大学英语四级写作

,大学英语四级写作,段落写作,一、段落结构主题句(topicsentence)发展句(developingsentence)结论句(concludingsentence),1、段落的总体结构：,主题句,发展句1,发展句2,发展句3,.,结论句,2、ModelDiligenceisthekeyfactorofsuccess.Diligencegiveseverypersonproperworktodo.Manymenhavebecomegreatbecauseoftheirhardwork.Diligencecanmakeafoolishpersonwiseandapoormanrich.Thus,weknowthatdiligenceisimportanttoourworkandlife.,3、段落的结构特点,一个段落只有一个主题。主题句一般应放在句首。所有的发展句必须服务于段落主题句。如有必要，以结论句重述段落的主题，但在用词上，结论句不宜与主题句重复。,我们作文中段落的结构错误,1.主题句缺失.2.发展句不支持主题句.3.结论句和主题句相同.4.发展句重复.,1.Asamatteroffact,everycoinhastwosides.Forexample,manystudentsareaddictedtoonlinegamesanddontstudyhard.2.Idlikeyoutochoosecomputerscience.Computerissopopularinpresentsociety,youcanfindagoodjobifyoulearnit.Historyisalsoagoodmajor,youwillbecomelearnedifyouchoosehistory.,3.Inmyopinion,Ithinkweshouldsay“thankyou”toourparents,becauseyourparents.SoIthinkweshouldsay“thankyou”toyourparents.4.Thereareatleastthreereasonsforthisphenomenon.Ontheonehand,themaincauseliesinthatsomestudentsareveryshy.Eventhoughtheylovetheirparents,theydontknowhowtoexpress.Ontheotherhand,ourtraditionaleducationmakessomestudentsmoreconservative.,二、段落的写作模式,1、扩张2、收拢3、先扩张后收拢,1、扩张扩张就是演绎（deduction).其写作模式为：（过渡词）发展句1主题句（过渡词）发展句2（过渡词）发展句3,Model1Infact,freshwaterontheglobeisquitelimited.Ontheonehand,thegrowingpopulationandrapiddevelopmentofindustrializationdemandmoreconsumptionoffreshwater.Ontheotherhand,sourcesoffreshwaterarereportedlypollutedduetoinefficientcontrolofindustrialandlifewaste.(199606CET-4),Model2Therearetwokindsoffriendswhomweusuallycomeacross.Oneisgood,andtheotherisbad.Goodfriendswillrenderusassistanceinallaspects.Theywillhelpustodogoodwhilebadfriendswilltemptustodotheopposite.(200101CET-4),2、收拢收拢又叫归纳（induction),其写作模式为：（过渡词）发展句1（过渡词）发展句2（过渡词）结论句（过渡词）发展句3,ModelThesunwasslowlyrisingintheeastandtheairwasfresh.Asthethincloudspreadapart,thesunshonebrighterandbrighter.Everyoneintheparkwasenjoyable.Takinganearlymorningwalkmakesamanhealthy.(198806CET-4),3、先扩张后收拢其段落的写作模式为：（过渡词）发展句主题句（过渡词）发展句结论句（过渡词）发展句,ModelManypeoplebelievethatatestofspokenEnglishisnecessary.ThereasonforthisisthatspokenEnglishisanimportantpartofthelanguage.OnlywhenapersonspeaksfluentEnglishcanhesayhehasagoodcommandoftheEnglishlanguage.Therefore,atestofspokenEnglishshouldbedevisedtoassessonesabilityinspokenEnglish.,三、如何写好主题句,1、四级短文考试中主题句的类型直接给出英语段首句只给出汉语提纲，要求考生根据这些汉语提纲提炼英语的段落主题句,2、如何根据汉语提纲提炼主题句Model1汉语提纲（1）书有很多种而且内容各不相同(2)书是我们的老师(3)然而读坏书也会有害处,Model1英语主题句(1)Therearevariouskindsofbooksandtheircontentsaredifferent.(2)Booksareourteachersandreadingbooksmayenrichourknowledge.