2020年松江区高三英语二模试卷

高三英语第高三英语第10页共10页松江区2019学年度第二学期模拟考质量监控试卷

高三英语（满分140分，完卷时间120分钟）2020.05考生注意：1．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。2．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写姓名、学校、考号。3．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。ListeningcomprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandquestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandaquestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Thebroadcast.1.A.Thebroadcast.B.Theweather.A.Sheenjoyedherholidayverymuch.C.Thelatestnews.D.Theholiday.Sheneedn'thaveworkedhardfortheexam.C.Shedidagoodjobintheexam.D.Sheworkedhardandearnedalotofmoney.C.Shedidagoodjobintheexam.D.Sheworkedhardandearnedalotofmoney.3.A.Playingagame.B.Ridingahorse.C.Takingaphoto.3.A.Playingagame.B.Ridingahorse.C.Takingaphoto.D.WatchingTV.4.A.Thewomandidn'tgettheresultofthematch.TherewaslittleaboutthesoccermatchonTV.Theresultofthesoccermatchwasn'tannounced.D.Theresultwasnotavailableinthenewspaper.A.Inagrocerystore.B.Atabank.A.Lendhiscar.B.Driveherthere.A.Bossandsecretary.Managerandclerk.A.Theirtasteinbooksisdifferent.A.Inagrocerystore.B.Atabank.A.Lendhiscar.B.Driveherthere.A.Bossandsecretary.Managerandclerk.A.Theirtasteinbooksisdifferent.C.Inarepairshop.C.TelephoneLisa.D.Atahotel.D.Callherataxi.Interviewerandinterviewee.Teacherandstudent.B.Shedoesn'tliketoread.D.Thelibraryisn'topenlately.Sheonlyreadsbooksthathedoesn'tlike.D.Thelibraryisn'topenlately.A.Sheistiredofdrivinginheavytraffic.Sheenjoysitbecausesheisgoodatdriving.C.Shedoesn'tminditastheroadconditionsaregood.D.Sheisquiteunhappytohavetodrivesuchalongway.10.A.Hecan'tgetthebooksonthelist.B.Helackstimetotakethecourse.C.Hedoesn'tlikehistoryatall.D.Hemustreadalotofbooks.

SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandonelongerconversation.Aftereachpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassagesandconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.Washhishandsthoroughly.B.Practiceeatingpiequickly.Avoideatingmuchfood.D.Preparetherighttasteofpie.A.Onthetable.B.Underthebottom.C.Onhislap.D.Behindhisback.A.Swallowingthepiewithwater.Holdingthepieintherightposition.Eatingfromtheoutsidetowardthemiddle.D.Lookingsidewaystoseehowfastyourneighboureats.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.Howtodothegardening.C.Howtotakecareofbirds.A.Shelter,foodandwater.C.Plants,shelterandfood.A.Howtodothegardening.C.Howtotakecareofbirds.A.Shelter,foodandwater.C.Plants,shelterandfood.A.Nottoobservethem.Playwiththemregularly.Howtogetbirdstoagarden.Howtofeedbirdsinagarden.B.Fruit,waterandinsects.Plants,seedsandinsects.B.Nottoapproachthem.D.Playsomemusicforthem.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.A.Theyareplanningactivitiesfortheweekend.B.Theyarelookingforanapartmentinthecity.Theyarecomplainingabouttheurbanlivingenvironment.Theyarediscussinglivingplacesandchildren'seducation.A.Thenaturalenvironmentisbeneficialtochildren.Thecountrysideisaperfectplaceforweekends.C.Thereismuchtodobesidesworkandstudy.It'sconvenientforpeopletogoanywhere.A.Thereisalottoseeanddoforchildrenandadults.Thechildrenaretooyoungtobenefitfromcitylife.C.Thereisn'tenoughforchildrentoseeanddointhecity.D.Evenadultsthemselvescannotgoeverywhereinthecity.A.Sheisafull-timehousewife.B.Shedoesnotcareforherchildren.C.Shelivedinthesuburbsasachild.D.Shewillgotoamuseumnextweekend.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Aftergraduation,SusanwasaskedtobecometheexecutivedirectoroftheFloatingHospital.Shehesitatedatfirst,asitwasademandingjobandshewonderedwhethershecouldhandleit.Butonsecondthoughts,sheagreedtotakethejob.(21)thisjobturnedoutrewarding,shesoongottiredofit.