unit3howdoyougettoschool知识点

1、、本单元知识点总结Unit3 How do you get to schoolto school至 U 校the subway 乘地铁the train坐火车for 到 地方去离开去某地to把带到6. most students 大多数学生7. depend on 依赖 决定于 to从”到,，of 想到想起bikes 骑自行车other parts of the world在世界的其他地方12. how far 多远the train to school乘火车去上学places 在一些地方to school by boat乘船去上学the school bus乘坐校车二、重点知识详解diffe

2、rent from 和,，不同about担忧焦虑担心19. take sb. some time to do sth.时间去做某事common 共有，相同abroad 去国外旅游22. go down to23. most of24. some of25. bus station26. bus ride27. come back28. by boat29. walk to school延续至；走下去大多数的一些汽车站乘汽车之行回来乘坐小船步行去上学30. have to 不得不+a/an/the+表示交通工具的名词乘,，去某地是动词短语在句中作谓语。He takes the train.tak

3、e the subway 乘地铁take awalk散步take abath洗个澡take arest休息一会take aseat坐下take some medicine 吃药+表示交通工具的单数名词或on/in+ a/an/the/one ' s+表示交通工具的单数名词花费某人某些是介词短语作方式状语。I get to school by bike. = I get to school on my bike.ride/drive/fly+to+地点名词步行/骑自行车/开车/坐飞机去某地表示乘交通工具方式可以互换表达相同的意义：Take the bus to school=go to

4、school by bus=go to school on a busDrive a car to work=go to work by car=go to work in a carFly to shanghai=go to shanghai by plane/air=take the/a plane to shanghai=go to shanghai on a/an/the plane. 表示“到达”后接名词需加to接地点副词不加to.reach表示到达是及物动词其后直接接宾语。arrive in+ 大地点arrive at + 小地点 后接副词不需介词。5. It takes sb s

5、ome money/time to do sth.花费某人多少时间/钱做某事Sb pay some money for sth某人为某物花费多少钱Sb spend some time/money on sth某人在做某事或某物上花费时间/钱Sb spend some time/ money (in)doing sth Sth cost sb some money某物花费某人多少钱6. How far is it from A to B=How far is B from A 答语有两种1 It ' smeters/miles/kilometers(away)有,，米 /英里/千米 远2

6、 It 's about ten minutes ' walk/ ride.大约有十分钟步行/骑车的路程。on/ upon 视,，而定 取决于依靠+名词、代词或从句做宾语不用于进行时态和被动语态中。to后加动词原形侧重客观的需要有“不得不被迫”之意有多种时态形式否定式为don' t have to(needn ' t)意为"不必"。Must侧重于说话者的主观看法认为有必要或有义务做某事只有现在时一种形式，否定式must' t意为“一定不要 不允许 禁止”反意词为“ needn' t "。number of+名词复数+

7、复数谓语 许多“ the number of + 名词复数 +单数谓语,的数量it rains I take a taxi.由 when, while, since, until, before, after , as soon as, the first time等引导的时间状语从句中由if, unless等引导的条件状语从句中主句可以是一般将来时祈使句或有情态动词的句子从句要用一般现在时表将来。10.感谢用语Thank you very much , Thanks a lot , Many thanks.回答感谢用语的句子That' s ok /all right.不用谢。You

8、are welcome 不客气。It is my pleasure./My pleasure./It is a pleasure.不客气、 那是我的荣幸。Don' t mention it 。别在意。It was nothing at all.刃 B 没什么。三、语法归纳一 how引导的特殊疑问句 引导的特殊疑问句提问交通方式其答语分三种情况a. take a/an/the+ 交通工具 单数 b. by+ 交通工具单数 c. on/in+ 限定词+交通工具2. how far 用来提问距离 多远其答语分为两种1 用长度单位表示It is five kilometers.2 用时间表示

9、It ' s twenty minutes ' walk. long 用来提问时间意为多久回答常用"for+段时”。-How long have you learnt English -For 3 years. how soon用来提问做完某事还需要多长时间常用于将来时态时 常用"in+时间段”来回答。 How soon will you arrive in Beijing -In3 hours.二宾语从句1 .在句子中起宾语作用的句子叫宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序。2 .宾语从句的连接词1 从属连词有 that, if, whether 。Nobody k

10、new whether she could pass the exam. I know that sheis from America.2 连接代词有 who, whom, whose, what 等 Do you know whose book it is Could you tell me what your father looks like3 连接副词有 when, where, why, how等 He didn ' t tell mewhen we could meet again. I don' t know how I can get there.3.时态1主句

