高考英语短文填单词抓分练习（10）.doc

2014高考英语短文填单词抓分练习（10）及答案阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。 （1）an apprenticeship is a form of on-the-job training that combines workplace experience and classroom learning. it can last anywhere from one to six years, but four years is typical for most. an apprentice spends the majority of the time in a workplace environment learning the practical skills of a career from a journeyman-someone who has done the job for many years. the rest of the apprentices time is spent in a classroom environment learning the theoretical skills the career requires. being an apprentice is a full-time undertaking. one of the advantages of apprenticeship is that it does not cost apprentices anything. the companies that hire them pay for school. whats more, it offers apprentices an earn while you learn opportunity. they usually start out at half the pay of a journeyman, and the pay increases gradually as they move further along in the job and studies. near the end of the apprenticeship, their wages are usually 90 percent of what a journeyman would receive. apprenticeship also pays off for employers. it can offer employers a pool of well-trained workers to draw from. despite the advantages, apprentices are usually required to work during the day and attend classes at night, which leaves little time for anything else. sometimes, they might be laid off (下岗) if business for the employers is slow. once they have completed the apprenticeship and become journeymen, they receive a nationally recognized and portable certification and their pay also increases again. some journeymen continue employment with the companies they apprenticed with; others go onto different companies or become self-employed contractors.title:(1) _definitionon-the-job training combining workplace experience and classroom (2)_the (3)_ of the time in a workplace: learning the practical skillsthe rest of the time in a classroom: learning the (4)_ skills.advantagescosting apprentices nothing offering apprentices money-making opportunitieshalf the pay of a journeyman at the (5)_ gradually increasing pay in the process90% of a (6)_wages near the end offering employers many (7)_ workersdisadvantageslittle time for anything elsethe possibility of being (8)_ off(9)_a formal certificationanother (10)_ increasefree choices of jobs 参考答案（1）1. apprenticeship2. learning 3. majority 4. theoretical 5. beginning6. journeymans 7. well-trained 8. laid 9. results 10. pay 任务型阅读-a (江苏省2012届高三百校大联考一模试题)(结构清晰，层次分明，为任务型阅读常见形式）what should you do when an earthquake hits?if you find the ground shaking beneath your feet，theres an international consensus on how you should act. earthquake safety boils down to tht-ee basic steps： 1 . drop to the ground. 2. take cover by getting under a sturdy deck or table. 3: hold on to it until the shaking stops. if there isnt a table or desk near you，drop to the ground in an inside corner of the building and cover your head and neck with your hands and arms. do not try to run to another room just to get under a table.if you are in bed，hold on and stay there，protecting your head with a pillow. you are less likely to be injured staying where you are: broken glass on the floor has caused injury to those who have rolled to the floor or tried to get to doorways.if you are outdoors，move to a clear area if you can safely do so；avoid power lines，trees，signs, buildings，vehicles, and other hazards: if youre at the movies ox a sports game，stay at your seat and protect your head and neck with your arms. dont try to leave until the shaking is over, then walk out slowly watching for anything that could fall in the aftershocks.if youre driving a car，pull over to the side of the road，stop，and set the parking brake. avoid overpasses, bridges, power lines，signs and other hazards. stay inside the vehicle until the shaking is over: if a power line falls on the car，stay inside until a trained person removes the wire.if youre by the shore，drop，cover and hold on until the shaking stops. estimate how long the shaking lasts. if severe shaking lasts 20 seconds or more, immediately evacuate to high ground as a tsunami(海啸）might have been generated by the earthquake: 1vlove inland 3 kilometers（2 miles）or to land that is at least 30 meters（100 feet) above sea level immediately. dont wait for officials to issue a warning. walk quickly，rather than drive，to avoid trafficdebris and other hazards if you live downstream for a dam，you should know flood-zone information and have prepared an evacuation plan. latastrophie failure is unlikely，but dams can fail during major earthquakes.the main point is to try not to move and to immediately protect yourself as best as possible where you are. earthquakes occur without any warning and may be so violent that you cannot run or crawl；you therefore will most likely be knocked to the ground where you happen to be. you will never know if the initial jolt will turn out to be start of the big one in addition，studies of injuries and deaths caused by earthquakes in the us over the last several decades indicate