中考英语专题-冠词-考点归纳+随堂练习

1、中考英语专题-冠词-考点归纳+随堂练习【考点1-不定冠词】不定冠词的用法用法例句用法例句用于第一次提到的人或物的名称前Thisisausefulbook.这是一本有用的书。泛指一类人或事物，以区别于其他种类Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.飞机是一种能飞的机器。泛指某人或某物Ayoungmaniswaitingforyou.一位年轻人在等你。用于表示时间、速度、价格等意义的名词前，表示每一”Wegoswimmingthreetimesamonth.我们每月去游泳三次。用在序数词前表示又一，再一”Thecakeisdelicious,andI'likeasecondo

2、ne.这个蛋糕很美味,我想再要一个。固定搭配Takeaphoto照相havealook看一看haveatry试一试haveacold感冒haveawalk散步havearest休息takeabus乘坐公交车inahurry匆忙forawhile一会儿keepadiaryt己日t己haveagood/greattime玩得愉快不定冠词a和an的区别a用在以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前，an用在以元音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前。常见的以元音音素开头的单词前用a/an的情况如下：Aaanapple/anartist/anaunt/anAsiancountry/anAmericangirlE

3、eaEuropeancountry/anegg/anEnglishdictionary/an11-year-oldboyIianidea/aninterestingstoryOoAnoldman/anoutgoinggirl/anorangeUuanumbrella/ausefulbook/auniversitystudent/aUFO/ausualstory/anuglyman/anuncle/anunhappysmile/anunusualday特另I记忆：anhour/anhonestman【考点2-定冠词】用法例词或例句用于双方都知道的人或事物前Givemethebook,please

4、.请把那本书给我。指一类人或事物中特定的人或事物一Doyouknowthegirlingreen?你知道穿绿衣服的那个女孩吗？Sheisourmonitor.她是我们的班长。特指的或上文提到过的人或物Therewasamaninthehotel.Themanlookedverytired.旅馆里有一个人。那个人看上去很疲惫。用在世界上独一无二的事物前thesun太阳；themoon月亮；theearth地球用在序数词或形容词的最高级前thefirsttime第次；theyoungest最年轻的用在与play连用的乐器名称前playthepiano/guitar/violin/drum弹钢琴/弹

5、吉他/拉小提琴/打鼓用在姓氏的复数形式前，表示一家人或夫妇theGreens格林一家/夫妇用于江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、沙漠等专有名词前，或由普通名词构成的专有名词之前theGreatWall长城；theSummerPalace颐和园；theScienceMuseum科学博物馆；theFriendshipStore友谊商店用在方位名词前inthesouth在南方；ontheright在右边常见搭配atthesametime同时;bytheway顺便问一下;inthepast在过去;inthedark在黑日厝中;intheway挡道，碍事;inthedistance在远处;intheend在最后;

6、intheopenair在户夕卜；gotothecinema看电影;allthesame仍然；thenumberof的数目【考点3-零冠词】用法例词一日三餐、球类运动、语言、学科、棋类、游戏等名词前aftersupper晚饭后；playfootball踢足球；learnEnglish学英语；playchess下国际象棋与by连用的交通工具名称前bytrain乘火车；bybus乘公共汽车人名、地名等专有名词前BeijingStreet北京大街节日、星期、月份、季节前Teacher'Day教师节；Sunday星期天；January一月；summer夏天名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、

7、疑问代词或名词所有格修饰时thisbook这本书；myson我的儿子；Jack'bike杰克的自行车常见固定搭配onfoot步行；gotoschool去上学；dayandnight夜以2H日；bymistake错误地；onholiday在度假athome在家;atfirst/last首先/最后;intime及时;handinhand手拉手;onearth究竟，到底;indanger在危险中【注意】节日前一般不加冠词，但一般我国含有"Festival”的传统节日前要加the。如：theSpringFestival春节。【随堂练习】1 .DoyouknowYeShiwen?Yes

8、,sheisOlympicswimmingstar.Shestartedswimmingatageofsix.A.an;anB.a;theC.the;anD.an;the2 .一DoyouknowRobert?Yes,heisuniversitystudent.Helikessportsandrunsforhoureverymorning.A.a;aB.a;anC.an;anD.an;a3 .JohnoftenreadsEnglishinevening.A.aB.anC.theD./4 .YesterdayIsawfilm.Itmovedmedeeply.A.aB.anC.theD./5.Ih

9、adunusualdayonmylastschooltrip.A.aB.anC.theD./6.Theteenagershadgoodtimeinthesummercamplastyear.A.aB.anC.theD./答案：DBCABA一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷1 .阅读下列短文，从每题所给的(A、BC和D)四个选项中选出最佳选项。Whenamanwaswalkingbysomeelephants,hesuddenlystoppedHewonderedwhythesehugeanimalswerebeingheldonlybyasmallropetiedtotheirfrontlegs.N

