_Grammar-动名词

1、M5U1Grammar（2）Gerund动名词动名词1.动名词的定义和特点动名词的定义和特点1.具有动词的性质（特点）具有动词的性质（特点）2.但是作名词用但是作名词用动名词是一种兼有动词和名词特征的动名词是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式。非谓语动词形式。性性质质主主语语宾宾语语表表语语宾宾补补定定语语状状语语动名动名词词n.2，动名词能在句中充当什么成分？，动名词能在句中充当什么成分？3.动名词的时态语态的基本构成：动名词的时态语态的基本构成： 时态时态 语态语态一般时一般时 完成时完成时 主动式主动式（not) v-ing (not) having+ done 被动式被动式 (no

2、t) being+done (not)having+ been+done 1. 动名词作主语：动名词作主语：动名词作主语表示经常，习惯性，抽象的多次的动作和行为动名词作主语表示经常，习惯性，抽象的多次的动作和行为e.g.: Its rather tiring walking around in a city. Seeing is believing.Learning without practice is no good.Playing fire is dangerous. 4.动名词的基本用法动名词的基本用法注意：注意：动名词做主语，有时先用动名词做主语，有时先用it作形式主语，作形式主语，

3、把动名词置于句末。这种用法在习惯句型中常把动名词置于句末。这种用法在习惯句型中常用。用。 1)It is no use/ good / useless + doing2)It is a waste of time+doing 3)It is fun+doing 4）“There is no doing” 表示表示“没法没法”在以上结构中常用动名词作主语。在以上结构中常用动名词作主语。 Its no use crying over spilt milk.(覆水难收）覆水难收）There is no joking about the matter. It is fun playing with c

4、hildren. 2. 动名词做动名词做宾语宾语：a a. . 常带动名词作宾语的动词常带动名词作宾语的动词 imagine / consider / delay / mind / miss / imagine / consider / delay / mind / miss / enjoy / dislike / admit / practice / suggest / enjoy / dislike / admit / practice / suggest / keep / advise / allow / avoid / appreciate / keep / advise / allo

5、w / avoid / appreciate / risk / finish / escape + risk / finish / escape + doingdoing为了便于记忆，特归纳如下：为了便于记忆，特归纳如下：后跟后跟-ing的动词的顺口溜：的动词的顺口溜：避免，错过，（少）延期避免，错过，（少）延期建议，完成，（多）练习建议，完成，（多）练习喜欢，想象，禁不住喜欢，想象，禁不住承认，否定，（又）妒忌承认，否定，（又）妒忌逃避，冒险，（多）原谅逃避，冒险，（多）原谅忍受，保持，（不）介意忍受，保持，（不）介意avoid, miss, postpone/put offsuggest,

6、 finish, practiceenjoy, imagine, cant helpadmit, deny, envyescape, risk, excusestand, keep, mindbe used to doing 习惯于做习惯于做; look forward to doing 盼望做盼望做; devote ones life to doing 致力于做致力于做; spend time (in) doing 花时间做花时间做; be fond of doing 喜爱做喜爱做; be good at doing 擅长做擅长做; be proud of doing 为做为做而自豪而自豪;

7、 be tired of doing 对做对做感到厌倦感到厌倦; b. 后接动名词的一些词组后接动名词的一些词组feel like doing 欲想做欲想做;lead to 导致导致; insist on 坚持要做坚持要做; object 反对反对; succeed/be successful in 成功地做了成功地做了go on doing 继续做继续做(原来的事原来的事); keep on doing 不停地做不停地做;what about doing 做做怎么样怎么样;作介词的宾语作介词的宾语 think of doing 考虑做考虑做; be interested in doing 对

8、做对做感兴趣感兴趣; have some difficulty/trouble (in) doing 做某事有困难做某事有困难; be busy (in) doing 忙于做忙于做; instead of doing 做做而不做而不做I I could not help _ (overhearcould not help _ (overhear无无意听到意听到) what you were saying.) what you were saying.I canI cant help _(clean )the house t help _(clean )the house because Ibe

9、cause Im busy preparing the test.m busy preparing the test.-Do you feel like _ there or shall we take a -Do you feel like _ there or shall we take a bus?bus? -Since there isn -Since there isnt much time_, It much time_, Id like _ a d like _ a taxitaxiA. walking, leaving, taking A. walking, leaving,

10、taking B. to walk, leaving, taking B. to walk, leaving, taking C. to walk, leaving, to take C. to walk, leaving, to take D. walking, left, to takeD. walking, left, to takeoverhearingoverhearing( (to) cleanto) clean05年江苏卷年江苏卷No.23Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and _

11、 jokes.A. turning up B. putting up C. making up D. showing up06年北京卷年北京卷No.35.I cant stand _ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses _ talking while she works. working; stopping B. to work; stopping C. working; to stop A.D. To work; to stop上海卷上海卷No.32He got well-prepared for the job interview,

