形容词、副词用法及比较级和最高级的用法课件

1、专题七形容词和副词 齐齐哈尔市第二十九中学 于 杰 形容词和副词 形容词用于修饰名词，表示人或事物的属性或 特征等。 副词是用来说明动作或状态的特征,说明时间， 地点，程度等概念。它用来修饰动词、形容词、 副词、短语或句子。请你思考：什么是形 容词和副词？用法例 句补充说明作定语This is an interesting book.I have nothing important to tell you.形容词作定语时放在被修饰词之前，修饰不定代词放在后面作表语The work is difficult.She looks happy today.作表语与系动词连用作宾补Please kee

2、p the room clean. I find it very beautiful.形容词的用法多个形容词修饰名词的顺序：限定词（冠词、指示代词）+数词+描述性的形容词+大小长短高低+形状+年龄+新旧+颜色+国籍+材料质地+用途类别+n口诀：限数描述大长高 形状年龄与新旧 颜色国籍和材料 用途类别往后靠 简记： 描形年颜地材途The +adj+复数谓语动词常见的形容词： dead，poor，rich, old, young, sick, blind, deaf, strong,black,wise, foolish, brave, diligent(勤奋的） marriedThe +国家、民

3、族adj +复数谓语动词常出现的国家： the British ， the English ， the French ， the Chinese The Chinese are hard-working.黑龙江近5年真题命题热点： 1 形容词辨析 2 形容词短语辨析 3 副词辨析 4 形容词和副词混合辨析黑龙江近5年真题命题点一：形容词辨析 形容词辨析考察特点： 不同形容词的辨析 同一词根的不同形式单词的辨析 形容词 与enough的位置关系 不同形容词的辨析解题思路： 读懂句意 抓住关键信息 分析选项表达意思 结合日常生活及语境 辨别差异常见的分词的形容词annoy bore embarra

4、ss frighten/terrify move relax puzzle satisfy tire worry disappoint discourage encourage amaze fascinate形容词与enough的位置关系enough作副词，修饰形容词和副词，放在形容词和副词之后enough作形容词，修饰名词，既放在名词之前也可放在名词之后in short in general in vain for certain/suresooner or later once more more/less thanat least/most /worst make the best of

5、 副词的分类时间副词 now,before, lately, tonight地点副词 here, there, somewhere频率副词 always, often, usually, seldom程度副词 very, rather, quite, enough方式副词 quickly, carefully, calmly方向副词 forward, backward疑问副词 when, where, how, why连接副词 when, where, why ,how 副词的构成 有许多副词是对应的形容词加ly构成,如: strong - strongly real - really 词尾是

6、y的要把y变为i再加 ly, busy - busily happy - happily 以e结尾的,大部分直接加-ly, wide widely late - - lately 有几个特殊的要去e后再加-ly或y, true - truly terrible-terribly副词的用法1.主要用作状语,修饰动词、形容词、副词，还可以修饰介词短语和句子。 I have already prepared my lesson.(修饰动词) He has been extremely busy these days.(修饰形容词)2.也可以用作表语或定语,作定语时通常后置. The girl the

7、re is my sister.(作定语) Is your brother in ?(作表语)3.有些副词(rather、quite等)通常可以防在名词前用于加强语气.用 法例 句作表语My mother is out .作定语The girl there is my friend .作状语He runs fast. 作宾补I found him outside.命题点三：副词辨析命题点一：副词辨析 副词的辨析考察特点： 1 以-ly结尾的副词辨析 2 程度副词辨析 3 频率副词 命题点四：形容词和副词混合辨析形容词和副词辨析考察特点：A 同一词根的两个词性的混合辨B 两个单词两个词性之间的混

8、合辨 析 方 法 突 破根据空格处所修饰的成分确定是形容词还是副词 修饰名词形容词 修饰动词或形容词副词副词 系动词形容词形容词和副词的比较级和最高级1、规则变化 （词 尾 变 化）单音节词在词尾加-er(比较级)或-est(最高级)以字母e接尾的词加r或sttallwidetallerwidertallestwidest以重读闭音节结尾的词末尾只有一个辅音字母应双写辅音字母再加er或esthothotterhottest以辅音字母+y结尾的词变为i再加er,或esthappyhappierhappiest多音节词和多数双音节词在其前面加more 和most popularmore popul

9、arthe most popular2. 不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest形容词和副词的比较级和是高级形容词副词比较级的常用句型1、比较级+thanShe is fatter than he.He is thinner than she.2、比较级+and+比较级 越来越 In spring, the days are getting long

