(完整word版)一般过去时用法及结构

1、一般过去时的用法及结构1. 一般过去时的基本用法一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如 yesterday, last week, last night, in 2003, two days ago 等。【举例】I got up at 6:30 yesterday. 我昨天6:30起床。My father was very busy last week. 我父亲上周很忙。2. 一般过去时的基本结构肯定句"主语+动词过去式+其他"或者"主语+was/were +其他”。【举例】I playe

2、d tennis last weekend.我上周末打网球了。My school trip was great. 我的学校郊游棒极了。否定句"主语+ didn' t +动词原形+其他"或"主语+wasn' t/weren' t +其他”。【举例】 The girl didn ' t play computer games yesterday afternoon.这个女孩昨天下午没玩电子游戏。Old Henry wasn ' t happy last Friday.上星期五老亨利不高兴。一般疑问句“ Did +主语+动词原形+

3、其他？”肯定回答为“ Yes,主语+ did”，否定回答为"No,主语+ didn' t"或者"Was/Were +主语+其他？”肯定回答为"Yes,主语+ was/were",否定回答为"No,主语+ wasn' t/weren' t"。【举例】一Did you go to the beach? 你们去海滩了吗？Yes, we did./No, we didn ' t.是的，我们去了。/不，我们没有。-Was your weekend OK? 你的周末过得还行吧？一Yes, it was./

4、No, it wasn' t.是的，还行。/不，不行。特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句（顺序）？【举例】一 What did Li Lei do last weekend? 李雷上周末干什么了？-He visited his grandparents.他去看了 他的祖父母。一Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪儿？-I was at home. 我在家里。为了便于记忆行为动词（实义动词）的一般过去时用法及结构，我们可用以下歌诀来帮助记忆：动词一般过去时，表示过去发生事。谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志。否定形式很简单，主语之后didn' t添。谓语动

5、词要还原。疑问构成有规则，主语前面加did。过去式的构成be动词和实义动词过去式的构成：系动词be的过去式有两种形式：was和were。其中was是 am 和is的过去式， were是 are的过去式。规则动词过去式的构成：一般在动词末尾加一 edo【举例】walk fwalked playfplayed以不发音e结尾的动词末尾只加一 d。【举例】love floved decidefdecided结尾是"辅音字母+ y ”的动词。先将y变为i,再加一ed。【举例】studyfstudied carry fcarried末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写该辅音字母，再加一ed。

6、【举例】stop-stopped planfplanned规则动词的过去式构成方法可用以下口诀来记忆：过去式构成有规律，一般词尾加一ed如果词尾有个e （不发音的），只需直接加上一d。“辅音字母+ y ”在词尾，变y为i加一ed。“一辅重闭”作尾巴，双写之后加一ed。随堂练习：一.写出下列动词的过去式。1.am/ is 2.do 3.go 4.have5.isn' t 6. aren' t 7.spend 8.cook9.read 10.clean ll.live 12.study二.用适当的词完成下列对话。1 . How was your weekend? - It grea

7、t.-Whatyoulast weekend ? - Isome homework.2._-Whatshelast weekend? Sheto the beach.3.一-What they do last weekend? Theyto the movies.三.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。1. We(enjoy) ourselves at the party last night.2 .Jack(study) for the English test last Sunday.3 .you(go) to the Great Wall last year?4 . What day(be)

8、it yesterday?5 .The old man(be)ill and went to see a doctor.6 .We(have) a party last night.7 .We(visit) the museum and went home.8 . How(be) the students? They were very friendly.9 .He often(have) supper at home. Today he(have) supper at school.10 .We had great fun(play) in the water.11 .That made m

9、e(feel) very happy.12 .he(have) lunch at nine? No, he didn' t.13 .They(buy) a guitar yesterday.四.句型转换。1. He came here last month.(改为否定句 )He here last month.1.1. hey played football this morning.(改为一般疑问句并作简略回答)一 they football this morning? Yes, they./No, they.3 .They went to Beijing last year.(就划

10、线部分提问)they last year.4 .Tom watched TV last night.(改为一般疑问句) Tom TV last night?5 .Mary does homework every day.(用 last night 改写句子)Mary.般现在时的用法与结构1、一般现在时的定义及构成一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作。（1） be（am,is,are）动词：（作谓语动词时）肯定句：主语+be动词（am,is,are）+其它。如： I am a student.（主语+be动词+名词）They are hungry.（主语+be动词+形容

11、词）He is out.（主语+be动词+副词）That pen is mine.（主语+be动词+代词）I am fifteen.（主语+be动词+数词）The bike is under the tree.（主语+be动词+介词短语）运用am,is,are写三个句子否定句：主语 + be（am,is,are） + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。运用 am,is,are写三个句子一般疑问句：Be（am,is,are） +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 运用 am,is

