高考英语语法填空总复习课件

1、语法填空总复习指导高考英语复习专题三语法填空总复习指导高考英语复习专题三2014年，高考英语全国卷开始采用语法填空题型代替单项选择，对英语语法的考查从单句层面上升到语篇层面。2019年，高考英语北京卷继全国卷之后也将单项填空调整为语法填空，在语篇层面上考查语法知识及应用能力。2014年，高考英语全国卷开始采用语法填空题型代替单项选择，201720182019时态语态一过、一现、过完(被动)一过，过进，现完，过完(被动)一过，一现非谓语动词To do(目的)、过分、现分动名词(主语)To do(目的)、过分现分，过分、情态动词虚拟语气情态动词(含义)If虚拟情态动词(含义)If虚拟三大从句及并列

2、句定从、主从、宾从、状从、并列句定从(非限)、表从、状从定从、名从特殊句式祈使句名词名词单复数代词反身代词词性变换形容词词缀（ful）小词介词介词介词、在常规考点的基础上涉及了一些基础知识的考查高考仅要求理解:同位语从句倒装强调虚拟201720182019时态语态一过、一现、一过，过进，现完命题特点题材：贴近学生的日常生活，很少选取冷僻专业的文章。 体裁：记叙文，议论文，说明文（2019） 材料长度和难度：共设有三小段阅读材料，每段材料的长度为90词左右，每段材料所涉及的时态会有所不同。整体难度适中，符合高中学生的平均阅读水平。命题特点题材：贴近学生的日常生活，很少选取冷僻专业的文章。考查内容

3、：有提示词和无提示词两种形式。给提示词的考查：词性的转换，如名词与动词的转换、形容词与副词的转换、名词与形容词的转换、动词与形容词的转换；词形变化，如形容词或副词比较级与最高级的变化；名词单复数的变化；动词的时态语态、非谓语以及词形的变化等。不给出提示词的考查：根据上下文的语境填入代词、连词、介词、冠词等。考查内容：有提示词和无提示词两种形式。给提示词的考查：不给AOn the first day of my first grade，I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I 1 （voice）my biggest concern

4、 to my mother. “How will I make friends?” She handed me advice. “Be yourself.” For the past 20 years. I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously 2 (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to 3 (I) the two simple words “Be yourself”. BEarth Day，4 (m

5、ark) on 22 April，is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. First celebrated 5 1970，the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions（地区）. No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in various 6 (activity) on Earth Day. You

6、can plant a tree，make a meal with locally grown vegetables，or save powerthe possibilities are endless. CDoes the name of the college you attend really matter？Research on the question 7 (suggest) that，for most students，it doesnt. What students do at college seems to matter much more than 8 they go. T

7、he students benefiting most from college are those 9 are totally engaged（参与）in academic life, taking full advantage of the colleges chances and resources（资源). Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and its never too early to make necessa

8、ry preparations for a healthy and 10 (meaning) college experience. 2019北京卷真题分析有提示词7题无提示词3题考虑实词（名形动副）考虑虚词（介连冠代情）A2019北京卷真题分析有提示词7题无提示词3题考虑实词（名解题步骤1. 浏览全文目的是把握大意，为下一步“填空”做好“语义”上的准备，因为“语义”决定着空白处应填一个什么意思的词语以及应该采用什么样的语法形式。在通读全文的过程中，为较好地把其大意，弄清该文的体裁、题材(话题) 等，有利于真正读懂全文大意，也有利于在“填空”时进行必要的逻辑推理。2. 在通读全文，了解文章大意

9、之后，填空的过程是一个判断空白处应填词语的“语义”(已给出词语的除外)和正确的语法形式的思维过程。遇到一时想不起来或无法确定的题目，先跳过去，不要花太多的时间在一个空上，空着的题目，有可能会从后面的内容得到提示，或者在核查时进一步联系上下文进行推理。3.在答题时间充足的情况下，将所有答案“填进”短文中并进行通读，以最后确定答案，通读时要注意上下文之同的逻辑关系，避免出现前后矛盾或句子不通顺的问题。1.通读全文，把握大意2.边读边填，先易后难3.重读全文，验证复查解题步骤1. 浏览全文目的是把握大意，为下一步“填空”做好“2019北京卷真题分析AOn the first day of my fi

10、rst grade，I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I 1 (voice) my biggest concern to my mother. “How will I make friends?” She handed me advice. “Be yourself.” For the past 20 years, I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously 2 (face) ch

