考研-常见介词用法总结

1、介词一、In介词prep.1.(表示位置在里面; 在, 于; 在部位上I could feel the tension in the room.我可以感觉到房间里的紧张气氛。They live in France.他们住在法国。2.(表示时间在时期, 在之后, 在过程中In her twenties and thirties she had had no difficulty getting jobs.她在二三十岁时找工作一点也不困难。I cannot see you now, come back in half an hour.我现在不能见你, 半小时后回来。3.(表示方向往内, 朝方向I

2、saw him go in the shop.我看到他走进了商店。4.(表示状态处于之中, 在情况下Martin was in his pyjamas.马丁穿着睡衣。They were living in terrible poverty.他们生活在极度贫困之中。5.(表示方式用, 以, 按, 乘, 以形式They were speaking in Italian.他们在讲意大利语。They went up in the lift.他们乘电梯上楼了。6.(表示原因由于, 为了He went in fear of his life.他为自己的性命担忧, 所以走了。7.(表示领域, 范围在以内It

3、 is not in my power to do that.做那事非我力所能及。8.(表示结果当做, 作为What did you give him in return?你给他什么作为报答呢?9.(表示目的为了They set off in search of the lost child.他们出发去寻找走失的孩子。10.表示职业、活动等从事于,参加11.表示数量、程度、比例按,以;从中12.表示品质、能力等在之中;在身上I don't think he had it in him.我认为他没这个本事。二、On介词prep.1.(表示位置在上, 在旁, 在身边That book on

4、 the desk is an atlas.桌上的那本书是地图册。2.(表示时间在之时It occurred on the morning of the fifteenth.事情发生在15号的上午。On arriving home, I was met by my daughter.到家时我的女儿出来迎接我。3.(表示方向向, 往, 朝; 沿着, 顺着They marched on the enemy's fortress.他们向敌人的要塞进军。We were driving on a California freeway.我们正沿着加利福尼亚的一条快车道驾车行驶。4.(表示状态系于,

5、 悬于; 附于A picture hangs on the wall.墙上挂着一幅画。He carried a coat on his arm.他手臂上搭着一件外衣。5.(表示方式乘, 坐, 骑She will leave on an early train.她将乘早班火车离开。We went to the factory on foot.我们步行到工厂去。6.(表示对象对, 对于, 碰在, 对造成困难There is much to be said on both sides.公说公有理, 婆说婆有理。The car broke down on us.汽车抛锚给我们造成了麻烦。7.(表示原因

6、由于, 因为The old worker retired on account of age.老工人因年老而退休。8.(表示比较与相比Today's weather is an improvement on yesterday's.今天的天气比昨天的好。9.(表示方位在方位The town stands on the left bank of the river.该镇坐落在河的左岸。The post office is on the right.邮局在右边。三、Into介词prep.1.(表示时间持续到, 进行到The meeting carried on into the a

7、fternoon.会议一直延续到下午。2.(表示方向进入中, 到里Anney dived into the water.安尼潜入水中。He came into the room.他到房子里面。3.(表示状态进入状态, 欠债They burst into laughter.他们突然大笑起来。He is into me for one hundred yuan.他欠我100元。4.(表示对象撞上, 渗进, 非常喜欢He bumped into me.他撞上了我。The oil will soak into the wood.油会渗进木头里。She is into music.她喜欢音乐。5.(表示

8、目标对着, 朝着She looked into my eyes.她盯着我的眼睛看。6.(表示结果分成, 变成He sawed the stick into pieces.他把棍子锯成几截。Dusk deepened into night.黄昏变成了夜色。She must be into her thirties by now.她一定30来岁了。7.(表示所属输入The information goes into a computer.这信息输入到电脑中。8.(表示过程从事于He talked of going into medicine.他谈到要学医。9.(表示运算 除Dividing 3 i

9、nto 6 gives 2.六除以三等于二。四、To介词prep.1.(表示时间到, 直到, 在到来之前, 离The Parliament was prorogued to the tenth of February.议会休会到二月十日。2.(表示方向朝, 往, 通向He turned to his companion before he replied.他转身朝向他的伙伴然后回答。3.(表示状态紧贴着, 紧靠着, 对着The two lovers danced cheek to cheek.那对情侣脸贴着脸跳舞。4.(表示对象对, 对于, 对来说What will Doris say to

