网络工程毕业设计外文翻译中英文_什么叫光纤与光纤应用领域

1、郑州轻工业学院本科毕业设计（论文）英文翻译题 目什么叫光纤与光纤应用领域学生姓名 专业班级 网络工程学 号*院 （系）计算机与通信工程学院指导教师（职称）（讲师完成时间2011年6月6日什么叫光纤及光纤应用领域专业班级：网络工程 07-1 姓名：闵昌壮学号：200707030127英文原文What is fiber and fiber optic applicationsUnderstanding the optical fiber, we first take a look at the propagation of light. Just a straight line, but whe

2、n the light exposure to a substa nee occurs whe n the refractio n and reflecti on. We ofte n see the glass and mirrors, reflective refers to the reflect ion of light; half of the straight stick into the cup is no Ion ger a straight look is an illusion caused by light refraction. In fact, we have bee

3、n able to see a variety of objects, that are caused by refractio n and reflect ion of light (if there is no light, we could not see anythin g.)Propagati on of light in a vacuum can also be spread in certa in substances,certain substancesmentioned here, is called in the optical media or medium terms.

4、 Glass, quartz, air, water, clear plastic so the light can be transmitted, they are the medium of light transmission. Different medium density is not the same, such as we know the density of water is much larger than the air. Seemingly similar substa nces (such as glass and quartz), and their den si

5、ty is not the same. So, is divided into light denser medium and light sparse media. When the light from one medium will be injected in to ano ther medium refraction, like turni ng the light child friends. Even with the same material, also produced by some of the density of different environmental co

6、nditions, such as the air somewhere hot (low density), somewhere in the cold air (high den sity), the light pass ing through hot and cold air can also occur when the refraction (We are familiar with the mirage is a result of this situation occurs.) Shine the light on the medium surface is called inc

7、ident, refracted through the medium of light is called refract ion of light. I ncide nt, reflected light and medium in terface (phase two media where) there is a relati on ship betwee n, this is the angle of incidence and refraction. Two points of view angle as the incident light cha nges. Whe nthe

8、light from the optical den ser medium in jected into the medium an gle light thinning to a certa in exte nt, the light can no Ion ger laun ched into ano ther medium, so will have a total reflect ion of light.Understanding the propagation of light, let us know fiber. Is a simple glass fiber can be, a

9、ccord ing to differe nt requireme nts, it can be made very thi n, usually from a few microns to hun dreds of micro ns. A lot of fiber will usually in crease in the surface (coating) layer of another material, called cladding or coating layer. This layer of material can be used as the medium from the

10、 refraction of light thinning, and some flexibility can enhance the optical fiber so that it can be bent. No fiber coati ng layer is called bare fiber. Bare fiber can also be transmitted optical signal (optical fiber and then the air became two differe nt media.) Depe nding on the n eeds of people i

11、n glass or quartz other chemical elements can be added, you can use a variety of complex tech no logy to make thi n fibers with a complex in ternal structure. Therefore, the fiber is a lot of varieties, and some can send thousands of different types of light waves, while others on ly by a sin gle wa

12、ve of light. Fiber product ion process is relatively fine, usually called the draw ing. Optical fiber com muni cati ons cable used in the root by the tens to hundreds of such integrated optical fiber, each fiber can take a huge traffic.Therefore, in fiber optical tran smissi on, mai nly the com mon

13、core and the cladd ing effect. Refract ion of light accordi ng to the above men ti oned reas on, we will understand that the fiber core, and it is certainly outside of the cladding material of two different densities, and the core density should be larger than the packet layer. Thus, as long as a su

14、itable angle of incoming light, this beam of light will be kept in total reflection within the fiber to transmit to the other end.Practical application of optical fiber, as long as not too bent, the light will enter the fiber with in the fiber boun ces back and forth, twists and turns forward propag

15、ati on, but also some light into the cladding and in its dissemination. The propagation of light in fiber will also in spire a certa in wave mode, which related with the thick ness of the fiber, core diameter is too small to determine the transmission mode is difficult to form, the core diameter is

16、too thick to an in crease in tran smissi on mode, the dispersi on of a serious, solid The fiber core can not be too thick or too thin, gen erally transmitted several times to several times the wavelength. In accordanee with the optical fiber to allow transmission of electromagnetic waves on the mode