12、,are 写三个句子特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike? 运用am,is,are写三个句子特殊疑问句：疑问词（what, where, who, when, which, whose, how, how many, how much, what shape,what colour,）,找句子中有没有 be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词或者助动词（特殊疑问句：疑问词+be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词或者助动词+其他？）（2）行为动词：主语+行为动词+ （其它）。（作谓语动词时）1）主语不是第三人称单数时，肯定句为：主语+动词原形+其它否定式

13、为：主语+don't+动词原形+其它疑问句为：Do+主语+动词原形+其它？e.g. We speak Chinese. Do you speak Chinese? -Yes, I do. / No, I don't. They don't speak Chinese.写三个句子2）当主语是第三人称单数时：（he,she,it,A/An,单独的人或事物：Lily/book）肯定句为：主语+动词（词尾加s或es） +其它。否定式为：主语+doesn't+动词原形+其它.疑问句式：Does+主语+动词原形+其它？ He speaks English. He doesn

14、't speaks English.-Does she go to work by bike? Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.写三个句子特殊疑问句：疑问词 +一般疑问句。如： How does your father go to work?3）动词+s的变化规则（1） 一般情况下，直接加-s,如：cook-cooks, milk-milks（2）以 s. x. sh. ch. o 结尾，力口 -es, 如： guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes（3）以"辅音字母+y&q

15、uot;结尾，变y为i,再加-es,如：study-studies（3）情态动词（作谓语动词时 ）（can,could,be able to,may,might,must,have to,need,shall,should, will,would）时，句子结构为：肯定句：主语+情态动词+动词原形。否定句：主语+情态动词+not+动词原形 一般疑问句。情态动词 +主语+动词原形+其他？特殊疑问句：疑问词+情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他？Eg: He can speak English. Can I help you? What can I do for you?在实际应用中，一般现在时常与以下时

16、间状语联用：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month )， once a week, on Sundays例句： He usually plays football on Sundays.一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数talk forget hope stop perform play saybuy worry fly study like make take_love recite become come drive二、句型转换1. The children have a good time in the

17、park.否定句：一般疑问句：对划线部分提问：2. There is about nine hundred people at the concert.否定句：一般疑问句：对划线部分提问：3. Ann does her homework yesterday evening.否定句：一般疑问句：对划线部分提问：4. I read an English book.否定句：一般疑问句：肯定/否定回答：对划线部分提问：5. My brother is in the park just now.否定句：一般疑问句：对划线部分提问：一般现在时第三人称单数句型转换练习1. I go to school be

18、fore 7:00 in the morning.(he )2. I always go shopping with my mum on Sunday.(she )3.I sometimes play computer games after school on Sunday.(he )4. I always take exercise after class on Monday.(my mother )一般过去时详细讲解与练习题一、巧记一般过去时：动词一般过去时，表示过去发生的事；be用was或用were, have,has变had;谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志；一般动词加-ed,若是特殊

19、得硬记。否定句很简单，主语之后didn' t添；疑问句也不难，did放在主语前；不含be动词时如果谓语之前有did,谓语动词需还原；动词若是 was,were,否定就把not添。 含be动词时疑问句也不又t,要把 was, were放在主语前。二、be的一般过去时：学习动词be的一般过去时，下面有一口诀，它可以帮你们更好地掌握动词be的一般过去时。be的过去时有四巧：一是时间状语巧，表示过去的短语要记牢；二是形式巧，单数 was,复数were;三巧是否定句结构，not紧跟was/ were;四是疑问句式巧，was/were向前跑(提前)。【一巧】时间状语(即标志词)巧。一般过去时表示过

20、去发生的动作或存在的状态，恰巧与表示过去的一些时间状语连用。1 . yesterday 或以其构成的短语：yesterday morning(afternoon, evening)等；2 .由“last+-时间名词”构成的短语： last night, last year (winter, month, week)等；3 .由 “时间段 +ago” 构成的短语： a moment ago, a short time ago, an hour ago 等；4 .其它：just now 等5 .由某些表示过去时态的从句等。【二巧】形式巧。它与一般现在时一样，形式多样：当主语是第一人称单数或第三人称

21、单数时，谓语动词用was;主语是第二人称或其他人称复数时，谓语动词用were。例如：I was in the classroom yesterday morning . 昨天早上我在教室里。He was at school last Tuesday. 上周二他在学校。They were over there a moment ago . 刚才他们在刃B边。【三巧】否定句结构巧。与动词be的一般现在时一样，它在动词后面加not即可变成否定 句，并且was, were与not可以缩写成wasn't, weren't o即： 主语 + wasn't/ weren't

22、+ 表语 + 其他。例如：I was not ( = wasn't) here yesterday. 昨天我不在这儿。My parents were not ( = weren't) at home last Sunday . 上周日我父母不在家。【四巧】疑问句式巧。把was, were提到句首，句末用问号即可变为一般疑问句。即： Was(Were) +主语+表语+其他？这恰巧与动词be的一般现在时的疑问句式相似。例如： Were you at home the day before yesterday ? 前天你在家吗？Was she late this morning ?今

