土建英语词汇

1、土建英语词汇2. 土 建 部 分总图专业常用词汇words concerning general plan厂区factory area生活区living area停车场parking yard车库garage自行车棚bicycle shed大门gate门房gate house围墙enclosure wall围栏fence建筑红线property line办公楼office building科研楼research building食堂canteen水泵房water pump station车间workshop成品库finished product store旗杆flag pole广场square

2、绿化带greenbelt喷泉fountain雕塑sculpture花园garden道路road桥bridge公路highway铁路railway弯道turn建筑面积building area建筑占地面积area occupied by building空地spare space十字路口cross零点线zero line斜坡slope挖方excavation老土natural soil原土original soil换土earth shift室外管道outdoor pipeline室外管沟outdoor trench雨水明沟rainwater channel排洪沟flood trench下水道se

3、wer下水道检查井sewer manhole明沟open channel热力管沟heating trench草坪lawn树木，乔木tree灌木shrub花坛flower bed防火距离fire protection distance抗（地）震aseismatic抗振动anti-vibration防振动vibration-proof防爆explosion proof防酸acid-proof防尘dust-proof经济专业有关词汇words concerning economy概算budgetary estimate预算budget决算final accounts估算estimation估价cos

4、t estimate价、费、成本cost价格price成本核算cost keeping投资investment投资费、基建费capital cost工程费construction cost安装费cost of installation不可预见费unpredicted cost额外费用extra cost设备费cost of equipment单价unit price出厂价格factory price市场价格market price运费freight关税customs duty兑换率foreign exchange人民币rate of exchange外汇人民币(rmb)外汇兑换卷foreign

5、 exchange certificate美元. dollar日元japanese yen港元hongkong dollar英镑pound sterling西德马克dm法国法郎瑞士法郎.荷兰盾卢布ruble总图site plan基址图site plot总体规划图master plan位置图location map发展规划图development planning长远规划图long-term planning总平面图及竖向布置图site plan and vertical arrangement土方工程图earth-work drawing土方累计图mass diagram土方累计曲线mass

6、curve围墙结构构造图structural construction chart of fence wall道路结构构造图structural construction chart of road道路纵剖面图road profile道路横剖面图cross section of road室外管线平面图outdoor pipeline plan道路和堆放场构造图construction of road and storage yard工厂组成表factory composition table工厂区划图factory blocking地形图topographical map工厂区，工业区indu

7、strial district工业发展区industrial development area生活区residential area, living area商业区commercial area厂区面积site area建筑面积floor area建筑占地面积built-up area铺砌面积paving area使用面积usable floor area有效面积effective floor space建筑总面积total floor area建筑各层面积floor space of each story容积率building volume ratio利用系数，利用率utilization

8、factor方位，朝向orientation结构面积structural area通道面积passage area道路及广场面积area of roads and plaza建筑系数building occupation coefficient绿化系数landscaping factor建筑密度building density城市规划city planning住宅区方案residential district planning住宅小区living quarters总建筑基地面积gross site area人行道pedestrian-way行车道traffic line露天堆放场storage

9、 yard街道交叉处的转盘道turnaround停车区parking area停车道parking lane围墙fence wall钢丝网围墙wire-net fence绿化地带green belt草坪lawn花坛flower bed旗杆座flag-pole stand预留发展地space for furture extension边线，界线border line建筑红线red line安全距离sfety distance防火间隔fire break纵坐标ordinate横坐标abscissa基准点datum mark水准基点bench mark地区水准点regional bench mark

10、标高level相对标高relative elevation设计标高designed elevation室外地面标高elevation of ground室外道路标高road level室外散水标高outdoor water discharge level室内地坪标高elevation of indoor grade绝对标高absolute altitude等高线contour line道路纵剖面profile of road道路横剖面cross section of road道路交叉点标高elevation of road intersection高差elevation difference土

11、方earth work土方工程量volume of earthwork土方平衡表earthwork balance sheet填土高度height of filling余土surplus earth缺土earth to回填backfill洼地depression坡度inclination坡道ramp阶梯地面terraced ground中整场地site leveling运土transported soil砂石移运detritus transport人工填土artificial fill台阶式挖土法bench method台阶式挖掘bench excavation平衡挖填balance of c

