【教学资料精创】虚拟语气讲解课件-高考英语一轮语法复习

IfIhadtolivemylifewithoutyounearmeThedayswouldallbeemptyThenightswouldseemsolongWithyouIseeforeverohsoclearlyImighthavebeeninlovebeforeButitneverfeltthisstrong……Let’slistentothesong“Nothing’sgonnachangemyloveforyou”andcompletethemissingwords.SubjunctiveMood虚拟语气用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不太可能发生的情况，或是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。假设条件状语从句愿望宾语从句似乎好像状语/表语从句

动词形式虚拟语气建议命令要求宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句did/haddone情态动词(wouldhavedone...)

(should)do其他Discovery11.Ifyoucametomorrow,wewouldhavethemeeting.2.IfIhadenoughmoneynow,Iwouldlendittoyou.3.Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldnothavefailedtheexam.4.IfIwereyou,Ishouldseizethechancetogoabroad.5.Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier,youwouldhavemethim.if条件句中的虚拟语气时间If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去将来did/werehaddonewould/could/should/might+V.(原)would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1.did/were2.shoulddo3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原)2;43;51IfTom______(know)Susan’stelephonenumber,he_________(will)callher.TomwantstocallSusanbuthecan’t.Hedoesn’tknowhertelephonenumber.knewwouldPracticeLastmonthSusanwasill.Tomdidn’tknowthis,sohedidn’tgotoseeher.IfTom___________(know)thatSusanwasill,he___________________(go)toseeher.hadknownwouldhavegoneTomwantstoplayfootballtomorrowbutheistoobusythesedays.Ifhe________(be)nottoobusy,he_________(will)playfootballtomorrow.werewould“IfGod____(give)meonemorechancenow,I_______(say)tothegirl:“Iloveyou.”IfI____(have)togiveatimelimittothislove,I_______(say)--10thousandyears.”StephenChowPracticemakesperfect!gave

wouldsayhadwouldsayFillintheblanks如果条件状语中有were,had,should时,可以倒装成：Were/Should/Had

+主+其他WereIyou,

…

Hadhebeenthereyesterday,

…Shoulditsnowtomorrow,

…IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.如果我是你，我会再试一次。如果他昨天在那儿的话，他就会看那部电影了。如果明天下雪，我们就不出去了。Iftheyhadinformedus,wewouldnotcomeherenow.Ifhewerefreetoday,wewouldhavesenthimtoBeijing.从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。从句的动作与现在事实相反，而主句的动作与过去事实不符。Discovery2错综时间条件句：有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致，这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。1.Withyourhelp,Icouldhavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.2.Withoutairandwater,therewouldbenolivingthingsontheearth.3.Butfortherain,weshouldhavehadapleasantjourney.4.Whatwouldyoudowithamilliondollars?

5.Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.6.Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting.7.Fiveminutesearlierandyoucouldhavemetheratthestation.

8.Youcouldhavedonebetter，butyoudidn’ttryyourbest.介词或介词短语（代替状语从句）：butfor（要不是…），without（假若没有…），with（假若有…）用or，otherwise(否则)，等类似转折词根据上下文语境来表示某种假设情况含蓄条件句：句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，利用某他手段或方式来暗示存在虚拟条件。Discovery31.Thetwostrangerstalkedasiftheyhadbeengoodfriendsformany

years.2.Theteachertreatsthepupilasifhewereherownchild.3.Heranandshoutedasifhehadseenaghost.Discovery45.HetalksaboutRomeasifhehadbeentherebefore．4.He

opened

his

mouth

as

if

he

would

say

something.．发生的时间

虚拟语气结构过去现在将来

方式状语从句中的虚拟语气asif,asthough引导的方式状语从句，表示“好像，似乎”可以虚拟语气。4had+过去分词一般过去时(be用were)would/could/might/should+原形动词1,3.52Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit__________.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbrokenTheactoris58yearsold.Butheactsasifhe_______ayoungman.A.isB.willbeC.amD.wereThecloudsaregettingdarkeranddarker.Itlooksasifit_______rain.A.isgoingtoB.willC.wasgoingtoD.wouldifonly（要是......就好了）