you are much more likely to be injured by falling or flying objects（tvs，lamps，glass，book cases，etc.）than to die in a collapsed building. drop，cover，and hold on offers the best overall level of protection theme:71_ to be taken during an earthquake: drop,cover and hold onwhen you are indoors get under a desk/table or drop to the ground in an inside comer with your head 72._ with your hands and arms. dont move to other places, 73._ you might get injured by broken glass.when you are outdoors moving to a clear area and 74._ staying near power lines are recommended. you are 75._ not to leave until the shaking is over.when you are driving you should 76._ over to the roadside and keep away from dangerous places like overpasses , bridges or power lines.when you are by the shore you should walk inland to a higher place to 77._ from a possible tsunami. when you live downstream you should 78._ a plan for necessary evacuation if you live downstream from a dam.conclusion: you should stay 79._ you are and protect yourself in an earthquake, because you are 80._ likely to die in a collapsed building than to be injured by falling or flying objects.【解析】71. measures/steps/action根据文章第一段中的on how you should act可以推知是在地震发生时应该采取的措施，因此用take measures/steps或take action。72. covered根据文章第二段中的cover your head and neck with your hands and arms可知是用手和臂膀来遮住头部，句中使用动词的过去分词表示被动。73. or/otherwise/since根据文章第三段内容可知转移到其他地方的危险可能是被碎玻璃刺伤，因此用otherwise或or来连接前后两个句子，表示假设，或用since连接，表示原因。74, avoiding/not和前面的moving to a clear area两个并列的动名词短语作句子的主语。75. supposed/expected表示“不应该”的意思时，应该使用be supposed/expected not too76. pull根据文章第五段中的pull over to the side of the road可知。77. escape根据文章第六段内容可以推知应该步行逃离(escape)该区域。 78. prepare根据文章第七段中的have prepared an evacuation plan可以推知。79. where全文都说应该呆在原处，因此说stay where you are。80。 less根据文章最后一段的内容可以推知两者之间的关系。 (201*年高考英语专题训练）（教育是学生及家长经常面对的问题）the chinese are very generous when it comes to educating their children. some parents send their children to the best schools or even abroad to england, the us or australia, regardless of how much this costs. many also want their children to take extra-curriculum activities where they either learn a musical instrument or ballet, or other classes that will give them a head start in life. the chinese believe that the more expensive an education is, the better it is, so parents often spend unreasonable amount of money on education. even poor couples buy a computer for their son or daughter.however, what most parents fail to see is that the best education they can give their children is usually very cheap. parents can see that their childrens skills vary; they will usually be skilled in some areas while poor in others. what most parents fail to realize though, is that todays children lack self-respect and self-confidence.the problem is that parents are only educating their children on how to take multiple-choice tests and how to study effectively. they are not teaching them the most important skills they need to be confident, happy and clever.parents can help achieve this by teaching their children practical skills like cooking, sewing and other housework.teaching a child to cook will improve many of the skills that he will need later in life. cooking demands patience and time. it is an enjoyable but difficult experience. a good cook always tries to improve his cooking, so he will learn to work hard and gradually finish his job successfully. the result, a well-cooked dinner, will give a child a lot of satisfaction and confidence.an old machine such as a broken radio or tv set that you give your child as a toy may make him curious and arouse his interest. if he will spend hours looking at it, and try to mend it; your child might become an engineer when he grows up. such activities do more than teach a child to read a book; but rather they teach them to think, and to use their minds. this is much more important than learning by reading a book.titlehow chinese parents should (1) _ their childrencommon practicebeing (2) _ with money when it comes to education.sending them to the best schools or (3) _ taking extra-curriculum activities so as to (4) _ a head start in life.spending more money than they can (5) _ on education.bad resultschildrens lacking in self-respect and self-confidencesuggested (6) _teaching their children practical skills, which are of the greatest(7) _cooking.sewing.other housework.(8) _ a broken radio or tv.(9) _ resultsto make the children hardworking and confident.to enable them to (10) _ and to use their minds.【解析】1. educate 根据第一段第一句话the chinese are very generous when it comes to educating their children. 此处情态动词后应用动词原形educate.generous 根据此句 regardless of how much this costs可以看出来家长对孩子的教育是generous慷慨大方的。abroad 根据此句some parents send their children to the best schools or even abroad to england，直接提到abroad。 4. have/ get/ enjoy 根据此句or other classes that will give them a head start in life对于孩子们来说是“得到”一个好的开始。5. afford 根据此句even poor couples buy a computer for their son or daughter可以看出一些父母所花在孩子教育上的钱是他们所承受不起的，所以用afford 这个词。6. methods/ ways/ measures 根据下面几段内容看出应该是作者所建议的教育孩子的方法途径。