12、uts and fills借土挖方borrow cut借土填方borrow fill超挖overbreak超填overfill挡土板lagging挡墙，板桩bulkhead原状土样undisturbed soil sample重塑土样remolded sample爆破工程explosion work管道pipeline架空管道overhead piping地下管道underground piping管道系统piping system埋管深度pipe laying depth城市给水city water supply热力管道heating pipe line工艺管道process pipe li

13、ne氧气管道oxygen pipe line雨水明沟rainwater channel下水道sewer下水道检查井sewer manhole明沟ditch, open drain涵洞culvert边沟gutter截流井catch basin给水井feed well集水井collecting well室外管沟outdoor trench排洪沟flood trench建筑architecture建筑工程说明general notes建筑草图architectural sketch建筑透视图perspective室内装修表room finish schedule建筑阴影 （投影）图architect

14、ural shades and shadows建筑渲染图architectural rendering1号建筑一层平面布置图fist floor plan, building 屋面平面图roof plan1号建筑立面图elevation, building 1号建筑剖面图section, building a-a剖面图section a-a门厅吊顶平面图entrance hall suspend ceiling plan铝合金门窗，幕墙图drawing of aluminium door, window and glazing curtain wall1号建筑一层吊顶平面图suspended

15、ceiling plan, first wall一层吊顶平面图suspended ceiling plan电梯井道平面放大图enlarged plan of elevator shaft楼梯平面图stair plan砖墙节点详图brick wall joint detail统一建筑详图uniform architectural details建筑构件表list of architectural components1号建筑节点详图joint detail, building 办公大楼office building装配大楼assembly building配变电站substation, tran

16、sformer station冷冻站chiller station纯水站pure water station去离子水站deionized water station动力站utility station乙炔发生站acetylene generation station压缩空气站compressor station配气站gas distribution station煤气发生站gas generation station热力站heat energy station液化厂油气站liquefied petroleum gas station氧气站oxygen氮氧站nitrogen-oxygen sta

17、tion冷却塔cooling tower微波站microwave station洗涤塔scrubber污水处理站sewage treatment station氢氧发生站hydrogen and oxygen station锅炉房boiler house热交换站heat exchanger station走廊corridor外廊open corridor门廊porch净化走道purified corridor参观走道viewing corridor服务走道service corridor缓冲走道buffer corridor门厅entrance hall前厅lobby出口exit入口entra

18、nce雇员入口employee entrance行政人员入口staff entrance办公室office开敞式办公室open office行政办公室administration office经理办公室manager office秘书办公室secretary office助理办公室assistant office人事办公室personnel office财务办公室financial office会计室counters room总务室general affair office收发货办公室receiving and shipping office会议室meeting room会客室receptio

19、n room展览室demonstration room医务室clinic值班室duty room图书室library资料室information center数据中心data center食堂canteen厨房kitchen餐厅dining room备餐室food preparation room茶室tea room咖啡室coffee room休息室break room酒吧bar洗手间wash room盥洗室toilet男厕所mens女厕所womens更衣室changing room淋浴室shower room保安中心security center储存室store开水间kettle room实

20、验室laboratory产品开发实验室development laboratory维修间maintenance room仓库store原材料仓库raw material store成品仓库finished product store备件存放间parts store材料入检incoming goods inspection发货区shipping area化学品存放间chemical store维修备件存放间maintenance parts store水泵房water pump room空调设备室air handling units room电梯间elevator room锅炉房boiler r

21、oom楼梯间staircase room车间workshop辅助车间auxiliary workshop机械加工车间mechanical process workshop锻工车间blacksmith shop冲压车间press shop焊接车间welding shop电镀车间electroplating shop;钳工车间fitter shop机修车间machine repairing shop金工车间smith shop装配车间assembly shop包装车间packing shop烧结车间sintering shop工具间tools room洁净室clean room净化厂房purifi