Ifonlyshewouldtryagain.IfonlyIwerebetterlooking.Ifonlyyouhadcometomybirthdayparty.过去现在将来had+过去分词过去时(be用were)would/could+原形动词I’dratheryouhadseenthefilmyesterday.I’dratheryouwereherenow.We’dratheryouwentheretomorrow.IwishIlearntEnglishwell.IwishIhadbeentherewiththemlastweek.Hewisheswecouldplaygameswithhim.宾语从句中的虚拟语气Discovery61.wish之后的宾语从句2.wouldrather,wouldsooner等之后的宾语从句过去现在将来had+过去分词过去时(be用were)would/could+原形动词过去

现在将来had+过去分词过去时(be用were)过去时(be用were)

请求、要求、命令或建议等意义的动词所接的宾语从句。一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。1.insist2.order,command3.advise,suggest,propose4.demand,require,request,desireTheteacheradvisedthatweshouldmakegooduseofeveryminutehere.Mydemandisthatshe_______________(come)toseemeonceaweek.Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalworks______________(be)closeddown.Hesuggestedthatwe____________(go)toBeijingforsightseeing.Theproposalthatwe

(go)outforapicnicwaswarmlywelcomed.(should)go(should)come(should)be(should)go表语从句同位语从句宾语从句同位语从句Wesuggestthatyou(should)bethereontime.=Our

suggestion

isthatyou

(should)be

thereontime.=Itisoursuggestionthatyou(should)bethereontime.=Itissuggestedthatyou(should)bethereontime.

如suggest,insist用于其本意“暗示、表明”“坚持说”不用虚拟，用陈述语气。“坚持认为”时，宾语从句虚拟语气。1.Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybody__________(obey)therules.2.Heinsistedthatshe______(be)seriouslyillandthat_________(send)tohospitalsatonce.3.Hesuggestedthatwe________(have)ameetingatonce.4.Hispalefacesuggestedthathe______(be)ill.obeywasbesenthavewas1.Itisnecessarythatthebadlywoundedman（should）betreatedimmediately.2.It’sstrangethathe(should)haveactedtowardhisparentslikethat.3.It’ssurprising/amazing/pleasing/thatshe(should)winoverhermother.4.It’sapity/ashame/nowonderthatourteam(should)losethegame.5.Itisimportantthateverymember(should)informhimselfoftheserules.“Itisimportant(strange，natural，necessary)that…”

这类句型里，that所引导的主语从句中的谓语动词常用“should十动词原形”结构，表示某事是“重要、奇怪、自然、必要”等意义。Tom,youaretoolazy.Theworkshouldhavebeenfinishedyesterday.Yououghtnottohavegivenhimmorehelp.Ineedn’thaveboughtsomuchwine—onlyfivepeoplecame.Shemighthaveachievedgreaterprogress,ifyouhadgivenhermorechances.Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldn'thaveachievedsomuch.情态动词+have

done的虚拟语气wouldhavedone表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”。should/ought

to

have

done“本来应该做„„但实际上未做”。shouldn’t/ought

not

to

have

done“本不应该做某事，但实际上却做了”。needn’t

have

done“本来没有必要去做某事，但实际上却做了”。may/might

not

have

done

表示虚拟，意为“（过去）本来可能做某事，但实际上却没有做”。It’s(about/high)time+that--should+V.过去时你该走了。我们该睡觉了。It’shightimethatyouwent.It’shightimethatyoushouldgo.It’s(about)timethatwewenttobed.It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.Shestayedathomeforafewdayssothatshemighthavemoretimetostudyit.Shelistenedcarefullyinorderthatshemightdiscoverexactlywhathewanted.Hewenttothestationinataxisothatheshouldnotmissthetrain.sothat与inorderthat二者引导的目的状语从句谓语部分应该用may/might/can/could/etc.+动词原形If从句haddonedid/were1.did/were2.shoulddo3.weretodo过去现在将来would/could/should/might+have+p.p.would/could/should/might+V.(原)would/could/should/might+V.(原)asifasthoughhaddonedid/werewould/could/might/should+原形动词主句ifonlywould/could+原形动词haddonedid/werewishdid/werewould/could+原形动词haddonewouldratherdid/werehaddonedid/were一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。1.insist2.order,command3.advise,suggest,propose4.demand,require,request,desire情态动词+have

doneIt’s(about/high)time+thatsbdid/shoulddoItisimportant(strange，natural，necessary)that…(一)用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空1.Ifyou____________(arrive)tenminutesearlier,youcouldhaveseenthemoff.2.It'stimethatwe______________

(go)totherailwaystation.3.Ifthey

(nothelp)us,ourexperimentwouldhavefailed.hadarrivedwent/shouldgo

hadnothelped4.You'refiveminuteslate.Isuggestedthatyou______________

(come)earliertomorrow.5.Matheroftentellsusthatitisnecessarythatwe_____________

(drink)aglassofwaterafterwegetup.6.Sheinsistedthatshe_____________________

(send)toworkinthefarawaysmalltown.(should)come(should)drink(should)besent

7.

