2019年上海市奉贤区高考英语一模试卷

1、2019年上海市奉贤区高考英语一模试卷II. Grammar and Vocabulary. (15 分)To Be Joyful , To Be YoungWhat really works to make sustainable changes in diet and lifestyle? Its probably notwhat you think . In the past 30 years of conducting clinical research , I ( 1)( learn)that real keys are pleasure , joy and freedom . Jo

2、y of living is sustainable ; fear of dying is not .Why ? Because life is to be enjoyed . Theres no point ( 2)( abandon )something you enjoy unless you get something back thats even better , and quickly . When people eat more healthfully , (3)(quit ) smoking , and manage stress better , theyfind they

3、 feel so much better , so quickly . It reconstructs the reason for making these changes from fear of dying to joy of living .When you exercise and eat right , your brain receives more blood flow and oxygen , so you become smarter , have more energy , and need less sleep . Two studies showed just wal

4、king for three hours per week for only three months caused so many neurons(神经细胞)(grow ) that it actually increased the size of peoples brains!Your face receives more blood flow , so your skin glows more and wrinkles less . You look younger and more attractive . In contrast , an unhealthy diet , last

5、ing emotional stress and smoking reduce blood flow to your face ( 5)you age more quickly . Smokingspeeds up aging because nicotine contributes to your blood vessel becoming narrower,(6)decreases blood flow to your face and makes it wrinkle prematurely. This is why smokerslook years older than they r

6、eally are .One of the most interesting findings was that the mothers awareness of stress was more important than ( 7)was objectively occurring in their lives ( 8)( give)a questionnaire , the women were asked to rate on a three point scale how stressed they felt each day . The women who realized they

7、 were under heavy stress had significantly shortened and damaged telomeres(染色体端粒)compared with ( 9 )who felt morerelaxed . Contrarily , some of the women who felt relaxed( 10)raising a disabledchild had more normal一appearing telomeres .2.In other words ,(15 分)if you feel stressed , yoU are stressed

8、.A . uprisingB. originalC. frequentlyD. spectacularE. featuresF. luxuriouslyG. capturedH. approachesI. inhabitedJ. mattersK. ranksWelcome to Windsor CastleWindsor Castle is the oldest and largest occupied castle in the world and the OfficialResidence of the Queen of Britain . Over a period of nearly

9、 1_000 years it has been ( 1)continuously , and altered and redecorated by monarchs (君主) one after the other . Some were great builders , strengthening the Castle against ( 2)and rebellion ； others ,living in more peaceful times , created a grand Royal residence . William the Conqueror chose the sit

10、e , high above the river Thames and on the edge of a Saxon hunting ground . It was adays march from the Tower of London and intended to guard the western(3)to thecapital . The outer walls of todays structure are in the same position as those of the(4)castle built by William the Conqueror in the 1070

11、s. The Queen uses the Castle both as a privatehome , where she usually spends the weekend , and as a Royal residence at which she undertakes certain formal duties . Windsor Castle is ( 5) used by the Queen to hostState Visits from overseas monarchs and presidents . Every year the Queen takes up offi

12、cial residence in Windsor Castle for a month over Easter ( March April ).The Castle is huge , so people tend to head for the most ( 6)bitsthe StateApartments , St. Georges Chapel , the Gallery and the delightfulQueen Marys DollsHouse . Works of art , antique furniture , curiosities and impressive ar

13、chitecture reflect the tastes of many different royal generations . The State Apartments are ( 7)decoratedformal rooms still used for state and official functions .The magnificent and beautiful St . Georges Chapel was started in 1475 by Edward IV and was completed 50 years later by Henry VIII . It (

14、 8)among the finest examplesof late medieval architecture in the UK .The Drawings Gallery ( 9)the exhibition The Queen : 60 Photographs for 60Years . The exhibition presents portraits of the Queen ( 10-!in brief moments on bothofficial occasions and at relaxed family gatheringsIII. Reading Comprehen