10、it?对此事多丽丝将怎么说呢?5.(表示比较比, 相对于The men are noodles to her.与她相比, 这些男人都是笨蛋。6.(表示方位在方向方位, 处于顺序Scotland is to the north of England.苏格兰在英格兰之北。7.(表示距离离, 距离It is ten kilometres to the station.到车站十公里。8.(表示目标到达, 直到We came to a picturesque cottage.我们来到一座风景如画的村落。9.(表示结果转换为, 转变为, 趋于Wait until the lights change to

11、green.等交通灯变成绿色再走。10.表示归属属于;的the key to the classroom教室的钥匙11.表示附加附加于;加于add this to the others把这个加在另外几个上面12.表示伴随跟着;伴随;随同She danced to the music.她合着音乐跳舞。13.关于;就而言;对于;依看What will he say to this?对此他会说什么?14.适合;合乎;对的反应是五、Of介词prep.1.(表示时间在的, 在之前; 在期间He was born at the turn of the century.他出生于世纪之交。What do yo

12、u do of a Saturday?星期六你干什么?2.(表示方式根据She did it of her own will.她是自愿这么做的。3.(表示对象对于, 就而言He felt quite certain of success.他对成功很有把握。4.(表示原因由于, 因为, (用于某些形容词后,后接与感情相关的人或事I was sick of their fun and games.他们的嬉闹让我厌烦。5.(表示方位在; 位于New York is east of Washington.纽约在华盛顿以东。6.(表示范围在之中Tom is the eldest of the famil

13、y.汤姆是家里年龄最大的。7.(表示结果在方面The place is easy of access.这地方容易进入。8.(表示目的用于的This is a house of prayer.这是一座教堂。9.(表示否定缺乏, 没有They were destitute of necessaries of life.他们缺少生活必需品。10.属于(某人;关于(某人11.属于(某物;(某事部份的;关于(某物12.出身于(某背景;住在(某地13.关于,反映(某人或某事14.(用于表示性质、组成或涵盖即,由组成15.(用于表示计量、时间或年龄等16.(常用在some、a few 等词语之后,表示人或物

14、的所属属于的17.(表示人或事的时空位置在,当18.(用于由动词转化的名词之后,of 之后的名词可以是受动者,也可以是施动者19.(用于某些动词后,后接动作所涉及的人或事20.(用于对某人的行为发表看法21.(用于一个名词修饰另一个名词时六、At介词prep.1.(表示位置 在, 于; 到达, 达到; 经, 由; 在旁, 靠近; 在里; 在上; 在方位He was not at his office.他不在办公室。He was standing at the door.他正站在门边。2.(表示时间在, 在时刻时辰, 期间, 阶段, 时节; 在岁时The meeting will open at

15、 15 00.会议在下午三点钟开始。3.(表示状态处于状态, 在情况下;处于最佳(或最差等状态;在全盛(或谷底等时期The soldiers are standing at attention.士兵们立正站着。4.(表示方式以的方式; 通过一次的动作I was there at a bound.我纵身一跃就到了那里。5.(表示原因因为, 由于; (与形容词连用因为,由于,对We were frightened at the terrible sight.看到这可怕的景象, 我们被吓呆了。6.(表示距离从, 在距离处; 在远;从相隔远的地方I saw it at a distance.我从远处看

16、见了它。7.(表示目标朝, 向, 对着He threw the key at me.他把钥匙丢给我。8.(表示环境出席, 参加I remember him at a banquet on that night.我记得那天晚上他参加了一个宴会。9.(表示方向在方面;(与形容词连用,表示状况在方面She is good at describing things or expressing ideas.她善于描述事物或表达思想。10.(用于动词后,涉及未做成或未做完的事11.用于速度、比率等以,达12.应(而;响应;回答七、From介词prep.1.(表示时间从, 自We've been w

17、orking from morning to night.我们从早到晚一直工作。2.(表示状态从某(位置、状态等开(ki始(shHe rose from office boy to managing director in ten years.他在十年间由办公室勤杂员升至总经理。3.(表示范围从较低限度算起The jackets are from 35 dollars.这些夹克衫起价是35美元。4.(表示来源来自; 源于; 从里取出I come from the north.我是北方人。He took a shaving mirror from his bag.他从手提包里拿出一面剃须镜。5.