(22)(seat)atherdeskoneday,shewantedtogodowntotheNewSchoolforSocialResearchallofasudden.Sinceshealwaysbelievedinstinctwasanadvantageshe(23)trust,shedecidedtohaveago.Withoutanyplan,shetitledthecourse‘FeeltheFearandDoItAnyway'.Susanwasnervousasshefacedthefirstsessionofthetwelve-weekcourse.Thetwohourswentonsmoothly,butshethen(24)(challenge)withanewfear,forshedidn'tknowwhattopresentthenextweek.Butsurprisingly,everyweekshefoundshehadmoretosay.Herconfidencelevelgrowing,sherealizedshehadequipped(25)somuchovertheyearsaboutgettingoverfearandherstudentsweredrinkingitup.Attheendofthecourse,theywereamazedat(26)shiftingtheirthinkingreallychangedtheirlives.Susaneventuallydecidedtowriteabookbasedonthecourseshehadtaught.Shefacedmanyobstacles.Andafter(27)(reject)byfouragentsandvariouspublishers,sheunwillinglyputtheproposalinadrawer.Onedayafterthreeyearsofwriting,shewentthroughthedrawer(28)sheheldhermuch-rejectedbookproposal.Pickingitup,shehadasharpsensethatsheheldsomethinginherhandsmanypeopleneededtoread.Shesetoutwithmuchdetermination,therefore,(29)(find)apublisherwhobelievedinherbookthesamewayshedid.Thistime,shesucceeded.Shesucceededbeyondherwildestdreams.Shewassohappythatshefollowedherheartandnevergaveupovercomingfearswhichstood(30)herway.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.releasedB.eventuallyC.deliveringD.addressE.actF.formerlyG.fascinationH.sightingI.inquiringJ.undertakenK.misidentifiedFromtheearly1950suntil2009,adepartmentintheUnitedKingdom'sMinistryofDefence(MoD)documentedandinvestigatedreportsofUFOs.Now,morethanadecadeaftertheprogramended,manyofthose31classifiedfilesaboutUFOwillbemadeavailabletothepublicforthefirsttime.Previously,someMoDfilesaboutUFOshadbeenpublishedonlineattheU.K.NationalArchives（国家档案馆）website,TheTelegraphreported.However,alloftheagency'sUFOreportswillbe32thisyearon“adedicatedgov.ukwebpage,"aspokespersonfortheBritishRoyalAirForce（RAF）toldTheTelegraph.ThedecisioncameafterPAMedia,aBritishnewsagency,filedarequestfortheUFOfilesundera/an33oninformation,accordingtoTheTelegraph.MoDofficialsdecided“itwouldbebettertopublishtheserecords,ratherthancontinue34documentstotheNationalArchives,"theRAFspokespersonsaid.TheU.K.'s35withUFOsbeganaround1950,urgingtheMoDtoformtheFlyingSaucerWorkingPartyto36thephenomenon,accordingtotheU.K.NationalArchives.UFOsintheearly1950sevencapturedtheattentionofPrimeMinisterWinstonChurchill,whosentamemotohisairministerin195237,“Whatdoesallthisstuffaboutflyingsaucersamountto?Whatcanitmean?Whatisthetruth?"TheflyingsaucergroupconcludedthatUFOsweredelusions（错觉）or38objects,recommending“thatnofurtherinvestigationofreportedmysteriousphenomenaintheairbe39."Nevertheless,otherMoDdivisionscontinuedtheworkofofficialUFOinvestigationintheU.K.AfterMoDenactedapolicychangeonDec.lst,2009,theagencynolongerrecordedorinvestigatedanyUFO40,accordingtothereport.Butwhattheydidfind一includingmanyrecentUFOreportsthatwerepreviouslyavailableonlyashardcopies一willbepublishedonlinewithinthenextfewmonths,saidNickPope,aformerUFOinvestigatorfortheMoD.Ill.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Anartificialintelligencecanaccuratelytranslatethoughtsintosentences,atleastforalimitedvocabularyof250words.Thesystemmaybringusastepcloserto___41___speechtopeoplewhohavelosttheability.JosephMakinattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,andhiscolleaguesuseddeeplearningalgorithms：算法）tostudythebrain42offourwomenastheyspoke.Thewomen,whoallsufferfromacertainkindofbraindisorder,alreadyhadadeviceattachedtotheirbrainstomonitordiseaseattacks.Eachwomanwasaskedtoreadaloudfromasetofsentencesastheteam___43___brainactivity.Thelargestgroupofsentences___44___250uniquewords.Theteamfedthisbrainactivitytoanetworkalgorithmrelatedtonerves,trainingitto___45___regularlyoccurringpatternsthatcouldbelinkedtorepeatedaspectsofspeech.Thesepatternswerethenfedtoasecondnetwork,whichtriedtoturnthemintowordsto___46___asentence.Eachwomanrepeatedthesentencesatleasttwice,andthefinalrepetitionwasnotusedforpartofthetrainingdata,___47___theresearcherstotestthesystem.Eachtimeapersonspeaksthesamesentence,thebrainactivityconnectedwillbesimilarbutnotexactlythesame.