状语从句讲解

1、状语从句状语从句1.时间状语从句（时间状语从句（1 1）When While As 当WhenI will tell her about it when I see her.I was about to fall asleep when my sister came in. I will go home when he comes back. When-当当时候时候, 通常指某一特定的时间点，通常指某一特定的时间点，主句与从句的动作同时发生。主句与从句的动作同时发生。When - 正在正在的时候，突然的时候，突然。通常主句。通常主句是是be doing 或或 be about to 或或 ha

2、d just doneWhen也可以表示先后关系也可以表示先后关系When也可以表示先后关系也可以表示先后关系When也可以表示先后关系也可以表示先后关系I recognized the thief when/ as I passed him.When he finished his lecture, people stood up and applauded.I was walking on the street when I came across an old friend. We were about to set off when it began to rain. He had j

3、ust finished the work when the doorbell rang. We were on the point of driving away when the policeman signed us to stop. 意思为既然或考虑到意思为既然或考虑到 (原因状语从句原因状语从句)It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there.How can they learn anything when they spend all their spare time watching te

4、levision? Why do you want a new job when you have got such a good one?There is no point （in） owning a car when we have so good a public transport system. Why use metal when you can use plastic? How can he get the promotion when his boss dislikes him? whileWhile -While -在在期间，往往指一段时间。期间，往往指一段时间。While

5、we were in America, we saw him twice.While we were talking, he came in.We are cleaning the classroom while they are playing the football.While While 表示两相对比表示两相对比。While While 表示让步表示让步“尽管尽管”。While I admit that there are problems, I dont agree that they cannot be solved. AsAs - As - 一边一边一边一边, , 随着随着, ,

6、She was doing her homework as she was listening to the music.As she grew older, she became more beautiful.As time goes by, .Just as 时间状语从句（时间状语从句（2 2）Not untilSince As soon as (immediately, directly)The moment/ the minuteHardly when/No sooner than Every time / each time直到才自从一就一就每次， 每当一就1.1. 我什么都不会说，

7、直到你让我说。我什么都不会说，直到你让我说。2. 2. 直到他回来，我们才开始工作。直到他回来，我们才开始工作。I wont say anything until you tell me to.We didnt start the work until he came back.not until句型中强调和倒装：句型中强调和倒装：It was not until he came back that we started the work.Not until he came back did we start the work.3. 他们一看到这张照片，就笑翻了。他们一看到这张照片，就笑翻了。

8、They laughed as soon as they saw the picture.They laughed the moment they saw the picture.4. 我刚一到家就开始下雨了。我刚一到家就开始下雨了。Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.5. 他刚一上去车就发动了。他刚一上去车就发动了。Hardly had he got on it when the bus started.No sooner had he got o

9、n it than the bus started.6.每当我听音乐，我就想起这事。每当我听音乐，我就想起这事。 Every time I listen to music, Ill think of it. 时间状语从句（时间状语从句（3 3）before It will be +一段时间一段时间+before从句从句(does) 要过要过才能做才能做It will not be +一段时间一段时间+before从句从句 要不了要不了 就能做就能做It was +一段时间一段时间+before从句从句(did)过了过了做了做了It was not+一段时间一段时间+before从句从句(did

10、) 没过没过做了做了我五年后才能回来。我五年后才能回来。It will be five years before I came back.用不了多久他们就会互相了解了。用不了多久他们就会互相了解了。It will not be long before they understand each other.五天后他才回来的。五天后他才回来的。It was five days before he came back.不久后敌人就被赶走了。不久后敌人就被赶走了。It was not long before the enemy was driven out of their country.不久我们就

11、动身去北方了。不久我们就动身去北方了。It was not long before we left for the north.再过一年你就毕业了。再过一年你就毕业了。It will be a year before you graduate.用不了多久我们就会知道实验的结果了。用不了多久我们就会知道实验的结果了。It will not be long before we know the result of the experiment.过了一段时间他们才意识到事情的真相。过了一段时间他们才意识到事情的真相。It was some time before they realized the

