语言与文化模拟测试题

1、-第一部分选择题I. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statementand the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement.（ 20%)1. In its broad sense culture is.()A. whatever distinguishes one nation from al

2、l the other nationsB. the attributes of manC. life way of a populationD. intellectual or academic development and artist creation become secondary2. Language is_, which means that speech is the primary medium of languageA. arbitraryB.-vocalC. symbolicD.human specific3. Word_frequently appears togeth

3、er with "boy", "man", "vessel" or "airliner"()A. beautifulB. niceC. prettyD. handsome4. Word "get" is derived from_.()A. Old NorseB.LatinC. FrenchD.Germany5. _is the name given to a young man or young woman who rejects authority, existing institution

4、 and conventional attitudes towards morality, style of dress, etc.()-A. DukeB. CowboyC. HippieD. Knight6. In English culture, "White"connotes_.()A. deathB.longevityC. immaturityD.innocence7. The metaphorical expression "she cast her spellover me" illustrated that()A. love is magi

5、cB.love is warC. love is a physical forceD.love is patient8. "Even reckoning makes long friends." is a proverbthat related to()A. the history of EnglandB.the English writing systemC. individualismD.-English literature9. "To cause one to feel fear, loathing, aversion, nervous anxiety&q

6、uot; is synonymous to_.()A. "to make a face"B. "tomake one s flesh creep"C. "to make a cat laugh"D. "tomake bricks without straw"10. "A proud of flesh" is derived from Shakespeare's_.()A. Romeo and JulietB.Anthony and CleopatraC. The Merchant of

7、VeniceD.King Lear11. "The old Adam" is an allusionfrom_.()A. literatureB.religionC. mythologyD.-history12. "To kick off” is derived from_.()A. boxingB.American footballC. soccerD.baseball13. "Friday" is named after Freya, _.()A. goddess of musicB.goddess of warC. goddess of

8、oceanD.goddess of heaven14. A_is an implied comparison betweentwo or more unlike things.()A. similesB.metaphorsC. associationsD.tenor-15. "There are too many facts here for me to digest them all." is a metaphorical expression about ideas,which are_()A. FoodB. commoditiesC. productsD. plant

9、s16. A blackleg is a personwho_.()A. accepts work in place of strikersB. is a scoundrelC. is a member of a secret organization of Italian criminals and blackmailers which operated in the U.S.D. is a traitor17.The English equivalent for "贱内 " is_.()A. my husbandB. my wife-C. my sonD. my dau

10、ghter18. One s oral speech is always interpreted inrelation to_that accompanies his speech.()A. oral languageB. written languageC. body languageD. verbal language19. The first successful British colony was founded in_, Virginia, in 1607.()A. PlymouthB.JamestownC. New HampshireD. New York20. Some non

11、verbal messages are consistent with accompanying verbal message, which is the_ function of nonverbal message.-()A. complementingB. contradictingC. RegulatingD.accentingII. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives care

12、fully and decide which alternative can complete the statement .There might be more than one correct answer (10%)21. The relationship between language, culture andthought is that ()A. they are three parts of a wholeB. language is determined by culture while culture is determined by thought-C. each of

13、 them can operate independentlyD. the three aspects interact, each influencing andshaping the other two22. The word (words)_is (are) connectedwith history.()A. scalpB.lynchC. reformationD.bible23. The most common English replies to thankare_.()A. It is nothingB. Itis my dutyC. Not at allD. Itis my p

14、leasure24. When English speaking people part, they usuallysay_.()A. Good- byeB.It s mice to meet you-C. See you tomorrowD. So long25.are the proverbs, which are related toGreco - Roman civilization.()A. Marry in May, repent alwaysB. Bacchus hath drowned more me than NeptuneC. Homer sometimes nodsD.

15、Better to reign in hell than serve in heaven26. "A purple passage" refers to an extremely ornateportion in_. ()A. musicB. a literacy workC. painting D. architecture27. The euphemisms for the expression "backwardcountries" are_. ()A. underdeveloped countriesB. developed countriesC

16、. developing countries-D. poor countries28. In each of the following stretches of English, there is a textual connective which is underlined. Words_ indicate the adversative relation between the adjoining sentences.()A. You aren't leaving, are you? Because I've gotsomething to say to youB. I

17、 d love to join in. Only I don t know how toplayC. He showed no pleasure at hearing the news.Instead he looked even gloomierD. All the figures were correct;they d beenchecked. Yet the total came out wrong29. Generally speaking, the main function of Englishnewspaper reporting is_.()A. to cheat the re

18、aderB.to advise the readerC. to inform the readerD.-to amuse the reader30. The basic facial management techniquesare_.()A. intensifyingB.deintensifyingC. neutralizingD.masking第二部分非选择题III. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression. (12%)31. Language is the_of cultural information.32. _is

19、 the communicative value an expression has in addition to the purely conceptual meaning.33. "_" interpreted as "freedom from undesirable intrusions" and regarded as a human right.34. _are the smallest units of meaning.-35. You are a student of English. If you are complimented on