10、ochains,nocages.Itwasclearthattheelephantscouldbreaktheropeatanytime,butforsonicreason,theydidnot.Hesawatrainernearbyandaskedwhytheanimalsjuststoodthereanddidn'ttrytogetaway."Well,"thetrainersaid,"whentheywereveryyoungandmuchsmaller,weusedthesameropetokeepthemfromrunningaway.Attha

11、tage,it'senoughtoholdthem.Astheygrowup,theyareconditionedtobelievetheycannotbreaktilerope.Theybelieveitcanstillholdthem,sotheynevertrytobreakfree."Themanwassurprised.Theseanimalscouldbreakfleewhenevertheywanted,butbecausetheybelievedtheycouldn't,theywerestuck_rightwheretheywere.Howmanyo

12、fusgothroughlifeliketheelephants-holdingontothebeliefthatwecannotdosomethingsimplybecausewefailedatitoncebefore?Failureisapartoflearning.Ifwefailedonce,itdoesn'tmeanwecanneversucceed.Ifwetryagainandagain,maybewewillsucceedoneday.Sodon'tbeafraidoffailureandkeepontrying.(1) Whydidtheelephantsn

13、evertrytobreaktheropeaftertheygrewup?A.Becausetheylikedbeingtied.B.Becausetheyweretooweaktobreakit.C.Becausetheydidn'twanttobreakit.D.Becausetheythoughttheycouldn'tbreakit.(2) Theunderlinedword"stuck"inParagraph3means"".A.leftB.caughtC.killedD.found(3) Whatdoesthewriterwa

14、nttotellus?A. Elephantsshouldbesetflee.B. Failurecanhelpussucceed.C. Neverletfailurestopyoufromtryingagain.D. Peopleshouldlookaftertheelephantswell.【答案】(1)DB(3)C【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了一个男人看到大象被绳子绑住了一只脚而不逃走，由此引发对人生的思考。(1)细节题。根据原文提至U了Astheygrowup,theyareconditionedtobelievetheycannotbreaktilerope.Theybelievei

15、tcanstillholdthem,sotheynevertrytobreakfree.可知大象小时候被绑住，长大了以后依然认为绳子可以拴住他们，故选Do(2)推断题。根据原文提到了becausetheybelievedtheycouldn't,可知他们认为自己已经被这根绳子困住了，故选Bo(3)主旨大意题。根据原文提至U了Ifwefailedonce,itdoesn'tmeanwecanneversucceed.Ifwetryagainandagain,maybewewillsucceedoneday.可知作者想告诉我们永远不要被困难打倒，坚强起来，故选Co【点评】考查阅读理

16、解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。2.阅读理解Iwascute,activeandhappyuntilthatdaywhenIwas15monthsold.Ihadabadfall.Ilandedonaglassrabbitandcutoneofmyeyesbadlyenoughtoblindme.Thedoctorsaidthatiftheeyewastakenout,myfacewouldlookworse,somyscaredandblindeyeliveson

17、withme.Peopleoftenaskmeuncomfortablequestionsaboutmyeyeorevenplayjokesonme.Whenthekidsplayedgames,Iwasalwaysthe"badguy".Everyonelookeddownonme.YeteverytimemomnoticedIwasunhappy,shewouldsaytome,"Holdyourheaduphighandfacetheworld."Ithelpedmemoveoninlife.Asachild,Ithoughtmommeant:&q

18、uot;Becarefuloryouwillfalldownorknockintosomethingbecauseyouarenotlooking."Asateenager,Ialwayslookeddowntohidemyshame,butIfoundthatpeoplelikedmewhenIheldmyheaduphigh.InhighschoolIwasevenmademonitor,butoutsideIstillfeltlikeafreak(怪物).AllIreallywantedwastolooklikeeveryoneelse.Whenthingsgotreallyb

19、ad,Iwouldcrytomymomandshewouldlookatmewithlovingeyesandsay,"Holdyourheaduphighandfacetheworld.Letthemseethelovethatisinside."Mom'slovegavemeconfidence.FinallyIwasabletolookpeopleintheeye.Ilearnednotonlytoappreciate(欣赏)myselfbutalsotohavedeeploveforothers.(1) Whathappenedtothewriterwhen

20、shewas15monthsold?A.Shewasblindinbotheyes.B.Shetriedtocatcharabbitandbrokeherleg.C.Shehadaneyediseaseandwenttoseethedoctor.D.Shefelldownonsomeglassandinjuredoneeye.(2) Peopleweretothewriterwhenshewasyoung.A.unfriendlyB.patientC.helpfulD.polite(3) WhichofthefollowingaboutthewriterisTRUEaccordingtothe

