseoftheir（）.

6.AccordingtoMr.Robinson,peoplelikehim,whileworkingwithapubtheater,oftenhaveafeelingof（）.

问题1选项

A.unusualaboutremarkingon“MirrorTeeth”

B.lenientwiththeplaysperformedinherbar

C.fondofofferingopinionslikeherworkmates

D.infavourofthethemeofthenewplay

问题2选项

A.theyshouldservedrinksaswellasact

B.theywouldgetaverylimitedsalary

C.theymightworkwithoutbeingpaid

D.theymustmakethebusinessprofitable

问题3选项

A.hasvastnumbersoffans

B.wishestomakealiving

C.desirestobeagreatactor

D.fearsalargeaudience

问题4选项

A.canbeenjoyedwithadrinkofwine

B.canbetracedbacktothe17thcentury

C.tendtoperformplayswithrealisticthemes

D.appealespeciallytothelowerclasses

问题5选项

A.unfussy