教育类词汇及练习

1、教育类词汇及翻译练习1办学效益efficiency in school management协调发展coordinated and balanced program of development教育投入imput in education优化教师队伍optimize the teaching staff职前教育pre-service education岗位培训undergo job-specific training提高的思想品德Enhance the moral awareness of2职业道德professional ethics重点学科key disciplinary areas or

2、 priority fields of study(大学)专科short 2- to 3- year higher education programs扫盲班literacy class注册人数enrollment3在职培训On-the-job/ in-service training基础学科The fundamentals学分制The credit system三学期制The trimester system双学士制A double BA degree system4年龄段age bracket希望工程Project Hope/ Hope Project学龄儿童school-ager人才枯竭

3、Exhaustion of human resources辍/失学青少年School dropout/leaver基金会Foundation5主副修制A system of a major field of specialization plus a minor field教学、科研、生产的“三结合”“3-in-1 combination” involving teaching, research, and production定向招生Students are admitted to be trained for pre-determined employers6包分配Guarantee jo

4、b assignment(s)示范试点Demonstrate pilot project多学科的Multi-disciplinary重点大学Key university博士后科研流动站Center for post-doctoral studies7结业证书Certificate of Completion 毕业证书Certificate of Graduation 肄业证书Certificate of Completion/Incompletion/ 教育学院College/Institute of Education 中学Middle/Secondary School 师范学校Normal

5、 Schoolupper secondary level 8师范专科学校Normal Specialized Postsecondary College 师范大学NormalTeachers University公正书Notarial Certificate 专科学校 Postsecondary Specialised College 广播电视大学Radio and Television University 中等专科学校Secondary Specialised School 自学考试Self-Study Examination 9技工学校Skilled Workers Training S

6、chool 业余大学Spare-Time University 职工大学Staff and Workers University大学University (regular,degree-granting) 职业大学Vocational University10坚持优先发展教育事业。今年要研究制定国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要，对2020年前我国教育改革发展做出全面部署。年内要重点抓好五个方面。We will continue to give priority to developing education. This year we will formulate the Outline of

7、 the National Medium- and Long-Term Program for Education Reform and Development to make comprehensive arrangements for education reform and development in China through 2020. This year, we need to focus on the following five areas.11一是促进教育公平。落实好城乡免费义务教育政策。提高农村义务教育公用经费标准，把小学、初中学生人均公用经费分别提高到300元和500元

8、。逐步解决农民工子女在输入地免费接受义务教育问题。First, we will promote fairness in education. We will implement free compulsory education policies for both urban and rural areas well. We will increase public expenditures on rural compulsory education to 300 yuan per primary school student and 500 yuan per junior secondary

9、 school student. We will progressively ensure that children of rural migrant workers have access to free compulsory education in the places where their families have relocated. 12增加农村义务教育阶段家庭经济困难寄宿生的生活补助。争取三年内基本解决农村“普九”债务问题。We will increase living allowances for rural students receiving compulsory e

10、ducation who come from poor families and stay in school dormitories. We will strive to basically clear the debts incurred in providing nine-year compulsory education in rural areas within three years. 13完善国家助学制度，加大对中等职业学校和高等院校家庭经济困难学生的资助，确保人人享有平等的受教育机会，不让一个孩子因家庭经济困难而失学。 We will improve the national

11、financial aid system for students and increase financial aid for secondary vocational school and university students from poor families to ensure that everyone enjoys equal opportunity to receive education and that no child is denied schooling due to financial difficulties.14二是优化教育结构。大力发展职业教育，特别要重点支

12、持农村中等职业教育。逐步实行中等职业教育免费，今年先从农村家庭经济困难学生和涉农专业做起。Second, we will optimize the education structure. We will energetically develop vocational education, with the focus on supporting rural secondary vocational education. We will gradually make secondary vocational education free, beginning this year with r

13、ural students from poor families and students studying agriculture-related subjects. 15继续提高高等教育质量，推进高水平大学和重点学科建设，引导高等学校调整专业和课程设置，适应市场和经济社会发展需求。 We will continue to improve the quality of higher education, develop high-quality universities and key disciplines, and guide institutions of higher learnin

14、g to adapt their specialties, curriculums and courses to meet the needs of the market and Chinas economic and social development.16三是加强教师队伍建设。对义务教育阶段教师实行绩效工资制度，提高1200万中小学教师待遇，中央财政为此将投入120亿元，地方财政也要增加投入。Third, we will improve the quality of teachers. We will apply a performance-based salary system for

15、 teachers in compulsory education and raise salaries for the 12 million primary and secondary school teachers. The central government will spend 12 billion yuan and local governments will also increase funding for this purpose. 17全面加强教师特别是农村教师培训，鼓励大学生、师范生到基层、农村任教。 We will step up training for all te

16、achers, especially rural teachers, and encourage graduates from teachers colleges and other colleges and universities to teach at community and village schools.18四是推进素质教育。各级各类教育都要着眼于促进人的全面发展，加快课程、教材、教育方法和考试评价制度改革，把中小学生从过重的课业负担中解放出来，让学生有更多的时间思考、实践、创造。 Fourth, we will advance well-rounded education. E

17、ducation of all types and at all levels must focus on promoting all-round development of students. Reform of curriculums, textbooks, teaching methods and examination and evaluation systems should be accelerated to relieve primary and secondary school students of their excessive study load so that they will have more time to think, practice and create.19五是实施全国中小学校舍安全工程，推进农村中小学标准化建设。要把学校建成最安全、家长最放心的地方。 Fifth, we will implem