定语从句-全版+练习

1、定语从句一、常见考点和问题1. 什么是关系代词和关系副词？如何判断该选择关系代词还是关系副词？2.什么是限制性定语从句？什么是非限制性定语从句？3.什么情况下只能使用that？反之，什么情况下只能用which？4.as的用法有哪些？怎么与which区别？ 5.介词+which/whom在使用时，介词由什么来决定？6.常见的抽象地点名词有哪些？7.定语从句中的主谓一致？二、解答考点1. 关系代词和关系副词又称关系词，用来引导定语从句、代替先行词并在从句中担当一个成分。用法见下表：词例先行词充当成分例句关系代词who人主语This is the doctor who saved my life .

2、whom人宾语She is the new student (whom) I want to tell to you .that人&物主语、宾语（指人相当于who或whom，指物相当于which）which物主语、宾语1.Please pass me the book which is lying on the table. 2.The novel (which) Tom bought is very interesting.as物主语、宾语The earth ,as is known to all ,is round.whose=of whomof which人&物定语The profess

3、or whose daughter teaches you English is Dr. Williams关系副词when=atinonduring which时间状语Well never forget the day when the Peoples Republic of China was founded.where=atinto which地点状语This is the house where he lived.why=for which原因状语I know the reason why she works so well.2、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句非限制

4、性定语从句从句与先行词的关系从句是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整或不明确。从句只是对先行词的附加说明，如果省去,主句的意思仍然清楚或完整标 点从句和主句之间不用逗号分开从句和主句之间通常用逗号分开关系代词指人who (that) whom指人who（作主语）whom（做宾语）指物which (that)指物which人和物的whose人和物的whose关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省去关系代词一般不可省修饰从句只修饰一个名词或代词可以修饰一个词也可修饰整个主句翻译定语从句译在被修饰词的前面定语从句通常被译成另一个独立的句子3、关系代词which和that的选用1）只能用th

5、at做关系代词的情况：只能用that做关系代词的情况例句1当先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, much, little, none, one等不定代词时(something除外)Pay attention to everything that I do.2当先行词被All, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时He has little time that he can spare.3当先行词被序高考资源网数词或形容词最高级修饰时This is the best novel (that) have read.

6、4如果出现两个或两个以上的先行词，并同时兼指人和物时They were talking about the person and things that they remembered in school.5当先行词被the only, the last, the way, the same等等修饰时This is the last time that I I want to see you.6.在疑问词who, which, what开头的特殊疑问句中,为了避免重复只用thatWhich of the students that knows something about history.7

7、当定语从句为there be 句型时，关系代词只能用that,也可以省略This is the fastest train (that) there is to Beijing.8当指人或物的关系代词在定语从句中做表语时，关系代词只能用that,也可以省略China is not the country (that) it was. 2）指物只能用which 不用that的情况:只能用which 不用that的情况:例句1在非限制性定语从句中St Petersburg, which was once called Leningrad, is a very beautiful city.2在介词

8、后面This is the room in which we lived last year.3）指人时只能用who不用 that的情况: 只能用who不用 that的情况例句1先行词为one, ones，those，anyone，he时Those who break the law must be punished.4、 as与which的区别as与which均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换，但下列情况多用as: 多用as的情况:例句1与such或the same连用时，一般用asSuch books as you read are interestingSuch money as h

9、e earned was spent on books.2as 引导的从句可以放在句首, as 表“正如.正象”之意As we all know, the earth is round.5.介词+which/whom在使用时，介词由什么来决定？1) 介词与定语从句中的动词构成固定搭配 These are the wires with which different machines are connected. 2) 介词与定语从句中的形容词构成固定搭配 The author, with whom all of us are familiar, will visit our company.

10、3) 介词与先行词构成固定搭配 There is no way in which it could be brought back to the earth.4) 主句与从句的逻辑关系 These are my glasses, without which I cant see things clearly. 6.常见的抽象地点名词有哪些？situation, position, case (where= in which)point, stage (where= at which)condition (where= on which) activity, relationship, fami

11、ly, class, platform ，process等 例句：We are forced into a situation, where/ in which we have to reduce our production largely.7、定语从句中的主谓一致*定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致:1.I am not one who is afraid of difficulty2.Dont choose me, who am not fit for this jobII、实战演练第一波: 用恰当的关系代词或关系副词填空： 1. Because of my poor

12、 memory, all _ you told me has been forgotten.2. Do you remember those days _ we spent along the seashore very happily? 3. Those _ want to go please sign their names here. 4. Who is the woman _ is sweeping the floor over there?5. The man _ you are going to make friends is my fathers neighbour.6. Fin

13、ally, the thief handed over everything _ he had stolen to the police. 7. This is the very letter _came last night. 8. This is the factory _ we worked a year ago.9. Jack is pleased with what you have given him and all _ you have told him.10. Do you work near the building _ colour is yellow?11. Alice

14、received an invitation from her boss, _ came as a surprise.12. I live in the house _ windows face south. 13. They stayed with me three weeks, _ they drank all the wine I had.14. The room _ Mr White lives is not very large. 15. Ive finished writing the novel, _ is to be published next month. 16. He r

15、eturned home safe and sound after a fierce battle, _ was unexpected.17. The old man had three sons, all of _ died during World War . 18. I have bought two pens, both of _ write well. 19. Do you know the reason _ she has changed her mind?20. He failed in the exam, _ proves that he wasnt working hard

16、enough. 21. _ was expected, he succeeded in the exam.22. We should read such books _ will make us better and wiser.23. He is absent， _ is often the case.24. I shall never forget those years _ I lived in the country with the farmers, _ has a great effect on my life.25. This is the only book _ I can f

17、ind.26. This is the only one of the students _ handwriting isthe best.27. You must show my wife the same respect _ you show me.28. This is the professor _ taught me chemistry in 1980.实战演练第二波: 用恰当的关系代词或关系副词填空：1. The weather was very sunny the following day, _ was what we hadnt expected.2. The man abo

18、ut _ you told me the other day turned out to be a thief.3. I have finished reading all the books _ were borrowed from the school library.4. I have bought three ballpoint pens, none of _ writes smoothly.5. Is this the second time _ you have been to Guangzhou 6. I cannot forget the time _ I stayed in

19、the country with those farmers.7. _is reported in the newspaper, the war between the two countries has come to a stop.8. Lu Xun, _ real name is Zhou Shuren, wrote lots of novels and essays.9. Can you think of another example _ this phrase can be used?10 This is the store _ my father runs.11. The tra

20、in on _ he is traveling is late.12. I visited Hong Kong last month, _ live my uncles and aunts.13. Do you still remember the happy days _ we spent together in Beijing?14. Dont talk about such things _ you are not sure about.15. I have bought the same skirt _ she is wearing.16. He came out top in the

21、 exam, _ made his family very happy.17. Is this the reason _ he is late again?18. I dont think the reason _ he explained at the meeting was reasonable.19. Her parents wouldnt let her marry anyone _ family was very poor.20. Can you think of other ways _ we can solve this problem?21. I, _ am your best

22、 friend, will help you out.22. I attended the meeting last month, _ lots of people talked about that topic.23. The day will come _ the people all over the world will win liberation.24. On my birthday I got a watch from my uncle, _ was made in Japan.25. The students are talking about the strange people and stories _ they met in the adventure.26. This is Mr. Smith, _ I think has something interesting to tell you.27. He is the very man in _ pocket I found my lost money.28. _was usual, he arrived at school just before c