(3)Somebadbooks,however,maygivenothinggoodtotheirreaders.,Model2汉语提纲（1）城市绿化的现状（2）绿化的好处（如：清洁空气、美化城市、改善气候等）（3）怎样才能实现绿化,Model2英语主题句(1)Atpresent,peopledonotpayenoughattentiontomakingtheircitiesgreen.(2)Makingcitiesgreenerwillimproveourenvironment.(3)Peopleshouldplantmoretreestomaketheircitiesgreener.,根据汉语提纲提炼主题句的注意事项（1）主题句必须与写作提纲相一致，考生不能随意改变提纲中规定的内涵。（2）在切题的前提下，可对其内涵做出具体的界定，以便于拓展。（3）具体的表述不必过于拘泥于汉语的字面意思，避免中式英语。,我们的问题:,1.作文字数过多.2不完全按照提纲写作.3.中国式英语很普遍.,1.Theinternetcanbeaddictedbyadolescentsorevenadults.Notonlysurfingthenet,butalsoplayingonlinegames.2.Theydontthinkthisbehaves,suchassay”thankyou”toparents,aretheirduty.3.Comparedwithcomputer,thoughthenumberoflearninghistoryisfew,sothecompetitionisnotintense.Itismoredifficulttofindjob.,4.Nothingandnowherecanwithoutthem.5.Internethasgoodandbad.6.weuseitwhereverandwhenever.7.Ireadoveryourletter.8.saying“thankyou”toparentsisnthaveto.9.Saythankyouasifmakerelationshipbecomefarther.,练习：根据汉语提纲提炼主题句练习1（1）失败是常有的事（2）人们对失败有各种不同的态度（3）我对失败的态度,练习2（1）为什么自行车在中国这样普及？（2）和汽车的比较（3）自行车在中国的前途,四、如何写好发展句,1、举例法2、因果法3、比较法4、定义法5、描写法,1、举例法所谓举例法就是通过举例来扩展段落的写作方法。这种方法用具体的事例来阐述主题的支配思想。展开支配思想所包括但尚未展开的内涵。,ModelBooksareofvariouskindsanddifferentcontents.Wehavehistorybooksrecordingpastevents,geographybooksdealingwiththeearth,mathematicsbooksfocusingonspaceandnumbers,languagebooksstudyingthemeansofcommunication,andliterarybooksreflectingsocialproblems.Inaword,wehavevariousbooksdealingwithdifferentthingsintheworld,使用举例法时所需注意的问题1）根据支配思想的要求，选择最贴切、最生动和最易于表达的例子。2）一般说来，一段文章举两到三个例子较为合适。3）举出若干实例来论述主题句的支配思想后，可用结论句概括实例所解释的主题。,DonthesitatetosayNoCET-4199901(别人请帮助时，在什么情况下我们会说不）Asageneralrule,peopleliketohelpothers,butthereareoccasionswhenyoushouldsaynotorequestforfavors.Forinstance,itisbettertorefusewhenachildasksyoufortoomuchsweetfoodortoomanytoys.Anotherexampleiswhenarelativeasksyoutouseyourinfluencetogethimorherabankloanoraworkpromotionheorshecantacquireinanormalway.,练习1：用举例法将下列主题句扩展成40-50词的段落1)Withpopulationincreasing,aseriesofproblemshavecomeup.2)Travelhasnumerousadvantages.,2、因果法在说明文和议论文中，因果法是扩展段落最常用的方法之一。在使用这一方法时，既可在主题句中先给出结果(effect)，然后在发展句中陈述造成这个结果的原因(cause)；也可先在主题句中给出原因，再给出结果。,Modeleffect-causeDiligenceisthekeyfactorofsuccess.Why?Diligencegiveseverypersonproperworktodo.Manymenhavebecomegreatbecauseoftheirhardwork.Diligencecanmakeafoolishpersonwiseandapoormanrich.Thus,weknowthatdiligenceisimportanttoourworkandlife.,因果法在四级短文中的具体运用1）在四级写作中，先说结果而后讲原因的段落更为常见，是考生尤其需要强化练习的内容。2）有些段落主题句比较含蓄（不直接），但暗示或预示下面要写原因。对此，考生要仔细分析判断。,Exercise:Givereasonstoclarifythefollowing2topicsentencesandwriteashortpassageof40-50wordsabouteachone.Nowpeopleareabletopaymoreattentiontothefoodtheyeat.Studentsshouldnotbegiventoomanyexaminations.,3、比较法在写作中，为使自己的观点具有说服力，作者往往采用比较的方法来阐述观点或说明问题。