宾补常用的词

1、常考的“动词+宾语+宾补”结构,一、“make+宾语+宾补”的用法 “make+宾语+宾补”这一结构中，宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、过去分词、不定式等来充当， (1) 我的老师有一种奇妙的方法使他的课生动有趣。 My teacher has a strange way to make his classes lively and interesting.（形容词作宾补） (2) 他们让我复述故事。 They made me repeat the story.（省to的动词不定式） (3)他提高声音让他人听到他的声音。 He raised his voice to make himself h

2、eard.(过去分词作宾补) 注：“make+宾语+宾补”结构中不用现在分词充当宾补。 (4)We made him monitor of our class.（名词作宾补） 注：职务名词充当宾补时其前面不要加冠词。,【试题链接】,1. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them _ in his lectures. Ainterested B interesting CinterestDto interest 2. My parents have always made me _ about my

3、self, even when I was twelve. Afeeling wellBfeeling good Cfeel well Dfeel good,A,D,1. Nothing will make me _(change) my mind. 2. Can you make yourself_(understand) in English? 3. The teacher makes it _(know) that there will be a test next week.,change,understood,known,二、“with+宾语+宾补”的用法,with +n./pron

4、. + doing +n./pron. + done +n./pron. + to do (宾语与宾补主动关系,表示动作在进行) (宾语与宾补被动关系,表示动作完成) 有某事要做(时间表将来,动作由主语完成),1)随着时间的流逝，他妈妈的头发变白了。 With the time going by, his mothers hair turned white. With so many people communicating in English every day, it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge

5、 of English.(宾语so many people与communicate是主动关系，因此用现在分词作宾补) (2) 由于他需要的每样东西要买，他走进商店。 With everything he needed to buy, he went into the store. (不定式作宾补表示将来的含义) (3) 由于他需要的每样东西都买了他离开了商店。 With everything he needed bought, he left the store. (过去分词作宾补表被动表完成),5) With nothing to do, I went out for a walk. (不定

6、式作宾补) (6) 我父亲喜欢开着窗睡着。 My father likes to sleep with the window open. I went out with the window open. (形容词作宾补) 另外，“with+宾语+宾补”结构中还可由介词短语、副词短语来充当宾补，如： (1) She said good-bye with tears in her eyes. (2) He left the room with the light still on.,【试题链接】 1. -Come on, please give me some ideas about the pr

7、oject. -Sorry. With so much work _ my mind, I almost break down. AfilledBfilling Cto fillDbeing filled 2. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _ he gladly accepted it. Afinished BfinishingChaving finishedDwas finished 3. I couldnt do my homework with all the noise_. Agoing on Bgo

8、es on Cwent on Dto go on,B,A,A,4.With lots of problems _(settle), the newly elected president will have a hard time. A.settledB.settlingC.to settleD.being settled,C,三.have用法,have sb. do sth.使/让/叫某人干某事(宾语与宾补主动关系) have sb./sth. doing sth. 使/让某人/物持续地做某事(宾语与宾补主动关系,表示动作在进行); 在否定句中,表示“不容忍,不允许”。 have sth.

9、done 使/让某事由别人去做(宾语与宾补被动关系); 使遭受,1. Ill have/get my bike repaired tomorrow. 我明天得(请人)修一下我的自行车。 2. Tom had his leg broken while playing football. 汤姆踢足球时,伤了腿。 3. They had the light burning all night long. 他们把灯亮了一整夜。 4. We wont have such things happening again. 我们不容忍此类事情再次发生。,have 表示“有要做”,不定式在句中作定语。 have

10、 sth. to do 有某事要做 (动作由主语完成) sth. to be done 有某事要做 (动作非主语完成),5.妈妈有很多事要做,所以她让我去购物 Mum had lots of work to do, so she had me go shopping 。 6.我明天要去南京,你有东西要带给你儿子吗? Ill go to Nanjing tomorrow. Do you have anything to be taken to your son?,四.Get用法,get sb. to do sth. = have sb. do sth. 使/让/叫某人干某事 (宾语与宾补主动关系

