《专八人文知识》PPT课件.ppt

TEM8 人文知识之地理,英国&美国,专八人文知识之英国地理概况,专八英国概况考点之英国地理,1. The official name of the United Kingdom is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 2. There are three political divisions on the islands of Great Britain: England, Scotland and Wales. 3. About a hundred years ago, Britain ruled an empire that had one fourth of the worlds people and one fourth of the worlds land area.,专八英国概况考点之英国地理,4. The Britain Empire was replaced by the Britain commonwealth in 1931,which is a free association of independent counties that were once colonies of Britain. 5. Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and the North Sea in the east. 6. Britain has, for centuries, been tilting with the northwest slowly rising, and the southeast slowly sinking. The north and west of Britain are mainly highlands. The southeast and east are mainly lowlands. 7. The pennies, a range of hills running from north midlands to Scottish border, are the principal mountain chain.,专八英国概况考点之英国地理,8. Ben Nevis in Scotland is the highest mountain in Britain, and the Loch Ness in Northern Ireland is the largest lake in Britain. 9. There are three natural zones in Scotland: the highlands in the north, the central lowlands, and the southern uplands. The lowlands in the center comprise mostly the forth and Clyde valleys. 10. Edinburgh, Cardiff and Belfast are the capitals of Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. 11. Scotland has about 800 islands, including the Orkney, Shetlands and Hebrides.,专八英国概况考点之英国地理,12. The Tweed, the Tyne, the Tees and the Thames Rivers on the east coast all face the North Sea ports on the European continent. 东海岸的邓恩河，泰河，迪斯河和泰晤士河都面临欧洲大陆上的北海各港口。 13. The longest river in Britain is the Severn River. The most important river is Thames River. River Clyde is the most important river in Scotland. 英国最长的河流是赛文河，最重要的河流是泰晤士河。克莱德河是苏格兰最重要的河流。 14. Though the weather in Britain is so changeable and unpredictable, the climate is in fact a favorable one. Britain has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year. 虽然英国的天气总是如此变化无常，无法预测，但实际上英国的天气相当宜人。英国全年有稳定的降雨量。,专八英国概况考点之英国地理,15.Britain has a population of 57411000, it is a densely populated country with an average of 237 people per square kilometer, and it is very unevenly distributed. 90% of the population is urban, and only 10% is rural. 英国人口为57411000。它是一个人口稠密，分布不均的国家，每平方公里平均237人，90的人生活在城镇，只有10的人居住在农村。 16. the English are Anglo-Saxons, but the welsh, Scots and Irish are Celts. 英格兰人是安各鲁撒克逊人。而威尔士、苏格兰和爱尔兰人是凯尔特人。 17. About three million have came to live and find work since world war second. They are mainly from the West Indies, India and Pakistan. 自二战以来，约有三百万人来到英国居住，他们主要来自西印度群岛，印度和巴基斯坦。,专八人文知识之 美国地理概况,专八人文知识之美国地理概况,The Fall Line瀑布线：A point where water-falls or rapids suddenly drop from a higher level to the lower one. 瀑布线指的是瀑布急速地从高处向低处流泻的点。 The Appalachian Range阿巴拉契亚山脉：1200 miles long，consists of the Piedmont Plateau, Appalachian Plateaus and Appalachian Range. 阿巴拉契亚山脉全场1200英里，由皮德蒙特高原、阿巴拉契亚高原及阿巴拉契亚山脉组成。 The Cordillera Range科迪勒拉山脉：Composed of the Coast Range, the Cascades and the Rocky Mountains. 