美国教育英文简单介绍ppt课件.ppt

1、Education in the United States of America,美国教育体系,1,I. The goal of education,“Give a man a fish and he will eat for a day. Teach a man how to fish and he will eat for the rest of his life.” - Chinese Proverb The goal of education is to achieve universal literacy and to provide individuals with educat

2、ional opportunities.,2,Education in the United States is provided mainly by government, with control and funding coming from three levels: federal, state, and local. Each of 50 states in the United States has its own laws regulating education. From state to state, some laws are similar; others are n

3、ot.,II. Education a local matter,3,III. Expenditure of Education,Educational funds are from several sources. Funds for elementary and secondary schools come from 3 sources: about 50% from local property taxes, 40-50% from the states, 8%-9% from the federal government.,4,5,Elementary school and secon

4、dary school,In most areas, free public school education begins with kindergarten classes for 5 years old. Almost all the 50 states have laws that require 12 years of compulsory attendance at school for children.,6,In some school system, the 12 grades are divided into two stages, the first 6 grades f

5、or elementary school and the next 6 grades for secondary school. In other school system, there are three divisions: elementary school (grades16), junior high school (79), and senior high school (1012).,7,Education in the United States,Grade,Age,Preschool,Kindergarten,5 - 6,Elementary School,1st Grad

6、e,2nd Grade,3rd Grade,4th Grade,5th Grade,6 - 7,7 - 8,8 - 9,12 - 13,10 - 11,6th Grade,7th Grade,8th Grade,11 - 12,9 - 10,13 - 14,Middle School,9th Grade,14 - 15,8,10th Grade,11th Grade,12th Grade,15 - 16,16 - 17,17 - 18,High School,9,IV. Curricula for Students,1.Elementary School Although the federa

7、l government has no national curriculum for education, almost every elementary school provides instruction in these subjects: language arts; math ;penmanship; science; social studies; music; art; and physical education.,Physical Education,10,2. Secondary School,Secondary schools offer these subjects

8、: English, mathematics, science, social studies and physical education. Most schools offer foreign languages. Spanish is the most popular foreign language for Americans .,11,Class atmosphere is usually relaxed in American schools. American educator believe that children learn better when they are ha

9、ppy and interested, so every effort has been made to arouse the interests of the individual.,12,Public Schools,Public schools are locally controlled. Firstly, public schools are supported by taxes paid by all people whether or not they have children attending schools. Secondly, they are free from re

10、ligious influence. Public schools educate about 88% of all American children.,13,Private Schools,Most private schools are related to religious groups. In these schools, religious instruction is part of the curriculum Today, about 12% of all American children go to private schools for their elementar

11、y and secondary education.,14,Middle School in U.S.A,15,Standardized Tests,In the last year of high school, students who want to go on to receive higher education have to take some kind of standardized tests. The most popular tests are Scholastic Assessment Tests (SAT) and the American College Testi

12、ng (ACT),16,SAT,The SAT is a three-hour, multiple-choice exam measuring verbal, math, and reasoning skills. It is required by most higher education institutions in the United States for the admission to undergraduate degree programs.,17,Entrance Requirement of a University or a College,Successful ap

13、plicants at such colleges are usually chosen on the basis of : Their high school academic performance Letters of recommendation from their high school teachers The impression they make during the interviews at the university Their scores on SAT,18,The Complex System of Higher Education,It comprises

14、four categories of institutions: The university The four-year undergraduate institutionthe college The technical training institution The two-year, or community college,19,The Military Academy,The only institutions of higher education funded by the federal government are related to the Military. The

15、y are the United States Military Academy （陆军学校）at West Point, New York; the United States Naval Academy （海军学校）in Annapolis, Maryland; and the United States Air Force Academy （空军军官学校）in Colorado Springs, Colorado.,20,Credit,One of the measurements for an undergraduate in academic progress is credit o

16、r “point”. Typically, an undergraduate student has to earn a certain number of credits (about 120) in order to receive the bachelors degree at the end of four years of college. Credits are earned by attending lectures (or lab classes) and by successfully completing assignments and examinations.,21,S

17、tudents who want to pursue graduate study have to take the Graduate Record Examination (GRE), or the Law School Admissions Test (LSAT) for law school, or the Medical College Admissions Test (MCAT) if one wants to go to a medical school.,22,Table of Academic Degrees,23,Public Universities,Public univ

18、ersities are operated by a state or local government Some famous public universities: University of California at Berkley University of California at Los Angles (UCLA) University of Virginia,24,Private Universities,About 25 percent of higher education in the United States are privately operated by religious organization. The most prestigious universities in America are the older private unive