诚实难道它正在变得不合时宜

1、Unit 8Honesty: Is It Going out of Style?诚实：难道它正在变得不合时宜？ 1I. Word Study 21. indication n. (1) sign or suggestion 迹象e.g. There is not much indication that the drought will be over soon.The bed showed indication of being slept in. 3(2) pointing to or out 指示，表示e.g. We use different tones for the indicat

2、ion of different meanings. The indication of that arrow is that visitors should turn left here. 42. corresponding a. (1) matching 相应的，相当的e.g. The peace talk was held between corresponding officials in the two governments. The average temperature in July this year is 0.5 degree higher that in the cor

3、responding period last year. 5(2) the same 符合的，一致的e.g. You win the lottery if you had chosen a number corresponding to the one published in the newspaper. The police found corresponding footprints outside the house where the murder took place. 6Note:correspond with: 与符合，一致； 与 通信correspond to: 相当于，相似

4、 correspondence n. correspondent n. a. 符合的，一致的；记者，通讯员 73. charge (n.) (1) accusation 指控，控告，指责e.g. The former football star was arrested on a charge of manslaughter. The opposition brings a charge of corruption against the administration. The ex-president now faces charges of sexual harassment. 8(2)

5、price asked for goods or services 价钱，费用e.g. Services charges are not included in hotel rates. You can dial 1-800 numbers free of charge. 9(3) amount of electricity contained in a substance 电荷，充电，负荷e.g. a negative charge a positive charge 10charge (v.) (1) accuse指控，控告，指责e.g. His former secretary char

6、ged him with sexual harassment. The boxer was charged with rape.cf. accuse sb. of sth. 11(2) ask as a price 索价，收费；要价，要支付e.g. The railway company charges half price for students. The hotel charges $2 for washing and ironing a shirt. 12(3) put an amount of electricity into 使充电，使充满e.g. Batteries for mo

7、bile phones need charging every eight hours. 13Note:in charge (of): 负责，主管 take charge of: 负责under the charge of: 在 的主管之下in full charge: 负全部责任 144. requirement n. sth. needed or demanded 要求；必要条件；需要（的东西） e.g. There is a greater requirement for electricity in summer than in any other season. We will tr

8、y our best to meet the requirements of our customers. Chinese, maths, and English are three major requirements in college entrance. 155. moral a. concerning principles of right and wrong 道德的，有道德的e.g. the moral sense 道德感，是非感 Moral standards change with time. 16(n.) that which a story, event, or exper

9、ience teaches 教训；寓意e.g. The moral of this story is that one should judge for oneself. You may draw your own moral from this incident.Note: moral n. 道德，品行，道德规范 176. clue n. sth. that helps to find an answer to a question 线索e.g. Holmes has found some clue to the mystery. The letter gave a clue as to w

10、here the treasure had been buried. 187. vast a. (1) large in quantity 巨大的，庞大的，大量的e.g. He inherited a vast sum of money from his aunt. Look out! A vast swarm of bees are coming this way. 19(2) extensive 广阔的，浩瀚的e.g. Troops in the Yuan Dynasty captured vast expanses of land in the West. The vast ocean

11、stretches for thousands of miles. 208. economy n. (1) control and management of the money, goods and other resources of a community, society or household 经济 e.g. The Industrial Revolution wiped out cottage economy in Britain. The development of economy is of utmost importance to a country. 21(2) car

12、eful use of money, time, strength, etc 节俭，节约e.g. It is never a shame to practise economy.Note: economics n. 经济学economic a. 经济的，经济学的economical a. 节俭的 economize v. 节约，节省 22II. Language Points (Reference背景知识) 231. go (be) out of style: become (be) no longer or cease to be fashionable 过时，不再流行 e.g. Is lo

13、ng hair going definitely out of style in your country? I dont think frugality has gone out of style.Note: in style (opposite) 242. admit to: (formal) confess to; not deny 承认，供认e.g. Did the young man admit to taking these commodities without paying for them? Mrs. Cross admits to being easily annoyed.

14、 25Note:be admitted to / into: 允许进入；被招收admit doing sth.: 承认 263. It can be argued (that): 人们可以争论/争辩说 e.g. It can be argued (that) money may not bring you happiness. It can be argued (that) success in exams may not mean much. 274. be faced with: be confronted with; meet face to face 面对e.g. Now we are

15、 all faced with a very difficult situation. Faced with such a rival, he has little chance of winning. 285. be hard on: be stern or strict with; be an unjust or unlucky burden on 对 过分严厉e.g. Dont be too hard on the child. Its hard on John, having to work when the rest of us are vacationing. 296. on th

16、e rise: increasing 在增长；在加剧 e.g. The number of students in our college is on the rise. The sales volume of the new products has been on the rise since the manager advertised them on the TV. 307. a case in point: a fit example 恰当的例子e.g. An average student can be a top student without additional work.