严格地讲，比较法可分为比较和对比两种方法。比较指比较不同的人、事物或观点的共性。对比恰相反，对比的是不同之处。在实际写作中，这两种方法常可以一起使用，既比较相同点又对比不同点，以使问文章更有说服力。,Model:Ihavetwogoodfriends.Theyarequitedifferentincharacterandyethavesomethingincommon.Oneofthemisajollyfellowandfondofcompany,andtheotherisaquietandratherunsociableperson.Thejollyonelikesallkindsofgames.Heisclever,butdoesnotcaremuchforbooks.Theotherone,however,likesbeingaloneandlovesreading.Theyarebothfineandunselfishfellows,.Ilikethemboth.,比较法在写作中的具体运用1）先全面阐述一个人或事物的各种特点，再描述另一个人或事物的特点，以便于比较或对比。2）同时对两个人或事物的特点进行逐一的比较和对比。,分别比较：Catsmakebetterpetsthandogs.Dogsaremessy,anddonotcleanthemselvesup.Theyeattoomuchfood,requiringtoomuchcare.Besides,dogsjumpuponpeople,andknockoverfurniture.Cats,however,arecleanandtidy.Theyeatsparingly,andtakecareofthemselves.Catsareusuallywell-manneredpets,逐一比较：Catsmakebetterpetsthandogs.Dogsaremessy,anddonotcleanthemselvesup.Cats,ontheotherhand,arecleanandtidy.Dogseattoomuchfood,requiringtoomuchcare.Cats,however,eatsparingly,andtakecareofthemselves.Dogsjumpuponpeople,andknockoverfurniture.Butcatsareusuallywell-manneredpets.,小结：在写作考试中，如果比较的内容比较单纯或集中，可以用分别比较法。如果比较的内容过于庞杂，则最好用逐一比较法。,练习：用比较法拓展下列主题句1）Comparedwithcars,bicycleshavemanyadvantages.2)Citylifeisquitedifferentfromcountrylife.,4、定义法定义法主要是用一个段落来解释和说明主题句中的某个概念，或者某人、某事的内涵。,Model:Generationgapreferstothedistanceandcontradictionbetweentheoldandtheyoung.Itisacommonphenomenonthatexistseverywhereintheworldandinfluencesboththeoldandtheyoung.Generallyspeaking,generationgapresultsindifferentunderstandingandappreciationofthegreatandconstantchangesoftheworld,differentreactiontonewthings,anddifferentattitudestotraditionalprinciplesandbelief.,定义法在写作中的具体运用：在使用定义法扩展段落时，要注意从不同角度对主题句提出的概念加以阐述和说明，以使相关概念得到充分的说明。,5、描述法1）按时间顺序描述2）按空间顺序描述,Model1timesequenceTherocketexperimentsbeganduringWorldWar,whentheGermansdevelopedadvancedrockets.Afterthewar,sovietscientistscontinuedrocketexperiments.In1957,theysurprisestheworldbyputtingasatelliteintoorbitaroundtheearth.Americanscientistsquicklyjoinedtheracetodevelopmissilesandtoexplorespace.,Model2spacesequenceMyhometownisbothbeautifulandattractive.Thetownisdividedintotwopartsbyariver.Thereisabridgeacrosstheriverandthisistheonlywaypeoplecangetfromoneparttotheother.Onthesideoftheriveristheoldcity;andontheotheranewcitywhichIthinkwouldinthefutureattracttourists.Theriverisquitebroad,五、段落的连贯性,连贯性(coherence)所谓连贯性，指从一个思想顺利自然过渡到另一个思想。