17、, can be divided in to sin gle-mode optical fiber and multimode fiber. Sin gle-mode fiber that can transmit an electromagnetic wave mode, multimode fiber that can transmit multiple wave modes, in fact, single-mode fiber and multimode optical fiber of the points, that is, the diameter of the core poi

18、nts. Small single-mode fiber, multimode fiber thick. Used in fiber optic cable networks are all single-mode fiber, its transmission characteristics, and bandwidth of up to 10GHZ, can be transmitted in an optical fiber 60 PAL-D TV sets.We have a preliminary understanding of the principles of fiber op

19、tic transmission of light, then it is also how a variety of text, images, sound transmission from? It turned out that the use of electr onic tech no logy, people can be text, images, sound and other in formatio n in to electro nic sig nals, maki ng them all into the 1 and 0 digit stri ng con sist in

20、g of, that is what we ofte n call a digital tech no logy .In digital tech no logy, the 1 and 0, said circuit for ope ning and clos ing, the use of the optical tech no logy, the bright and dull that they can achieve two states. So, people through Optical (fiber in put to the optical sig nal device) t

21、o issue a series of light and dark fiber different light signal, optical fiber receives the other end of the optical signal, then through the specialized equipment to restore it into a digital sig nal, Fin ally, from TV, radio, computers and other digital sig nal will be reduced to text, images, sou

22、nds and so on.Optical fiber com muni cati on has a treme ndous adva ntage, first, its capacity is amazing, a thin optical fiber can transmit tens of thousands or even hundreds of millions of road calls, you can transmit thousands of television sets, which is unmatched by other transport means The. S

23、econdthe optical transmission of light sig nals, electromag netic in terfere nee from outside it, not afraid of humidity, not afraid of erosion, pollution-free, secure and strong. Optical fiber transmission signal loss is small, only one-tenth of the cable. General coaxial cable, at intervals of 1.5

24、 km is necessary to set up a relay station to compensate for signal attenuation; and fiber optic com muni cati ons relay stati on, the dista nce can exceed 10 kilometers. In additi on, the fiber raw material is that we are familiar with the sand (quartz), and more is on the earth and very cheap. Qua

25、rtz can be produced a few grams a kilometer- long optical fiber. Thus in stead of an ordinary metal wire with a fiber can save a lot of valuable non-ferrous metals copper and lead. Very light weight of fiber, 8 fiber made of fiber optic cable, each weighi ng about 60 kg km only, while the same nu mb

26、er of ordinarycable is 4 tons.In fact, far more tha n the fiber optical com muni catio n skills in this area, in many ways, especially in high-tech fields, pienty of fiber not only useless, but new tech no logy is lead ing the revoluti on yet.We know that the light can be transmitted in the fiber wh

27、ich is also known to light a variety of information with the basic method. In specific applications of such fiber, some only n eed one (such as optical com muni cati on), while others n eed a lot of roots (such as transfer beams). In addition, there is a great application of optical fiber, that is,

28、image transmission. Video image transmission means to direct transmission through the fiber, while the middle is no Ion ger as optical com muni cati on through the conversion process as a signal. Seenin this light, the transmitted light fiber can be divided into two categories, one with a variety of

29、 sig nal light, one can see the gen eral image of our daily light. Since we can express all kinds of in formati on light, the n the fiber can do things way too much. People use to create a wide variety of fiber optic equipment that we collectively are called optical fiber sensors. Fiber optic sensor

30、s can not only transmit information, but also accessto information. Optical fiber sensors can measure temperature, pressure, vibrati on, content, positi on, rotatio n, deformati on, speed, single ring, voltage, electromagnetic fields, etc., are numerous. Although, like fiber optic transmission of li

31、ght signals without charge in too many things, but its manufacture has to much trouble. Optical fiber transmission, as is usually the number one million by the tens of thousands to the integration of very fine fiber bundle, called the image bun dles. It is widely used in en doscopic aspects of the h

32、ealth care in dustry as we know it to be.英文翻译什么叫光纤及光纤应用领域在认识光纤之前，我们先来了解一下光的传播。光是直线传播的，但当光线 照射到某一物质上时便会发生折射和反射。 我们常会见到玻璃和镜子“反光”就 是指光的反射；一半插入水杯中的直棍看起来不再是直的是光的折射造成的假 象。其实，我们之所以能够看到各种物体，那都是光的折射和反射造成的（如果 没有光，我们什么也看不到）。光可以在真空中传播，也可以在某些物质中传播， 这里所说的某些物质，在光学的术语中叫做介质或媒质。 玻璃、石英、空气、水、 透明塑料等等都可以传播光线，它们都是传播光的介质。不