15、sion( 30 分)Nature and NurturePeople have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviour areformed . However , it is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not , or why one is cooperative and another is ( 1)Social scientists are of course ( 2)interested in th

16、ese types of questions . Theywant to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviour. Thereare no clear answers yet , but two ( 3)schools of thought on the matter havedeveloped . As one might expect 、 the two approaches are very different from each other , and there is a

17、 great deal of debate between(4)of each theory . The controversy(争论)is often conveniently referred to as nature and nurture .Those who ( 5)the nature side of the conflict believe that our personalities andbehaviour patterns are ( 6)determined by biological factors . That our environmenthas little ,

18、if anything , to do with our abilities , characteristics and behaviour is ( 7) to this theory . Taken to an extreme , this theory states that our behaviour is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our(8)Supporters of the nurture theory , or, as they are often

19、 called , ( 9), claimthat our environment is more important than our biologicallybased instincts in determininghow we will act . A behaviorist , B . F. Skinner , sees humans as beings whose behaviour is almost completely ( 10)by their surroundings . The behaviorists view of thehuman being is quite m

20、echanistic：_They state that , like machines , humans respond to ( 11)stimuli(刺激)as the basis of their behaviour .Socially and politically , the consequences of these two theories are ( 12). Inthe US , for example , blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests . This leads some

21、nature supporters to conclude that blacks are genetically lower in status than whites are . Behaviorists ,(13), say that the differences in scores are dueto the fact that blacks are often robbed of many of the educational and other environmentaladvantages that whites enjoy , and that , as a result ,

22、 they do not develop the same ( 14) 第3页(共34页)that whites doNeither of these theories can yet fully explain human behaviour . As a matter of fact , itis quite ( 15)that the key to our behaviour lies somewhere between these twoextremes and that the controversy will continue for a long time is certain.

23、(1)A.sensitiveA.moderatelyA.distincBA.objectorsA.claimA.completelyA.sensitive(8)A.ductiveB.extremelyB.reliableB.operatorsB.supportB.largelyB.openB.capacitiesA.expertsscientistsshapeddominatedenvironmental BbiologicalC. competitiveC. reluctantlyC. relevantC. opponentsC. resolveC. thoroug

24、hlyC. centralC. personalitiesC. environmentalistsC. oppressedC. geneticA . temporary B . slightA . on the contrary B . as a wholeC. fatalafter allaggressiveD. scarcelyD. equalD. advocatesD. inheritD. merelyD. subjectD. instinctsD. behavioristsD. restrictedD. psychologicalD. far - reachingD. for inst

25、anceA . habitsA . necessaryB .responsesB .impossiblecharacteristicsC. unreasonableadvantagesD. likely( 8 分)Im a student in my fourth year of a biomedical science degree at Robert GordonUniversity in Aberdeen , but I also work 38 hours a week at Sainsburys to make ends meetdo three night shifts a wee

26、k , plus overtime if I can get it . Monday is the most occupied dayfor me I work from 10 pm until 8 am on Saturday and Sunday nights , earning just over 100 a night , and then I have to be at my first lecture at 9 am on Monday. By the time Ifinish lectures , at 2 pm , Im exhausted , but I know I hav

27、e to be back at work by 10 pmI constantly have to force myself to stay awake , and to be alert , whatever it takes . A packet of Skittles and a Red Bull usually helps . The work I do at Sainsburys is very physical 第4页(共34页)like stacking shelves . Im lucky because Im an active person and the amount I

28、 lift at work is nothing compared with the weights I lift in the gym. I know I have the strength to bear it.Im originally from Nigeria . I came here when I was seven , growing up in Croydon , south London . Money was tight . My parents gave me everything I needed , but there was no money to spend on

29、 luxuries . I worked hard at school though and, with the help of GTScholars , I got some of the best A level grades in my class .Unfortunately , though I had applied for settled British residential status when very young , the Home Office waited until I was in sixth form to approve my application.Th

