[高等教育]万学海文2008年全国研究生入学统一考试全真英语模拟试题二

1、学海文2008年全国研究生入学统一考试全真英语模拟试题(二)Text 3It could be all reasonable to blame traffic jams, the cost of petrol and the quick pace of modern life, but manners on the roads are becoming horrible. Everybody knows that the nicest men become monsters behind the wheel. It is adequate, again, to have a tiger in

2、the tank, but to have one in the drivers seat is another matter altogether. You might tolerate the rude and inconsiderate driver, but sadly nowadays the well-mannered motorist is just an exception. Perhaps the situation calls for a Be Kind to Other Drivers campaign, otherwise it may get completely o

3、ut of hand.Road politeness is not just good manners, but good sense too. It takes the most cool-headed and good-tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to revenge when subjected to uncivilized behavior. On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards relieving the tensions of mot

4、oring. A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgement in response to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of goodwill and tolerance so necessary in modern traffic conditions. But such acknowledgements of politeness are all too rare today. Many drivers nowadays dont even seem able to recog

5、nize politeness when they see it.However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous. Typical examples are the driver who brakes violently to allow a car to emerge from a side street at some hazard to following traffic, when a few seconds later the road would be clear anyway; or the man who waves a

6、child across a zebra crossing into the path of oncoming vehicles that may be unable to stop in time. The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they care to. It always amazes me that the highways are not covered with the dead bodies of these grannies.A veteran d

7、river, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if motorists learnt to filter correctly into traffic streams one at a time without causing the total blockages that give rise to bad temper. Unfortunately, modern motorists cant even learn to drive, let alone master the subtler aspects of boa

8、tmanship. Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.31. According to this passage, troubles on the road are primarily caused by _.A. traffic conditionsB. the

9、rhythm of modern lifeC. the behavior of the drivers（C）D. peoples attitude towards rude drivers 32. The sentence “You might tolerate the rude and . the rule.” (Para. 1) implies that _.A. our society is unjust towards well-mannered motoristsB. rude drivers can be met only occasionallyC. the well-

10、mannered motorist cannot tolerate the inconsiderate drivers（D）D. nowadays impolite drivers constitute the majority of motorists 33. By “good sense,” the writer means _.A. the drivers ability to understand and react reasonablyB. the drivers prompt response to difficult and severe conditionsC. th

11、e drivers tolerance of rude or even savage behavior（A）D. the drivers acknowledgement of politeness and regulations 34. Experts have long pointed out that in the face of car-ownership explosion, _.A. road users should demand more sacrificeB. drivers should be ready to yield to each otherC. drive

12、rs should have more communication among themselves（B）D. drivers will suffer great loss if they pay no respect to others 35. What can be inferred from this passage?A. Strict traffic regulations are badly neededB. Drivers should apply road politeness properlyC. Rude drivers should be punished（B）D

13、. Drivers should avoid traffic jams Text 4With the prevalence of interactive electronic media, a man alone in his own home will never have been so well placed to fill the inexplicable mental space between birth and death. Computer games and surfing the web will make the existential problem a th

14、ing of the past. Isn't that great! In this promising scenario it seems only right that books should be pushed more and more into those moments, say, of travel, that people still don't quite know what to do with.In spite of all this, given the perceived dumbing down of such a world, when peop

15、le do read they'll no doubt want to feel they are reading something serious. For although the collapse of pretty well all collective illusions - religious and political - will have persuaded most people to turn their mental energies to problems exclusively technical and their emotions to the har

16、mlessly superficial, still it's hard to forget that qualities like wisdom and insight once carried considerable prestige. It would be nice to think one had them. And of course those qualities tended to be associated with something called literature. Result? You're going to find fewer books p

17、resenting themselves as mass market stories and more taking up literary pretensions.Translators can only benefit from this desire for the seemingly sophisticated. We can look forward to lots of fantastic foreign stories, which are enthusiastically sustained by the overall concept of 'the global

18、village'. Much of this will be awful and some wonderful, but don't expect the press or the organizers of prizes to offer you much help in making the appropriate distinctions between superior and inferior stuff. They will be chiefly engaged in creating celebrity, the greatest enemy of discrim

19、ination, but a vital prop(支柱) for the confused consumer. However, the sharper readers will establish their own book list, something worth looking forward to.Meanwhile, every ethnic grouping the world over will be seen to have a great writer of their own-a phenomenon that will lead to a new kind of p

20、rovincialism, more historical than geographical, where only the strictly contemporary is admired. Universities will include novels written only last year, while the achievements of ten or only five years ago will quite reasonably be forgotten.    In short, you can't go too far wro

21、ng when predicting more of the same things. But there is a positive side to this - the inevitable reaction against it. What we would like to see happen in the world of literature-publishers seeking less to generate celebrity through advertising, newspapers and magazines giving space to reflective se

22、rious readings - are rather unlikely. But dullness never quite darkens the whole planet. In their own fashion, a few writers will always be looking for new departures.36. According to the author, people want to feel they are reading something serious because_.A. they have turned their mental energie