18、(表示分离与分离隔开; 减去; 扣除The wind blew his hat from his head.风将他的帽子从头上吹走了。Six from fifteen leaves nine.15减6等于9。6.(表示否定免于; 免遭Wild fruit kept us from dying of starvation.我们靠着野果才没被饿死。7.(表示方位从; 以为开始方向Latitudes are the lines that go from east to west.纬线是从东到西的线。8.(表示原因因为, 出于She told him the truth from a sense of

19、 loyalty.她告诉他真相是出于忠诚。9.(表示比较与相比; 与区分She is different from her sister in character.她和她姐姐性格不同。He can tell a fake from the original.他能分辨出赝品和真品。八、With介词prep.1.(表示关系和在一起Would you like to go to the street with me?你愿和我一起上街吗?2.(表示状态具有, 带有Many exhibits with characteristics of the Chinese art are on display.许

20、多具有中国艺术特色的展品陈列出来。3.(表示方式用, 以, 藉The room is cooled with air conditioner.这房间用空调降温。4.(表示对象对, 关于She was always good with the unfortunate.她对不幸的人总是很友好。5.(表示伴随与此同时, 随着I always rise with the bell.我总是听到铃声就起床。6.(表示让步虽然, 尽管With all his abilities, he failed completely.尽管很能干, 他还是一败涂地了。7.(表示原因由于, 因为She flushed wi

21、th delight.她高兴得脸上通红。8.(表示态度支持, 赞同Is he with us or against us?他赞成我们还是反对我们?9.(表示态度跟(对抗We are struggling with backwardness.我们在和落后现象做斗争。10.与对立;反对11.包括;还有12.与方向一致;顺着13.由持有;由负责14.为工作;受雇于;利用的服务15.虽然;尽管16.在旁边;在附近;在身边17.在之中;进入之中18.关于;就而言19.比较而言;与相比较20.同样;完全一样21.同意的;和谐的22.支持;站在一边二、九、By介词prep.1.(表示位置在近旁; 在身边;

22、靠近On a cold evening it is pleasant to sit by the fire.在寒冷的夜晚坐在炉火旁边很舒服。2.(表示时间不迟于; 在时候Be here by four o'clock.四点钟之前到这儿。She should be back by now.她现在应该回来了。3.(表示方向从中经过They came in by the back door.他们是由后门进来的。4.(表示方式搭乘, 通过; 抓住; 靠, 采取; 就而论; 以称呼方式; 以的名义; 凭着Are you to go there by bike or by bus?你骑车还是坐车去

23、?You can order tickets by telephone.你可以用电话订票。He seized her by the arm.他抓住她的手臂。Man does not live by bread alone.人不能单靠面包生存。They decided to raise the money by subscription.他们决定采取募捐的办法来筹集这笔款项。By temperament he was an artist.从气质上看, 他是一位画家。They always addressed each other by their Christian name.他们总是以教名互相

24、称呼。By God he's done it!老天为证, 他确实做了此事。I did it all by myself!我完全是靠自己做此事的。5.(表示原因随而来, 由于(置于不带the 的名词前,表示原因The meeting will be held in the school hall, by permission of the headmaster.由于有校长的准许, 会议将在学校大厅举行。6.(表示方位偏于The steamer will go west by north.这艘轮船将向西偏北方向航行。7.(表示环境借着光亮They were playing cards by

25、 electric light.他们正借着灯光打牌。8.(表示关涉经过I go by the house every day.我每天都要从这栋房子经过。9.(表示程度, 数量以之差We lost the match by one goal.我们以一分之差输了比赛。10.(常置于表被动的动词后,表示使为者11.在期间;处于某种状况12.从看;依;按照13.(与the 连用,表示时间或量度单位14.(表示速率15.(补充有关出生地、职业等的信息16.(起誓时用以的名义17.(表示触及或抓住的人或物的部份18.(用于乘除运算19.(表示尺寸时用十、for介词prep.1.(表示时间在(某一特定时间;

26、 在时节; 持续达2.(表示方向向, 朝, 开往They made a rush for the exit.他们猛然冲向出口处。3.(表示对象 替, 帮, 给, 为做准备, 对, 对于, 对来说, 在一方What can I do for you?我能帮你什么忙吗?Let me lift that heavy box for you.让我替你提那只重箱子。You had to be ready for any emergency.你得随时预防不测。This inspired in them a love for learning.这使他们产生了学习的热情。Fortunately for him

27、, he can swim.对他来说幸运的是, 他会游泳。He speaks too softly for her to hear.他讲话声音太轻, 她听不见。4.(表示原因因为, 由于, 作为的结果I'm pretty angry with you for not telling me.由于你没有告诉我, 我对你很生气。5.(表示距离延续达, 计有I followed him for some distance.我跟着他走了一段路程。6.(表示结果当做, 作为, 作为的部分, 就的条件而言We can't accept that as a basis for a decisi