为达此目的，我们在写作中常需使用过渡词（即能起过渡作用的连词、副词或短语）,过渡词或短语1、表达时间的过渡词atpresent,atthesametime,currently,inthemeantime,lately,recently,since,soonafter.,Model(Atpresent,Currently,Today,Recently,Lately)moreandmorepeoplearerealizingtheimportanceofprotectingourenvironment.(Meanwhile,Inthemeantime)studentsshouldhavemorefreetimeforreadingwhattheyliketoread,2、表达次序的过渡词Firstofall,FirstSecond.Third,Firstly.Secondly.Thirdly,TobeginwithNext.Finally,.Mostimportantofall,Lastbutnotleast,ModelOurstandardoflivingtodayismuchhigherthanitwasbefore.Butthisdoesnotmeanthatthespiritualqualityofourlifehasalsoimproved.Whatshouldwedo?First,Second.third.Lastbutnotleast.,3、表达原因、理由和结果的过渡词because,becauseof,dueto,forthisreason,inthisway,therefore.,consequently,asaresult,asaconsequence,ModelOurstandardoflivingtodayismuchhigherthanitwasbefore.Asaresult,moreandmorepeoplecanaffordtheirownhousesandcars.,4、表达比较或对比的过渡词Conversely,despite,inspiteof,onthecontrary,ontheonehand,ontheotherhand,foronething,.Foranother,similarly,Model1.Ifwelackedfreedom,peoplecouldnotsaywhattheyfelt.Ontheotherhand(conversely).2.Jonescasewasdismissed.Similarly,sowerethechargesagainstSmith.,5、表达进一步说明或强调的过渡词besides,furthermore,inaddition,inparticular,moreover,whatismore.Model:Nowitistimetobecomeconcernedaboutthefutureofours.Inparticular,wemustpayenoughattentiontotheproblemofpollution.,6、表达总结、结论的过渡词Ashasbeennoted,asIhavesaid,inconclusion,inshort,insummary,tosumupModel：Inconclusion,letusencouragetheexchangeofideasandopinionsbymeansofdebates.AsIhavesaid,countrylifeismorebeneficialthancitylife.,7、文章开头常用的过渡词Astheproverbgoes,Everybodyknowsthat,Generallyspeaking,Itisknowntousthat,Itistruethat,Thereisnodoubtthat,六、段落之间的逻辑关系,1、两点论两点论就是一一分为二的观点来论述一个事物。要求考生写出两点论的文章是国内外许多写作考试的一个重要命题特点，四级考试也不例外，两点论的写作贯穿于四级考试的全过程。,Model1199806CET-41)有人认为某些数字会带来好运2）也有人认为数字和运气无关3）你的看法,Model2199906CET-41）有人认为读书要有选择2）有人认为应当博览群书3）你的看法,Model3200006CET-41）很多人认为有必要举行英语口语考试，理由是2）也有人持不同意见3）你的看法和打算,2、因果论前一段论述一个事物的重要性、必要性、方便性、可能性、优越性、严重性等，而后一段得出应如何去做的结论。,Model1199001CET-4Eversinceearlythiscentury,electricityhasbecomeanessentialpartofourmodernlife.IftherewerenoelectricpowerTherefore,Model2199606CET-41）人们以为淡水是取之不尽的（提示：雨水、河水、井水）2）实际上淡水是非常紧缺的（提示：人口增加、工业用水增加、污染）3）我们应该怎么办,短文写作一、考试命题与评判标准,1考试要求（time:30minuteswords:120words)2测试形式1）英文段首句作文：1.1)试题中给出完整的英文段首句。1.2)试题中给出不完整的英文段首句。e.g.Electricityhasbecomeanessentialpartofmodernlife.Iftherewerenoelectricpower,_2)汉语提纲作文3英语提纲作文,3）图表作文3.1)试题中给出图表和英语写作提纲199106CET-4ChangesinpeoplesDietStatethechangesinpeoplesdietinthepastfiveyears.Givepossiblereasonsforthechanges.DrawyourownconclusionsYoushouldquoteasfewfiguresaspossible.,3.2)试题中给出图表和汉语写作提纲4）书信作文4.1）试题中给出写作提纲（包括写信日期、称呼和签名部分等）如：200106CET-4Alettertoschoolmate（1）表示欢迎（2）提出对度假安排的建议（3）提醒应注意的事项,June23rd,2001DearXiaoWang,_YoursZhangYing,2)试题中规定情景200201AlettertotheUniversityPresidentabouttheCanteenServiceoncampus假如你是黎明，请你就本食堂的状况给校长写一封信，内容应涉及食堂的饭菜质量、价格、环境、服务等，可以是表扬，可以是批评建议，也可兼而有之。