“Memorizingthebrainactivityofthesesentenceswouldn'thelp,___48___thenetworkinsteadhastolearnwhat'ssimilaraboutthemsothatitcangeneralizetothisfinalexample,”saysMakin.Acrossthefourwomen,theAI'sbestperformancewasanaveragetranslationerrorrateof3percent.Makinsaysthatusingasmallnumberofsentencesmadeit___49___fortheAItolearnwhichwordstendtofollowothers.Forexample,theAIwasableto___50___that“Bear”wasalwayslikelytofollowtheword“Teddy”inacertainsetofsentences,frombrainactivityalone.Theteamtriedtransformingthebrainsignaldatainto___51___wordsatatime,ratherthanwholesentences,butthis___52___theerrorrateto38percentevenforthebestperformance.“Sothenetworkclearlyislearningfactsaboutwhichwordsgotogether,andnotjustwhichbrainactivityis___53___withwhichwords,”saysMakin.Thiswillmakeithardtoscaleupthesystemtoa/an___54___vocabularybecauseeachnewwordincreasesthenumberofpossiblesentences,reducing___55___.SophieScottatUniversityCollegeLondonsayswearestillalongwayfrombeingabletotranslatebrainsignaldatacomprehensively.41.A.assigningB.conveyingC.restoringD.introducing42.A.systemsB.signalsC.signaturesD.symbols43.A.illuminatedB.discoveredC.measuredD.stopped44.A.consistedofB.adjustedtoC.agreedwithD.focusedon45.A.simplifyB.identifyC.intensifyD.justify46.A.understandB.formC.describeD.judge47.A.allowingB.inspiringC.instructingD.advising48.A.becauseB.soC.ifD.but49.A.quickerB.slowerC.easierD.tougher50.A.splitB.reflectC.decodeD.tear51.A.individualB.commonC.modifiedD.technical52.A.increasedB.decreasedC.leveledD.degraded53.A.furnishedB.mixedC.associatedD.armed54.A.passiveB.activeC.limitedD.expanded55.A.tendencyB.currencyC.accuracyD.fluencySectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)HaveyoueverheardofNollywood?NollywoodisthenameoftheNigerian(尼日利亚的)filmindustry.Nigeriaisoneofthelargestfilmindustriesintheworldbasedonthequantityoffilmsproduced,placingthemrightbelowIndia'sBollywoodandaboveUSA'sHollywood!Borninaround1992,Nollywoodistheyoungestcomparedwiththeothertwo“woods”,andusesnewformsoffinancingandproduction.Nowit'sinadulthood,andbiggerproductionshavebecomemoreregular.However,thiswasnotalwaysthecase.AlthoughmovietheaterswererareinNigeriaduringearlierperiod,originalstorieswerenot.Despitelackoffundsandexperience,self-madedirectorsbegantousecommercialvideocamerastoshoottheirmoviesandsoldthemforhomeviewing.Eventhoughthisresultedinmovieswithlowproductionvalue,theoriginalstoriesinstantlymadethemahit.Today,thefilmindustryisthelargestemployerafteragricultureandmakesup5%ofNigeria'sGDP.Nigeriaisabigplayerintheindustryanditisconstantlyimprovingitscraft,takingonnewchallenges.Nollywoodisknownmainlyforitscomediesanddramas,butweareincreasinglyseeinghorrormoviesandmusicals.Althoughsometimesheavilycriticizedforlowproductionvalues,Nollywoodcontinuestogrowfansworldwide.Nigerianmoviesnowmakeup11%ofNigeria'snon-oilexports!Theaveragemovieisproducedin7-10daysonabudgetbetween€7,000-12,000(Hollywood'saverageisaround€60millionpermoviewithoneyearproductiontime).Thisischanging,however,asmorefilmmakersarereceivingpropertrainingandareaimingtomakefilmsuptotheinternationalstandard.WhatistheadvantageofNollywood?Commercialsupport.B.Originalstories.Dominantcomedies.D.Fastproduction.Whichofthefollowingstatementsabout“woods"isNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?Bollywoodproducesmorefilmsthantheothertwo“woods".Nollywoodisknownastheyoungestamongthethree“woods".Hollywood'sbudgetforanaveragemovieismuchlessthanNollywood7s.IttakesmuchlesstimetoproduceaNollywoodfilmthanaHollywoodone.