(已打印,共6页)现在完成时讲解及练习综述

1、i现在完成时解析及练习一、 定义:1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。2.表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。二、 纟吉构：肯定形式:have/has + done （即：现在分词）否定形式： have/has + not +done一般疑问句：把 have 或 has 放于句首标志词:already（已经）,yet（还没），never（从不）,ever（曾经），before（之前）, just（刚才）,since+寸间点，for+时间段，so far （目前为止），up to now （至 U现在为止），these days（这些天），once（次），twice（两次），

2、three times（三次），等表示重复次数的词语其中，以下标志词用法特别，要加以区分1. aiready 常用于肯定句，用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气；。2. yet 用于否定句和疑问句，否定句表示“还（没）”疑问句表示“己经”女口： I haven had breakfast_yet.我还没吃早餐呢。Have you_ had breakfast yet?你已经吃早餐了吗？3. never 是否定词，表示 从来没有”，而 ever 表示 曾经”女口： We have never been to the Great Wall.我们从来没有去过长城。Have you_ ever been t

3、o Canada?你们曾经去过加拿大吗？4. just 表示刚刚”（与 already, never 等副词的位置一样，多用在助动词 have/has 和 动词过去分词之间）如：He has just come back.他刚刚回来。They have just finished the work.他们刚刚完成那项工作对于初接触现在完成时的人来说， 往往会产生一种茫然， 因为它似乎与一般过去时相似 那就是，这两种时态描述的动作都始于过去。其实不然，现在完成时主要表示，发生在过 的动作延续到现在刚刚完成、或许还要延续；侧重于这个动作对现在带来的结果、产生的 响、积累的总和等等。而一般过去时则只不

4、过是表示动作发生在过去的什么时候。弄清了 一区别，就很容易理解现在完成时了。四、现在完成时的用法1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。a） - It so dark.-Someone has turned off the light.有人刚把灯关了，对现在造成的结果是：现在很黑）b） - Are you free?-I have finished my homework. I am free.（我已经完成了家庭作业，对现在造成的结 果ii是很有空）32. 表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态，常与 since +过去的时间点，for +时间 段，so far（到目前为止）等时间

5、状语连用。女口： I have learnt English for more than ten years 我已经学了 10 多年的英语。（从 10 年前开始，持续到现在还在学）She has swum si nee half an hour ag 她已经游泳了半个小时 （半个小时前已经开始游泳，到现在还在游）3. 表示人曾有过或到目前为止从未有过的经 .女口： I have ever been to the Summer Palace?我曾去过颐和园）I have n ever had a car 我从未有过汽车。）4. 区别：|have beentO, have gonetO, have

6、 beeninhave been to 表示去过某个地方，现在已经回来了have gone to 表示去了，但还没有回来，也许是在去的途中have been in 指的是在某个地方，从过去一直延续到现在5. 表示短暂性动作的词，女口 :come, go, die 不能直接用于完成时中，而是需要转换成 延续性动词才能使用。女口：他已经死了十年了。不能说成： He has died for ten yearsx正确表达是： He has been dead for ten yearsv7简而言之，想学好现在完成时，必须记住1、 现在完成时构成：have/has + do ne2、当句中有 neve

7、r, ever, just, already, yet, before 等时，常用现在完成时。3、当句中有for +段时间或sinee +点时间等时，主句常用现在完成时， 谓语动词必须是延续性动词，若是非延续性动词，要改为延续性动词。由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换: go out 夕卜出fbe outdie 死fbe dead arrive 至U达fbe here begin(start)开始fbe oncome back 回来fbe back leave离开fbe away fall ill(sick,asleep)生病 / 入睡fbe ill(sick,asleep) get up 起床

8、fbe upfinish 完成fbe over put on 穿fwear 或 be on open 打开fbe openjoin 力口入fbe in或 be a member of close 关门fbe closed go to schoo去上学fbe a student borrow 借fkeep buy 买fhave4现在完成时练习一、句型转换1、My father has been to the Great Wall before.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯定回答：_定回答：_就划线部分提问：_2、I have already finished doing my homework.否

9、定句：_一般疑问句：_肯定回答：_定回答：_就划线部分提问：_、句型转换1.1 have been to Macau before.改为否定句）bee n to Macau before.2. He hasnt come to sclboolause he was ill.就划线部分提问）_ he come to school?3. I bough a new bike just now.用just改写）I_ just_a new bike.4. We began to learn English three years ago改为同义句）We_En glish_three years5. M