,二、写作文体1987-2010CET-4测试过的文体记叙文：1198806应用文：6200106；200201说明文：2199506；200101议论文；28其余,三、短文结构,短文的基本结构和各段的大体写作内容列表如下：,1、列举事实、说明现状/正面论述,Itiswellknowntousthatmodernscienceplaysanincreasinglyimportantroleinourlife.Asisknowntous,theproblemofhumanpopulationhaslongbeenasubjectofdiscussionamongthepeoplesofvariouscountriesoftheworld.Weshouldntignorethefactmanycitiesareconfrontedwiththeproblemofheavytraffic.,Nowadays,withtherapiddevelopmentofeconomy,thegovernmentattachesgreatimportancetoenvironmentalprotection.Itgoeswithoutsayingthatafirmresolutionisthemostimportantelementofsuccess.,6.Iwishtoapplyforadmissiontoyourdepartmentasagraduatestudent.(usedforaletter)Havingheardthatyouneedanengineer,Iventuretosubmitmyresumeforyourreference.Fromthegraphlistedabove,itcanbeseenthatthepopulationinthissmalltownhasincreasedfrom30,000to50,000.Asregardshappiness,differentpeoplehavedifferentopinionsonthisissue.Somepeoplebelievethat,10Asapopularproverbgoeswell:“Timeismoney”.Thissayingisindeedfulloftruth.,2.分析事实、说明原因/反面论述,Therearetwochiefreasonsforthegreatchangesinpeoplesdietinthepastdecade.Therearethreereasons,Ithink,forthegrowingnumberofadsonTV.Ontheotherhand,wehavegoodreasontobelievethatchallengemeansnotonlyhardship,butalsoopportunity.However,therearesomepeoplewhothinkatestofspokenEnglishisnotabsolutelynecessaryforthenon-Englishmajorstudentsatall.,Unfortunately,however,theseenergyresourcesarebeinguseduprapidly.Othersstronglyarguethatitiswisetoreadextensively,anditisoneofthebestwaystokeepuswell-informedaboutwhatisgoingonathomeandabroad.7.However,everythinghasitstwosides.Watercanalsobeharmfulorevendestructivetohumanbeings.,8.However,noonecandenythefactinbigcitiesthehousingproblemisnotasseriousasitisusedtobe.Nomatterwhereyougo,youmayfindmanynewbuildings,someofwhicharehighblocksofflats.,9.Comparedwithnewspapers,TVprovidesuswithnewsmorequicklyandmorevividly.10.Nevertheless,thecomputerwillneverreplacemanbecauseithasnointelligenceofitsown.,3、看法、结论/办法、措施,Personally,Ithinkplanes,themodernmeansoftransportation,havemoreadvantages,anditismoreconvenientforustotravelbyplane.Inmyopinion,thepriceofanewflatissohighthatmostpeoplecannotaffordit.Evenifyouwanttobuyatwo-roomflat,probablyyoullhavetoapplyforabankloan.3.Fromwhathasbeenmentionedabove,wecancometotheconclusionthatexaminationisnecessary,however,itsmethodshouldbeimproved.,4.Inconclusion,healthismoreimportantthanwealth.Thosewhoarerichbutlosetheirhealtharenomorefortunatethanthosewhoarepoor.5.Inaword,thereisnotimetobelostinsolvingtheproblemofairpollution.Wemusttakesomeimmediateandeffectivemeasurestocontrolit.6.AsfarasIamconcerned,Iprefertoenjoythecityliferatherthanliveinthecountry.,四、写作要点,短文写作包括审题、构思、动笔成文和检查修改四个写作步骤。