22、ed factory微波暗室anechoic chamber拉丝区drawing area耐火构造fire resisting construction建筑耐火等级fire resistance rating of building饿抵抗能够耐火时限rated fire-resistance duration耐火极限limited of fire resistance开间bay进深depth柱网column grid柱列轴线axis of column row墙wall外墙external wall内墙internal wall隔墙wall partition砖墙brick wall空斗墙ro

23、w lock wall抹面墙rendered wall空心墙hollow wall混凝土砌块墙concrete block wall承重墙bearing wall非承重墙non-bearing wall剪力墙shear wall围护墙cladding wall挡土墙earth-retaining wall背墙back wall胸墙breast wall地龙墙sleeper wall幕墙curtain wall山墙gable wall女儿墙parapet砖压顶女儿墙brick-cap parapet玻璃隔墙glazed partition隔断shower stall活动隔断movable par

24、tition防火墙fire proof wall抗震墙earthquake resisting wall地面和楼面面层ground and floor surface course现浇混凝土楼面cast-in-place concrete floor水泥沙浆楼面cement mortar floor现浇水磨石楼面cast-in-site terrazzo floor块料楼面block flooring砖楼面brick floor预制混凝土块楼面precut concrete block floor预制水磨石楼面precut terrazzo floor人造大理石楼面manu marble bl

25、ock floor碎拼大理石楼面filler broken-marble floor缸砖楼面clinker floor马赛克楼面mosaic tile floor镶嵌楼面floor inlaid拼花楼面mosaic pavement水泥花砖楼面cement tile floor水泥压光cement troweled塑料面plastic floor纤维板楼面hard board floor胶合板楼面glued slab floor无缝楼面jointless floor叠层楼面laminated floor供形楼面arched floor抗静电活动地板anti-static movable flo

26、or活动地板支架support of movable floor有吊顶的楼板double floor人造石铺面granolithic finish玻璃钢面glassfiber floor拼花花岗岩granite floor地砖floor tile防滑砖non-slip tile抗静电铝合金地面anti-static aluminium alloy floor地毯carpet踢脚skirting木踢脚wooded skirtingpvc踢脚pvc skirting玻璃钢踢脚fiber glass skirting水泥踢脚cement skirting门door木门wooded door钢门ste

27、el door钢丝网门chain ink铁门iron door玻璃门glazed door组合门composite door两面包铁皮门door clad with sheet iron on both sides内门internal door外门external door大门gate防火门fire resisting door隔声门sound proof door保温门thermal insulation door冷藏门cooler door太平门emergency door安全门exit door防爆门explosion proof door防护门protection door屏蔽门shi

28、eld door防射线门rediation resisting door防风砂门weather tight door密闭门sealed door泄压门pressure release door壁橱门closet door引风门ventilation door平开门side hung door单开门single action door双向门double action door双扇门double action door双扇对开门double hinged door单开或双开弹簧门single or double acting door双开弹簧门swing door推拉门sliding door竖向

29、推拉门vertical sliding door隔栅推拉门sliding grating door折门according door套叠门telescoping door水平翻门trap door卷门rolling door转门revolving door自动门automatic door法式门french door固定门fixed door夹板门plywood door镶板门paneled door平板玻璃门plate glass door隔栅门grille door百叶门shutter door连窗门door with side window空心门hollow door窗window木窗wo

30、oded window钢窗steel window铝合金窗aluminium alloy window塑料窗plastic framed window纱窗screen window供窗arch window凸窗bay window凹窗bow window圆窗round window方窗square window多角窗canted window无框格窗sashless window防火窗fire resisting window隔声窗sound proof window保温窗heat insulation window间隔窗partition window防护窗protection window

31、安全窗security window屏蔽窗shield window防射线窗rediation resisting window防风沙窗weather tight window密闭窗sealed window泄压窗pressure release window换气窗vent sash假窗blank window陈列橱窗display window扩散窗diffuse window平开窗side hung window右（左）开平窗side hung right (left) hand window内开平窗inward opening window推拉窗sliding window垂直推拉窗ve

32、rtically sliding window旋转窗pivoted window自动开窗automatic window折叠窗folding window固定窗fixed window单层窗single window双层窗double window三层窗triple window山墙窗gable window边窗side light腰窗fanlight带窗continuous window子母扇窗attached sash window组合窗composite window落地窗french window带纱扇窗window with screen sash固定百叶窗louver window