12、truth.Time passed quickly and three months went by before she knew it. 时间过得飞快，她不知不觉就在那里度过了三个月时间过得飞快，她不知不觉就在那里度过了三个月.He almost knocked me down before he saw me. 他几乎把我撞倒才看到我。他几乎把我撞倒才看到我。Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up before I could answer the phone. 半夜里有人打来电话，我没来得及接电

13、话就挂了。半夜里有人打来电话，我没来得及接电话就挂了。The most destructive natural disaster, tsunami, came unexpectedly before the tourists could leave the coast. since自从自从以来，一般主句用以来，一般主句用完成式或完成进行时完成式或完成进行时：I have never seen him since I graduated.Ive been learning English since Grade Three in primary school.Ive been feeling d

14、own since I lost my job. It is/ has been +一段时间一段时间+ since did: (did为短暂动词为短暂动词) 自从自从以来已经多久了以来已经多久了; (did为持续动词为持续动词) 不不以来已经多久了以来已经多久了It has been twenty days since the war broke out.It is ten years since he lived here.It is three years since he smoked. 他不吸烟有三年了。他不吸烟有三年了。It is three years since he began

15、 to smoke. 他吸烟有三年了。他吸烟有三年了。It is three years since he joined the army.他参军有三年了。他参军有三年了。It is three years since he was a soldier.他退役有三年了。他退役有三年了。It is years since I enjoyed myself so much.好多年没玩的这么痛快了。好多年没玩的这么痛快了。注意：在时间状语从句中，不能用一般将来时、过去注意：在时间状语从句中，不能用一般将来时、过去将来时态或将来完成时，而要用相应的一般现在时态、将来时态或将来完成时，而要用相应的一般现

16、在时态、一般过去时或现在完成时来代替。如：一般过去时或现在完成时来代替。如：Ill telephone you as soon as I get there. 我一到达那里就打电话给你。我一到达那里就打电话给你。She said she would phone me as soon as she got there. 她说她一到达那里就给我电话。她说她一到达那里就给我电话。Dont get off the bus until it has stopped.等车停稳后才下车。等车停稳后才下车。2. 条件状语从句条件状语从句ifunlessas long asin case 如果如果除非除非只要只

17、要万一万一从句中用一般现在从句中用一般现在时代替将来时时代替将来时1._ weather permits, we will go to the park tomorrow.2.Youd better take an umbrella _ it rains. 3.I sleep with the window open _ its really cold. 4._ you listen to me, Ill give whatever you want. Ifin caseunlessAs long asIf/ unless/ as long as / in caseYou will fail

18、to arrive there in time unless you start earlier (if you dont start earlier). 如果你不早点动身如果你不早点动身,你就不能及时赶到那儿。你就不能及时赶到那儿。Well let you use the room on condition that you keep it clean and tidy. 我们可以让你使用这个房间，条件是你把它保持整洁。我们可以让你使用这个房间，条件是你把它保持整洁。Supposing he does not come, shall we go without him? 如果他不来，是不是不

19、带他去如果他不来，是不是不带他去? He will do the work providing you pay him. 如果你能付费，他可以做这工作。如果你能付费，他可以做这工作。 3. 原因状语从句原因状语从句Because Since As Because Because 表示直接的因果关系，常放主表示直接的因果关系，常放主句后句后. . 回答回答Why Why 问句问句 、 强调原因或有强调原因或有partly, notpartly, not修饰时修饰时 , ,只能用只能用because.because.Since , as Since , as 表示众所周知的原因，常表示众所周知的原

20、因，常放于主句前，译成放于主句前，译成“既然既然”. Since . Since 语语气比气比as as 强。强。I learn English partly _ I like it._ everyone is here, lets begin the meeting.It is _ he is honest that he gets the job.becauseSincebecauseSeeing that youre already at the door, I suppose I must invite you inside. 鉴于你已到了门口，我想我必须邀请你入内。鉴于你已到了门口，