23、天早上她迟到了吗？更巧的是疑问句的答语也相似，肯定回答用“ Yes,主语+ was/were.”；否定回答用“No,主语+ wasn't/weren't."。例如：一Were Wei Hua and Han Mei here just now ?刚才魏华和韩梅在这儿吗？Yes, they were. (No, they weren't.)是的，她们在。(不，她们不在。)一、单项选择：从下列各题后所给的四个选项中选择最佳答案填空。(10)()1. My father ill yesterday .A. isn't B. aren't C. was

24、n't D. weren't()2 . your parents at home last week ?A. Is B. Was C. Are D. Were()3. The twins in Dalian last year.They here now.A. are。were B. were。are C. was。are D. were。was()4. your father at work the day yesterday(前天)？A. Was。before B. Is。before C. Was。after D. Is。after()5 . Who was on dut

25、y last Friday ?A . I am B . I was C . Yes, I was D. No, I wasn't()6. I cleaned my classroom.A with three hours B three hours ago C in three hours D three hours before ()7. I came my house two days ago .A back on B back to C to back D back ()8 . ? He did some reading at home.A What does your fath

26、er do yesterday evening B What does your brother do in the schoolC What did your brother do over the weekend D Where did your brother go last Sunday()9. What did you do? I went to the movies.A next morning Bover the weekend C in the weekend D next Monday()10. The koala sleeps, but gets up.A during t

27、he day。 at the eveningB at day during nightC in the day during the eveningD during the day 。 at night二、请用正确动词形式填空。(10)1. I2.(have) an exciting party last weekend.she(practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she3. WhatTom(do) on Saturday evening?He_(watch) TV and(read) an interesting book.4. They all _(go

28、) to the mountains yesterday morning.5.She(not visit) her aunt last weekend.She(stay) at home and(do) some cleaning.6. When 一you(write) this song? I(write) it last year.7 .My friend, Carol,（study） for the math test and（practice） English last night.8 .Mr. Li（do） the project on Monday morning? Yes, he

29、.9 . How（be） Jim's weekend? It（be not） bad.10 .（be） your mother a sales assistant last year? No. she.三、翻译下列句子（20）1 .我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。Iexciting weekend.2 . Jenny喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本英语书。Jenny likes. She an English book last night.3 . Emma每天都看电视。可是昨天他没有看。Emma TV every day. But he yesterday.4 .上周六他们做什么了？他们做作业

30、和购物了。What they Saturday?They homework and.5 .今天早上方方得做饭，因为他父亲不在家。This morning Fangfangbecause his father yesterday.6 .你还有什么要说的?What would you like?7 .放学另U忘了 向老说声再见。Don， t forgetthe teacher.8 .为什么你昨晚没有看电视？Why you TV last night?9 .他在打扫教室的时候，发现地上有块表。When he the classroom, he a watch on the ground.10 .他什

31、么时候出生的？ 1980年。-When he? -1980.四、改写句子：（20）1、Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句）Lucy her homework at home.2、He found some meat in the fridge （冰箱）.（变一般疑问句） he meat in the fridge?3、There was some orange in the cup.（变一般疑问句 ） there orange in the cup?4. Frank read an interesting book about history.（一般疑问句）

32、 Frank an interesting book about history?5. Why not go out for a walk?（同义句） out for a walk?6. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book.（否定句）Thomas RMB 10 on this book.7. My family went to the beach last week.（划线提问） family last week?8. I think she is Lily ' s sister.（否定句。注意否定转移）9. Sally often does some r

33、eading in the morning.（否定句）Sally often some reading in the morning.10. He is a tall, thin boy.（划线提问）he?五、改错题(20)1. How is Jane yesterday?2. He go to school by bus last week.3. He often goes home at 6:00 last month.4. I can fly kites seven years ago.5. Did you saw him just now.6. Tom wasn' t watc

34、h TV last night.7. I didn ' t my homework yesterday.8. He wait for you three hours ago.9. Who find it just now ?10.What make him cry (哭)just now?六、完形填空(10)Tom did not like doing his homework,because he liked to do some 1_ things after school. And his teacher always 2 _ a lot of mistakes in h is

35、homework .Then one day, his maths teacher 3 at Tom' s homework and saw that he got all his answersright . He was very 4 _ and surprised ( 惊 奇). The next morning before class , he called Tom 5 _his desk and 6 _to him , “You got all your homework right this time. Did your father help you ? ” Somet

36、imes Tom' s father helped him with his homework , 7_ this time he didn ' t help Tom because he 8 at home . So Tom answered ," NO ,Sir. He Was busy last night, so I 9 _ to do it 10 _.”()1. A. others B. another C. the other D. other()2. A. made B. found C . looked at D . looked()3. A. laughed B. knocked C . looked D . saw()4. A. please B