33、遮阳式窗awning window卷帘百叶窗rolling shutter天窗skylight上框head边框jamb中横框transom中竖框mullion下框sill窗框sash frame上梃top rail中梃middle rail下梃bottow rail边梃stile风雨板weather board挡风雨条weather strip窗帘window blind窗铁栅window guard窗插梢sash bolt拉手handle铰链hinge可拆铰链loose joint窗开关调节器window adjuster地弹簧floor spring门弹弓door closer-sprin

34、g门锁door latch with lock推拉门滑轨sliding door rail门销door bolt暗门锁dormant bolt门锁door lock单元门锁unit lock磁卡门锁card lock推拉把手push and pull brace门推板push plate踢板kick plate定门器door stop闭门器door closer弹子锁night latch转轴pivot门链条door chain插锁mortise lock钥匙孔板key plate钥匙孔盖key hole escutcheon气窗联动开关window gearing手动开关器hand open

35、er电动开关器electric opener楼梯stair主楼梯main stair内楼梯back stair箱形楼梯box stair悬臂式楼梯bracketed stair悬空楼梯hanging stair螺旋楼梯spiral stair盘旋楼梯winding stair交叉布置的自动楼梯crisscross arrangement of moving stair平行布置的自动楼梯parallel arrangement of moving stair直跑楼梯，单跑楼梯straight stair回转式楼梯turn stair双分叉式楼梯bifurcated type stair狗腿式楼梯

36、dog-legged type staircase带梯井式楼梯open-well staircase螺旋式楼梯helical type stair中柱螺旋式楼梯helical type stair with newel单跑式楼梯staircase of stright flight type太平梯escape stair专用太平梯special emergency staircase防火梯fire escape staircase封闭楼梯间closed staircase开敞楼梯间open staircase防烟楼梯井smoke protection staircase室外楼梯exterior

37、 stair室外安全疏散楼梯间exterior escape stairway室内安全梯interior escape stair有围护的的楼梯stairway enclosure垂直铁扶梯vertical iron ladder移动式楼梯traveling stairway坡道ramp爬梯fixed ladder自动楼梯moving stair楼梯间卸货口hoistway楼梯平台stair landing外挑平台cantilevered platform休息楼梯resting rungs扶梯梯级ladder step楼梯段纵梁stair bearer楼梯梁stair stringer楼梯柱s

38、tair post平台踏步landing step扇形踏步wheeling step悬空踏步hanging step楼梯栏杆stair railing靠墙扶手grab rail栏杆扶手handrail栏杆柱baluster column平台栏杆platform railing活动栏杆removable railing固定栏杆non-floating rail栏杆上档top transom栏杆下档bottom transom防滑条non-slip insert金刚砂防滑条non-slip emery insert楼梯踏步防滑条non-slip nosing防滑梯级non-slip tread多梯

39、段楼梯multi-flight staircase楼梯毯压棍stair carpet rod固定楼梯地毯夹stair clip顶棚ceiling板顶棚boarding ceiling板条顶棚lathed ceiling露梁顶棚beam ceiling拱顶式顶棚vault ceiling条形顶棚strip ceiling胶合板顶棚plywood board ceiling抹灰金属网顶棚plastered metal-lath ceiling筒形顶棚cylindrical ceiling纤维板顶棚fiber board ceiling平顶隔栅ceiling joist顶棚吊筋ceiling han

40、ger顶棚嵌板ceiling plate顶棚镶板ceiling panel铝合金压条aluminium bar顶棚通风孔air drain of ceiling顶棚的木压条ceiling panel strip顶棚周边压条ceiling rail顶棚灯钩ceiling hook屋面roof平屋面terrace roof坡屋面pitched roof人字屋顶gable roof单坡屋顶shed roof格沟屋顶lattice roof球形屋顶spherical dome屋面坡度roof slope屋面斜度inclination of roof屋面高跨比roof pitch沥青嵌缝平屋面aspha

