现在完成时讲解与练习答案

1、一、时态讲解：现在完成时(1 )构成：现在完成时由助动词 have + 过去分词构成，助 动词 have 有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用 has ,其余 用 have.现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上 not 、疑问式是把 助动词提到主语之前。以study为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单 回答形式如下：否定式疑问式I have not (havenT t) studied.Have I studiedYou have not (haven, t) studied.Have you studiedHe has not (hasn t) studied.Has he studied否定疑问式简

2、单回答(肯定/否定)Have I not (Haven t I) studiedYes, you have. No, you havenHave you not (Haven, t you) studiedYes, I have. No, I haven? t.Has he not (Hasn, t he) studiedYes, he has. No, he hasn t(2 )用法：1 ) 现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或 存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的 结果或影_OMy daughter has just gone out.我女儿刚出去。I m sure we

3、 ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。She has arr i ved. 她至U 了。2 )表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示 一段时间的状语连用，如 recent I y, a I ready, just, I ate I y, fo r, since， yet 等。如：I haven t heard from her these days. 这些 日子我 没有收到她的信。We haven? t seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。They have been away for two years.他为1 离开已经两年了。Shehas

4、 been with us sinee Monday.注意:a)s i nee 和for 的区别sinee 后接时间点，如 1993 , Iast term, yes terday, the time I got therefor 后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如ten years, a while, two days 等。Ex ere i se : 用 s i nee ,口 for 填空1. Jim has been i n I re I and Monday.2. Jill has been i n I re I and three days.3. His aunt has Iived

5、in AustraIia 15 days.4. Mary i s i n her off ice. She has been there 7 o cIock.5. India has been an i ndependent country 1974.6. The bus i s I ate. Theyve been waiting 20 minutes.7. Nobody I i ves i n those houses. They have been emptymany years.8. Mike has been iI I a long time. He has been in hosp

6、ital October.1 . s i nee 2. for 3. for 4. since 5.since 6. for 7. for 8. since2 ) 表示短暂意义的动词如 arrive, I eave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因 为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，不能说：He has come here for 2 weeks. XThe oId man has died for 4 months. XThey have I eft on Iy for 5 mi nutes. X以上三句话可以改为

7、：He has been here for 2 weeks.The old man has for 4 months.They have on Iy for 5 minutes2 ) have (has) been 和 have (has) gone的区另U :表示 “ 曾到过某地 ” 要用 “have (has) been; 表示 “ 已经去某地 ” 要用 “have （has） gone 。试比较:Where has he been他刚才到哪里去了（已经回来了）Where has he gone 他上哪儿去了（人不在）They have been to Canada . 他们到过加拿大。（

8、现在已经不在加拿大）They have gone to Canada他们到加拿大去了。（可能在路上和已经到加拿大）3 )现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用,如 yesterday,I ast year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when I came i n , 但 可以和 a I ready, yet, sometimes, a I ways, often, before,I ate I y, recent Iy, once, twice, ever, never 等连用 仍4口：She has a I ready come. 她已经来了。I h

9、aven t read i t yet.我还没读过这个。I have met him before. 我从前曾见过他。Ma Hong has a I ways been a good student.马 红一直是个好 学生。I have often seen him in the street.我经常在街上看见他。They have never been to Yan an.他们从未去过延安。I haven11 seen him I ate Iy.我近来没看到他。Irregular VerbsBase FormPast FormPastParticiplebearborebornbeatbea

10、tbeatenbecomebecamebecomeb 1 owb 1 ewb 1 ownbr i ngbroughtbroughtbuildbuiltbuiltbuyboughtboughtcatchcaughtcaughtchoosechosechosencomecamecomedod i ddonedrinkdrankdrunkdr i vedrovedr i veneatateeatenfallfel 1fallenf i ndfoundfoundflyf 1 ewf 1 owngetgotgotgivegavegivengowentgonegrowgrewgrownhavehadhad

11、hearheardheardkeepkeptkept1 eave1 eft1 eft1 oselostlostmakemademadeputputputreadreadreadrunranrunsaysaidsaidseesawseensei 1soldsoldsendsentsentsingsangsungs i nks ank/ sunksunktaketooktakenteachtaughttaughtwr i tewrotewroteam, i swasbeenarewerebeenExercise:L FiI I in the blanks with the proper form.