11、allenges, I know I will whisper to 3 (I) the two simple words “Be yourself”. 记叙文voicedfacing谓语动词非谓语动词人称代词myself焦虑不安2019北京卷真题分析记叙文voicedfacing谓语动词BEarth Day，4 (mark) on 22 April，is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. First celebrated 5 1970，the Day now inc

12、ludes events in more than 190 countries and regions（地区）. No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in various 6 (activity) on Earth Day. You can plant a tree，make a meal with locally grown vegetables，or save powerthe possibilities are endless. marked非谓语动词in介词activities名词说明文Bmarked

13、非谓语动词in介词activities名词说明CDoes the name of the college you attend really matter？Research on the question 7_（suggest）that，for most students，it doesnt. What students do at college seems to matter much more than 8 they go. The students benefiting most from college are those 9 are totally engaged（参与）in ac

14、ademic life, taking full advantage of the colleges chances and resources（资源). Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and its never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and 10 (meaning) college experience. suggests /sugg

15、ested/has suggested谓语动词wherewho/thatmeaningful定语从句词性转换宾语从句议论文Csuggests /suggested/has sugge考点题号题目数动词的时态语态1、72非谓语动词2、42代词31名词单复数61词性转换101介词51连词从属连词名词性从句81定语从句91有提示词无提示冠词名词/形容词/副词并列连词、转折连词语法填空考点数词代词状语从句考点题号题目数动词的时态语态1、72非谓语动词2、42代词3动词：谓语、非谓语、词性转换名词：单复数、词性转换形/ 副：词性转换、比较级、最高级代词：人称、物主、反身数词：序数词、基数词有提示动词：谓

16、语、非谓语、词性转换有提示提示词为动词谓语动词非谓语动词 ？ 提示词为动词谓语动词非谓语动词 ？ 如何判断谓&非谓首先找出句中所有的动词：如果一个句子中只有一个动词，这个动词肯定作_。 一个句子中有多个动词，则看有无连词(and, or, but)，有并列连词则为并列的_如没有，其中一个动词作_，其他多为_。谓语谓语非谓语如何判断谓&非谓谓语谓语非谓语Each year, sharks usually kill fewer than 10 people worldwide, and about 100 people (injure).In the past, people (fasten) a

17、 bamboo-made whistle onto a kite.In 2016, a massive renovation project (start) byVanke,Did you know what I did next? I (order) pizza.When the baker (bring) me the bread, I always put it on my scale and give him the same weight of butter.orderedare injuredfastened brings was started考虑时态、语态、主谓一致谓语动词Ea

18、ch year, sharks usually kill非谓语动词(to do, doing, done)非谓语 doing（表主动，表进行） done（表被动，表完成） to do（表目的，表将来）withsb/sth + doing (表主动且进行）sth + done (表被动且完成）sth +to do (表将来）非谓语动词(to do, doing, done)非谓语 dWhile flying through the wind, it made sound like the music _ (produce) by guzheng, a traditional Chinese mu

19、sical instrument.Therefore, the ability (trust) yourself will decide your future a lot.When (listen) to the sound of the waves, I feel peaceful. (build) in 1999, it was the first large ski resort to be built near Beijing.By doing this, the gallery hopes to earn money _ (protect) duced t

20、o trust listeningBuilt非谓语动词(to do, doing, done)to protect非谓作定语看动词与前面被修饰名词的关系非谓语作状语看动词与主句主语的关系While flying through the wind,So the scientists say (hang) out on a cold morning may boost the result of any test that day. That may sound (frighten), but the bee isnt likely to hurt anyone.Mr. Banner, my En

21、glish teacher sent me to an empty desk at the back without (introduce) me to the class.There are different kinds of parrots, but they all have strong beaks and feet, which they use for (climb) and holding food.frightening climbing hangingintroducing非谓作 主宾表语So the scientists say With Longqing Gorge t

22、o itseast and Guanting Reservoir to its west, it has fresh air and an (impress) environment.Garbage (collect) on Qomolangma requires two to three years of training, according to Cering Dandar, a mountaineer and guide.impressive 考虑词性转换collection既不是谓语也不是非谓语时With Longqing Gorge to itseast经验1. 提示词为动词先确定

