必修一限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

1、定语从句(一)一 形容词作定语与从句作定语作比较。I don ' like lazy people.I don ' like people who is lazy.二先行词与关系代词1.1 don 'like people who never keep their work.2.1 like guys who are n ' serious and who have a good sense of humor.3. He said that he had no time, which isn ' true.被定语从句修饰的对象称为先行词重复指代先行词、起

2、连接主句和从句的作用，并且在定语从句中充当一定成分的连接 词称为关系词The ruler of an kin gdom warned that any man that did not tell the truth would be puni shed .三.关系词在从句中充当的成分1. 用作主语(注：定语从句一般要紧跟在它所修饰的名词后面；定语从句中的谓语动词形式是由 关系词所指代的先行词来决定的。)The woma n who lives n ext door is a famous dan cer.(The woma n is a famous dancer and she lives

3、n ext door.)2.1 like guys and they have a good sense of humor.3. An ger is a thief who steals away the nice mome nts.4. There is this differe nee betwee n happ in ess and wisdom: the pers on who thinks himself the happiest man really is so, but the pers on who thi nks himself the wisest is gen erall

4、y the greatest fool.5.1 ' talk ing about frie nds about who care deeply about each other, who support each other, who make life worth livi ng.2. 用作动词的宾语1.1' d really like to find a friend and I can trust him completely.I'd rally like to find a frie nd who I can trust (him?) completely.2.

5、lt 'hard to have a friend and you can trust him completely.3. He is the best teacher who I have n ever see n.4. He is the student who teacher likes to praise for his hard work.3. 作从句中介词的宾语1.1' talk ing about frie nds and you can share almost everythi ng with them.I'm talk ing about frie

6、nds who you can share almost everythi ng ( with them).2.1 hope I n ever have a boss and I can talk to him about my problems.3.1 'prefer some one who I have sth. in com mon with- who I can talk ( ) easily.4.1 like the people who I work ().(作宾语的关系词可以省去)三.关系代词与先行词的搭配关系(一).关系代词： who, whom which, tha

7、t禾口 whose1. 指“人"关系代词 who和whom的区别(1) who的前面不能与介词搭配使用The engin eer with (who; whom) my father works is about 50 years old.(2 ) whom 在定语从句不能做主语，但可作宾语或表语。A rich people is one (who. whom) has the most. but is one (who, whom) n eeds the least.2. 表示人或物的所有关系，用whose“whose+ n. ”在从句中可作主语，动词的宾语或者介词的宾语 I kn

8、ow a frie nd . His brother is a pop sin ger.I know a frie nd whose brother is a pop sin ger.(2) These childre n sit in a schoolroom , its win dows are all broke n.(3) When I looked through the window, I saw a girl whose beauty took my breath away.(4) It was a meeting whose importance I did not reali

9、ze at the time.We are study ing sentence . They con tai n abjective clauses.We are study ing sentence which con tai n abjective clauses.(2) A nger is a wind which blows out the lamp of the mind.(3) Perhaps it is human to appreciate little that which we have and to longfor that which we have not.(或许，

10、"不惜已获，贪求不得"是人类共同的弱点吧)(4) He likes climbing mountains, which is a good exercise.(5) Tom was late ,which surprised me.(which除了可以指代单个的名词外，还可以指代短语或者句子)4. that可指代"人"，也可指代“物"，that可替换who或which不能用that的情况1. that不用于非限制性定语从句中2. that不能用于介词的后面(和 who 一样)Too many people spe nd money which

11、they have n'ear ned , to buy thingswhich they don ' wa nt, to impress people who they don'like.最好用that的情况，共参考1. 当先行词同时出现“人”，和“物”时 ，用that.2. 先行词为指"物"的 all, little, few , much, none 和 the first 时，用 that.All that glitters is not gold.This book contains little that is useful.There

12、is not much that can be done.As long as you sta nd up to the difficulties, there are none that cannot be overcome.3. 先行词是不定代词 something, anything, nothing,禾口 everything 时，一般用 that.4. 先行词被 any , only ,all, every , no, some, much, few, little , 序数词，形容词的最高 级，the only ,the one, the very ,the right, the

13、last 等成分修饰时，用 that.Tell us all t hings that you knowThere is no difficulties that they can 'overcome.He is the only man that can speak four Ian guages in our compa ny.四，关系副词的用法1. when的用法day，when可以引导限制性和非限制性定语从句，其先行词须是表示时间的名词，如year，time 等。(1) 先行词指时间I 'never forget the time when I met you.The

14、day whe n we stop lear ning is the day whe n we die.My favourite seas on is spri ng, whe n the earth seems born aga in.(2) 关系副词when在从句中作时间状语I 'never forget the time which I spent in my college.I 'never forget the day when we first met in the park.The day,(which. when) began brightly, ended with a violent storm.2. where的用法(1) where指地点This is the tow n where I spe nt my childhood.Do you know any place where I can buy a new bike?(2) 关系副词where在从句中地点状语This is the tow n where I spe nt my childhood.This is the tow n which I told you about before.I ve never been to Beijing, but i