12、1. I a I ready (see) the film. I(see) it I astweek.2. he(finish) his work today Not yet.3. My father just(come) back from work. He i s t i rednow.4. Where? s Li Ming He(go) to the teacher s office.5. I(work) here s inee I(move) here i n 1999.6. So far I(make) quite a few fr iends here.7. How long th

13、e Wangs(stay) here Fortwo weeks.8. I just(f in i sh) my homework.9. He (go) to school on foot every day. you (find) your science book yet11. If it(be) fine tomorrow, Ill go with you.12. The students(read) Engl ish when the teacher came i n.13. Look! The monkey(c I imb) the tree.14. My mother(come) t

14、o see me next Sunday.15. I * ve Iost my pen. you (see) it anywhere1. have, seen, saw 2. Has, finished 3. has, come 4. has gone 5. have worked, moved 6. ha ve made 7. ha ve , stayed 8. have, finished 9. goes 10. have, found 11. i s 12. were read i ng 13. i s climbing 14. is coming 15. Have, seenIL Ch

15、oose the best answer.1. How I ong have you hereA. comeB. gotC.arr i vedD. been2. My grandpa died B. for 2A. at the age of my 2 yearsC. when I was 2.D. my age was 6.3. Jane hasto BeiJing She wi I I come back tomorrow.A.wentbeenB. goneC.D. never been4. It is ten yearsIast saw her.A.forafterD. thatB. s

16、 i neeC.wigo to the station to meet LorryI will. I her severaI times.A. methave metC. hadmetD. wi I I meet6. 一What a nice dress! How long ityou 一Just 2 weeks.A. will, buyB. did, buyC. are,i ngD. have, hadyou know Lyd i a very we I Ivery young.Yes, She and I fr iends since we wereA. have madeB. have

17、becomeC. haveD.have turned8. The Smiths A. has Ii vedbeenD. I i vein China for 8 years.B. I i vedC. have9.He llo, th i s i s Mr.Green speak i ng.Can Ispeak to Mr.BI ack-Sorry. He A. has been tothe Ba i n i ao ParkB. has gone toC. wenttoD. wi I I go to10. 一 you ever to the US-Yes, twice.A. Have, gone

18、B. Have, been C, Do,goD. were, goingI IL Rewrite the sentences.1. I have been to Macau before.（ 改为否定句 ）I been to Macau before.2. He hasn t come to schoo I because he was ill （ 就 划线部分提问） he come to schoo I3. I bough a new b i ke just now. （ 用 just 改 写）I just a new bike.4. We began to I earn Engl i sh

19、 three years ago.（ 改 为同义 句）We Engl ish three yearsHe has never surfed,意疑问句）6 . They have been here since 2000（改成反对划线部分提o I d manIast year.He hasfor a year, (die) (动词填空)have they been here8 . Miss Gao I eft an hour ago. (同义句转换)Miss Gao has an hour ago.A sk the questions1) I have been there for two da

20、ys. you2) My father has I i ved here s i nee 2000.3) He I eft here yesterday.heyour father4) They bought a book two hours ago.theya bookKeys: 1. How Iong have, been there 2. How Iong has, I ivedhere3. When d i d, I eave here4. When did, buyUse “ never, ever, al ready, just, yet, for, since ” to fill

21、 in the blanks.1. I have seen him before, so I have no idea about him.2. Jack has f i n i shed h i s homework.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ten years.4. “Have you seen the film” No, I have seen i t.5. “Has the bus left” “Yes, it has left. nKeys: 1. never2. just , a I ready 3. for4. ever,neve

22、r 5. yet , just / a I ready现在完成时练习题及答案一、翻译下列句子：你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗2. 我刚刚丢了我的化学书。3. 我以前从来没去过那个农场。4. 他已经吃过午饭5. 你已经看过这部电影了吗6. 我哥哥还没回来。7. 这本字典我已买了三年了。8. 他离开中国三年了。9. 我认识他们五年了。10. 他们已去了美国五年了。11. 自从他搬到济宁，他就住这儿了。12. 我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。13. 自从 1999 年以来他们就认识。14. 我来到这个学校已3年多了。二、用 since 和 for 填空yearsyears agomonth19994 o cIo

23、ck4 hourshour ago9. we were ch iIdrenIunch timeshe left here12. He has Ii ved i n Nanj i ng the year before Iast.13. I ve known him we were chi Idren.14. Our teacher has studied Japanese three years.15. She has been away from the city about ten years.16. It s about ten years she left the city.三、结束性动

24、词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短 语。 arr i ve at / in sp / get to / reach sp / come / go / move to spT be in sp / at schooI / at home / on the farm / be here / be there1)HegottoBe i j i ngminutesfor2)Imovedt 0theUSA2008.Ithes i nee3)Iwentyesterday.Ime for4) They came here last week.TheyfiveijinginUSAhomehohe

25、res i nee come to / go back to/ returnto T bebacktogo out T be out1) He came out two years2) We return to Beijingforto Beijings i nee become T be1) I became a teacher i n 2000. a teache rfor year. The r i ver2) The r i ver became d i rty I ast d i rty for c I osetbec I osedopen T be open1) The shop