21、passage?A.Shecouldunderstandhermother'swordswhenshewasachild.B.Shealwaysheldherheaduphighwhenshewasateenager.C.Shewasconfidentbothinclassandoutsideofhighschool.D.Hermomgaveherconfidenceandfinallyshecouldlookotherpeopleintheeye.(4) Inthepassage,thewriterwantstotellusweshould.A.repayourparents'

22、;loveB.learntoacceptandappreciateourselvesC.feelsorryaboutourdisadvantagesD.alwayshavedeeploveforothers【答案】(1)DA(3) D(4) B【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者失明后，妈妈一直鼓励自己要抬起头面对世界，这给作者很大的自信，妈妈的爱让作者知道不仅要欣赏自己，而且也要深爱别人。(1) 细节题。根据whenIwas15monthsold.Ihadabadfall.Ilandedonaglassrabbitandcutoneofmyeyesbadlyenoughtoblindme.可知作者1

23、5个月大时，作者跌倒在玻璃上，以至于眼睛失明了，故选D。(2) 细节题。根据Peopleoftenaskmeuncomfortablequestionsaboutmyeyeorevenplayjokesonme可知人们问作者眼睛的问题，并且嘲笑作者，可知人们对作者是不友好的，故选Ao(3) 细节题。根据Mom'slovegavemeconfidence.FinallyIwasabletolookpeopleintheeye.可知妈妈的爱给了作者信心，并且能用眼睛看人，故选Do(4)细节题。根据Ilearnednotonlytoappreciate(欣赏)myselfbutalsotoh

24、avedeeploveforothers.可知我们应该欣赏并且接受自己，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。3.阅读理解NowsomewomenarespendingaweekendatMother'sCamp(营地).There,husbandsandchildrenarenotallowed.Whywouldawomanwanttotakeavacationwithoutherfamily?Somewomensaytheyneedtimetobealone.AtMother'sCampawomanhasroomforherself.Shec

25、ansleep,readorwatchTV,andnoonewillbotherher.Nochildrenwillask,“Mom,what'sfordinner?”Nohusbandwillsay,can'tfindanycleansocks."Infactalmost50%ofwomenintheUnitedStatesworkoutsidethehome.Manyofthemworkfull-timeandthencomehomeforasecondjobtakingcareoftheirhomesandfamilies.Theseworkingwomensa

26、yoneoftheirbiggestproblemsishousework.IntheUnitedStates,workingwivesdoabout75%ofthehousework.Manyoftheirhusbandssaytheywanttohelp.Butthentheyburnthericeortheycan'tfindthepans.Theyasksomanyquestionsthattheirwivesdecideitiseasiertodothejobthemselves.SomewomengotoMother'sCampjusttogetabreakfrom

27、housework.Fortwodaystheydon'tcook,theydon'tcleanandtheydon'tlookaftertheirchildrenandhusbands.Whatdotheydo?Theyenjoywarm,sunnyweather,walking,swimmingorboatinginaclearbluelakeandsingsongsaroundthecampfire.Theyrelaxawayfromhome.TheyhaveareallywonderfulvacationatMother'sCamp.(11) Fromt

28、hispassagewecanseeintheUnitedStates.A.womenwanttoworkoutsidethehomeB.workingwivesdomostofthehouseworkC.husbandsdoasmuchhouseworkastheirwivesD.womendonotliketostayathomewiththeirfamilies(12) AtMother'sCamp,womencan't.A.watchTVB.readnewspapersC.swiminthelakeD.bringtheirhusbandsandchildren(13)

29、Whywouldsomemothersliketobealone?Because.A.theydon'tliketheirhusbandsandchildrenB.theyhavetoworkfull-timeC.theyaretoobusytorelaxthemselvesD.theywantanewlife(14) isoneofthebiggesttroublesforworkingwivesintheUnitedStates.A.HouseworkB.WorkingoutsidethehomeC.WhentotakeavacationD.Lookingaftertheirchi

30、ldren(15) What'sthebesttitleofthispassage?A.BusyWorkingMothersB.HowtoBuyGiftsforMothersC.MothersRelaxAwayFromHomeD.MothersintheUS【答案】(1)BD(3) C(4) AC【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了美国一些工作的母亲参加妈妈营地”从家务中解脱出来，放松一下。(1)推理判断题。根据IntheUnitedStates,workingwivesdoabout75%ofthehousework.可知美国工作的妻子做大部分家务，故选Bo(2)推理判断题。根据No

31、wsomewomenarespendingaweekendatMother'sCamp(营地).There,husbandsandchildrenarenotallowed.可知在妈妈营地“妇女不带他们的丈夫和孩子，故选D。(3) 推理判断题。根据SomewomengotoMother'sCampjusttogetabreakfromhousework.和Theyrelaxawayfromhome.可知一些母亲喜欢单独待着是因为他们因为太忙了而没有时间放松，故选Co(4) 细节理解题。根据Theseworkingwomensayoneoftheirbiggestproblems