17、Cathy is a case in point. Nearly all major cities in the US are crime-ridden. A case in point is Chicago. 318. possess vt. have; own 占有，拥有e.g. He was charged with possessing drugs. He lost all he possessed in the fire.Note: be possessed of: 拥有，具有 329. launch (v.) (1) start; set going 发起，发动（运动）；推出（产品

18、）e.g. Truck drivers in France launched a strike for earlier retirement. The government launched an attack against corruption. 33(2) set a ship afloat 使（船）下水e.g. The First Lady was invited to launch the new ship. 34(3) set a rocket, missile, etc. in motion 发射e.g. launch a satellite / rocket / missile

19、 It is expensive to launch an astronaut into outer space. 35(n.) setting in motion 发射；（船）下水；（新产品）投产e.g. The world was shocked at the failed launch of spaceship “Challenger”. The launch of a new ship is usually celebrated with champagne. 3610. campaign n. (1) series of planned activities for some spe

20、cial purpose 运动e.g. The Democratic Party waged / launched /carried on / mounted a fund-raising campaign. The Parent-Teacher Association started a campaign against smoking in school. 37(2) series of planned military operations with a set purpose 战役e.g. The Saratoga Campaign is a turning point in Amer

21、ican Independence War. The soldier was awarded three campaign medals for bravery. 3811. in the case of: so far as someone or something is concerned 就 来说，至于e.g. Poverty depressed most people; but in the case of my father / in my fathers case it only urged him to work harder. We cant make an exception

22、 in the case of Mary. 3912. come to a bad end: come to some misfortune, esp. to an unpleasant death 没有好下场，结果不得好死e.g. You will surely come to a bad end / come to no good end if you keep driving so carelessly. If you dont give up crime, youll come to a bad end. 4013. reinforce vt. strengthen 加强e.g. Mo

23、re troops were sent to reinforce the fortress. Most modern buildings are made of reinforced concrete. The football team was reinforced by two foreign goalkeepers. 4114. lie in: exist in; be found in 在于e.g. The cure for ignorance lies in education. Do you believe that “Happiness lies in contentment”?

24、 The greatest charm of the brides costume lies in its simplicity. 4215. overnight a. (1) for or during the night 住一夜的；一整夜的e.g. This kind of bamboo can grow 20 centimeters taller overnight. The bag contains things I will need when staying overnight at a hotel. 43(2) suddenly 一夜间；突然，一下子e.g. Those who

25、grow rich overnight are eyed with suspicion. Public opinion tends to change overnight. 4416. at ones best: in ones best condition or state 处于最佳状态e.g. He acted in all kinds of plays, but he was at his best in comedy. To see this part of the countryside at its best, you need to come in June. 4517. num

26、erous a. many 许多的，众多的e.g. Numerous village and township enterprises have sprung up since 1978. Numerous stars were born after the Big Bang. 4618. reveal vt. (1) expose; make known 揭露，泄露e.g. His wife did not reveal to the patient his hopeless condition. Investigation revealed the womens 800-meter rac

27、e champion to be a man in disguise. His life was threatened for revealing the secret. 47(2) cause to be seen 展现，显示e.g. Their faces reveal shock and disbelief. Those pictures reveal to us a wonderful world under water. 4819. incident n. event; happening 事件，事变e.g. Even such an ordinary incident reveal

28、s greatness in his character. The Communist Party and the National Party agreed to fight against Japanese invasion after the Xian Incident. 4920. tend to: be apt to; have a tendency to 易于, 往往会, 倾向于 e.g. Farmers tend to use more machinery now. Children tend to like cartoon movies. Note: tend to: 照料，服

29、侍；注意，留心tend to /toward sth. : 有 的趋势 5021. link (v.) join or connect 连接；联系e.g. The Great Lakes link the USA and Canada. Scholarships are linked to academic performance. 51(n.) one ring or loop of a chain; person or thing that connects two others 链环，连杆；环节，联系，纽带e.g. Researches have established the link

30、 between smoking and cancer. She kept a link of her mothers hair in the locket. 5222. anyway ad. (1) in any case 无论如何e.g. Its no use crying over split milk, anyway. Anyway you can try. 53(2) by any possible means 不论以任何方式e.g. There must be something wrong with my computer. I couldnt get hooked up to

31、the Internet anyway. 5423. tempt vt. (1) persuade (sb.) to do sth. wrong or foolish 引诱，诱惑e.g. The Serpent tempted Eve to eat the forbidden fruit. He was tempted into selling top military secrets to foreign intelligence agents. 55(2) attract 吸引，引起 的兴趣e.g. I feel tempted to eat more than is good for m

32、y health. The spring sun tempted us to go for a walk.Note: temptation n. 引诱，诱惑 56Chinese-English Translation1. Vast amounts of investment have enabled the economy of the area to grow rapidly.2. They launched a campaign to raise money for a new hospital. 573. It is true that success lies in diligence

33、.4. Men of high moral standards, they are never to be tempted to take such expensive gifts.5. There are indication that numerous factories are faced with a very difficult situation.586. The police arrested the criminal on a charge of armed robbery several hours after they found an important clue to

34、his identity.7. Investigation has revealed that retirement tends to cause psychological troubles for some people.598. The medical team did more than complain about the relatively poor working conditions at the local hospital. For instance, several doctors bought simple medical instruments with their

35、 own money.60English-Chinese Translation1. 今天，荣誉已成为傻瓜的美德：如果今天亚伯拉罕林肯步行10英里去归还一本图书馆的书，他回受到嘲笑，被人称作白痴。2. 因此，自由世界只能无可奈何地、悲伤地坐在收音机旁，等候着这支无畏的联合大军被消灭的噩耗。613. 她只列出了她想活下去的理由：她的三个子女，他们要过三四年才能自立；她从小就有的周游世界见见世面的梦想。4. 就她的年龄而言，她是我所认识的最年轻、最有活力的人之一，而这全因为有一位施行体外循环心脏手术的外科医生知道如何维护自己职业的荣耀，如何慷慨帮助别人。625. 在一位深受圣雄甘地非暴力方式启发的

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