28、on.我们不能同意以此为基础来做出决定。7.(表示目的为了, 适用于The ship sent out a message for help.船只发出求救信号。She's the very person for the work.她最适合干这项工作。8.(表示态度支持, 赞同, 想要Are you for the plan or against it?你支持这计划还是反对它呢?9.(表示比率按比例, 以价格, 第次I bought this book for 3.我买这本书花了三英镑。I met them for the second time last week.我上周第二次遇见他们

29、。10.(表示对象、用途等给,对,供11.关于12.代表13.受雇于14.支持;拥护15.为得到;为获取16.换取17. 就而言18. 对(某人来说(困难、必需、愉快等十一、AS介词prep.1.(表示时间当还是的时候As a schoolboy, he showed every sign of genius.当他还是个小学生的时候, 就显示出了天资聪慧。2.(表示方式以的身份, 以资格, 作为; 以形式, 以作为; 以角色, 扮演角色; 如同, 像3.(表示结果成为, 看作, 看成We had better treat it as a joke.我们最好把它当作玩笑。4.(表示目的为了, 以

30、为目的The dykes were built as a protection against the sea.建筑堤坝是为了防止海水泛滥。5.(表示举例例如, 诸如之类的We talked about such subjects as the weather.我们谈论了诸如天气之类的话题。十二、than介词prep.1.与相比1.表示地点位置的介词at ,in, on, to,for,above, over, on ,below, under ,in front frantof, in the front of,beside,behind 2.表示时间的介词in , on,at ,in, a

31、fter ,from, since,after, behind3.表运动方向的介词:across, through4.表示“在之间”的介词:between, among5.表示其他意义的介词on ,about,by, with, in一、In介词prep.1.(表示位置在里面; 在, 于; 在部位上I could feel the tension in the room.我可以感觉到房间里的紧张气氛。They live in France.他们住在法国。2.(表示时间在时期, 在之后, 在过程中In her twenties and thirties she had had no diffic

32、ulty getting jobs.她在二三十岁时找工作一点也不困难。I cannot see you now, come back in half an hour.我现在不能见你, 半小时后回来。3.(表示方向往内, 朝方向I saw him go in the shop.我看到他走进了商店。4.(表示状态处于之中, 在情况下Martin was in his pyjamas.马丁穿着睡衣。They were living in terrible poverty.他们生活在极度贫困之中。5.(表示方式用, 以, 按, 乘, 以形式They were speaking in Italian.他

33、们在讲意大利语。They went up in the lift.他们乘电梯上楼了。6.(表示原因由于, 为了He went in fear of his life.他为自己的性命担忧, 所以走了。7.(表示领域, 范围在以内It is not in my power to do that.做那事非我力所能及。8.(表示结果当做, 作为What did you give him in return?你给他什么作为报答呢?9.(表示目的为了They set off in search of the lost child.他们出发去寻找走失的孩子。10.表示职业、活动等从事于,参加11.表示数量、

34、程度、比例按,以;从中12.表示品质、能力等在之中;在身上I don't think he had it in him.我认为他没这个本事。二、On介词prep.1.(表示位置在上, 在旁, 在身边That book on the desk is an atlas.桌上的那本书是地图册。2.(表示时间在之时It occurred on the morning of the fifteenth.事情发生在15号的上午。On arriving home, I was met by my daughter.到家时我的女儿出来迎接我。3.(表示方向向, 往, 朝; 沿着, 顺着They mar

35、ched on the enemy's fortress.他们向敌人的要塞进军。We were driving on a California freeway.我们正沿着加利福尼亚的一条快车道驾车行驶。4.(表示状态系于, 悬于; 附于A picture hangs on the wall.墙上挂着一幅画。He carried a coat on his arm.他手臂上搭着一件外衣。5.(表示方式乘, 坐, 骑She will leave on an early train.她将乘早班火车离开。We went to the factory on foot.我们步行到工厂去。6.(表示

36、对象对, 对于, 碰在, 对造成困难There is much to be said on both sides.公说公有理, 婆说婆有理。The car broke down on us.汽车抛锚给我们造成了麻烦。7.(表示原因由于, 因为The old worker retired on account of age.老工人因年老而退休。8.(表示比较与相比Today's weather is an improvement on yesterday's.今天的天气比昨天的好。9.(表示方位在方位The town stands on the left bank of the