11、是一般现在时从句的时态由句子本身确定。2主句是过去时从句用过去时态。3主句是过去时从句是客观真理时用一般现在知识讲授1 、 How do you get to school(1) how是疑问副词，意为“如何，怎样，用什么手段”。本句为 how引导的特殊疑问句，用以询问交通工具。 take + a/the + 表示交通工具的名词，是动词短语，在句中作谓语。 by + 表示交通工具的单数名词或on/in + a/the + 表示交通工具的单数名词，是介词短语，作方式状语。eg: I walk./ I get to school on foot.I ride my bike./ I get to

12、school by bike./ I get to school on my bike.I take the bus./ I get to school by bus./ I get to school on the bus.【注意】by + 表示交通工具的单数名词时，名词前不能加任何冠词或者其他修饰词。(2)get 在句中为不及物动词，意为“到达”，常与 to 连用，但是表示目的地的词是副词here 、 there 、home等时，则不需要用介词to。eg: They ll get to Beijing at six tonight.I ll get there on time.2、 It

13、takes about 25 minutes to walk.It takes sb sometime to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间【辨析】spend, cost, pay 与 take(1)spend的主语必须是人。常用于 spendon sth或spend(in) doing sth. 意为“某人花时间/金钱做某事”。eg: I spent 5 dollars on the book.(2)cost 的主语只能是事情。常用于sth cost sb some money 意为“某物花费某人多少钱”。eg: The skirt costs her 200 yuan.(3)pay

14、的主语必须是人。长用于sb pay some money for sth. 意为“某人为某物付款”。eg: He paid 1000 yuan for the TV set.(4)take 用于 It takes sb some time( money) to do sth.句型中。eg: It took him seven days to make the big cake.3、 Then the early bus takes him to school.taketo意为"把带到【辨析】take , bring与fetchtake意为“带走，拿走”，强调从说话地将人和物带走别的地

15、方去bring意为“带走”，强调将某人或某物从别的地方带到说话地来fetch意为“去拿，去取”，即离开说话地去取某物后再回来，强调动作的往返4、How do students around the world get to school(1)意为“环绕；围绕；绕过”eg: The earth moves around the sun.(2)表示“在四周”eg: There are many trees around the playground.(3)表示“在的附件”eg: Is there a park around here(4)表示“大约”，常与数字连用eg: He goes to sc

16、hool at around 8 o ' colck.5、In North America, not all student take the bus to school.not all这个结构所表达的意思通常是“部分否定”，意为“并不是所有的都"。当not用于代词all, many, much, every, both 前时，均属于部分否定。eg: Not all that glitters is gold.发光的并不都是金子。6、I have a map but it ' s in Chinese, and I only speak English.in Chin

17、ese“用汉语”，in表示“用”，主要用“用某种语言，用某种材料，用某种方式”。eg: I paid the bill in cash.【辨析】say, speak, talk 与 tellsay意为“说，讲”，它针对的是说话的内容speak意为“说，讲”，speak不强调说话的内容，但有时指讲某种语言，（在会上）发百要用talk意为“谈话；交谈”，有不及物动词和名诃两种词性，常与with,about 或 to 搭配tell意为“说；告诉”诉某人关于杲事,侧重于"告诉”的含义多一些，常用tell sb about sth“和 tell sb （n ot ）to do sth"

18、;告诉某人（不要）做某事”“告7、Let me look at your map.【辨析】look, read, see 与 watchlook意为“看”的动作，强调“看”的动作，多以词组形式出现，如look at, looklike,.look after等read意为“读”，多指看书、看报、看杂志、看图等see意为 看见，看到，侧重于 看 的结果，常用句式：see sb do/doing sthwatch意为“观看，注视”，指非常仔细地、有目的地、特定地看，多接比赛、电视语法讲解一一how引导的特殊疑问句1、how引导的特殊疑问句提问交通方式。其答语分三种情况:take a/the +交通

19、工具（单数）by +交通工具（单数）on/in + 限定词 +交通工具eg:How do you go to work every dayI drive to work./I go to work by car./ I go to work in my car.2、how far用来提问距离，意为“多远”。其答语分为两种情况：用长度单位表示eg:How far is it from your home to the bus stopIt ' s five kilometers.用时间表示eg:How far is the park from the shopIt ' s ten

20、 minutes ' walk.3、how long用来提问时间，意为“多久”。eg:How long have you been in AmericaFor two years.语法知识1. It takes sb. some time to do sth.花费某人某些时间去做某事人们花了很多时间才到了那例如：It took the people a lot of time to get to the mountain.座大山。每天早晨我步行到学校要花费二十分钟。It will take three hours to finish the work.完成那项工作需要花费三个小时。2.