33、同的介质密度是不一 样的，比如我们知道，水的密度要比空气大很多。表面上看起来差不多的物质（如 玻璃和石英），它们的密度也是不一样的。因此，又分“光密介质”和“光疏介质” O当光线从一种介质射入另一种介质时就会发生折射，好像是光线拐弯儿啦。即使是同一物质，也会因某些环境条件而产生密度不同，如某处的空气热（密度 低），某处的空气冷（密度高），光线在穿越冷热空气时也会发生折射（我们熟知 的海市蜃楼就是因这种情况而发生的）。照到介质表面上的光叫入射光，经过介 质折射的光叫折射光。入射光、折射光和介质的界面（两种介质相接的地方）之 间存在着一种相互关系，这就是入射角和折射角。两个角度随着入射光线角度的

34、变化而变化。当光线从光密介质射入光疏介质的角度变化到一定程度时，光就不能再射入另一个介质中了，于是就会产生光的全反射现象。了解了光的传播，我们再来认识光纤。简单的光纤可以就是一根玻璃丝， 根 据不同要求，它可以做得非常细，一般从几微米到几百微米。通常很多光纤都会 在表面加（涂）上一层别的物质，叫包层或涂敷层。这一层物质可以作为光疏媒 质起折射作用，有的还可以增强光纤的柔软性使其可以随意弯曲。 没有涂敷层的 光纤就叫裸纤。裸纤也可以传播光信号（这时光纤和空气就成了两种不的介质）。 根据不同需要，人们在玻璃或石英中可以加入其他化学元素， 可以利用多种复杂 工艺使细细光纤的内部具有复杂的结构。 因此

35、，光纤的品种也是很多的，有的可 以同时传送上千种不同波型的光波， 有的则只能通过单一波型的光线。 光纤的制 作过程比较精细，通常叫做拉丝。光纤通信中用到的光缆是由数十到数百根这样 的光纤集成的，其中每根光纤都可承担起巨大的通讯量。光所以能在光纤中传输，主要是纤芯和包层的共同作用。根据上面讲到的光 折射道理，我们就会明白，光纤的纤芯和它外面的包层肯定是两种密度不同的物 质，而且纤芯的密度应该大于包层。这样，只要一个光线射入的角度合适，那么 这束光线就会在光纤内部不停地进行全反射而传向另一端。实际应用中的光纤，只要不是过分弯曲，进入光纤的光都会在光纤内来回反 射，曲折向前传播，但也会有部分光渗入到

36、包层并在其内传播。 光在光纤中传播 时也会激发出一定的电磁波模式，这种模式同光纤的粗细有关，芯径太细难以形成确定的传输模式，芯径太粗则使传输模式增多，使色散严重，固而光纤的纤 芯不能太粗也不能太细，一般为传输波长的几倍至几十倍。按照光纤中容许传输 的电磁波模式的不同，可以把光纤分为单模光纤和多模光纤。 单模光纤指只能传 输一种电磁波模式，多模光纤指可以传输多个电磁波模式， 实际上单模光纤和多 模光纤之分，也就是纤芯的直径之分。单模光纤细，多模光纤粗。在有线电视网 络中使用的光纤全是单模光纤，其传播特性好，带宽可达10GHZ可以在一根光纤中传输60套PAL D电视节目。我们初步了解了光纤传输光线

37、的原理，那么它又是如何将各种文字、图像、 声音传播的呢？原来，利用电子技术，人们可以将文字、图像、声音等信息转换 成电子信号，使它们统统变成由“ T和“0”组成的数字串，这就是我们现在常 说的“数字技术”。在数字技术里，1和0就表示电路的开和闭，运用到光电技 术里，它们可以实现有光和无光两种状态。于是，人们通过光端机（向光纤中输 入光信号的设备）向光纤发出一连串明暗不同的光信号， 光纤的另一端接收到这 些光信号后，再通过专门的设备把它还原成数字信号，最后再由电视、收音机、 计算机等将数字信号还原成文字、图像、声音等。光纤通信有着无比的优越性，首先是它的容量大得惊人，一根细细的光纤可 以同时传输数万人甚至上亿路电话， 可以传输数千套电视节目，这是其他传输手 段无法比拟的。其次，光纤传输的是光信号，它不受外界电磁场的干扰，也不怕 潮湿、不