37、river.该镇坐落在河的左岸。The post office is on the right.邮局在右边。三、Into介词prep.1.(表示时间持续到, 进行到The meeting carried on into the afternoon.会议一直延续到下午。2.(表示方向进入中, 到里Anney dived into the water.安尼潜入水中。He came into the room.他到房子里面。3.(表示状态进入状态, 欠债They burst into laughter.他们突然大笑起来。He is into me for one hundred yuan.他欠我10

38、0元。4.(表示对象撞上, 渗进, 非常喜欢He bumped into me.他撞上了我。The oil will soak into the wood.油会渗进木头里。She is into music.她喜欢音乐。5.(表示目标对着, 朝着She looked into my eyes.她盯着我的眼睛看。6.(表示结果分成, 变成He sawed the stick into pieces.他把棍子锯成几截。Dusk deepened into night.黄昏变成了夜色。She must be into her thirties by now.她一定30来岁了。7.(表示所属输入The

39、 information goes into a computer.这信息输入到电脑中。8.(表示过程从事于He talked of going into medicine.他谈到要学医。9.(表示运算 除Dividing 3 into 6 gives 2.六除以三等于二。四、To介词prep.1.(表示时间到, 直到, 在到来之前, 离The Parliament was prorogued to the tenth of February.议会休会到二月十日。2.(表示方向朝, 往, 通向He turned to his companion before he replied.他转身朝向他

40、的伙伴然后回答。3.(表示状态紧贴着, 紧靠着, 对着The two lovers danced cheek to cheek.那对情侣脸贴着脸跳舞。4.(表示对象对, 对于, 对来说What will Doris say to it?对此事多丽丝将怎么说呢?5.(表示比较比, 相对于The men are noodles to her.与她相比, 这些男人都是笨蛋。6.(表示方位在方向方位, 处于顺序Scotland is to the north of England.苏格兰在英格兰之北。7.(表示距离离, 距离It is ten kilometres to the station.到车站

41、十公里。8.(表示目标到达, 直到We came to a picturesque cottage.我们来到一座风景如画的村落。9.(表示结果转换为, 转变为, 趋于Wait until the lights change to green.等交通灯变成绿色再走。10.表示归属属于;的the key to the classroom教室的钥匙11.表示附加附加于;加于add this to the others把这个加在另外几个上面12.表示伴随跟着;伴随;随同She danced to the music.她合着音乐跳舞。13.关于;就而言;对于;依看What will he say to

42、this?对此他会说什么?14.适合;合乎;对的反应是五、Of介词prep.1.(表示时间在的, 在之前; 在期间He was born at the turn of the century.他出生于世纪之交。What do you do of a Saturday?星期六你干什么?2.(表示方式根据She did it of her own will.她是自愿这么做的。3.(表示对象对于, 就而言He felt quite certain of success.他对成功很有把握。4.(表示原因由于, 因为, (用于某些形容词后,后接与感情相关的人或事I was sick of their f

43、un and games.他们的嬉闹让我厌烦。5.(表示方位在; 位于New York is east of Washington.纽约在华盛顿以东。6.(表示范围在之中Tom is the eldest of the family.汤姆是家里年龄最大的。7.(表示结果在方面The place is easy of access.这地方容易进入。8.(表示目的用于的This is a house of prayer.这是一座教堂。9.(表示否定缺乏, 没有They were destitute of necessaries of life.他们缺少生活必需品。10.属于(某人;关于(某人11.

44、属于(某物;(某事部份的;关于(某物12.出身于(某背景;住在(某地13.关于,反映(某人或某事14.(用于表示性质、组成或涵盖即,由组成15.(用于表示计量、时间或年龄等16.(常用在some、a few 等词语之后,表示人或物的所属属于的17.(表示人或事的时空位置在,当18.(用于由动词转化的名词之后,of 之后的名词可以是受动者,也可以是施动者19.(用于某些动词后,后接动作所涉及的人或事20.(用于对某人的行为发表看法21.(用于一个名词修饰另一个名词时六、At介词prep.1.(表示位置 在, 于; 到达, 达到; 经, 由; 在旁, 靠近; 在里; 在上; 在方位He was n

45、ot at his office.他不在办公室。He was standing at the door.他正站在门边。2.(表示时间在, 在时刻时辰, 期间, 阶段, 时节; 在岁时The meeting will open at 15 00.会议在下午三点钟开始。3.(表示状态处于状态, 在情况下;处于最佳(或最差等状态;在全盛(或谷底等时期The soldiers are standing at attention.士兵们立正站着。4.(表示方式以的方式; 通过一次的动作I was there at a bound.我纵身一跃就到了那里。5.(表示原因因为, 由于; (与形容词连用因为,由