21、 动词 take 还有其他词义；例如：1) 得到；获得You have to take it as you find it.对这个你只得将就些算了。2) 拿；握住；抓住The mother took her child by the hand.母亲拉着孩子的手。3) 取走，拿走Take this shopping home.把这件买的东西拿回家。The foods here are all free - take any you like.这里的食品都是免费的, 你们随便吃吧。汽车去Who has taken my chocolate谁拿了我的巧克力4) 乘，坐，搭(车、船)Shall we

22、go by bus or take a cab我们是乘公共汽车去还是乘出租to take a bus to work乘公共汽车上班5) 吃；喝；服用；吸入Take your medicine. 把药服下。6) 进行；作；为to take a walk 散步If you don't take / get more exercise you'll get fat.你如果不多锻炼就会发胖。The state government has decided to take a 50% cut of oil profits.州政府决定抽取石油利润的百分之五十。We must take a

23、long hard look at their suggestion.to take a look around在附近看看他们的建议我们要好好研究一番。就可以换好衣服。发挥止痛作用。7) 测出，量出Take your temperature.量一量你的体温。 一量你的体温。8) 减掉，去掉If you take 4 from 10, you have 6.9) 懂得；了解Do you take me 你懂我的意思吗十减去四剩六。10) 攻读，修(课)Did you take history at school你在学校上过历史课吗11) 吸引；着迷He is really taken by th

24、e little dog.他对小狗着了迷。12) 持续，花费(时间)Just a minute, it won't take me long to change.等一下 , 我很快This new pain-killer doesn't take long to act on the pain这种新止痛药不需要很长时间就能It takes me twenty minutes to get to school on foot every morning.13）照像，拍照photographs and measure temperatures.这次他设法爬进了基特罗火山口，以便能拍

25、到照片,测量温度。I had my picture taken this morning.今天早晨我照了像。3. depend v. 依靠，依赖1） depend （常与on, upon 连用）视情况而定That depends.视情形而定。It all depends on how you tackle the problem.那要看你如何应付这问题而定。2）（常与on连用）信任，信赖；需要I haven't a car, I have to depend on the buses.我没有汽车，只能靠公共汽车。Children must depend on their parents

26、.孩子们必须依赖他们的父母You can depend on his honesty.你可以相信他的诚实depend on 依靠；由.而定，取决于；从属于；依赖其维持depend upon 依靠；由.而定，取决于；从属于；依赖其维持重点句型解析1 .交通方式的询问：How do you get to school回答：ron footI walkby bikeI ride a bikeJoschocarI drive a /my carI get / go to schoolby busI take a / the busby trainI take a/ the trainby plan/

27、airI take a/ the planby boatI take a /the boat注意点：并不是所有都用take,也并不是所有都用by,注意四个方面 步行特殊的：walk = go .on foot , By car , by bike = drive a / my car , ride a / my bike By +交通工具无冠词， 但ride a bike/ drive a car/ take a bus等必须有冠词 a/ the. 除了介词 by +交通工具外，还可以用on/ in + 交通工具，on a bus, in a car , on my bike2.对于路程多久的

28、提问：How long does it take回答：It takes me 30 minutes.（重点句型）This time, he managed to climb into the mouth of Kituro so that he could take重/难点辨析：花费 take , spend, pay ,costIt takes sb time/ money to do sth.（有时态变化 ，过去式 took,）Sb. spend time/ money on sth/ in doing sth.Sb. pay money for sth物 cost sb. time/ m

29、oney.3 .对于路程有多远的提问：How far is it from his home to school回答： It's about 10 kilometers （away ）from his home to school.重点、难点辨析：be far from, away from, from .to .far from, 离远 My school is far fro m my home.具体路程 +away from, My school is 10 kilometersaway from my home. from oo to, 从。至U。It ' s 10 kilometers （away） from my school to my home.A +be + 路程距离 from +B, My school （A） is 10 kilometers from my home （ B）.4 .宾语从句：疑问语序变为陈述语序（引导词+主语+谓语）（重、难点）Thomas wants