32、ishousework.可知在美国对于工作的妻子来说，最大的麻烦是家务，故选Ao(5) 标题归纳题。本文介绍了一些工作的母亲参加妈妈营地”从家务中解脱出来，放松一下，故选Co【点评】对阅读理解能力的测试是英语考试中必不可少的测试项目，主要考查学生对于不同体裁或不同题材语言材料的理解能力，以及通过材料的阅读，对材料中信息的捕获能力。首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找

33、、捕获有关信息。要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性。对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。4.阅读理解Whatproblemsdotheteenagersprobablyhave?Hereisasurveyshowingtheirmainproblems:ProblemsCausesAdviceFeelingstressedToomuchhomework.Don'thaveenoughtimefortheirhobbies.Makeaplanforstudyandhobbies.Finetimetorelaxaspos

34、sibleasyoucan.GettingshortsightedToomuchhomework.Badreadingandwritinghabits.Dohomeworkandreadinacorrectway.FightsDon'tknowhowtogetonwellwithclassmates.Makemorefriendsandunderstandeachother.Shareyourproblemswiththem.FeelingtiredofstudyComputergames'badinfluence.Don'tbecrazyaboutcomputerga

35、mesPlaythemjustforashorttimewhenyouwanttorelax.GettingfatHavealotofpocketmoneytobuysnacks.Dislikedoingexercise.Useyourpocketmoneytodosomethingmeaningful.Spendsometimedoingexerciseeveryday.(1) Whatproblemsarecausedbytoomuchhomework?A. Feelingstressedandfights.B. Feelingtiredofstudyandgettingfat.C. Fe

36、elingstressedandgettingshort-sighted.D. Gettingshort-sightedandfeelingtiredofstudy.(2) IfSimonisfeelingstressed,heshould.A. domuchmorehomeworkB. makeaplantospendtimeonstudyandhobbiesC. donatehispocketmoneytoProjectHopeD. buysomesnacks(3) Peteristiredofstudy,maybebecausehe.A.hasnoclosefriendsB.hasnop

37、ocketmoneyC.playstoomanycomputergamesD.getsfatterandfatter(4) isagoodwayforteenagerstostopfights.A.DoinglesshomeworkB.PlayingcomputergamesC.LearninghowtomakefriendsD.Payingnoattentiontoeachother【答案】(1)CB(3) C(4) C【解析】【分析】主要讲了关于青少年可能有的问题的一项调查结果。(1)细节题。根据FeelingstressedToomuchhomework.Don'thaveeno

38、ughtimefortheirhobbies.GettingshortsightedToomuchhomework.Badreadingandwritinghabits.可知太多的作业会导致感觉有压力和变近视，故选C。(2)细节题。根据第一行AdviceMakeaplanforstudyandhobbies.可知制定学习和爱好计划，故选B。(3)细节题。根据FeelingtiredofstudyComputergames'badinfluence.可知厌恶学习的原因是电脑的坏的影响，故选Co(4)细节题。根据FightsMakemorefriendsandunderstandeacho

39、ther.可知交更多的朋友和相互理解可以阻止打架，故选a【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。(5) 读理解Weallknowthatmanywomenliketoweardresses.Theyenjoymanykindsofcolourfulandpopulardresses.Buthaveyoueverheardofa4Ddress?JessicaRosenkrantzintheUSAused3Dprintingtechnologytomakeaveryspecialandnewdress.Itwillhelpwiththeproblemsofdifferents

40、tylesofwomen'sdresses.Thedressmakercalledthespecialdressa"4Ddress"".Itislikethefabric(织物).Itcanturnintodifferentkindsofshapes.Thecompany,inMassachusetts,theUSA,alsomadeasmartphoneandanapp(应用).Theycanhelpwomentocontroltheirdresses.Ifwomenusethephoneandtheapp,theycanchangethecolour,

41、thestyleandmanyotherthingsofthedresses.Isn'titveryinteresting?Whenshetalkedaboutherwork,Jessicasaid,"Therewillbemanymorechangeabledressesforwomeninthefuture.Iaminterestedinmakingthemtoo,Ican'twaittomakedifferentkindsofnewdressesforwomen."(1) Whatwillthe4Ddressdoforwomen?A.Itwillmakewomenrelaxthemselvesalot.B.Itwillturnintodifferentstylesforwomen.C.Itwillhelpwomenkeepthinandbeautiful.D.Itwillhelpwomenfindgoodjobseasily.(2) Whatdoestheunderlinedword"It"inthepassagereferto?A.The4D