Inot

(forget)histelephonenumber,Iwouldhaverunghim.8.Heisbusynow.Ifhe

(be)free,he

____________(go)withyou.Hadforgottenwerewouldgowouldgo9.Themanagerwasinhisofficethen.Ifhe______________(be)here,everything___________________________________(settle)inaminute.10.Noisyasitwas,hewentonreadingasifnothing____________________(happen).hadbeenwouldhavebeensettledwerehappening11.—Ifthefactory_______________（belong）tome，I_______________（notsell）it.—Butitisn’tyours.12.—Ifyou_____________（keep）thesecret,nobody_________________（know）it.—I’msorryformakingsuchamistake.belongedwouldn’t

sellhad

keptwould

have

known13.Iftheweatherweretobefinetomorrow，I_____________（go）foranoutingwithmyparents.14.________（be）Iyou，Iwouldthinkaboutthisproblemonceagain.15._______（have）Ihadtimelastnight，I_______________（go）toseethiswonderfulfilm.wouldgoWereHadwouldhavegone二、单选题1.Everything______ifAlberthadn’tcalledthefirebrigade.A.willbedestroyedB.willhavebeendestroyedC.wouldbedestroyedD.wouldhavebeendestroyed2.Ifyouhadn’tgonewithTomtothepartylastnight,______.A.youwouldmeetJohnalreadyB.youwon’thavemissedJohnC.youwillhavemetJohnD.youwouldhavemetJohnDD3.Supposingthisship______,doyouthinktherewouldbeenoughlifejacketsforallthepassengers?A.wassinkingB.hassunkC.weretosinkD.sunk4.Ididn'tfinishmytask.HowIwishI_________youradvice!A.hadfollowedB.followC.wouldfollow D.followedCA5.Theteachersuggestedthateachstudent______aplanforthevacation.A.madeB.makeC.makesD.willmake6.Frankly,I’dratheryou______anythingaboutitforthetimebeing.A.doB.don’tdoC.didn’tdoD.willnotdoBC7.It’shightimeyou______.A.starttoworkB.wouldstarttoworkC.startedtoworkD.hadstartedtowork8.______,wecouldnothavefinishedtheworkontime.A.IftheydonothelpusB.WasitnotfortheirhelpC.ShouldtheyoffertohelpusD.ButfortheirhelpCD9.Thedoctor’sadviceisthatthepatient______abouthisrealphysicalcondition.A.benottoldB.notbetoldC.willnotbetoldD.mustnotbetold10.Itisrequiredthatthemachine______asfrequentlyasnecessary.A.beoiledB.mustbeoiledC.isoiledD.willoilBA三、完成句子1.如果你年轻十岁，你会怎么办？What___________you___________，ifyou___________tenyearsyounger？2.如果你开车更小心一点，就不会出这样的事故。Ifyou________________yourcarmorecarefully,suchatrafficaccident__________________________.woulddowerehaddrivencouldn’thavehappened3.如果明天下雾，我就不能开车去购物。Ifit_______foggytomorrow，I______________mycartogoshopping.4.如果明天天气转晴，我们就去野餐。Ifit___________clearuptomorrow，we_____________forapicnic.werecouldn’tdriveweretowouldgo5.如果我捡到了那只钱包，一定交给失主了。IfI___________________upthewallet，I_________________________ittoitsowner.6.如果你那天没有抽烟，火灾就不会发生。Ifyou____________________thatday，thefire___________________________out.hadpickedwouldhavereturnedhadn’tsmokedwouldn’thavebrokenJimhadanoperationonhislegyesterday.Thedoctorsuggestedhe_____(stay)inbedforatleastthreemonths.Hesaidtohismother:“_________I(be)morecareful,I_________