高考英语 阅读理解冲刺训练（6）.doc

2013高考英语（阅读理解）冲刺训练（6） 及答案解析 (第*篇)thursday, july 9 ( healthday news) a new study that found that a lowercalorie diet slowed the aging process in monkeys could be the best proof yet that restricted diets might do the same for humans.“the big question in aging research is, will caloric restriction in species closely related to humans slow aging？” said richard weindruch, senior author of a paper appearing in the july 10 issue of science.this is the first clear demonstration that, in a primate species, we re inducing a slowdown of the aging process showing increased survival, resistance to disease, less brain atrophy and less muscle loss.“this predicts humans would respond similarly，” added weindruch, professor of medicine at the university of wisconsin and an investigator at the veterans hospital in madison. another expert noted that, despite some highly publicized studies in certain species, the link between restricted eating and longer lifespan has been far from proven.“the idea that dietary restriction extends lifespan in all species is not true. many strains of rats and mice do not respond. in some strains, it s actually deleterious，” explained felipe sierra, director of the biology of aging program at the us national institute on aging (nia), which supported the new study. “the fact that it doesnt work in some mice but it does seem to work in monkeys is surprising and it gives us hope.”but there s a larger question: how to change humans increasingly lax eating habits. “this_finding_doesnt_give_me_hope_that_humans_are_going_to_go_into_dietary_restriction，” added marianne grant, a registered dietitian at texas a&m health science center coastal bend health education center in corpus christi.语篇解读这是一篇新闻报道，研究人员通过对动物的研究证明低热量的饮食可能会延长人的寿命。1the underlined word “restricted” means“_”a. limited b. satisfiedc. reserved d. fascinated解析词义猜测题。根据第一段可知，低热量的饮食可以延长猴子的寿命，这一试验证明有节制的饮食可能同样会延长人的寿命。答案a2which of the following statements about weindruch is true?a. this experiment indicates restricted diets could extend humans lifespan.b. adequate sleep is another way to reduce the speed of aging process.c. the experiment was a failure in some species such as mice.d. the experiment which had been tested on humans got a great success.解析细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话可知答案为a。答案a3according to felipe sierra s idea, we know that_.a. the restricted diets experiment really had no distinct effect on rats and miceb. humans are finding new ways to slowdown the aging process of all the speciesc. the experiment is unnecessary to be carried on because of the response of the miced. the experiment confirmed that restricted diets extend lifespan in all species解析细节理解题。从第四段的第二句“many strains of rats and mice do not respond.”可知答案。答案a4it can be inferred from the underlined sentence that _.a. the result of the experiment shows that humans are not pigging out nowadaysb. nowadays humans are turning unhealthy diets into lowercalorie dietsc. how to change humans careless eating habits is a long way to god. the experiment changed humans increasingly careless eating habits解析细节理解题。由画线句子可知人们目前并没有进入到控制饮食的状态中，也就是说要改变人们漫不经心的饮食习惯还有很长的路要走。答案c5the author most likely wrote this text to_.a. compare the two experiments on rats and monkeysb. illustrate the data from the researchc. call on people to pay attention to their daily dietsd. introduce a lively debate to amuse the reader解析写作目的题。作者的目的是通过介绍试验”低热量的饮食可能会延长人的寿命”，呼吁人们注意控制饮食。答案c长难句解读another expert noted that, despite some highly publicized studies in certain species, the link between restricted eating and longer lifespan has been far from proven.本句的主句为another expert noted that，其中that引导的是一个宾语从句。从句用despite表示让步关系，后面的far from proven意为”远没有得到证明”。*结束 (第*篇)the treadle pump is based on a design developed in the 1970s by norwegian engineer gunnar barnes. it can be made locally.the treadle pump is easy to build from bamboo or other wood and two metal cylinders (圆筒) with pistons (活塞). the pistons go up and down as a person stands on lever devices treadles and uses a natural walking motion.how many hours a day the pump needs to be operated depends on the season and how much water is needed for crops. it could be two hours a day. it could be seven hours a day.small children sometimes stand with their parents on the treadles. everyone in the family can take turns operating the pump.the acumen fund is a nonprofit group that invests in business projects to fight poverty. it studied the effects of treadle pumps in the indian state of uttar pradesh. uttar pradesh has three treadle pump manufacturers and more than seventythree thousand pumps.acumen reported that families using them ate more vegetables, because they were able to grow more to eat and to sell. many of these families also drank more milk, because they bought a cow with their added earnings. men with treadle pumps often no longer have to leave the farm to seek extra work in cities.the pump can also improve education. farmers often use their extra earnings to buy books for their children or to pay for schooling.a farmer in zambia said he hoped to have enough money in three years to buy a dieselpowered pump (柴油泵). then he could grow more crops over a larger area.but the world economic crisis has had an effect on some farmers. ide executive director zenia tata says some who were able to buy diesel pumps now do not have enough money to buy fuel. so they are using their treadle pumps again.语篇解读脚踏泵因其简单、易行、实用之特点，正在世界的广大贫困地区被推广，以帮助农民脱贫致富，且已取得了显著的效果。1the treadle pump _.a. is invented by an american engineerb. is mainly made of metalc. consists of two cylinders with pistonsd. consists of two cylinders with an engine解析事实细节题。根据第二段第一句可知答案为c。答案c2what does the author want to tell us about the treadle pump in the second paragraph?a. its history.b. its working principle.c. its structure.d. its usage and effects.解析作者意图题。a和d显然不对，c有一定干扰性，但其不能概括第二句，介绍工作原理时，一般要同时介绍其结构，故选b。答案b3it can be inferred from the passage that _.a. it is easy to learn how to operate the treadle pumpb. it is difficult to build a treadle pumpc. the treadle pump is used more in winter than in summerd. operating the treadle pump can keep fit解析推理判断题。b和c与文中内容相悖，可排除。易错选d，但文中没有依据，无法推知。根据第四段，小孩也可帮忙，家庭中每个人都可参与，可推知a为答案。答案a4each treadle pump manufacturer in the indian state of uttar pradesh has produced on average about _.a. 18, 000 pumps b. 24, 000 pumpsc