46、于,对We were frightened at the terrible sight.看到这可怕的景象, 我们被吓呆了。6.(表示距离从, 在距离处; 在远;从相隔远的地方I saw it at a distance.我从远处看见了它。7.(表示目标朝, 向, 对着He threw the key at me.他把钥匙丢给我。8.(表示环境出席, 参加I remember him at a banquet on that night.我记得那天晚上他参加了一个宴会。9.(表示方向在方面;(与形容词连用,表示状况在方面She is good at describing things or ex

47、pressing ideas.她善于描述事物或表达思想。10.(用于动词后,涉及未做成或未做完的事11.用于速度、比率等以,达12.应(而;响应;回答七、From介词prep.1.(表示时间从, 自We've been working from morning to night.我们从早到晚一直工作。2.(表示状态从某(位置、状态等开(ki始(shHe rose from office boy to managing director in ten years.他在十年间由办公室勤杂员升至总经理。3.(表示范围从较低限度算起The jackets are from 35 dollars

48、.这些夹克衫起价是35美元。4.(表示来源来自; 源于; 从里取出I come from the north.我是北方人。He took a shaving mirror from his bag.他从手提包里拿出一面剃须镜。5.(表示分离与分离隔开; 减去; 扣除The wind blew his hat from his head.风将他的帽子从头上吹走了。Six from fifteen leaves nine.15减6等于9。6.(表示否定免于; 免遭Wild fruit kept us from dying of starvation.我们靠着野果才没被饿死。7.(表示方位从; 以为

49、开始方向Latitudes are the lines that go from east to west.纬线是从东到西的线。8.(表示原因因为, 出于She told him the truth from a sense of loyalty.她告诉他真相是出于忠诚。9.(表示比较与相比; 与区分She is different from her sister in character.她和她姐姐性格不同。He can tell a fake from the original.他能分辨出赝品和真品。八、With介词prep.1.(表示关系和在一起Would you like to go

50、to the street with me?你愿和我一起上街吗?2.(表示状态具有, 带有Many exhibits with characteristics of the Chinese art are on display.许多具有中国艺术特色的展品陈列出来。3.(表示方式用, 以, 藉The room is cooled with air conditioner.这房间用空调降温。4.(表示对象对, 关于She was always good with the unfortunate.她对不幸的人总是很友好。5.(表示伴随与此同时, 随着I always rise with the be

51、ll.我总是听到铃声就起床。6.(表示让步虽然, 尽管With all his abilities, he failed completely.尽管很能干, 他还是一败涂地了。7.(表示原因由于, 因为She flushed with delight.她高兴得脸上通红。8.(表示态度支持, 赞同Is he with us or against us?他赞成我们还是反对我们?9.(表示态度跟(对抗We are struggling with backwardness.我们在和落后现象做斗争。10.与对立;反对11.包括;还有12.与方向一致;顺着13.由持有;由负责14.为工作;受雇于;利用的服

52、务15.虽然;尽管16.在旁边;在附近;在身边17.在之中;进入之中18.关于;就而言19.比较而言;与相比较20.同样;完全一样21.同意的;和谐的22.支持;站在一边九、By介词prep.1.(表示位置在近旁; 在身边; 靠近On a cold evening it is pleasant to sit by the fire.在寒冷的夜晚坐在炉火旁边很舒服。2.(表示时间不迟于; 在时候Be here by four o'clock.四点钟之前到这儿。She should be back by now.她现在应该回来了。3.(表示方向从中经过They came in by the

53、 back door.他们是由后门进来的。4.(表示方式搭乘, 通过; 抓住; 靠, 采取; 就而论; 以称呼方式; 以的名义; 凭着Are you to go there by bike or by bus?你骑车还是坐车去?You can order tickets by telephone.你可以用电话订票。He seized her by the arm.他抓住她的手臂。Man does not live by bread alone.人不能单靠面包生存。They decided to raise the money by subscription.他们决定采取募捐的办法来筹集这笔款项。By temperament he was an artist.从气质上看, 他是一位画家。They always addressed each other by their Christian name.他们总是以教名互相称呼。By God he's done it!老天为证, 他确实做了此事。I did it all by myself!我完全是靠自己做此事的。5.(表示原因随而来, 由于(置于不带the 的名词前,表示原因The meeting will be held in the school hall, by permission of the head