英国文学简史Chapter-10-1-George-Gordon-Byron课件

1、 Presented by WEI JianhuaBritish LiteratureGeorge Gordon Byron (1788 1824)Life and CareerBorn into an ancient aristocratic family Inherited the title of a baron(男爵) and a large estate at the age of tenThough he was born lame, he was good at sports, especially at swimming. Educated first at Harrow an

2、d then Cambridge Taking his seat in the House of Lords (上议院)Life and CareerThe publication in 1812 of the first two cantos(篇章) of Childe Harolds Pilgrimage (恰尔德.哈罗德游记 ), a poem narrating his travels between 1809 and 1811 in Europe, brought Byron fame. He then said, I awoke one morning and found myse

3、lf famous. Childe Harolds Pilgrimage is about a gloomy, passionate young wanderer who escaped from the society he disliked and traveled around the continent, questing for freedom. Life and CareerIn 1815 Byron got married to Anna Isabella Milbanke. A year later, his wife left him and refused to come

4、back. Rumors about his incestuous relationship (乱伦) with his half-sister Augusta and doubts about his sanity (心智) led to his being abused and decried(谴责). So in anger and disgust, Byron left England in 1816 and never returned.Life and CareerByron first went to Switzerland, where he made acquaintance

5、 with Shelley. He next established residence in Venice, where in the three years from 1816 to 1819 he produced, among other works, the verse drama Manfred (1817), the first two cantos of Don Juan (18181819) (曼弗雷德，唐璜的前两章), and the fourth and final cantos of Childe Harold s Pilgrimage (1818). Don Juan

6、 is Byrons masterpiece, a great comic epic of the early 19th century. It is a poem based on a traditional Spanish legend of a great lover and seducer of women. Life and CareerAt the news of the Greek revolt against the Turks, Byron not only gave the insurgent (反叛的) Greeks financial help but plunged

7、himself into the struggle for the national independence of that country. Because of several months hard work under bad weather, Byron fell ill and died. The whole Greek nation mourned over his death.However, for a long time there existed two controversial opinions on Byron: he was regarded in Englan

8、d as the perverted (堕落的) man, the satanic (邪恶的) poet; while on the Continent, he was hailed as the champion of liberty, poet of the people. Because of the English prejudice, Byron was refused to be buried with his poetic peers when he died. Only in 1969 was this prejudice against Byron finally overc

9、ome by the British critical circle. A white marble-floor memorial to Lord Byron was set up in Westminster Abbey. Thus, his name was put among those of famous poets in the Poets Corner.His InfluenceByrons poetry has great influence on the literature of the whole world. Across Europe, patriots and pai

10、nters and musicians are all inspired by him. Poets and novelists are profoundly influenced by his work. Actually Byron has enriched European poetry with an abundance of ideas, images, artistic forms and innovations. Byronic HeroA proud, mysterious rebel figure of noble origin. Carrying on his should

11、ers the burden of righting all the wrongs in a corrupt society, Rising single-handedly against any kind of tyrannical rules either in government, in religion, or in moral principles with unconquerable wills and inexhaustible energies. As a leading Romanticist, Byrons chief contribution is his creati

12、on of the Byronic hero, Byronic HeroSuch a hero appears first in Childe Harolds Pilgrimage, and then further developed in later works such as the Oriented Tales, Man fred, and Don Juan in different guises. The figure is, to some extent, modeled on the life and personality of Byron himself, and makes

13、 Byron famous both at home and abroad.Young Byron BackgroundIn June,1814,several months before Byron met and married his first wife, he attended a party. Then he was inspired by the sight of his cousin, the beautiful Miss Wilmot who was wearing a black spangled mourning dress.Lord Byron was struck b

14、y his cousins dark hair and fair face, the mingling of various lights and shades. This became the essence of his poem about her.She Walks in Beauty She walks in beauty, like the night 她在美中徜徉,像夜晚 Of cloudless climes and starry skies; 皎洁无云而且繁星漫天And all thats best of dark and bright 明与暗的最美妙的色泽 Meet in

15、her aspect and her eyes: 在她的仪容和秋波里呈现： Thus mellowd to that tender light 耀目的白天只嫌光太强， Which heaven to gaudy day denies. 它比那光亮柔和而幽暗。 One shade the more, one ray the less, 增加或减少一份明与暗 Had half impaird the nameless grace 就会损害这难言的美。 Which waves in every raven tress, 美波动在她乌黑的发上， Or softly lightens oer her f

16、ace; 或者散布淡淡的光辉 Where thoughts serenely sweet express 在那脸庞，恬静的思绪 How pure, how dear their dwelling-place. 指明它的来处纯洁而珍贵。 And on that cheek, and oer that brow, 呵，那额际，那鲜艳的面颊， So soft, so calm, yet eloquent, 如此温和，平静，而又脉脉含情， The smiles that win, the tints that glow, 那迷人的微笑，那容颜的光彩 But tell of days in goodne

17、ss spent, 都在说明一个善良的生命： A mind at peace with all below, 她的头脑安于世间的一切， A heart whose love is innocent! 她的心充溢着真纯的爱情！ 她在美中行走 -拜伦 她在美中行走，像黑夜 晴朗无云，满天星斗闪耀， 黑暗和光明中美好的一切 都溶入她的容颜和双眸： 那光辉如此柔和清洌， 俗丽的白昼得不到造化的关照。 增一毫太稠，减一丝太稀， 非凡的美均会遭到损伤， 因为它荡漾于每一根青丝， 在她的脸上温柔地闪光； 祥和的情思在彼处显示： 它的栖息地何等洁净、漂亮！ 还有她的双颊，她的额上， 那么温润，那么平静，那么动

18、人， 以致微笑漾溢，神采飞扬， 说明她享受着美好的人生， 更有那一腔宁静的思想， 那一颗天真无邪的爱心！ Discussion of the Poem The first verse :The first two lines bring together the opposing qualities of darkness and light . The remaining lines tell us that her face and eyes combine “all thats best of dark and bright”. The second verse :The glow of

19、 the ladys face is nearly perfect.The shades and rays are in just the right proportion, and because they are, the lady possesses a nameless grace. This conveys the romantic idea that her inner beauty is mirrored by her outer beauty. The last verse :The first three lines of physical description and l

20、ast three lines that describe the ladys moral characters. Tone Earnest ,Admiring ,HappyRhythm and Meter Iambic tetrameterRhyme The rhyme of three cantos are ABABAB, CDCDCD,EFEFEFSentence structure Complicated Sentences Exclamatory SentencesFigures of speech: Simile Theme A ladys physical beauty is a reflection of her inner beauty.AnalysisFour Beauties in Ancient