WTO规则中英文教程第十五章-WTO技术性贸易协议课件

1、第十三章 WTO技术性贸易协议WTO Rules about the Application of Technical Barriers to Trade技术性贸易壁垒(technical barriers to trade)作为一种非关税壁垒是WTO成员实施贸易保护的重要手段。WTO技术性贸易壁垒协定(Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade，TBT)1为此制定了技术性贸易壁垒的适用规则，以使技术贸易措施及其实施方式不构成任意或不公正歧视(arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination)的手段或对国际贸易的变相限制(

2、disguised restriction)。 1 This Agreement consists of 15 articles and 3 annexes.第十三章 WTO技术性贸易协议WTO Rules abo一、技术性贸易壁垒的定义The technical barriers to trade are referred to as technical regulations, standards and conformity assessment procedures affecting international trade.技术性贸易壁垒是指影响国际贸易的技术法规、标准及合格评定程序

3、。一、技术性贸易壁垒的定义The technical barr1、 技术法规(Technical Regulations)Document which lays down product characteristics or their related processes and production methods, including the applicable administrative provisions, with which compliance is mandatory. It may also include or deal exclusively with termin

4、ology, symbols, packaging, marking or labelling requirements as they apply to a product, process or production method.那些规定强制执行的产品特性或其相关工艺和生产方法、包括适用的管理规定在内的文件。该文件还可包括或专门涉及适用于产品、工艺或生产方法的专门术语、符号、包装、标志或标签要求。 1、 技术法规(Technical RegulationsWTO规则中英文教程第十五章-WTO技术性贸易协议课件WTO规则中英文教程第十五章-WTO技术性贸易协议课件二、与技术法规和合格评定程

5、序有关的规则 1.WTO requires any Member abide by the principles of national treatment and MFN. Namely, in respect of technical regulations, products imported from the territory of any Member shall be accorded treatment no less favourable than that accorded to like products of national origin and to like pr

6、oducts originating in any other country. In the respect of conformity assessment procedures, suppliers should be granted access of like products originating in the territories of other Members under conditions no less favourable than those accorded to suppliers of like products of national origin or

7、 originating in any other country, in a comparable situation.二、与技术法规和合格评定程序有关的规则 1.WTO r（汉译）1、WTO要求各成员遵守国民待遇原则和最惠国待遇原则，即在技术法规方面，各成员应保证给予源自任何成员领土进品的产品不低于其给予本国同类产品或来自任何其他国家同类产品的待遇；在合格评定程序方面，应在可比的情况下以不低于给予本国相同产品的供应商或源自任何其他国家相同产品的供应商的条件，使源自其他成员领土内产品的供应商获得准入。 （汉译）1、WTO要求各成员遵守国民待遇原则和最惠国待遇原则2. Where techni

8、cal regulations are required and relevant international standards exist or their completion is imminent, Members shall use them, or the relevant parts of them, as a basis for their technical regulations except when such international standards or relevant parts would be an ineffective or inappropria

9、te means for the fulfilment of the legitimate objectives pursued1. Also, where relevant guides or recommendations issued by international standardizing bodies exist or their completion is imminent, Members shall ensure that central government bodies use them, or the relevant parts of them, as a basi

10、s for their conformity assessment procedures2.2. Where technical regulations2、如需制定技术法规，而有关国际标准己经存在或即将拟就，则各成员应使用这些国际标准或其中的相关部分作为其技术法规的基础，除非这些国际标准或其中的相关部分对达到其追求的合法目标无效或不适当。同样，若国际标准化机构发布的相关指南或建议已经存在或即将拟就，则各成员应保证中央政府机构一般应使用这些指南或建议或其中的相关部分，作为其合格评定程序的基础。 1 See Article 2.4 of TBT Agreement.2 See Article 5.

11、4 of TBT Agreement（汉译）2、如需制定技术法规，而有关国际标准己经存在或即将拟就，则各三、与标准有关的规则 WTOTBT协定附件3关于制定、采用和实施标准的良好行为规范（Code of Good Practice for the Preparation，Adoption and Application of Standards，简称“良好行为规范”）在标准方面确立了以下各成员标准化机构应接受并遵守的重要规则： 1.The standardizing body shall accord treatment to products originating in the terri

12、tory of any other Member of the WTO no less favourable than that accorded to like products of national origin and to like products originating in any other country. 1、标准化机构给予源自WTO任何其他成员的产品的待遇不得低于给予本国相同产品和源自任何其他国家相同产品的待遇。三、与标准有关的规则 WTOTBT协定附件3关 2.The standardizing body shall ensure that standards are

13、 not prepared, adopted or applied with a view to, or with the effect of, creating unnecessary obstacles to international trade.2、标准化机构应保证不制定、不采用或不实施在目的或效果上给国际贸易制造不必要障碍的标准。 2.The standardizing body s3.Where international standards exist or their completion is imminent, the standardizing body shall us

14、e them, or the relevant parts of them, as a basis for the standards it develops, except where such international standards or relevant parts would be ineffective or inappropriate, for instance, because of an insufficient level of protection or fundamental climatic or geographical factors or fundamen

15、tal technological problems3、若国际标准已经存在或即将拟就，标准化机构应使用这些标准或使用其中的相关部分作为其制定标准的基础，除非由于存在某些情况，如由于保护程度不足，或基本气候或地理因素或基本技术问题使此类国际标准或其中的相关部分无效或不适当。3.Where international standardWith a view to harmonizing standards on as wide a basis as possible, the standardizing body shall, in an appropriate way, play a full

16、part, within the limits of its resources, in the preparation by relevant international standardizing bodies of international standards.4、为在尽可能广泛的基础上协调标准，标准化机构应以适当方式，在力所能及的范围内，充分参与有关国际标准化机构制定国际标准的工作。 With a view to harmonizing sta5.Wherever appropriate, the standardizing body shall specify standards

17、in terms of performance rather than design or descriptive characteristics.5、只要适当，各成员标准化机构即应按产品的性能而不是内在设计或描述特征制定产品标准。5.Wherever appropriate, the stAt least once every six months, the standardizing body shall publish a work programme containing the standards it is currently preparing and the standards

18、 which it has adopted in the preceding period。A notice of the existence of the work programme shall be published in a national or, as the case may be, regional publication of standardization activities. 6、WTO成员的标准化机构应至少每6个月公布一次工作纲要，包括正在制定的标准及前一时期已采用的标准。工作纲要的通知应在国家或在区域有关标准化活动的出版物上公布。At least once every six months四、其他除上述规则之外，WTO还鼓励各成员相互承认合格评定程序，给予其他成员的合格评定机构以国民待遇。同时要求每一成