20、your English, you may say_.36. If the person calling is a stranger, the person who answers the phone normally asks,_.37. The English proverbial equivalent for "对牛弹琴 "is_.38. "Every wise man breadth his enemy" is derived from_by Geoffrey Chaucer.39. In English blue is usually asso

21、ciatedwith_.40. _are frequently used in mass media about political, socioeconomic affairs and international relations to avoid the unpleasantness of some terms or expressions.41. _refers to reasoning from the general to the particular or reasoning in which the conclusion about particulars follows ne

22、cessarily from the general or universal promises.-42. Meaning is conveyed not only by words or verbal language but also by_.IV. Answer the following questions briefly. (12%)43. Is there any contrast between the Western people and the Chinese people as far as thought is concerned?44.What conceptual d

23、ifference is there between "药店" and "drugstore"?45. What is the difference between "to make a face"and its equivalent "做个鬼脸 " in Chinese?46. How would you explain the statement that the Chinese narrative and descriptive writing is often more ornate or flowery

24、than English one?47. What are the five categories of gesture?48. Why is time so important to our lives?V. Translation.16%A. Translate the following into Chinese. (8 %)49. Any port in a storm.50. One fails into Scylla in seeking to avoid-Charybdis.51. Man proposes, God disposes.52. The money after yo

25、ur own father.B. Translate the following into English. (8 %)53 衙门自古朝南开，有理无钱莫进来。54 三思而后行。55 节俭犹如点金石。56 上帝要毁灭谁，必先夺其理性。VI. Define the following terms. (10 %)57. word58. allusion59. text structures60. advertising61. emblemsVII. Discuss the following topics: (20%)62. Discuss in relation to culture the di

26、fferencesbetween triples of synonyms in English.(e. g. ask,question, interrogate.)63. Discuss the reason of differences in spelling in-American and British English.语言与文化标准预测试卷(一 )参考答案1.1.B2.B3.D4.A5.C6.D7.A8.C9.B10.C11.B12.C13.A14.B15.A16.A17.B18.C19.B20.AII. 21.AD 22.AB 23.CD 24.ACD 25.AC 26.ABCD27

27、.ACD 28.BCD 29.CD 30.ABCDIII. 31. carrier and container32. Connotativemeaning33. Privacy34. Morphemes35. "Thankyou for encouraging me"36. "Who is calling,please?"37. "Never cast your pearls before swine"38. The Canterbury Tales39. unhappy feelings40.Euphemisms41. Deduct

28、ion42. nonverbalcommunication systemsIV.43.The western people, who may have received-strict training in formal logic, are good at abstract or logic thinking. The Chinese people are accustomed to artistic thinking.44.The difference is that one can buy most kinds of medicine and some kinds of medical

29、apparatus in a " 药店 ", but without a doctor' s prescription one canbuy only a few kinds of medicine and one can also buy toiletries, food and various other small articles in a drugstore.45.The difference is that the Chinese people feel itnecessary to use the modifier "鬼" to s

30、how that the"face' is unusual, whereas the English speakingpeople do not.46. Compare with English writing.Chinese narrative and descriptive writing is more ornate or flowery in a Chinese text. One can find not onlyadjectives but also similes and metaphors. However, there are few similes and

31、 metaphors in an English one. In addition, frequent use of hyperbolas is allowed-in Chinese descriptive writing.47. Gestures can be classified into five categories: emblems, illustrators, regulators affect displays , and adapters.48. Time is very important to our lives. Firstly, ourdaily activities

32、are time scheduled. Secondly, our orallanguage clearly makes time an over riding force.V A 49.船在暴风雨中不择港口或：慌不择路50 为避虎穴，落入狼窝。51 谋事在人，成事在天。52 父子间尽可能清帐。B. 53. Court doors may open, but not to the poor 54. Look before you lap55. Thrift is philosopher s store56. Whom God would ruin, he first deprives of r

33、eason.VI. 57. Words are units of expression which language users can intuitively recognize in either speech or writing. In speech words are sequences of speech sounds between pauses, and in writing words are-sequences of letters between blanks.58. Allusions are implied or indirect references to char

34、acters or events from culture: literature, legends, history, religion, sports, etc.59. "Text structures" refer to the ways in which the parts of a text are organized and related to one another to form a meaningful whole.60. Advertising is defined as "the nonpersonal communication usua

35、lly paid for and usually persuasive in nature about products, service or ideas by identified sponsors through different media.61. Emblems ore physical acts that can fully take the place of spoken words.VII.62. The Norman Conquest brought the French language into England. At that time France was cult

36、urally more advanced than England and used mainly in formal and literary contexts (e.g. questions) .English words were mainly used when common topics were talked about(e. g. ask) . English-has been closely related to Latin as well. The English ancestors-the German speaking Angles, Saxons andJutes borrowed from the culturally more advanced Latin - speaking Roman dozens of w