30、atmeant I wasnt eligible for a student loan . The only way I could afford to go to university was that if I got a job that would pay for all my living costs and my parents, who work in marketresearch , paid for my tuition fees . In Scotland , thats about 7, 000 a year.I dont have much time to social

31、ize because of my job . Ideally , I would also like to have more time to study so I can excel at my course . Yes , I have a lot on my plate , but working hard isnt new to me . Growing up , my parents and my mentors in the church and at GT Scholars cultivated in me the importance of working hard for

32、what I want in life.My dream is to do an MA in physiotherapy next year and then get a job working for theNHS . But right now , Im just focused on trying to get the best grades I can . Whenever I find life hard , I tell myself this is about my future . I dont need much , but I would like to worry les

33、s about money and have more free time . That is what I look forward to the most .Why does the author work long hours and sometimes overtime every weekA . To help his parents pay off the debts .B . To pay for his tuition fees .C . To prove his ability to earn money .D . To pay for his own living expe

34、nses .The underlined word eligible in the passage can be replaced byA . responsibleB . qualifiedC. feasibleD . anxious(3) According to the passagewhich of the following words can NOT be used to describe theauthor ?A . Sociable .B . Diligent .C. Ambitious .D . Persistent .Which of the following prove

35、rbs can best summarize the passage ?A . A penny saved is a penny earned.B . Actions speak louder than words.C . God helps those who help themselves .D . Where there is life , there is hope .5. ( 6 分)Should You Become a Full Stack Web Developer ?Should you become a full stack web developer ? What cou

36、rses should you take to prepare you for the job ? Our courses bring you a step by step path that will help you become a qualified candidate and teach you everything you need to know to succeed . Read on to discover if its the right path for youWhat is a Full Stack Web Developer ?A full stack web dev

37、eloper is well skilled in both front and back end web developing . With knowledge of what it means to build applications from start to finish, a fullstack developer can plan , manage , and build software with general know - how. A core difference between front and back end developers is that front e

38、nd developers handle building the user interface aspect of a website , while back end developers deal with internal tasks such as web servers , applications , and databases .Combined , they are responsible for building the technology and coding that makes a website function properly . Both skillsets

39、 are crucial for being a well rounded web developer and will give you a leg up when applying for jobs . If you like to learn new concepts and technologies frequently this is an excellent career path for you .Demand for Full Stack Web Developers is Growing第6页(共34页)there areBecause of the broad range

40、of skills required to be a full stack web developerfewer candidates applying for positions , leaving more opportunity for qualified candidates . The job outlook for web developers is estimated to grow 13% by 2026, which isfaster than the average rate for all occupations . With an impressive resume ,

41、 full stack web developers can make $ 87 , 661 on average .Get Started TodayWith the help of the course , you will learn everything you need to know to succeed as afull stack web developer . You can start from any level with little to no previous experience required and track your progress as you go

42、 .Heres What Youll Learn in the CoursesBuild web applications and develop on both the front end and back end stacksLearn Ruby on Rails , HTML , CSS , and JavaScriptDevelop web applications in Javascript using front end framework , Angular , and hybrid mobile applications with Apache CordovaDesign RE

43、STful Ruby on Rails web applications with MongoDB database integration.In which column of a newspaper can we most probably find this passage ?A . Arts .B . Science technology .C. Courses .D . Business .Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage ?A . Front and back end developers both ar

44、e responsible for such tasks as applications and databases .B . Fewer candidates apply for the position of being web developers due to high demand for skills .C . The job prospect for web developers isnt promising in the long run.D . You cant start to learn the course of being a full stack web devel

45、oper unless you have some experience beforehand .What is the main purpose of this passage ?第7页(共34页)A To advertise for full stack web developers B To inform people of what is required to be a full stack web developerC To persuade people to take the courses which help to become a full stack web devel

