高考一轮语法专项提升名词

1、1(2009年湖北卷) Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health.It may also be good for_ building.Arespect BfriendshipCreputation Dcharacter【解析】句意为：独自徒步旅行可能会很有趣并且有益于健康，或许对意志的磨炼也有好处。respect尊重，爱戴；friendship友谊；reputation名誉，荣誉，声望；character性格，品格，品质，特点，特性。又如：The little boy showed great character returning to

2、 school after earthquake.在地震发生后，小男孩重返学校表现出了他优秀的品质。【答案】D2(2009年湖北卷)In our class，when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book，it was a_for everyone to stand up.Asignal Bchance Cmark Dmeasure【解析】句意为：在课堂上，铃声响起，老师合上书就是我们要起立的信号。signal信号，导火线；chance机会，运气；mark分数，标志；measure措施，办法，尺寸。又如：This is signal tha

3、t you are breaking down.这是你身体逐渐变垮的信号。The signal that the war broke out between two countries is oil.两个国家爆发战争的导火线是石油。【答案】A3(2009年江西卷)The_shoes were covered with mud，so I asked them to take them off before they got into_car. Agirls；Toms Bgirls；Toms Cgirls；Toms Dgirls；Toms【解析】句意为：那些女孩子的鞋子沾满了泥巴，因此在上汤姆的车

4、之前我让她们把鞋子脱掉。由后文的them可知，此处的“girl”应为复数形式，因此其所有格形式应该是“girls”形式，而名词Tom的所有格直接在其后加s即可。【答案】C4(2009年安徽卷)China has got a good_for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organization.Areputation Binfluence Cimpression Dknowledge【解析】句意为：在抗击流感方面，中国以细致和流畅的组织而获得良好的声誉。reputation声誉；influence影响；impress

5、ion印象；knowledge知识。【答案】A5(2009年山东卷)He says that my new car is a_of money.Dont you think those words are just sour grapes?Alack Bload Cquestion Dwaste【解析】句意为：他说我新买的小汽车浪费钱。难道你不认为这是吃不到葡萄就说葡萄酸吗？lack缺乏；load负荷；question问题；waste浪费。【答案】D6(2009年天津卷)Im trying to break the_of getting up too late.Atradition Bconv

6、enience Chabit Dleisure【解析】句意为：我正努力改掉晚起的习惯。tradition风俗(信仰)的传承，传统；convenience方便，便利；habit习惯；leisure休闲。getting up too late属个人习惯。【答案】C7(2009年陕西卷)From their_on the top of the TV Tower，visitors can have a better view of the city.Astage Bposition Ccondition Dsituation【解析】句意为：以他们在电视塔顶的位置，游客们可以更好地看到这个城市。本题考查

7、名词词义辨析。stage阶段，舞台；position位置，地位，姿势；condition条件，环境，情形；situation形势，环境。【答案】B8(2009年福建卷)The World Health Organization gave a warning to the public without any_when the virus of H1N1 hit Mexico in April,2009.Adelay Beffort Cschedule Dconsideration【解析】句意为：当H1N1病毒在2009年4月在墨西哥爆发时，世界卫生组织立即向公众发出了警告。without de

8、layimmediately立即，毫不延迟地。【答案】A9(2009年浙江卷)The system has been designed to give students quick and easy_to the digital resources of the library.Aaccess Bpassage Cway Dapproach【解析】句意为：设计这个系统的目的是让学生迅速、方便地使用图书馆的数字资源。access to固定短语，意为“有权使用，有机会接近”。【答案】A10(2008年天津卷)Most air pollution is caused by the burning o

9、f_like coal，gas and oil.Afuels Barticles Cgoods Dproducts【解析】句意为：空气污染主要是由燃烧煤、天然气和石油等燃料引起的。fuel燃料；article物品，商品，物件；goods商品，货物；product产品，产物。【答案】A1(2010年郑州一模)It was reported that the problem had been settled without much_.Aaffect Baffair Ceffect Deffort【解析】考查词义辨析。affect影响；affair事务；effect影响，效果；effort尝试，努