1、审题；通过对试题的分析，理解题意，明确写作的要求和范围，确定写作的文体、文章的主题以及各个段落的中心思想。,2、构思根据题意组织思路、构想文章的表达内容和表达层次。Example:Familyhasagreatinfluenceonourpersonaldevelopment.,Poorstudent:Familyhasagreatinfluenceonourpersonaldevelopment.Ifweliveinahappyfamily,wewillbehappy.Ifweliveinanunhappyfamily,wewillbeunhappy.Ifwearenotlovedinourfamilywewillnotloveotherpeople.,Topstudent:Familyhasagreatinfluenceonourpersonaldevelopment.Ifweliveinahappyfamily,wetendtobecheerfulandoptimistic.However,ifwearebroughtupinanunhappyfamily,wemaygrowupmiserableandpessimistic.Mostimportantofall,ifwearenotlovedinourfamily,wecannotlearnhowtoloveothers.,2.构思方法,（1）怎样组织思路1、确定文章的段落和段落中心思想2、继而斟酌如何提炼段落主题句3、再具体考虑发展句的表达内容和表达层次为防止写作时遗忘，我们最好将组织好的思路简要记下来（可简写几个主要句子，也可以记下几个关键词和过渡词）,举例说明：试题：Energy1）我国有丰富的能源2）然而并非用之不竭3）我们应该怎么办,1）主题句：Chinaisrichinenergyresources.发展句:coal,oil(oilfield),powerplants主题句：However,theseenergyresourcesarebeingusedup.(areabouttorunout)发展句:runfactories,carsandtrains;heatourhomes主题句:Thegovernmentmusttakesomeactions.发展句:foronething,saveenergy;foranother,developalternatives,Chinaisrichinvariousenergyresources.Tobeginwith,coal,anabundantsourceofenergy,canbefoundinmanyprovinces.Next,Chinaalsohasmanylargeoilfields,andusuallynaturalgasaccompanies,oilproduction.Inaddition,somelargepowerplantshavebeenbuiltonthefastriverssinceliberation.However,theseenergyresourcesarebeinguseduprapidly.Thereasonforthisisnotfartoseek.Weuseenergytorunourfactories,runourcarsandtrains,andheatourhomes.Inaword,wehaveagreatneedforenergybecauseoftherapiddevelopmentofourcountryseconomy.Toavoidanenergycrisisinthefuture,thegovernmentmusttakesomeactions.Foronething,factoriesandindividualsshouldbeencouragedtosaveenergy.Foranother,scientistsshouldbeencouragedtodevelopalternativestothepresentsourcesofenergy.,(3)怎样构思发展句的结构在能够正确表达思想的前提下，应避免千篇一律简单句，办法是将这些简单句做适当的组合或调整。Nowadays,supermarketscanbeseeneverywhere.Thesupermarketsplayanimportantroleinourlife.Nowadays,supermarketscanbeseeneverywhere,andtheyplayanimportantroleinourlife.Asisknowntous,supermarketsareplayinganimportantroleinourlife.,Theplaneisamodernmeansoftransportation.Ithasmanyadvantages.Itsconvenientforustotravelbyplane.Wecannotdenythefactthattheplane,amodernmeansoftransportation,hasmoreadvantagesthandisadvantages,anditisconvenientforustotravelbyplane.,（4）怎样拓宽思路在论述一个问题时，通常既可以从几个大的方面构思，也可以从一个大的方面的几个细微层次构思。