23、谓语动词还是非谓语动词。2.看到句子缺少谓语动词，则括号中的动词就是谓语动词。3.看到句中已有谓语动词，又没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列，则该动词就是非谓语动词。注意：既不是谓语也不是非谓语时，要考虑词性转换。经验提示词为名词提示词为名词Under the leadership of CPC, many (achievement) can be seen in every field. 海淀2019二模About one million (copy) were sold and we became rich and popular.昌平2019二模When we visited her, sh

24、e would kindly listen to all of our _ (trouble) and then say something so wise that we would leave her home with our singing.海淀2020期末According to many deaf people all around the world, the most _(practice) and popular way of communicating is with sign language. 丰台2019一模They are (noise), but they are

25、 clever birds and it is easy to teach them to talk. 丰台2019二模A black hole is a spot in space that has _(power) gravity.海淀2019一模noisy achievements copies troublespracticalpowerful名词变复数词性转换（构词法）Under the leadership of CPC, m1以s, sh, ch, x等结尾的词加“es”,如2以辅音字母y结尾的词变y为i加es,如babybabies等； 以元音字母y结尾的名词变复数直接加s变复

26、数,如 monkeymonkeys, holidayholidays；3以o 结尾的名词变复数时：a）加s的名词:photophotos ,pianopianos, radioradios, zoozoosb）加es的名词:potatopotatoes, tomatotomatoes, heroheroes 4以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时：a）加s的名词有:beliefbeliefs, roofroofs,safesafes, gulfgulfsb）去掉f, fe 加ves的名词有：halfhalves, knifeknives,leafleaves, wolfwolves,wifewives

27、, lifelives, thiefthieves名词变复数特殊情况busbuses, watchwatches等1以s, sh, ch, x等结尾的词加“es”,如2The past four decades has seen China shift its society from a farmers community to a digital culture (successful). We listened to the laughter of the children and watched the river run by (slow) below. It was (fair)

28、basic: The country now has the worlds (large) high-speed rail network. This means that you can possibly be _ (friendly) to people you do not know and be more creative and able to solve problems more quickly.successfully largest fairlyslowly more friendly/friendlier词性转换提示词为形容词或副词比较级/最高级The past four

29、decades has seen以字母y结尾的形容词，把y改为i，再加上“er”“est”busy(忙碌的)busierbusiestdirty(脏的)dirtierdirtiestdry(干燥的)drierdriestearly(早的)earlierearliesteasy(容易的)easiereasiestfriendly(友好的)friendlierfriendliest双写最后一个字母，再加上“er”“est”：big(大的)biggerbiggestfat(胖的)fatterfattesthot(热的)hotterhottestred(红的)redderreddestsad(伤心的)

30、saddersaddestthin(瘦的)thinnerthinnestwet(湿的)wetterwettestmad(疯的)maddermaddest不规则变化的形容词：bad(坏的)worseworstgood/well(好的)betterbestill(病的)worseworstlittle(少的)lessleastmany/much(多的)moremostfar(远的)farther/furtherfarthest/furthestold(年老的)olderoldest (oldeldereldest)以字母y结尾的形容词，把y改为i，再加上“er”“est主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词

31、性物主代词反身代词I（我）me（我）my（我的）mine（我的）myselfwe（我们）us（我们）our（我们的）ours（我们的）ourselvesyou（你/你们）you（你/你们）your(你的/你们的)yours(你的/你们的)yourself/yourselveshe （他）him（他）his（他的）his（他的）himselfshe（她）her（她）her（她的）hers她的）Herselfit（它）it（它）its（它的）its（它的）Itselfthey(他们）them（他们）their(他们的）theirs（他们的）themselves谓语动词前作主语用主格动词/介词后用宾

32、格名词前要用形物代,表示某人的名物代=形物代+名词自己提示词为代词主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词I（我）me（This angered (he), so he took the farmer to court. Also, speaking is very difficult for the deaf, because they cant hear (they) own voices. he made (we) feel more satisfied with our life without even having to use one word. And this ambi

33、tion may be due to the fact that Chinas young people are now more confident about (they) own culture. So when youre in a hard situation, you will believe in _ (you) and spend the most difficult time with confidence. theirustheiryourself him出题形式：给出代词主格形式考查重点：人称代词（宾格）、 形容词性物主代词、 反身代词This angered (连词,