12、 for he could not risk _ the good opportunity. A. to lose B. losing C. to be lost D. being lost江苏卷江苏卷N0.32- There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man.- My goodness! I cant imagine _ that old. A. to be B. to have been C. being D. having been c. c. 能带不定式或动名词作宾语能带不定式或动名词作宾语, , 意义无多大区别

13、意义无多大区别, ,通常用动名词泛指一般的倾向性通常用动名词泛指一般的倾向性, , 用不定式则表用不定式则表示特定或具体某一种动作示特定或具体某一种动作: : like(love / prefer) / like(love / prefer) / start / begin / continue / hate / start / begin / continue / hate / I like swimming very much, but I dont like to swim now.1remember/forget/ regretto do动作尚未发生动作尚未发生doing 动作已经发生

14、动作已经发生2. try to do 设法、努力去做，尽力设法、努力去做，尽力doing 试试去做（看有何结果）试试去做（看有何结果）3. mean to do 打算做（主语一般是人）打算做（主语一般是人）doing 意味着（主语一般是物）意味着（主语一般是物）4.regretto do对将要做的事抱歉对将要做的事抱歉doing 对已经发生的事感到后悔对已经发生的事感到后悔d. d. 能带不定式或动名词作宾语能带不定式或动名词作宾语, ,但意义区别较大的动词但意义区别较大的动词及词组及词组: :remember / forget / regret / try / mean / go onrem

15、ember / forget / regret / try / mean / go on5）.表示表示 “值得、需要值得、需要”的动词的动词 deserve, be worth, want, need, require 后接后接-ing形式时，主动形式表被动意义。其意义形式时，主动形式表被动意义。其意义相当于不定式的被动结构。相当于不定式的被动结构。 These desks need repairing. =These desks need to be repaired. The patient required examining. =The patient required to be e

16、xamined.3. 动名词作表语：动名词作表语：动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是通常是对等对等的关系，表示主语的内容，的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表主语、表语可互换位置。语可互换位置。One of my bad habits is eating too many sweets.My job is teaching you how to learn.Her refusal to attend the party was disappointin

17、g. Your task is cleaning the windows. 你的任务就你的任务就是擦窗户。是擦窗户。(Cleaning the windows is your task.) What I hate most is being laughed at. 我最痛恨的我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。就是被别人嘲笑。 (Being laughed at is what I hate most.) 4.动名词做定语：动名词做定语： a swimming pool; a walking stick; 可于名词之前构成合成词，大多表示该名词的用可于名词之前构成合成词，大多表示该名词的用途或目的。途或

18、目的。 The young cook stood at the stove holding a frying pan in his hand.作定语作定语: a walking stick A swimming pool A sleeping car区别区别The walking manThe swimming girlThe sleeping boy动名词修饰名词表动名词修饰名词表示名词的功能示名词的功能现在分词修饰名词表现在分词修饰名词表示该名词所处的状态示该名词所处的状态 It took the workmen only two hours to finish _ my car. A.

19、repairing B. repair C. to repair D. repairedExcersice2. Have you forgotten _$1000 from me last month? Will you please remember _ it tomorrow? A. borrowing; to bring B. to borrow; bring C. borrowed; bringing D. borrowing; bringing3. The classroom wants _. A. clean B. cleaned C. to clean D. cleaning4.

20、 Jack said that he wouldnt mind _ for us. A. to wait B. wait C. waiting D. waited5. My brother keeps _ me with my work. A. to help B. help C. helping D. helped6. We should often practise _ English with each other. A. to speak B. spoke C. speak D. speaking7. Keep on _ and you will succeed. A. a try B

21、. try C. triing D. trying8. His parents insist on _ to college. A. he should go B. he go C. his going D. him to go9. The story was so funny that we _. A. couldnt help laugh B. cant but laugh C. couldnt help laughing D. couldnt help but to laugh10. Though it sounds a bit too dear (昂贵), it is worth _.

22、 A. being bought B. buying C. to buy D. buying it11. He devoted his life to _ the atomic theory. A. study B. be studied C. studying D. have studied12. We are both looking forward to _ next week. A. going on vocation(休假) B. go on vocation C. be going on vocation D. have gone on vocation13. You must p

23、ay attention to _ the works of Lu Xun. A. read B. reading C. reader D. be read14. You should work tonight instead of _ TV. A. to watch B. you watching C. you watch D. watching15. The microscope is used for_ minute (微小的) objects. A. examining B. being examined C. examined D. examine16. Mike has got u

24、sed _ up late at night. A. to stay B. stayed C. to staying D. staying17. Once the heart stops _, death follows at once. A. beating B. to beat C. being beaten D. to be beating18. We are now busy _ for the examination. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. being prepared19. I remembered _ this person somewhere before. A. seeing B. havin