21、我想我必须邀请你入内。 Considering hes only just started, he knows quite a lot about it. 考虑到他只是刚刚开始考虑到他只是刚刚开始, 他对此的了解已经不少了。他对此的了解已经不少了。 Given that she is interested in children, I am sure teaching is the right career for her. 考虑到她喜欢孩子考虑到她喜欢孩子, 我可以肯定教书是最适合她的职业。我可以肯定教书是最适合她的职业。Since/Now that youre not interested

22、, I wont tell you about it. 既然你不感兴趣，那我就不告诉你了。既然你不感兴趣，那我就不告诉你了。 注意：注意： 1. considering 和和 given 还可用介词。如：还可用介词。如： Considering his age, the little boy reads very well. 就他的年龄来说，这小孩读得挺好的。就他的年龄来说，这小孩读得挺好的。 Given her interest in children, I am sure teaching is the right career for her. 考虑到她喜欢孩子考虑到她喜欢孩子, 我可我

23、可以肯定教书是最适合她的职业。以肯定教书是最适合她的职业。 2. 表示表示“因为因为”的连词不能与表示的连词不能与表示“所以所以”的的 so 连连用。如：用。如： 因为他病了，所以没有出席会议。因为他病了，所以没有出席会议。 误：误：Because he was ill, so he didnt attend the meeting. 正：正：He didnt attend the meeting because he was ill. 正：正：He was ill so he didnt attend the meeting. He found it increasingly difficu

24、lt to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail. The day breaks, for the birds are singing.It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.He must/may be at home now, for the light is on.There must be something wrong with the machine, for the engine failed to start. A man cannot smile like

25、a child, for a child smiles with his eyes, while a man smiles with his lips alone. 结果状语从句结果状语从句So that Such that 形容词形容词名词名词如此如此以至于以至于He has made _ great progress that the teachers are pleased with him.He had_many falls that he was black and blue all over. I study hard, so that/ in order that I may n

26、ot fail in the examinations. 目的状语从句目的状语从句suchsomany much little fewThey are _ interesting novels that I want to read them again.He was _ an honest boy that he was praised.She is _ lovely a girl that everyone likes her.The boy is _ young that he cant look after himself.He has made _ great progress th

27、at teachers are pleased with him.He had _ little education that he was unfit for the job.suchsuchsososuchsoThere were _ many people in the street that we couldnt get close to the building.He runs _ fast that nobody can catch up with him._ good weather_ much money_ handsome boyssosoSuchSoSuchBring it

28、 closer so (that) I can see it better. 拿近一点拿近一点以便我看得更清楚。以便我看得更清楚。 I left at 6:00 so that/in order that I could catch the train. 为了赶上火车，我六点就出门了。为了赶上火车，我六点就出门了。 He walked fast for fear that he should be late. 他走他走得很快，以免迟到。得很快，以免迟到。 Speak clearly so that they may understand you. 你你要讲得清楚，他们才听得懂。要讲得清楚，他们

29、才听得懂。 They risk their lives in order that we may live more safely. 他们冒了生死危险使我们生活得更安全。他们冒了生死危险使我们生活得更安全。They are such wonderful players that no one can beat them. 他们都是出色的运动员，没有人能战胜他他们都是出色的运动员，没有人能战胜他们。们。 目的状语从句目的状语从句So that 倒装倒装So dark was it that he couldnt see the faces of his companions.So frighte

30、ned was she that she couldnt say a word.So loudly did he speak that even the people in the next room could hear him.So dangerous did the weather become that all mountain roads were closed.Such a good student was he that everyone liked him. 考题考题1 So difficult _ it to work out the problem that I decid