34、介词, 冠词, 代词每空仅填写一个词！无提示类连词, 介词, 冠词, 代词无提示类连词连词并列连词从属连词表并列/转折/对比/选择/因果 and/but/while/or/for/so名词性从句 定语从句状语从句 主语从句 宾语从句表语从句 连词词组 not onlybut also, bothand eitheror, neithernor, that, wh-, how, wh-ever,since, as, because, if, although 连词连词并列连词从属连词表并列/转折/对比/选择/因果 an连接词 ：that, if, whether不缺成分无意义2. 连接代词 ：w

35、hat, who, whoever, whom, whatever, which, whichever, whose, whosever3. 连接副词： when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however“是否”缺状语名词性从句（主、宾、表）缺主/宾/表主语从句：在开头或者特殊句式中宾语从句：在动词或介词后表语从句：在系动词后缺不缺？缺什么？连接词 ：that, if, whether不缺成分无意义2 I enjoyed most were the cafes.By doing so, you could know you are weak i

36、n.The judge asked the farmer he had a measuring tool. The farmer replied, “I have a pair of scale. In fact, cocoa beans were very important to people there. That was they were used as money.What what if/whether why一找二查三选：从句：缺不缺？缺什么？：意思适合的连接词名词性从句（主、宾、表） I enjoyed most w定语从句先行词 + 关系词 + 从 句定语从句先行词 + 关

37、系词 + 从 句You are more likely to be attacked in parts of the sea _ tourists throw in food to bring in sharks. The performers tie two wooden stilts(高跷)to their feet, _ makes them taller than others. When I was in high school our physics teacher gave us a challenge involved making a paper airplane of an

38、y shape.Charlie Chaplin was an extraordinary performer _ acted in and directed many outstanding comedies.where that/whichwhichwho/that 定语从句定语从句多位于被修饰的名词后，首先要看看先行词指人、物、时间、地点还是其他，然后判断引导词在从句中的成分，再根据定语从句规则确定使用哪个引导词。You are more likely to be atta Its an organization that introduces solar cookers to devel

39、oping countries teaches people how to use them. Kite flying is popular around China. It is known as zhiyuan, as kites were made of paper when they fly, they are like eagles.Your teeth may be part of your smile, they have a more important jobthey are the first step in the process of digestion. andbut

40、and连词4.A team will deal with the task the climbing season ends this May, by which time there will be fewer visitors.when/after并列连词状语从句 Its an organization that int完整句子中，并列的两个单词或短语之间，需要填并列连词。 如果两个句子（即两个主谓结构）之间直接连接或用逗号连接 , 需要填并列连词或从属连词。特殊句式的连词应用。连词完整句子中，并列的两个单词或短语之间，需要填并列连词。 连词 the age of 10, I went t

41、o the beach for the first time.60 million sharks are killed _ food and medicine every year. who may be leading experts their fields. young people, we should focus more on major problems, like poverty, environmental problems and healthcare facing all human beings.What a particular people like to eat

42、can tell us a lot a countrys geography, history and traditions.Anyone can participate in this movement switching off the lights at 8:30 PM local time.At byfor inAsabout介词考查基本用法or固定搭配 the age of 10, IDiscovering yourself plays important role in inspiring your confidence.海淀2019二模 As result, people wil

43、l eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. 2017课标全国卷I冠词ana北京卷近6年未考Discovering yourself plays 无提示类解题技巧(1)缺主语或宾语，考虑填代词;(2)名词前面考虑填限定词或介词;(3)代词前面考填介词，同时考虑动宾搭配或介宾搭配;(4)若两个单词、短语或句子(一个主谓关系算一个句子)之间没有连接词，也没有分号或句号，考虑填连词。无提示类解题技巧(1)缺主语或宾语，考虑填代词;Summary有提示词无提示词Summary有提示词无提示词Tips书写要规范，不丢冤枉分！在

44、句首别忘了首字母大写！每空仅一词的一定不要分开！Tips书写要规范，不丢冤枉分！The more difficult, the better? 不要花大量的时间去钻难题、偏题和怪题，而要牢牢掌握最常用的语法要点，达到运用自如。语法填空题考高分的同学不是经常钻难题，而是能够熟练和准确地应用基础语法，减少基础题的失误就能拿高分!The more difficult, the better分秒必争，为梦想奋斗！Homework 复习本课所学并完成两套语法填空试题，体会做题技巧。分秒必争，为梦想奋斗！Homework 复习本课所学并完成两Have a try!ATea is 21 important part of Chinese tradition. It is deeply woven into the history and culture of China. Together 22 firewood, rice, oil, salt, soy sauce, and v