26、cIosed two hours ago. The shop for .2) The door opened at s i x i n the door for six hours. get up T be up ; die - be dead ; I eave sp. T be away from sp.finish /fa I I as I eep / get tot s I eep T be as I eepend T be over ; marry T be married1) I got up two hour ss i nee2) He I eft Shangha i justSh

27、anghai for five minutes.3) My grandpa d i ed i n grandpa for4) The meeting f inished at meeting fors i x hours.5) I got to s Ieep two hours ago . I sinee6) They marr ied i n 1990.They s i nee . start / begin to do sth. T do sth. ; begin T be on1) I began to teach at th i s schoo I i n 1995. I atthi

28、s schooI s i nee .2) The fi Im began two minutes ago.The film for. borrow T keep ; I ose T nothavebuy T haveput on T wearcatch / get a cold T have a coldget to know1) They borrowed it last week.Theys i nee2) I bought a pen two hours ago.3) I got to know him Iast year.s i nee4) Iput on my glasses thr

29、ee years ago.T knowita pen himglassesforhave / has gone to - have beeninHehas gone toBeijingfor two days.join the I eague / the Party/ the armybe a I eague member /a Partymember / a soldierbe a member of the I eague/ the PartyT be in the league / the Party / the army1) He joined the I eague i n 2002

30、.He a for two years.He a the for two years.He the I eague for two years.2) My brother joined the army two years ago.My brother a for.My brother in for two years.四、划线提问1) I have been there for two days.you2) My father has I ived here s i nee 2000. your father3) He I eft here yesterday.he4) They bough

31、t a book two hours ago.they a book五、用 have (has) been 或 have (has) gone 填空。A: Where Li Fei B: He to Ha i nan I s I and.A: How Iong he thereB: He there for three days.A: When wiI I he come back , do you knowB: Im afraid he won t come back recent Iy.A: CouId you tel I me the way to Ha i nan IsI andB:

32、Sorry, I never there.A: How many times Li Fe i to that p I aceB: He there on I y once.六、用 have / has been to / i n, have gone to 及 go 的各 种形式填空。1) Where i s Jack He h i s country.2) David the park just now.3)JohnEngland sinee he came back.4)Howlongtheythis viI I age5)TheSmithsBeijingfor years.6)you e

33、verAmer i cathere many times.7)th i s schooI s i neethree yearsago.8)Where is Jim Hethefarm.9)WhenheHean hourago.10) WouId youIi ke toto the zoowith me Yes, but11)13)14)1.2.thereWhereHe oftenyoubefore.younowswimming.they oftento the zoo.there last yearskating in winter用 never, ever, a I ready, just,

34、 yet, for, s i nee 填空I haveJack hasseen him before, so I have no idea about him.fi n i shed h i s homework.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ten years.4. “Have you seen the film” “No, I have.， seen it.5. “Has the bus left” “Yes, it has left. v八.用适当的时态填空：s(I i ve) here ever s inee she was ten.of

35、them (be) i n Hongkong for ten days.of them (come) to Hongkong ten days ago.4. Ha I f an hour (pass) s i nee the tra i n(I eave).5. Mary(Iose) her pen.you (see) it here and there6. you(find) your watch yet7. Are you thi rstyNo I just(have)some orange.8. Wea I ready (return) the book.9. they (bui Id)

36、 a new schooI i n the v i I I age10. I(not f i ni sh) my homework . Can you he I p me11. My father (read) the noveI twice.12. I (buy) a book just now.13. I(lost ) my watch yesterday.14. My father(read) th i s book s i nee yesterday.现在完成时态练习题答案一.翻译下列句子：Have you ever had / eaten fi sh and ch i psI hav

37、e just Iost my chemistry book.I have never been to the farm before.He has had I unchHe has a I ready had I uncha I ready.Have you seen the mov i e yetMy brother hasnt come /get / been backyetMy brother hasn t returned yet.7.I have had this dictionary for three years /sinee three years ago.8. Has bee

38、n away from China for three years.9. I have known them for five years.10. They have been in the USA for five years.11. He has been here s i nee he moved to J i n i ng.12. My s i ster has been a co I I ege student for three years二 My s i ster has been i n co I Iege for three years.13. They have known

39、 each other s inee 1999.14. I have been i n th is schooI for over three years.、用 since 或者 for 填空1. fors i nee2. s i nee5. s i nee3. s i nee4.6.since7.fors i nee10.s i nee13. s i nee16. s i nee三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短 1. has been in , five minutes2. have been i n , 20083. have been at, two days

40、4. have been , Iast week 1. have been out, two years2. have been back , yesterday 1. have been , nine years2. has been , two years1. has been cIosed , two hours2. has been open1. have been up , two hours ago2. has been away from4. has been over5. have been as Ieep , two hours ago6. have been marr ied , 19901. have taught , 19952. has been on , two minutes 1. have k