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.Nollywood'scontributiontoNigera'sGDPissecondonlytoagriculture'sNollywoodmakesfewercomediesanddramasthanhorrormoviesandmusicalsmoviesmadebyNollywoodoccupymorethan11%ofNigeria7sexportindustrymorefilmmakersinNollywoodareattemptingtoimprovethequalityofitsfilmsThepassagemainlytalksabout.filmsworthenjoyinginNigeriaB.majordifferencesamongthe“woods"promisingfutureofNollywoodD.featuresandchangesofNollywood(B)Here'sthebadnews:Menarehurting,and,accordingtomanyresearchers,masculinity(男子气）iswhatishurtingthemandmakingithardforthemtomaintainfriendships.Societytellsmentohidetheirfeelingsandexpectsthemtobeaggressive,somanymenlosetheirfriendshipwhengrowingup.Thegoodnewsisthatthoseskillscanberecovered!Therearealotofexpertswhocanhelp,andhere'swhattheyrecommend:1.Acceptyourowndesireandnormalizeitforthepeopleinyourlife.Way,anexpert,recommendssharingarticlesaboutmasculinityandfriendshipsothatyoucanstarttheseconversations!Concentrateonthemanddon'tforgetyouhavetheentireInternetatyourfingertips,friend!2.Modelvulnerability.Saythethingthatfrightensorworriesyou,like“I'mafraidnobodywillgotomyparty,”or“Imissmygrandmaeveryday.”Doingsowillmakeiteasierforotherpeopletofollowyourlead.Weareallontheelevatortoasocietywhereemotionalavailabilityisnormalized,andIwantyoutopress“dooropen.”Askmorequestions.Peoplesometimesfeeltheymightbeprying（爱打听的）iftheyasksomeoneaboutthemselves—especiallywhentheirfriendissharingsomethingtough.Butifyougetcuriousinmomentsofvulnerability,youwillopenthedoortoallkindsofgrowthinyourrelationship.Taketheopportunitytoreallyseeyourfriendandshowthemtheymatterbyfollowingup.4.Getclosewiththechildreninyourlife.Way'sresearchsaysthatthetopprioritythathelpschildren（especiallyboys）growuptohaveenrichingfriendshipsistobeclosewithanadultrelativewhowasnotafraidtoexpressemotions.So,ifyouareafather,stepfather,orthinkingaboutbecomingone,orifyouhaveniecesornephews,taketheopportunitytobeclosetothemandhelpthemgrowuptobegoodfriends,too.Whatisthecommonconceptofbeingaman?A.Tohavenofriendsatall.B.Tomaintainfriendships.C.Nottoshowtruefeelings.D.Nottohurtothersaggressively.WhichisNOTrecommendedaccordingtothepassage?Amanshouldshowhisvulnerabilityinfrontofhisfellows.B.Amanshouldacceptandnormalizepeople'sdesireinhislife.C.Amanshouldtaketheopportunitytobeclosetochildrelatives.Amanshouldshowhisfriendstheymatterbyaskingquestions.Whatmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?WaystoHelpMenHaveFriendshipB.HowtoExpressTrueFeelingsC.WaystoBecomeaTrueManD.HowtoBeBravetoHaveFriends（C）Nostudentofaforeignlanguageneedstobetoldthatgrammariscomplex.Bychangingwordordersandaddingauxiliaryverbs（助动词）,weareabletocommunicatevariationsinmeaning.Wecanturnastatementintoaquestion,statewhetheranactionhastakenplaceorissoontotakeplace,andperformotherwordtrickstoconveydelicatedifferencesinmeaning.Besides,grammarisuniversalandplaysapartineverylanguage,nomatterhowwidespreaditis.Sothequestionwhichhasconfusedmanylinguistsis:whocreatedgrammar?Atfirst,thisquestionwouldappearimpossibletoanswer.Tofindouthowgrammariscreated,someoneneedstobepresentatthetimeofalanguage'screation,documentingitsemergence.Somelinguistsareabletotracemoderncomplexlanguagesbacktoearlierlanguages,buttoknowtheformingofcomplexlanguages,theresearcherneedstoobservehowlanguagesarestartedfromscratch.Amazingly,however,thisispossible.SomerecentlanguagesevolvedduetotheAtlanticslavetrade.Atthattime,slavesfromdifferentnationswereforcedtoworktogether.Sincetheycouldnotlearneachother'slanguages,theydevelopedapidgin.Pidginsarestringsofwordscopiedfromthelanguageofthelandowners.Littlegrammarisfoundinthem,andinmanycasesitisdifficultforalistenertoinferwhenaneventhappened,andwhodidwhattowhom.Speakersneedtousecircumlocution（迂回曲折的说法）inordertomakethemselvesunderstood.Interestingly,however,allittakesforapidgintobecomeacomplexlanguageisforagroupofchildrentobeexposedtoit.Slavechildrendidnotsimplycopywordsfromtheirelders,theyadaptedthemtocreatealanguage.Itincludednewwordordersandgrammaticalmarkers.Complexgrammarsystemsemergingfrompidginsaretermedcreoles,whichareinventedbychildren.Somelinguistsbelievethatmanyoftheworld'smostestablishedlanguageswerecreolesatfirst.The-edendinginEnglishpasttensemayhaveevolvedfrom“did".“Itended",whichwasfirstusedbykids,mayoncehavebeen“Itend-did".Therefore,itwouldappearthateventhemostwidespreadlanguageswerepartlycreatedbychildren.Childrenappeartohavebeenbornwithgrammaticalmachineryintheirbrains,whichcanservetocreatelogical,complexstructures,evenwhenthereisnogrammarpresentforthemtocopy.Whatdoesparagraph1mainlytellus?Languagelearnersknowthatgrammarisofcomplexity.Onecandoalotwithhisgoodcommandofgrammar.Grammarisbothcomplexanduniversalinlanguages.Linguistsfaceaquestionincreatingconfusinggrammars.Theunderlinedexpression'fromscratch'inparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto.A.fromtheverybeginningB.inancientculturesC.bycopyingsomethingelseD.byusingwritteninformationWhatcanbeinferredabouttheslaves'pidginlanguage?Itcontainedacomplexgrammarsystem.Itwasfirstcreatedbytheslaves'landowners.Itwasbasedonalotofdifferentlanguages.Itwasdifficulttounderstand,evenamongslaves.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthelastparagraph?TheEnglishpasttensesystemisinaccurate.Englishwasprobablyonceakindofcreole.LinguistshaveproventhatEnglishwascreatedbychildren.ChildrenuseEnglishpasttensesdifferentlyfromadults.SectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Thiscouldadddesirednutrientstothesoilthankstotherichvarietyofcrops.Overcenturies,thegrowthofagriculturecontributedtotheriseofcivilizations.Inexperimentswithpeaplants,helearnedhowtraitswerepassedfromonegenerationtoanother.Inthe1830s,CyrusMcCormick'sharvestingmachinehelpedmodernizethegrain-cuttingprocess.Thishelpedtoproduceextrafoodtotradeforothergoodsandallowedpeopletoworkatothertasks.NewagriculturalinventionsdramaticallyincreasedfoodproductioninEuropeandEuropeancolonies.Aperiodofimportantagriculturaldevelopmentbeganintheearly1700sinGreatBritainandtheLowCountries(Belgium,Luxembourg,andtheNetherlands,whichliebelowsealevel).(67)Oneofthemostimportantofthesedevelopmentswasanimprovedhorse-drawnseeddrillinventedbyJethroTullinEngland.Untilthattime,farmerssowedseedsbyhand.Tull'sdrillmaderowsofholesfortheseeds.Bytheendofthe18thcentury,seeddrillingwaswidelypracticedinEurope.ManyothermachinesweredevelopedintheUnitedStates.(68)Ataboutthesametime,JohnandHiramPittsintroducedahorse-poweredthresher(脱粒机)thatshortenedtheprocessofseparatinggrainandseedfromstraw.JohnDeere'ssteelplow(犁)，introducedin1837,madeitpossibletoworkthetoughsoilwithmuchlesshorsepower.Alongwithnewmachines,therewereseveralimportantadvancesinselectivefarming.Byselectivelybreedinganimals(breedingthosewithdesirabletraits),farmersincreasedthesizeandproductivityoftheirlivestock.Plantscouldalsobeselectivelybredforcertainqualities.In1866,GregorMendel'sstudiesinheredity(遗传)werepublishedinAustria.(69)Hisworkpavedthewayforimprovingcropsthroughgenetics.Newcropplantingmethodsalsoevolvedduringthistime.ManyofthesewereadoptedoverthenextcenturyorsothroughoutEurope.Forexample,theNorfolkfour-fieldsystem,developedinEngland,provedquitesuccessful.Itinvolvedtheyearlyrotation(轮作)ofseveralcrops,includingwheat,turnips,barley,clover,andryegrass.(70)Moreover,thismethodenabledfarmerstogrowenoughto