高中英语语法省略句

1、。省略句为了使话说得简明扼要， 英语句子中某个单词、 短语甚至从句或主句都可以省去。这种省去句子某些成分而保持句子意思不变的现象，称为省略（ellipsis）种类例句说明Beautifulday(=Itisabeautiful day), isntit?主语的省略Pity we live so far from thesea. (Itis a pitywe liveso farfrom the sea.)有时也可省略整个句子的主语和谓语，只保留次要成分。She was poor but (she was)honest.-Didyouknowanythingabout the accident?

2、-what do you thinkmadeMary soupset?谓语的省略-Losing her new bicycle (madeMary so upset).-Notuntilyou toldme. (=Ididn tknowanythingaboutituntilyoutoldme.)Seen fromtheplane(when itisseen from theplane),the house注意状语从句中的主语状语从句的省略 looks like tiny toys.同主句主语的一致性。If(it is) possible,I llgothere with you.Theboy

3、wanted toridehis若不定式后面是完成时，bicycle in the street, but his省略时应保留 have；不定mother told him notto.(notto式后含有动词 be 的结构ridehisbicycleinthe时，也要保留 be 动词。street.)-Did you tell him the不定式的省略why didn t you come news?-Alice,yesterday?-Iought to have (told-Iwasgoingto(comehimthenews),butIyesterday),butIhadandidn

4、tknowhowtounexpected visitor.speak.精选资料，欢迎下载。-Are you an engineer?-No, but I want to be. 、状语从句中的省略用法一、 如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致， 且从句的谓语含有 be 动词的某种形式（am/is/are/was/were ），可同时省略从句的主语和 be 动词的某种形式。1、 when， while 引导的时间状语从句e.g. Do be careful when (you are) crossing the street.When/While (I was) on my way to work,

5、I met her.2、 if ，unless ， once 引导的条件状语从句e.g. If (it is) properly treated, waste will do no harm to the environment.Illnot go to the party unless (I am) invited.Once (you are) caught stealing in a supermarket, you will be punished.3、 though ，although ， whether ，no matterwhether/what/how/who等引导的让步状语从句

6、e.g. He was happy, though/although (he was) poor.Whether (she is) sick or well, she is always cheerful.No matter how/However hard the task (is), we must fulfill itin time. （注：从句的主语和主句的主语不一致时，只省略从句中的be动词形式）4、 as if，as though引导的方式状语从句e.g. He rubbed his eyes and yawned as if/though (he was) waking up a

7、fter a long sleep.He stood up as if/though (he wanted) to leave.（as if/though+ to do 表示一个将来的动作）精选资料，欢迎下载。二、 than ，as 引导的比较状语从句中的省略用法：当不同的主语进行比较时，一般省略从句中的谓语；当从句中的主语与谓语（be 动词除外）和主句中的主语与谓语相同时，通常省略从句中的主语和谓语，只保留比较部分。e.g. He is taller than his brother (is).Ihave as muchas confidencein you as (Ihave confid

8、ence)in him.三、 以 if从句为代表的状语从句中的特殊省略用法：通常省略了it is，thatis ， there is/are。e.g.If(itis)possible/necessary,thisold temple willbe rebuilt.If (that is) so, I will call you back at 5:00 pm.Thereare onlya few books in our schoollibrary, if (thereare)any. 、定语从句中的省略用法关系词的省略关系代词 that ， which ，whom等在限制性定语从句中充当宾语

9、且不位于介词之后时，可以省略；in which 或 that在先行词 way 后作方式状语从句时可省略。e.g. The man (that/who/whom) you visited last night is my grandpa.I dontlike the way (in which/that) you treat the girl. 、虚拟语气中 if及 should 的省略1、 当条件状语从句中有 were，had，should 等时省略 if ，把它们提至句首，形成倒装句。e.g. If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my st

10、udents.= Were I a teacher, I would be strict with my students.2、 Suggest，insist， order ，require等表示建议、要求、命令的动词后接的精选资料，欢迎下载。从句中，谓语动词常用 “should+ 动词原形 ”， should 可以省略。e.g. The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose weight. 、不定式符号 to 的省略1、 感官动词 see， hear ，feel ，watch 等和使役动词have，make， let等后接不定式作宾语时，

11、不定式省略to 。( 一感 feel,二听 hear, listen to,三让have, let, make,四看 see, look at, observe, watch)2、 do nothing but，canthelp but等结构常接省略to 的不定式。E.g. We didn tdo anything but stay at home watching TV yesterday.Hearing the news, she couldnthelp but cry.3、 在特定语境中为了避免重复，当不定式再次出现时，在want，wish ，hope，try ， plan ， like

12、 ，love ，hate 后往往只保留to ，而省略后面的动词。但不定式后有 be，have 时，也保留 be 和 have。E.g. My parents encouraged me to go to college, but I didntwant to. 、So 和 not 的替代性省略用于避免重复前面所说过的内容， 替代词 so/not 替代肯定或否定的名词性从句。可与 believe ，do，expect ，fear ，guess，hope，say，speak，suppose，think ， I m afraid 等连用e.g.Do you suppose he is going t