11、) get sb./sth. doing 使某人/ 某物开始行动起来 get sth. done = have sth. done 使/让某事由别人去做(宾语与宾补被动关系); 注意无“have sth. done”句型的“使遭受”之意。,1.汤姆让姐姐帮他做家庭作业. Tom got his sister to help him with his homework. 2.车坏了,你能使车再走起来吗? The car broke down. Can you get it going again? 抱歉,我想我们必须送去修一下。 Sorry. I think well have to get i

12、t repaired.,五. Keep用法,keep sb. doing sth. 让某人继续在做某事(宾语与宾补主动关系,表示动作在进行) keep sth. done 让某事完成(宾语与宾补被动关系,表示动作完成) Keep+ sth +adj 注意:keep sb. from doing sth. =prevent/stop sb. (from) doing sth. 意为阻止某人做某事;特别强调的是在 “keep sb. from doing sth.”句型中from不可省略。,1. She kept me _(wait) for half an hour. 2. Youd bette

13、r keep your eyes _(open) and your mouth _(close). 3. Something has been done to keep the water from _ (pollute).,waiting,open,closed,being polluted,六.find+宾语+宾补”这一结构中的宾语补足语可以由现在分词、过去分词、名词、形容词、副词、介词短语以及不定式to be等来充当 1) You will find it a very difficult book. (2) When he came to himself, he found himse

14、lf surrounded by a group of boys. (3) I hope to find you in better spirits when we meet again. 4) I find the Chinese people to be happy and cheerful. 5)On the way home, I found an old man knocked down by a car and lying on the ground. 6)I found him weak. 注意：find+宾语+宾补这一结构中通常不使用动词原形来充当宾语补足语，即没有“find+

15、宾语+动词原形”这样的结构。,【试题链接】 A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen.(03全国卷) AsmokeBsmokingCto smoke Dsmoked,B,七.leave后接过去分词、现在分词、形容词、介词的复合结构等来充当,1.leave sth/sb done，常用来表示宾语所处的状态或表示动作已经完成。 (1) He got up slowly leaving the lunch unfinished. 可用于被动语态： The question can be left unanswer

16、ed.,2. leave sb/sth doing,常用来表示使某人或某物一直做某事： (1)不要让她在外面雨中等着。 Dont leave her waiting outside in the rain. 被动语态： She was left waiting outside in the rain. (2)他们一同离开了,留下我独自坐在那里。 They went off together and left me sitting there.,. 3. leave+宾语+宾补（adj.）： (1)你最好让窗户开着。 Youd better leave the window open. 被动语态

17、： The window was left open (2)他的病使他虚弱。 His illness has left him weak. .,4. leave + 宾语+宾补（介短） (1)把他留在家里。 Leave him at home.,【试题链接】 A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending, but the reader must not be left_. AunsatisfiedBunsatisfyingCto be unsatisfying Dbeing unsatisfied 答案：A 好故事不

18、必一定有圆满结局,但一定不能让读者不满意. 过去分词,这里也可以看成是一个形容词,另一种解释unsatisfied,过去分词指人. unsatisfying 现在分词指物:令人满意的东西.,八:sb. be besaid/believed/known/reported/announced/thought 等+to do +to be doing + to have done”。.,不定式的一般式(不定式所表示的动作,通常与主要谓语所表示的动作或状态同时或在它之后发生)、不定式的进行式(主要谓语表示的动作发生时,不定式表示的动作正在进行)及不定式的完成式(不定式所表示的动作在主要谓语所表示的动作

19、或状态之前发生)。,1. Is Bob still performing? Im afraid not. He is said _ the stage already as he has become an official. A.to have leftB.to leaveC.to have been leftD.to be left 2. The flu is believed _ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. A.causingB.being causedC

20、.to be causedD.to have caused 3. Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to( ) since the flood hit the area last Friday. A.have been missingB.have got lostC.be missingD.get lost,A,C,A,九.see, look at, watch, notice, observe (5看);hear, listen to (2听);feel (1感觉),+现在分词、不带to的不定式、过去分词等来充当，如： Through the wall he could hear Mary cleaning her teeth Have you ever heard