31、ed to ask Tom for advice. (2006广东广东)A. I did find B. did I find C. I have found D. have I found考题考题2 _ homework did we have to do that we had no time to take a rest. (2006福建福建)A. So much B. Too much C. Too little D. So littleBA让步状语从句让步状语从句Although he is busy, he never misses a football match.= busy

32、as he is , he never misses a football match.No matter what you may do, do it well. No matter where life takes us to, just stick to our dreams.although, though, as, while(虽然虽然), even if/though (即使即使), whetheror(不论不论/不管不管还是还是) 以及以及“疑问词疑问词+ever”和和“no matter+疑问词疑问词”等等 Although/Though they are poor they

33、are happy. 虽然他们很穷，但很快乐。虽然他们很穷，但很快乐。 Though he is very old, he works hard. 尽管他年老了但仍努力工作。尽管他年老了但仍努力工作。 Tired as he was, he sat up late. 他虽然疲倦他虽然疲倦,可仍然很晚才睡。可仍然很晚才睡。 While I like the color of the hat, I do not like its shape. 虽然我喜欢这顶帽子的颜色，但我不喜欢它的形状。虽然我喜欢这顶帽子的颜色，但我不喜欢它的形状。Ill go even if/though it snows.

34、即使下雪我也要去。即使下雪我也要去。 Whether you believe it or not, it is true. 不管你信还是不信，这的确是事实。不管你信还是不信，这的确是事实。 However (=No matter how) tired you may be, you must do it today. 不管怎样累不管怎样累, 你也得今天做。你也得今天做。Wherever (=No matter where) I am, I will be thinking of you. 不管我在哪里我都会想到你。不管我在哪里我都会想到你。 Girl as she is, she is bra

35、ver than a boy.Smart as he was, he was not able to solve the problem.Try as he might, he couldnt get out of the difficulty. Heavily as it was raining outside, they started out very early. 引导方式状语从句的从属连词有引导方式状语从句的从属连词有as(正如正如)，as if或或as though(好像好像)等。如：等。如： Do as I told you. 按我告诉你的那样做。按我告诉你的那样做。 As a

36、man lives, so he dies. 正如人能活，也能死。正如人能活，也能死。 I remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday. 整个这件事我记得很清楚，就仿佛是昨天整个这件事我记得很清楚，就仿佛是昨天发生似的。发生似的。 Please pronounce the word the way I do.请照我这请照我这样样,读这个单词读这个单词. 地点状语从句地点状语从句Keep it where you can see it. 把它放在你看得见的把它放在你看得见的地方。地方。 He lives where the clima

37、te is mild. 他住在一个气候他住在一个气候温暖的地方。温暖的地方。Wherever I am l will be thinking of you. 我不论在我不论在哪儿，都会想你的。哪儿，都会想你的。The church was built where there had once been a Roman temple. 教堂建在曾一度是罗马神庙的地方。教堂建在曾一度是罗马神庙的地方。Next time I hope youll go where I tell you to. 下次下次我希望你去我告诉你去的地方。我希望你去我告诉你去的地方。地点状语从句与定语从句的区别地点状语从句与

38、定语从句的区别 : 在于分句在句中作什么成分。作状语，则是状在于分句在句中作什么成分。作状语，则是状语从句；作定语修饰名词，则是定语从句语从句；作定语修饰名词，则是定语从句 where引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示地引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词；而状语从句前则无需先行词。点的名词作先行词；而状语从句前则无需先行词。 如：如： Go back where you came from. (where引导引导地点状语从句）地点状语从句） 你从何处来到何处去。你从何处来到何处去。 Go back to the village where you came from. (where引导定语从句，修饰引导定语从句，修饰village) 回到你来的那个村子里去。回到你来的那个村子里去。 考题考题1 Mom, what did the doctor say? He advised me to live _ the air is fresher. (2006四川四川) A. in where B. in which C. the place where D. where 考题考题2 In peace, too, the Red Cross is expected to send help _ there is human su