7. importance 根据最后一句话this is much more important than learning by reading a book.可以看出这些使用性的技能很重要。此处主要词性的变化，在短语be of great .结构中应该用抽象名词。8. fixing/ mending/ repairing 根据此句if he will spend hours looking at it, and try to mend it 此处根据表格上下一致以及内容上看应该用动名词形式。 9. good 根据最后两段内容看出是带来的“好结果”10. think 根据此句but rather they teach them to think, and to use their minds直接在原文中找出。many people need guidance in choosing a career (职业). fortunately, there is much information on the web about job opportunities (机会). with all the information available, its not surprising that people can feel confused. so if youre ready to start your first job or change careers, where do you begin? the occupation handbook is a good resource. regularly updated, the handbook is available as a book and on-line. not only is information provided about the united states as a whole, but readers can easily search for information about their particular state. you can read about the fastest-growing occupations in the area where you live and find out what they are like. you can also learn how to apply for jobs. take, for example, nadias situation. nadia was a doctors assistant in iran, and her goal in the united states is to become a nurse. however, she needs to work while she is studying nursing. she is interested in becoming a medical assistant to help work her way through college. when going on-line to the handbook and searching under medical assistant, nadia is happy to read that this is expected to be one of the fastest-growing careers through 2010. besides, job opportunities are even better for people with experience. she discovers that medical assistants not only have to do some office work, but have medical responsibilities as well. nadia decides this job will be interesting and will also provide excellent experience for her nursing career. the occupation handbook is just an example of websites that can help you plan a new career. when you have found information about some different careers, you will be ready to talk to career advisers. choosing your future career is an extremely important decision. its worth taking the time and finding as much information as you can.title finding information on the (1)_ for tomorrows jobintroductionthere is a lot of job information on-line, but too much of it may sometimes be (2)_facts of the handbookthe information is updated in a (3)_ manner.its vast resources include ways of job (4)_nadias (5)_she wants to become a nurse in the united states.she needs to work to make (6)_ for her college study.her previous(7)_ may help her to get the job.if shes a medical assistant, shell also take medical (8)_conclusionfind some information on-line before (9)_ career advisers.the time you spend and the efforts you make will be (10)_ 参考答案1. web/website/net/internet 2. confusing 3. regular 4. application 5. situation 6. money 7. experience 8. responsibilities 9. consulting/asking 10. worthwhile 任务型阅读（3）及答案1请认真阅读下列短文，并根据短文的内容要点完成文章后的表格。注意：补全填空应符合语法和搭配要求，每空只填一个单词。 when it comes to the world of computers, green computing is becoming one of the most popular trends. but, what is exactly is green computing? the term “green computing” is one that is being used in many different markets and areas all over the world in todays global technology. yet, many computer users out there arent sure what it means. green computing is actually pretty easy to explain and to do-it is basically learning to use computer resources more efficiently to help the environment as well as making energy savings. the main goal of a green computing program is to reduce the use of energy and materials that harm the environment. green computing helps to promote the use of biodegradable products and recycle computer parts whenever possible. green computing started as early as 1992, when the epa created energy star, which is a voluntary labeling program that promotes energy efficient computing equipment and technologies. it was because of this program that many computer manufacturers launched sleep mode and millions of computer users around the world began to adopt this policy to help save energy when they were not using their computers. the term “green computing” began to be used around the same time as well, and began to become a goal that more companies strive to meet over the years. there are several government agencies that have continued to help strive for better standards for computers and companies to help promote green promoting. energy star was actually revised in october of 2006 to make the requirements stricter for computers，and also implemented a ranking system for products. because of these new requirements, there are over 20 states that have now established a special recycling program for old computers and electronics to help with green computing. many of todays it systems are beginning to rely on both people and hardware to help push their computer systems toward a more green computing system to help both the company and others. this is a hard balance to achieve, as it has to satisfy users, management, and regulatory compliance(顺从). even the disposal of computer waste is