46、operD To help people to explore the full stack web developer career guide 6 （8 分） The haunting paintings of Helene Schjerfbeck ， on show in the final leg of a travellingtour that has already attracted thousands of visitors in Hamburg and the Hague ， may come as a surprise to many Few outside the Nor

47、dic （北欧的） world would recognize the works of this Finnish artist who died in 1946 More people should The 120 works have at their core20 self - portraits , half the number she painted in all . The first , dated 1880 , is of a wide 一eyed teenager eager to absorb everything The last is a sighting of th

48、e artists ghost - to -bePrematurely gifted ， Schjerfbeck was 11 when she entered the Finnish ArtSocietysdrawing school The Wounded Warrior in the Snow ， a history painting ， was bought by a private collector and won her a state travel grant when she was 17 Schjerfbeck studied inParis , went on to Po

49、nt Aven , Brittany , where she painted for a year , then to Tuscany , Cornwall and St Petersburg During her 1887 visit to St Ives ， Cornwall ， Schjerfbeck painted The Convalescent A child wrapped in a blanket sits supported up in a large wicker （柳条编制的） chair ， toying with a sprig （小枝条） The picture w

50、on a bronze medal atthe 1889 Paris World Fair and was bought by the Finnish Art Society To a modern eye itseems almost sentimental （感伤的） and is made up for only by the somewhat astonished ， sad expression on the childs face ， which may have been inspired by Schjerfbecks early experiences At four ， s

51、he fell down a flight of steps and never fully recovered In 1890 ， Schjerfbeck settled in Finland Teaching exhausted her ， she did not like the works of other local painters ， and she was further isolated when she took on the care of her mother If I allow myself the freedom to live an isolated life

52、， she wrote ， then it is because it has to be that way In 1902 ， Schjerfbeck and her mother settled in the small，She produced still lives andlocal school girls ， womenindustrial town of Hyvinkaa ， 50 kilometres north of Helsinki Isolation had one desiredeffect for it was there that Schjerfbeck becam

53、e a modern painterlandscapes but above all moody yet sharp portraits of her motherworkers in townI have always searched for the dense depths of the soulwhich have not yet beendiscovered by humans themselves , she wrote , where everything is still unconscious there one can make the greatest discoveri

54、es . She experimented with differentkinds ofunderpainting , scraped and rubbed , made bright rosy red spots ; doing whatever had to bedone to capture the subconscious her own and that of her models . In 1913 , Schjerfbeck was rediscovered by an art dealer and journalist , Gosta Stenman . Once again

55、she was a success .Schjerfbecks paintings may come as a surprise to many becauseA . her paintings are rarely known outside the Nordic worldB . her paintings have never been on show out of the Nordic worldC . her paintings have the power to haunt people whoever have seen themD . her paintings focus o

56、n supernatural elements such as ghostsWhich of the following is TRUE according to the passage ? TOC o 1-5 h z A . The Convalescent is in fact a portrait of Schjerbeck in her childhood.B . The Convalescent is a reflection of Schejerbecks sentimental childhood.C . The Convalescent is made as a result

57、of an accident in Schejerbecks childhood .D . The Convalescent is featured by the childs astonished , sorrowful expression .Schejerbeck chose to live an isolated life mainly because of.A . she was exhausted by her teaching jobB . her personality prefers this kind of styleC . she could not appreciate

58、 the work of the other local paintersD . her mothers health condition required her to adopt such a life style .We can infer from the passage that the most outstanding characteristics of Schjerfbecks paintings is.A . her vivid characterization of common peopleB . her capture of the characters soulC .

59、 the sorrowful expression of the charactersD . her unconscious sense of some mysterious elementsA . An effective way that I have found to deepen my own patience is to create actual practice periods .You are more easily annoyed and bothered .It is generally believed that the quality of being patient

60、is very difficult to develop.Becoming more patient involves opening your heart to the present moment, even if youdont like it .Without patience , you will see the same scene as an emergency complete with yelling , frustration , hurt feelings .If you lack patience , you are destined to fail in what y