分娩背膘厚,泌乳期营养水平和窝仔数对母猪性能的影响

1、The influence of fatness at parturition,nutrition during lactation and litter size on the performance of breeding sows分娩背膘厚,泌乳期营养水平和窝仔数对母猪性能的影响普乐维美技术总监 杨红业博士Feeding strategies based on weight change of the sow are being challenged 根据母猪体重变化而决定饲养策略正受到挑战Feeding strategies based on the backfat change or

2、 body condition might be more appropriate根据背膘变化或体况而决定饲养策略则更为恰当CHANGING SOWS母猪的变化WHY HAVE SOWS CHANGED ? 为何使母猪变?Selection for slaughter pig traits 生长猪性状选择fast growth 生长快lean carcass瘦肉率高high feed efficiency饲料利用率高Selection for maternal traits (prolificacy) 母体性状的选择0.05 increase in litter size per year 每

3、年窝仔数增加0.05头CONSEQUENCES FOR THE SOW 母猪变化的结果Bigger mature size成年体重增加Greater drive for maternal growth母体生长速度施压加大Reduced fat reserves体脂储备减少Lower appetite食欲下降Higher production level生产水平提高CONSEQUENCES FOR LONGEVITY 母体变化对生产年限的影响FH6 FH10 FL6 FL10 TH6 TH10 TL6 TL10Backfat depth at parturition 分 娩背膘厚18-22mm1

4、0-14mmFeeding level during lactation 泌乳期饲养水平Litter size窝仔数 6 10 6 10 6 10 6 10 7kg 3kg 7kg 3kgTotal number of sows: 102 试验母猪总数:102头EXPERIMENT DESIGN 试验设计Ingredient composition of diets日粮原料组成Grower生长料 Breeding sow母猪料Barley(大麦) 332.0 619.3Wheat(小麦) 350.0 100.0Wheat bran(麦麸) 100.0Soya 42 (豆粕) 139.5 94.

5、4Full fat soya(全脂大豆) 50.0Fish meal(鱼粉) 65.2 40.0Molasses(糖蜜) 25.0 20.0Fat (脂肪) 12.0Limestone(石粉) 7.8 6.9DCP(磷酸氢钙) 12.0 14.6Lysine(赖氨酸) 2.2Salt(盐) 1.8 2.3 Vit.&Min(维矿) 2.5 2.5Nutrient analysis of diets 日粮营养分析Grower生长料 Breeding sow母猪料DE(MJ/kg) 14.3 13.2 CP(g/kg) 200.0 162.2Oil (g/kg) 39.9 21.4Crude fi

6、bre(g/kg) 36.6 44.8Lysine(g/kg) 13.5 8.2 LACTATION FEED INTAKE 泌乳期摄食量PARITY(胎次) FH TH 137 148 NS2+3+4 137 175 *WEIGHT AND P2 GAIN IN PREGNANCY 妊娠体重和P2变化FAT THINHIGH LOWWt(kg)P2(mm) 44 5.5 2.7 573.3 4.9WEIGHT AND P2 GAIN IN LACTATION 泌乳期体重和P2变化FATTHINHIGHLOW610Wt(kg)-28-15-7-36-16-28P2(mm)-4.7-2.5-2.

7、0-5.2-2.9-4.4WEIGHT AND P2 GAIN FORM WEANING TO OESTRUS断奶到再发情体重和P2的变化HIGHLOWWt(kg/d)-3-0.3P2(mm/d)-0.3-0.1CONCLUSION 小结Less feed was required to achieve targets of fatness in parity1 头胎母猪需要较少的饲料达到所设定的背膘厚;Feed intake in pregnancy affected intake in lactation only from parity 2 onwards妊娠期摄食量仅从第二胎开始影响泌

8、乳期摄食量;High-fed sows lost more weight and backfat from weaning to oestrus泌乳期高水平饲养的母猪在断奶到再发情期间失重大,掉膘多.WEANING TO OESTRUS AND TO CONCEPTION INTERVAL 断奶到再发情和受胎间隔时间(天)ParityFTHL1-2914*815*2-577NS77NS1-21215NS1015*2-488NS97NSSOWS SHOWING OESTRUS AND CONCEPTION IN 8 DAYS断奶后8天内发情和受胎的母猪数ParityFH+FL+THTL1-20.

9、83(54/65)0.3(6/20)*2-50.88(144/164)0.9(44/49)NS1-20.7(45/64)0.3(6/20)*2-40.79(90/114)0.84(27/32)NSLITTER SIZE (BORN ALIVE) 产活仔数ParityFTHL61019.39.59.29.69.29.62+3+49.910.110.010.010.19.8PEGLET GROWTH RATE(g/d)仔猪生长速度(克/天)ParityFT6101195160*195163*2+3+4219205NS239184*0-28d post partumCARCASS COMPONENT

10、S (kg) OF SOWS母猪的胴体组成FTHLLean in carcass胴体瘦肉含量9392NS10084*Subcutaneous fat皮下脂肪2414*2216*intermuscular fat肌间脂肪1310*1310*Weaning parity 4CHEMICAL COMPOSTITIONS (KG) OF SOWS母体的化学成分FTHLWater 水分113110NS119104*Protein 蛋白质3836NS4036*Lipid 类脂4533*4633*Ash 灰分1010NS119NSWenaing parity 4CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS (

11、%LW) OF SOWS母体的化学成分(%体重)FTHLWater5052NS5052NSProtien 16.916.6NS16.716.8NSAsh 4.34.7NS4.64.5NSLipid 19.715.5*19.216.0*Weaning parity 4CHANGES IN 14 DAYS POST-WEANING断奶后第14天时的变化HL610Live weight(kg)-172*-11-4*P2 (mm)-1.3-0.1*-1.3-0.1*Water (kg)-7.21.0*-4.4-1.9*Protein (kg)-2.90.4*-1.8-0.7*Lipid (kg)-3.

12、50.4*-2.3-0.8*Daily energy intake=40 MJ DEEFFICIENCY OF USE DE 可消化能的利用效率FH10FL10TH10TL100.1520.1290.1460.112Maternal gain+piglet productLeast significant difference 0.02CONCLUSION 小结Weaning to oestrus and to conception interval was significantly influenced by lactation feed intake only betwwen parity1 and 2; 仅头胎母猪断奶后发情和受胎时间受泌乳期摄食量的影响;Piglet growth rate was significantly influeced by No.of piglet presented and by the gestation feed intake only in parity 1.窝仔数和仅