10、力。据报道，问题没费多大事就解决了。根据语意可知，D项正确。without effort意思是“毫不费力地”。【答案】D2(2010年潍坊检测)I am really a bit worried because I have no idea what my parents_will be to my poor examination result.Aexpression Breaction Cappearance Dexpectation【解析】考查名词辨析。句意为：我真的有点担心，因为我不知道我父母对我不好的考试结果会是什么反应。expression表情；reaction反应；appeara

11、nce外表；expectation期望。【答案】B3(2010年皖南八校第二次联考)Our government has decided to give_to those environmentallyfriendly businesses in many aspects.Aprofit Binterest Cpreference Dadvantage【解析】考查名词辨析。profit利益；interest兴趣，嗜好，利息；preference偏爱，优待；advantage优势，有利条件。政府已经决定给那些环保的企业多方面的优惠政策。【答案】C4(2010年长春第一次调研)Finding a

12、girl struggling in the water，he threw himself into the water without_.Ahesitation Bsuggestion Corder Dasking【解析】考查名词。发现一名女孩正在水中挣扎，他毫不犹豫地跳入水里。without hesitation毫不犹豫，符合题意。【答案】A5(2010年西安检测)How do you like the scenery (景色) here，Mr Black?Wonderful indeed.Beyond all_，I suppose.Aexplanation Bintroduction C

13、description Dinstruction【解析】考查名词的用法。beyond all description的意思是“无法(用言语)表达”，即这里的景色很美，无法用言语表达。【答案】C6(2010年届枣庄检测)To the great_of the citizens，no one else was infected with H1N1 except the 12 confirmed cases. Arelaxation Bdisappointment Crelief Dsurprise【解析】考查名词。语意为“使居民欣慰的是除了12人被确诊外，没有其他人感染H1N1”。relief欣慰

14、，释然；relaxation放松，消遣；disappointment失望；surprise惊讶，愕然。【答案】C7(2010届安徽芜湖一中一模)Whatever he does，once he sets up a goal，he would start pursuing it without_.Ahesitation Bsuggestion Cdiscussion Ddecision【解析】考查名词。无论做什么，一旦确定了目标，他就会毫不犹豫地开始行动。hesitation符合题意。【答案】A8(2010届大连市重点中学联考)China has made a_to do all it can

15、to help the tsunamihit regions of Asia.Adevotion Bcommitment Callowance Dcombination【解析】考查名词辨析。make a commitment作出承诺。devotion忠心，献身；allowance津贴，补助；combination联合。根据语意可知选B。【答案】B9(2010年湖北重点中学第一次联考)Last November，drivers in North China had to wait for hours to get refueled (加油) because of a sudden gas_cau

16、sed by cold weather.Ashortage Bshortcoming Cdisadvantage Dabsence【解析】考查名词辨析。句意为：去年11月，由于天气寒冷使得汽油突然短缺，华北地区的司机们不得不等待好几个小时才能给车加油。shortage短缺，shortcoming缺点，disadvantage不利因素，absence缺席，不在。从句意看，这里表示汽油短缺，因此选A。【答案】A10(2010年烟台检测)As is wellknown，the brain performs a very important _，which controls the nerve sys

17、tem of the body.Amotion Baction Cfunction Dfact【解析】考查名词。句意为：众所周知，大脑起着重要的作用，它控制着人体的神经系统。function表示“功能，作用”；motion表示“运动，移动”；action表示“行动，动作”；fact表示“事实”。【答案】C11(2010年济南第二次统考)A lack of_cultural differences to local customs can create problems.Aexistence Brevolution Cawareness Devidence【解析】语意为“缺乏地方习俗之间存在文化

18、差异的意识(awareness)可能会引发问题”。【答案】C12(2010年福建检测)Paul has gone abroad to try his luck.In my_，his decision is not wise.Aword Bview Csight Dway【解析】考查名词。句意为：在我看来，他的决定不明智。in ones view表示“在某人看来”。【答案】B13(2010年日照二模)Chinese President Hu Jintao and French President Sarkozy met in London and agreed China and France have common_in many fields.Aaffairs Bbusinesses Cprojects Dinterests【解析