13、o attendthe meeting? I suppose not.、日常交际中的省略在情景会话中， 答语常常省略不会引起歧义的主语、谓语或宾语部分，而只保留对方希望了解的内容。在复合句或并列句中，也有省略主、谓、宾的情况。e.g.How many copies do you want?- (I want) Three copies, please.-Have you ever been to the Great Wall? -No, (Ihave) never (been to the Great精选资料，欢迎下载。Wall).随讲随练1、 Lucy ，could you please s

14、pare me a few minutes?_，but I hope a few minutes wont turn into a few hours.A. It doesnt matterB. Thats kind of youC. Im afraid notD. I guess so2、Hey， taxi!_I want to go to the dentists.A. Good morning, sir.B. Nice to see you, sir.C. Where to, sir?D. What are you going to do, sir?3、The doctor expres

15、ses his strong desire that the patient _immediately.A. be operated onB. operated onC. was operated onD. would be operated on4、When he came back, he found the bag he had _ over the seat wasgone.A. left to hangB. left hangingC. lefthungD. to leave hanging5、Liu Xiang spoke slowly to the Special Olympic

16、 competitors so asto have them_.A. understand himB. to be understoodC. be understoodD. to understand him6、Are there any English storybooks for us studentsin the library?精选资料，欢迎下载。There are only a few, _.A. if anyB. if haveC. if someD. if has8、Does Betty know where her violin is?She saw somebodywalki

17、ngoffwith one, but she doesntknow_.A. whoseB. itC. whomD. which9、Arent you the manager?No, and I _.A. dont wantB. dont want toC. dont want to beD. dont10、 How are you getting on with your work?Oh, Im sorry. Things arent going so well as_.A. plansB. planningC. plannedD. to plan11、 Whats the matter wi

18、th you?I didnt pass the test, but I still_.A. hope soB. hope toC. hope itD. hope that12、 The doctor did what he could _ the boy, but in vain.A. saveB. to saveC. savingD. saved13、 You look happy today, Mary.I like my new dress and Mother _, too.A. likesB. doesC. isD. do14、 What happened to the boy? H

19、e was making so much noise.He wanted to play football, but his mother warned him _.A. notB. toC. not toD./精选资料，欢迎下载。15、 _ for your brother, I would not have gone to see Mr. Wang.A. If it is notB. Were it notC. Had it not beenD. If they were not省略句练习1. When first _ to the market, these products enjoy

20、ed great success. (NMET 2004 全国卷 II)A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced2. Itshames meto say it,but I tolda liewhen _ at the meetingby my boss. (NMET 2004全国卷 IV)A. questioningB. having questionedC. questionedD. to be questioned3. The man we followed suddenly stopped and look

21、ed as if _whether he was going in the right direction. (NMET 2003安徽春 )A. seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see4. Generallyspeaking,_ accordingto the directions,the drughas no side effect. (NMET2003上海卷 )A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken5. Unless _ to speak, yo

22、u should remain silent at the conference. (NMET 2003 上海春 )A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited6. When _ , the museum will be open to the public next year. (NMET 2002上海春 )精选资料，欢迎下载。A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed 7. Though _ money, his parents man

23、-aged to send him touniversity. (NMET 2002上海卷 )A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in8. The researchis so designed thatonce _ nothingcan be doneto change it. (NMET 2002)A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun9. You re always working. Come on, lets go shopping. _ you ever want to do

24、is going shopping. (NMET 2002北京、安徽、内蒙古春 )A. Anything B. Something C. All D. That10. Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessnessin his work?(NMET 2002上海春 )A. he explainedB. what he explainedC. how he explainedD. why he explained11. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it.

25、 (NMET 2004湖北卷 )A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which12. It is easy to do the repair. _ you need is a hammer andsome nails. (NMET 2004天津卷 )A. Something B. All C. Both D. Everything13. Thatsan unpleasantthingto say about your fatherafter_hes done for you. (NMET 2004全国卷 )A. some

26、thing B. anything C. all D. that14. As youve never been there before,Illhave someone_ you theway. (MET 1990 上海卷 )A. to show B. show C. showing D. showed精选资料，欢迎下载。15. Ill be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking aftermy cat?Not at all, _ . (NMET 1995)A. I have no time B. Id rather not C. Id

27、 like it D. Id be happyto16.Does your brother intend to study German?Yes, he intends _ . (NMET 1998上海卷 )A. / B. to C. so D. that17.Would you like to go to the Grand Theatre with me tonight? _ . (NMET 1999 上海卷 )A. Yes, Id like to go to the Grand TheatreB. Id like to, but I have an exam tomorrowC. No, I wontD. Thats right18.You should have thanked her before you left.I meant _ , but when I wa