10、er and longer.His voice got weaker and weaker in the end.These days more and more people are learning English.I find the price of house is more and more expensive. It becomes colder and colder when winter comes.3、表示两者之间的选择，可使用“Which/Who + 比较级，or?” Which is longer, this one or that?Who is taller, Mar

11、y or Jane?形容词和副词的比较级其它用法1表示倍数的三个句型：(1).times as形容词原级as.This table is 3 times as big as that one.(2).times the性质名词of.This table is 3 times the size of that one.(3).times形容词比较级than.This table is 2 times bigger than that one.2同程度级的比较，用as.as，the same as，such.as引导：Henry does not have so/as many books as

12、I have.亨利不如我的书多。3the比较级，the比较级The more you talked，the less attention he paid to you.你说得越多，他越不注意你。4the比较级of the two名词：The taller of the two boys is my brother. 这两个男孩中较高的是我弟弟。5一个人的两种品质的比较，用more.than结构：I think shes more shy than unfriendly.与其说她不友好，不如说她害羞。6否定比较级最高级 There is no greater love than that of

13、a man who lays down his life for his friends.为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。7比较的对象不能相互包容，注意：比较级+than+The Mississippi River is longer than any other river in the United States.密西西比河是美国最长的河。8比较级的修饰语常见的有：much，still，even，far，any(用于否定句或疑问句)，a lot，a little，a great deal，by far，a bit，three times等。The students study eve

14、n harder than before.学生们比以前学习更努力了。any other+单数the other+复数/the others8比较的对象应该相同。The population of China is larger than that of any other country in the world.中国的人口比世界上任何其他国家的都多。China has a larger population than any other country in the world.9.no比较级than的特殊含义A is no more careful than BA和B两人都不仔细。A is

15、 no less careful than BA和B两人都很仔细。 形容词副词最高级的常用句型1、the 最高级+of (in)Hong JinbaoZheng ZeshiNuttyZheng is fatter than Hong.Nutty is the fattest of the three.Noodles are more delicious than dumplings.The cake is the most delicious of all.2、副词的最高级前（the) 可以省略Tom runs fast.Jill runs faster.Bob runs fastest.To

16、m comes to school late.Jill comes to school later.Bob comes to school latest.Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers last century.The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 3、表示“最之一”和“第个最”时one of +最高级+名词复数the first/second/third+最高级+名词单数。 4、用or连接两项需作比较的内容时，须用比较级；若or连接三项或三项以上的内容时，则须用最高级。Who

17、is taller, Mary or Jane?Which is biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth? 5、掌握几种同义句转换He is taller than any other student in his class. = He is taller than the other students in his class.= He is the tallest (student)in his class. 用所给形容词的正确形式填空1.This is a _ street. That street is_. Zhong Shan Road is

18、 _ of the three.(busy) 2.Fish and chips are very_. Fried chicken is_(delicious).3.Dicks kite is _. Kates kite is_ than Dicks.4. Wuhan is a _city, Beijing is_ than Wuhan.Shanghai is _ city in China.(big)busybusierthe busiestdeliciousmore deliciousbeautifulmore beautifulbigbiggerthe biggestExcercise A

19、上海是中国最大的城市。他是三者当中最矮的。英语是最重要的学科之一。高老师是最受欢迎的教师之一。Shanghai is the biggest city in China.He is the shortest of the three.English is one of the most important subjects.Miss Gao is one of the most popular teachers.Excercise C小结3.掌握形容词、副词表示比较的几种结构。表示两者“相等”用，as+形容词/副词原级+比较对象；表示“不如”没有“不相等”，用“not+as/so+形容词、副词

20、原级+as+比较对象”；用形容词、副词的比较级+than从句表示两者比较；比较级前可用much,a little,a lot, far， still,no,even,any 等表示程度；and连接同一个比较级，表示越来越；the+比较级.the+另一个比较级表示越越；形容词、副词前如有：very,too,quite,rather等修饰，一般用原级；三者、三者以上的比较，一般用最高级；常用介词in，of短语表示比较的范围；表示“最之一”，用one of +最高级+复数名词；最高级前一般要加“the”；副词最高级前可加“the”也可不加“the”；当最高级前有物主代词时，则不加“the”。Prac

21、tice1. A horse is _ than a dog A. much heavy B. more heavier C. much heavier 2. Emma always makes a lot of mistakes . She is _ A. care B. careful C. carefully D. careless3. Which subject is _ , physics or chemistry ? A. interesting B. most interesting C. more interesting D. the most interesting CDC4. I think YaoMing the famous basketball player , will be _ new Star in NBAHot B. hotter C. hottest D. the hottest 5. In our city its _ in July ,but it is even _