23、s to technical problems.B. wisdom and insight once carried substantial prestige.C. they have not been persuaded into giving up certain qualities.D. collective illusions have collapsed. 37. What does the author say about “celebrity” in the field of literature?A. It is the greatest enemy of perso

24、nal discriminations.B. It is generated by publishers through advertising and by organizers of prizes.C. It helps sharper readers establish their own reading lists.D. It is a prop for all the consumers. 38. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. The prevalence of

25、interactive electronic media helps a man alone at home to stop thinking about the meaning of life and death.B. Books are supposed to be pushed more into moments people cannot handle.C. Qualities like wisdom and insight tend to be forgotten.D. Universities are inclined to include novels older than 5

26、years. 39. What is the authors attitude towards the new kind of “provincialism” (Line2, paragraph 4)?A. negative  B. positive  C. subjective   D. optimistic 40. According to the author, what is the prospect of the literary world?A. The publishers will reduce the cost of

27、 advertising.B. Newspapers and magazines will give space to serious literature.C. Publishers will stop generating celebrity.D. There are difficulties as well hopes with the future of literature.  Part BDirections:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you

28、 are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-G to fill in each numbered box. The first, the fourth and the last paragraphs have been placed for you in Boxes. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1 (10 points) A And its not just servers in the bac

29、k office that can benefit from virtualization. Modern desktop and even laptop computers have more than enough power these days to run virtualization software. Both the VMWare Server and Microsofts Virtual PC 2007 are ideal for installing virtual machines on an Intel- or AMD-based PC. B Protecti

30、on against spyware is no better. Until recently, however, the problem was more of an annoyance than a threat. But spyware is changing into something more horriblewith identity theft being the main objective. Meanwhile, protection against these attackscheating e-mails that try to get users to provide

31、 passwords and other crucial datais even less effective. By one estimate, it costs Americans between $500m and $1 billion annually. C A better idea is to adopt something called virtualizationa technique thats been around for ages, but has only lately come back into fashion. Virtualization provi

32、des a way of hiding a computers resourcesits central processor, operating system, network controller, and storage devicesbehind a software curtain. The idea is to give users (not to mention nefarious strangers) the impression they have control of the machine, when really they are dealing with a fake

33、 machine created entirely in software. D Security firms reckon some 2.3 million “bots” are currently online. While suppliers of anti-virus software have every reason to magnify the claim, the fact remains that only four out of five computers connected to the internet have such software installe

34、d. And less than half those have their software updated on time. E Keep out! Either will allow you to run a “guest” operating system inside one of these virtual machines. The guest can be another copy of Windows, which can then be left exposed to attack by viruses and other malware circulating

35、around the internet, while the actual computer remains hidden behind the curtain, free from infection. After youve finished surfing the web, the virtual machine and its copy of the operating system can be discarded and a fresh set re-established the next time you switch on the computer. F Even

36、among those that do, the software typically catches no more than 70% of the viruses, worms, Trojan horses and key-stroke loggers probing them continuously. MalwareMalicious software designed to take over computersmutates faster than A-V software. Insiders reckon protection is generally one to two mo

37、nths behind. G One answer, of course, is to disconnect your computer from the internet completely, and never to accept any form of portable media from anyone. That way, your computer will never get infected, nor will it be turned into a zombie ready to do the illicit bidding of some scam artist

38、, identity thief, mail spammer or child pornographer. But it will also be next to useless. H Hacking used to be done by kids for kicks or bragging rights. Nowadays, its big business for organised crime, often out of reach of the law, on the far side of the world. Connect an unprotected personal

39、 computer to the internet for more than 15 seconds and it will almost certainly be attacked by a virus or worse. Thats how ruthlessly effective the army of malicious robots, dispatched by criminals to scour the net for vulnerable computers, has become. H   41.    &

40、#160; 42.      B.   43.      .44.      A   45. Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on

41、 ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points) In modern universities, all disciplines strive to distinguish themselves from all others. (46) In doing so, they make at a lower level a primary distinction between the humanities and the sciences, with the former taking human beings and their thoughts, imaginings,

42、capacities and works as its subject and the latter taking on the nonhuman world, of which the human can be seen as a mere by-product.Within the humanities, each subfield claims its own territory. Philosophy, for example, examines the conditions of human life and thought, focusing in particular on th

43、e question of free will and choice that informs both ethics and aesthetics. Its mode can be described, very broadly, as analysis. (47)History focuses its efforts on the records of specifically human endeavor and achievement, which provides not only a subject, but a certain scale and style of analysi

44、s. As a discipline, history is primarily predisposed not to analysis but to chronology or narrative, which is capable of representing events in a causal series.(48)Criticism of the arts defines itself more by its objectpaintings, buildings, films or literary textsthan by its methodology（方法论）, which

45、can incline either toward philosophy, or toward history, the production or reception of the work of art. Sometimes multiple approaches are comprehended in the same critical work. As its subject is creativity, criticism of the arts must itself be creative in determining its own orientation, its own projects, its own methodology.(49)The discrimination of fields makes it possible not only to achieve precise specialized knowledge, but