10、iss Gao left an hour ago.（同义句转换）Miss Gao has_an hour ago.6. They have been here since 2000.（对划线部分提问）_have they bee n here?7. The old man_ last year. He has_for a year. （die动词填空）三、用 has been to， has been in,及 have gone to 填空。1. -Where is Jack? -He_his country.2. David_ the park just now.3. The Smiths

11、_ Beiji ng for twoyears.4. Have you ever bee n to America? - Yes, I_ there many times.55. I_ this school since three years ago.6. Where ism? He_the farm.6四、用 never, ever, already, just, yet, for, sinc 填空1.1 have_ see n him before, so I have no idea about him.2. Jack has_ fini shed his homework.3. Mr

12、. Wang has taught in this school_ ten years.4.“Have you_see n the film?”“No, I have()1.Whe n he arrived at the bus stop, the bus_for20 minu tes.A. has leftB. had leftC. has bee n away D. had bee n away()2. I_ the music club for 5 years so far.A. jo inedB. have joinedC. have bee n in()3.The factory_

13、si nee the February of 1988.A . has bee n ope n B. has ope ned C. was ope nD. ope ned()4.Mary and Rose_ friends since they met in 2000.A. have made B. have bee nC. made()5.You mustnt_ until he comes back.A. be awayB. leaveC. be left()6.The meet ing_ for a week now.A. has fini shed B. has en dedC. ha

14、s bee n over()7.Miss Gao_this school for n early 5 years.A. has bee n inB. has come to C. has taught()8.Ben_ a teacher for 4 years.A. has bee nB. has become C. wasD. became()9. I_ home for a week.A. have retur nedB. have bee n back C. retur ned()10. How long_ he_?A. diedB. has, diedC. has, bee n dea

15、d()11. He_ at eight yesterday after noon.A. sleptB. was sleep ingC. has sleepD. had slept()12.He_ the car for a week.A. boughtB. has boughtC. has had()13.-How long_you_ill ?-Two weeks.A. did fallB. have, fellC. have, been()14.Si nee 2000, he_ his hometow n.A. has left B. has moved away C. has bee n

16、away from()15.1 ll le nd you the book , but you can only_ it for 2 days.A. borrow B. keepC. take5.“Has the busleft五、典型例题_ ?“Yes, it has_ left.seD. have become7bee n to Shan ghai, has he ?Xiao Li since she was a little girl .8、Harry Potter is a very nice film. I9、These farmers have bee nto the Un ite

17、d States .12、Do you know her well?friends since ten years ago.About seve n years.A. beenB.goneC. comeA. knowB. had knownC. have knownD. knewA. will see B. have see nC. sawD. see14、Hurry up! The programfor five minu tes .A. has beg unB. had beg unC. has bee n onD. began六、单选1、Both his parents look sad

18、. Maybe theywhats happe ned to him.A. knewB. have known C. must knowD. will know2、He hasA. already B. n everC. everD. still3、Have you met Mr LiA. justB. agoC. beforeD. a mome nt ago4、The famous writerone new book in the past two year .A. is writ ingB. was writi ngC. wroteD. has written5、一Our country

19、a lot so far .Yes. I hope it will be eve nA. has cha nged; well B. cha nged; good C. has cha nged; better D. cha nged; better6、Zhao Lanalreadyin this school for two years .A. was; study ingB. will; studyC. has; studiedD. are; study ing7、Weit twice.Really? Whenthere?A. will they go B. did they go C.

20、do they goD. have they gone10、you_ your homework yet?Yes. Iit a mome nt ago.A.Did; do; fini shedB.Have; done; finishedC.Have; done; havefinishedD.will; do; finish11、His fatherthe club si nee 1988.A. joinedB. has joined C. was inD. has bee n inSure .WeA. wereB. have beenC. have becomeD. have made13、H

21、ow long have youhere?D. arrived8()15、It_ten years since he came Chengdu.A. isB. hasC. willD. was()16、Miss Green isnt in the office. She_ to the library.A. has gone B. wentC. will goD. has bee n()17、My parents_Shandong for ten years .A. have bee n in B. have bee n to C. have gone to D. have bee n()18、He_ for 2 hours.A. got upB. has got up C. has bee n up()19、Tom is ill in hospital. He_ a cold for several days.A. isB. catchesC. has caughtD. has had()20、His grandparents_ for more than 9 years.A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has left th