41、lt filler flat roof油毡撒绿豆沙屋面felt and gravel roof预制大型屋面板屋面precast roofing slab roof谕旨贺孔板屋面precast circul hole slab roof沥青纸板屋面asphaltic card board roof屋面面层roof covering屋面保温roof insulation防水层water proofing防潮层damp course找平层leveling banket整平层leveling course伸缩缝盖条expansion joint sealing屋面材料roofing materials

42、防潮材料damp proof materials沥青防潮层asphalt damp-proof course聚乙烯薄膜polythene film聚氨脂薄膜polyurethane film隔热保温材料heat-insulating materials聚苯乙烯片polystyrene sheet玻璃纤维板fiberglass sheet绝热屋面板insulating fiberboard石棉水泥板asbestos-cement sheet膨胀软木片expanded cork sheet保温箔片thermal foil密闭条sealing rope油毡覆盖面层felt carpet防水材料wat

43、er-proofer不透水层waterproof layer不透水接头water-tight joint屋面油毡roofing felt油毛毡衬sarking felt浸渍毡impregnated felt油毡纸felt paper灌注石油沥青poured asphalt松节油灰泥gum-spirit cement防凝水内衬anti-condensation lining沥青衬里bitumen-lining沥青嵌缝料bitumen-sealing compound粘结剂binding agent沥青胶泥填缝molten bitumen filler冷乳化沥青cold emulsion沥青底子a

44、sphaltic base焦油沥青涂层tar membrane乳化液涂层emulsion membrane环氧涂层epoxy membrane五层作法five-ply多层作法multi-ply冷铺cold application热铺hot application刷涂brush喷涂spray脊顶ridge crest檐瓦verge tile滴水瓦verge屋顶排水沟valley雨水沟rain gutter披水板cover flashing天沟托板layer board屋檐eaves飞檐cornice封檐板eaves plate抹灰板plastering plate喷涂抹灰shot plaster

45、ing滚涂抹灰roll coating内墙抹灰interior plaster内墙抹灰二遍作法interior 2-coat plaster抹灰（打底），渲染rendering外墙抹灰三遍作法external 3-coat rendering冲筋running screed, floating screed灰浆冲筋mortar strip定准块spacer block抹涂层trowel coating刮涂scratch work抹灰打底prime coat二层抹灰render and set三层抹灰render float and set二遍抹灰层second coat of plaster抹

46、平，找平screeding抹光trowel finish抹灰板条lath and plaster金属网抹灰plaster on metal lath面层finish coat, skin coat抹灰罩面层setting coat石灰罩面cement finish水泥抹面cement plastering麻刀灰抹面hemp cuts and lime-plaster石膏抹面plaster of paris work珍珠岩沙浆抹面pearlier plaster finish水砂粉饰sand plaster砂饰面sand finish喷珍珠岩饰面pearlite spraying水泥沙浆层cem

47、ent sand bed水泥沙浆垫层cement and sand cushion水泥浆找平cement screeding拉毛stucco水刷石饰面granitic plaster石灰浆刷lime brush瓷砖铺面pave with tile贴铀面砖facing glazed brick贴陶瓷砖facing cerameic tile马赛克面mosaic surface墙面饰面石wall tile光面smooth surface镜面mirror surface饰面找平screed finish杉木chinese fir红杉potanin larch柏木chinese weeping cyp

48、ress松木pine桦木birch楠木phoebe桉木gum tree椴木linden红木palisander wood柚木common teak胡桃木manchurian walnut黑檀木ebony wood水曲柳ashtree檀香木sandal wood木材等级timber grade气干木材air seasoning wood涂料paint涂料成分paint ingredients颜色对比color contrast暖色warm color冷色cold color色度温度color temperature浓艳色彩rich color涂层skin防锈层antirust coat乙烯基树脂涂料涂层vinyl-resin paint coating底层primer coat预涂层pre-coating涂料打底paint base油底漆oil-base paint底色ground color顶层top coat防水涂料waterproof paint防火涂料fire-retardant paint防腐蚀涂料anticorrosive paint上光涂料emulsion paint乳胶涂料acid resistant coating防酸涂料可赛银粉calcimine铝粉aluminium powder沥青涂料asphalt coat底漆primer红丹底漆re