科迪勒拉山脉由海岸山脉、卡斯卡德山以及洛基山组成。 The Great Basin大盆地：The Part between the Colorado and Columbia Plateaus. 指的是科罗拉多和哥伦比亚高地之间的部分。,专八人文知识之美国地理概况,The Great Central Plain中部大平原：The land mass between the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachians. 指的是洛基山和阿巴拉伊亚山之间的平原。 The Great Plain大平原：The western part of the central plain.大平原：指的是中部平原以西的部分。 The Mississippi River密西西比河：The longest, the most important river in the U.S.A. It has a drainage area of 3225000 square kilometers. 密西西比河是美国最长、最重要的河流。它的流域面积达3225000平方公里。 The Five Great Lakes北美五大湖：Lake Michigan, Superior, Erie, Huron and Ontario. 北美五太湖指的是密歇根湖、苏必利尔湖、伊利湖、休伦湖以及安大略湖 (苏密休伊安)。,专八人文知识之美国地理概况,The Niagara Falls尼亚加拉瀑布：Famous falls in North America, 1240 meters wide, the drop averages 49 meters. 尼亚加拉瀑布是北美最著名的瀑布，有1240米宽，平均落差为49米。,专八人文知识之美国地理概况,Grand Canyon大峡谷：In northern Arizona, one of the great natural wonders of the world. It measures about 277 miles long, up to 18 miles wide, and more than a mile deep. Its walls show layers that tell the story of the formation of the earth. 大峡谷在亚利桑那州的北部，是世界上最伟大的自然奇迹之一。它约有277英里长，18英里宽，约1英里深。它的墙壁断层记录了地球形成的过程。 Old Faithful老忠实喷泉：The most famous gayer in Yellowstone National Park, erupting more than l00 feet in the air about every 73 minutes. 老忠实喷泉是黄石国家公园最著名的喷泉，每73分钟向空中喷水100英尺多高。 Yellow stone National Park黄石国家公园：Located in the northern part of Wyoming. It is the oldest national park in the world and the largest wildlife preserve in the U.S.A. 黄石国家公园位于怀俄明州的北部地区。是世界上最古老的国家公园，是美国最大的野生保护区。,美国黄石公园的大棱镜泉,专八人文知识之美国地理概况,Chinatown唐人街：An area in a city where many Chinese people live and where are Chinese shops, restaurants, clubs; two, important Chinatowns: New York City and San Francisco. 唐人街是许多中国人生活、居住的地区，那里有许多中国店铺、饭店、夜总会。两条最重要的唐人街分别在纽约和旧金山。 Indian Reservation印第安保留地：It refers to the barren desert regions where only Indians live exclusively. 印第安保留地指的是专门给印第安人居住的贫瘠的沙漠地区。 New England新英格兰：It consists of six states: Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Connecticut. This region is featured with mountains, valleys, rivers. 新英格兰由六个州组成：缅因州、新罕布什尔州、佛蒙特州、马萨诸塞州、罗德岛州以及康涅狄格。这个地区主要以多山、多山谷、河流为特征。,美国唐人街,专八人文知识之美国地理概况,The Mountain States山地诸州：Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, and New Mexico. 山地诸州指的是蒙大拿州、怀俄明州、科罗拉多州以及新墨西哥州。 The Pacific Coast States太平洋沿岸诸州：Washington, Oregon and California. 太平洋沿岸诸州包括华盛顿州、俄勒冈州以及加利弗尼亚州。 Mount McKinley 麦金利山：6187 meters high, on the middle of the Alaska, the highest peak on this continent. 麦金利山高达6187米。在阿拉斯加的中部。是这片大陆上最高的山峰。,专八人文知识之美国地理概况,Pearl Harbor 珍珠港：The base of the Pacific Fleet of the U.S.A. near the city of Honolulu in Hawaii. 珍珠港是美国太平洋舰队的基地，在夏威夷的火奴鲁鲁市附近。,Pearl Harbor 珍珠港,夏威夷风景,美国名城趣话,1、“石油城”休斯敦 ( Houston ) 休斯敦是得克萨斯州首府。50年代初，这里还只是一个50 多万人口的城市，现在人口 160万，包括郊区在内人口已达290多万，可以说是一个“暴发户”式的城市。休斯敦位于墨西哥湾沿岸石油产区的中心，是全国最大的石油加工、石油化学和基本化学工业中心，享有“世界油都”或“世界能源之都”的美誉。现在其炼油量 占全国的30以上，生产了全国12以上的人造橡胶和23的乙烯，以及290多种有机化合物和80种无机化合物。美国30多家最大的石油公司有29家在这里设有总部或分公司。美国国家航空航天局在这里设有航天中心，它成功地实现了登月计划。 2、“汽车城”底特律 ( Detroit ) 位于休伦湖与伊利湖之间的圣克莱尔湖岸，是一个重要的铁路和大湖水运枢纽，且处于煤铁运输干线上，便于得到钢铁和能源发展 汽车工业，使之成为美国最大的汽车工业中心和世界著名的汽车城。底特