一般说来，从大的方面写比较容易，从细微的层次写比较困难，即粗线条论述容易，细线条论述难。考生应根据自己的表达能力和试题的具体要求来确定构思的方向和内容。,OnConfidenceWecanaccomplishnothingifwehavenoconfidence.Withoutconfidence,astudentmayfailtopassanimportanttest,asurgeonmayfailtoperformadifficultoperation,andascientistmayfailtoachievegreatsuccessinhisresearchwork.Therefore,whateverwedo,weshoulddoitwithconfidence.,OnConfidence2)Wecanaccomplishnothingifwehavenoconfidence.Withoutconfidence,wecannotmakemuchprogressinourstudies,wecannothaveagoodcommandoftheEnglishlanguage,andwecannotconquervariousdifficultiesthatwearelikelytobeconfrontedwith.Therefore,itcanbesaidthatconfidenceisoneofthemostimportantqualitiesthatweshouldpossess.,大学英语四、六级考试作文评分标准,1评分原则：总体评分2评分标准：满分15分14分切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性好。基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。11分切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯。但有少量语言错误。,8分基本切题。有些地方思想表达不够清楚，文字勉强连贯。语言错误较多，其中有一些是严重错误。5分基本切题。表达思想不清楚，连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。2分条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，多为严重错误。,如作文与题目毫不相关，或只有几个孤立的词而无法表达思想，给0分；如作文的字数不够，酌情扣1-9分；字数过多也会酌情扣分,如作文的字数写够而段落不够，只能给0-9分。写作成绩如达不到6分，则采用倒扣分的办法。,3.表达3.1存在的问题1）语言错误2分作文AtestofspokenEnglishwillbeincludedasanoptionalcomponentoftheCollegeEnglishTest.LearnEnglishshouldwritingandspeaking.Theyallimportant.GoodSpokenEnglishcancommunationwithsomebody.Ifwedontspeaking,itisfail.SosomeonethinkspokenEnglishshouldincludedasanoptionalcomponentoftheEnglishTest.,5分作文AtestofspokenEnglishwillbeincludedasanoptionalcomponentoftheCollegeEnglishTest.Manypeoplethinkitisimportant.AsEnglishisalanguage,spokenEnglishisaimportantpartforlearningEnglishpeople.IfpeopledoesntspeakEnglish,hemustcanttalkwithpeoplethatarefromothercountry.,8分作文AtestofspokenEnglishwillbeincludedasanoptionalcomponentoftheCollegeEnglishTest.ManypeoplebelievethatatestofspokenEnglishisnecessary.Theyhavesomereasons.Thefirst,ourcountryhavemadeatighttieswiththeworld.Itneedsnotonlyreadandwritebutalsospeak.Secondly,iflanguageisnotspoken,thatisnottruelanguage.,14分作文AtestofspokenEnglishwillbeincludedasanoptionalcomponentoftheCollegeEnglishTest.ManypeoplebelievethatatestofspokenEnglishisnecessarybecausespokenEnglishisanimportantpartofthelanguage.OnlywhenapersonspeaksfluentEnglishcanhesayhehasagoodcommandoftheEnglish.Therefore,atestofspokenEnglishshouldbedevisedtoassessonesabilityinspokenEnglish.,2)ChineseEnglishSomefilmsareshowninTV.Letscomparebikewithcar.Womenarehalfsidesky.Wedohomeworkalsodependonelectricity.Mani